forc research retreat 2016 updates hairul
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FORC Research Updates 2016
FORC Research Retreat, Morib
11 – 13 November, 2016
R E S E A R C H C E N T E R
FORC focuses on design, fabrication and characterization of specialty optical fiberand its application • Rare-earth doped fibers• Microfiber• FBG sensors• LPG sensors• SPR sensors• Polymer PCF• Optical Sensor Network
• Standard MCVD
• Solution Doping, Chelate Delivery
• Pulling Tower
• OSA
• Beam Profiler, Preform Profiler
Fabrication and Characterization Facilities
About us
R E S E A R C H C E N T E R
Simulation and Modelling
People
2 Professors, 1 Associate Professor,
2 Senior Lecturers, 3 Post-docs, 7 PhD,
9 M.Eng.Sc.
Sensors WaveguidesActive
DevicesPassive Devices
O P T I C A L F I B E R FA B R I C AT I O N T E C H N O L O G Y
MCVD Pulling Tower FBG writing Fiber Taper
M AT E R I A L S C I E N C E S
Sensors
• FBG & LPG
• Flat Fiber
• Tapered Fiber
• Doped Dosimeter
• PCF Dosimeter
Waveguides
• Mid infra-red
• Modified Silica Host
• Polymer MOF
Active Devices
• S-band Amplifier
• New Band Amplifier
• Visible Wavelength Fiber Lasers
Passive Devices
• Optical Filter
• Tapered Fiber
• Wavelength converters
• Optical CDMA encoder
Sensors WaveguidesActive
DevicesPassive Devices
O P T I C A L F I B E R FA B R I C AT I O N T E C H N O L O G Y
Optical Sensor Networks
Fiber-to-the-Home
Radiation Dosimetry
Optical Communication Systems
OPTICAL FIBER APPLICATIONS
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
PROJECT T IMELINES
S-BAND AMPLIFIER
NEW-BAND AMPLIFIER NEW-BAND FIBER NEW-BAND FIBER DEVICES
MICRO-FIBER
FBG OPTICAL CDMA (FRGS)
MICRO-FIBER DEVICES
LPG SENSOR NETWORK (ERGS)
NANOPARTICLE FIBER (FRGS)
BISMUTH FIBER (FRGS)
DOSIMETRY (UM-HIR)
DOSIMETRY OSL & RL (PRGS)
DOSIMETRY TL (FRGS) DOSIMETRY OSL & RL (CRADLE)
POLYMER MOF
DAS SPECIALTY FIBER DAS SYSTEM
OFDMA PON
New Optical Communication Band
Amplifier
• S-band amplifier
• New band amplifier
@ 1700 nm
• Silica host doped
with
• Erbium
• Thulium
• Bismuth
• Glass modifier
• Aluminium
• Gallium
• Barrium
Transmission Fiber
• Silica host
• Photonic Crystal Fiber
• Modified Silica host
Collaborative Project
7
Waveguide Imperfection
Att
enu
atio
n (d
B
km-1
)
0.01
0.050.1
10.5
1050
100
5
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.4
Wavelength (µm)1
stW
ind
ow
(ea
rly
80
`s)
2n
dW
ind
ow
(m
id 8
0`s
)
C a
nd
L W
ind
ow
(1
99
6)
S-B
and
Win
do
wExperimental Infra-red Absorption
Poss
ible
New
Win
do
w
In-Situ Solution Doping
in-situ solution doping. Bi(NO3)3.5H2O solution is delivered to the tube after soot deposition followed by oxidation, sintering and collapse to a preform.
New BandP23 – Solution doping, Modifier: AlP90 – Solution doping (salt), Modifier: Al
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Am
plit
ud
e (
dB
m)
Length (m)
Gain P90_125um Gain P23 NF P90_125um NF P23
Comparison of Gain and NF of two Tm doped fiber with different solution doping agents.
Bismuth-doped Fiber• The ranges 1150 – 1500 and 1650 – 1750 nm of the spectral
window 1100 – 1800 nm are not covered by rare-earth fiber lasers and amplifiers.
• Bismuth-doped optical fibers feature a broad luminescence spectrum.
• The optical and lasing properties of Bi-doped fibers are greatly influenced by fiber core composition, Bi concentration, and fabrication technique.
• Optical fiber amplifier for GPON extender with simultaneous operating wavelengths 1310 nm and 1490 nm.
• P2O5 doping of the fiber core leads to the appearance of a band peaking in the region 1300 – 1350 nm.
• Bi concentration is < 200 ppm to avoid clustering.
• Fabrication with MCVD-in situ solution doping.
Bismuth-doped Fiber
Main emission peaks for different Bi-doped fibers
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700
Ab
sorp
tio
n (
dB
)
Wavelength (nm)
NTT Bi7 Bi8
Absorption of Bismuth doped fiber
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1550
Am
plit
ud
e (
dB
m)
Wavelength (nm)
Emission of Bismuth doped fiber
808 nm pump with 105 mW power
Dosimetry is a key monitoring technique forsafe and acceptable use of radiation indifferent fields such as
Optical Fiber Radiation Dosimeter
Personal monitoringCalibration high energy machinesMeasuring the dose in small inaccessibleplaces in the body etc.
Fig: Dose measurement using TLD in radiotherapy
Note: The OSL process is similar to the TL process except that the trapped electrons are released optically and not thermally.
Fig : Schematic outline of OSL fiber dosimetry system.
Thermoluminescence Dosimeter (TLD)
Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter (OSL)
Fig : Schematic outline of TL fiber dosimetry system.
RL Dosimetry System
Fig: Optical fiber-coupled OSL readout system
using Al2O3:C as a sensor
Main components of
RL/OSL dosimeter reader
are:
Sensor Crystal
Optical Detection
System, and
Signal Processing
Electronics
THEORYRadioluminescence
1. Electron-hole pairs generated upon ionizing radiation 2. Radioluminescence is generated due to radiative recombination of the
electron/hole pairs at recombination centers
LINAC, Varian 2100CDGrooves are drilled in some of the solid water slabs to housethe dosimeter probes.
Example of measurement setup Data aquisition
RADIOLUMINESCENCEMETHODS : IRRADIATION
Cylindrical Fiber
Results (RL):
Fig: RL as seen on data acquisition software (Co-60 source)
Cylindrical Fiber
Results (RL):
Fig: Linearity of RL graph for SiO2:Ge at different dose rates
Fig: RL graph for SiO2:Ge at different dose rates
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Fig: RL response at different absorbed dose
Cylindrical Fiber
Results (RL):
Time (s)
Ph
oto
n c
ou
nts
Fig: Linearity of Total counts vs Absorbed Dose
Cylindrical Fiber
Results (RL):