foreign direct investment in china[1]

8/13/2019 Foreign Direct Investment in China[1]

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FOEIGN DIEC INEMEN IN CHINA

B

IAOBAO DANG

B.., NOH EEN NIEI (IAN CHINA), 2002

A EPO

MAE OF A

D E

C A

KANA AE NIEI

M, K

2008

A :

M P

M C


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C

IAOBAO DANG

2008


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ABAC

C (FDI)

. B ,

FDI C, ,

. I , I FDI

( , , , )

FDI C' . F, I ,

C.


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C

F ABE ...................................................................................................................................

F CA .................................................................................................................................

CAE 1 DC ............................................................................................................... 1

CAE 2 GEEA BACGD F FD F CA .......................................................... 2

2.1OEALL FDIEND IN CHINA ................................................................................................................... 2

2.2CHINA GOAL IN AACING AND ILIING FDI .......................................................................................... 7

2.3MAJO FDIPE IN CHINA ........................................................................................................................ 8

2.3.1EQI JOIN ENE (EJ) .................................................................................................................. 8

2.3.2CONACAL JOIN ENE (O COOPEAIE JOIN ENE,CJ) ......................................................... 9

2.3.3HOLL FOEIGNONED ENEPIE (FOE) ........................................................................................ 9

2.3.4HAE COMPAN IH FOEIGN INEMEN (CFI)................................................................................... 92.3.5JOIN EPLOAION .............................................................................................................................. 10

2.4HIO OF FDIIN CHINA ......................................................................................................................... 11

2.4.1 E (1979 1983) ................................................................................................. 12

2.4.2 (1984 1991) ....................................................................................................... 12

2.4.3 (1992 1993) ........................................................................................................... 15

2.4.4 A (1994 2000) ................................................................................................ 17

2.4.5 (2001 ) ............................................................................................... 17

2.5DIIBION OF FDIIN CHINA ................................................................................................................. 19

CAE 3 A F E ECC DEEA F FD CA .................................... 20

3.1CHINA MAKE IE AND ECONOM GOH ............................................................................................. 203.2ABNDAN LABO PPL AND LOE LABO CO ....................................................................................... 21

3.3INFACE .................................................................................................................................... 22

3.4FAOABLE POLICIE AND ABLE POLIICAL ENIONMEN ............................................................................. 23

3.5OHE DEEMINAN ............................................................................................................................. 24

3.5.1. ............................................................................................................................... 24

3.5.2 ....................................................................................................... 24

CAE 4 E E A FD A AFFECG CA' ADE AD ECC G ....... 25

4.1HE IMPAC OF FDIINFLO ON DOMEIC ECONOM ................................................................................. 25

4.2HE IMPAC OF FDION EMPLOMEN OPPONIIE ................................................................................... 26

4.3HE IMPAC OF FDION ECHNOLOG ANFOMAION ............................................................................... 26

CAE 5 E AD AEAD: E ED AD CAGG A F FD CA ............... 27

5.1OME CEN IE FO EPOOIENED INEMEN ............................................................................ 27

5.1.1 E ..................................................................................................... 27

5.1.2 ................................................................................................ 28

5.2FHE POMOE FOEIGN INE IN HE CENAL AND EEN EGION B CHINEE GOENMEN. ................ 29

5.3OLING ENIONMENAL IE ILL CEAE NE OPPONIIE FO FDI .................................................... 29

5.4CHINEE GOENMEN ILL FHE PEFEC HE ENIONMEN FO INEMEN IN HE FE...................... 30

CAE 6 CCDG EA ................................................................................................ 31


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EFEECE ..................................................................................................................................... 34


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F ABE

2.1: C FDI I 1980 2006

2.2: I O F I E (FIE) P

N I O

2.3: FDI I A C 2006

2.4: E FDI I C 2006

2.5: C FDI F 2006

2.6: FDI E, C P C 2006


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F CA

C 2.1: C FDI 1980 2006

C 5.1: .. D C E J. 2005 A. 2008


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1

CAE 1

C 1979. C

. M, FDI C

. B 2006, ,

FDI C 594,445; 1497.9 D

703.9 D, ( 2.1). N, C FDI

.

O, FDI C

. B, ? A C

FDI? FDI C ? M

. I , I

.

: 2

, FDI C. () FDI ,

() C FDI, () FDI, ()

FDI 1979 , () FDI

C. 3 FDI C:

, , , ,

C FDI .

4 FDI C' .


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2

5 , FDI

C. 6 .

CAE 2 G FD C

2.1

FDI C : F

1980 1992, . , FDI

.

.

1998. B, 2000, 2005. I

( C 2.1).


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3

C 2.1: C FD 1980 2006

Source: Foreign Investment Department of the Ministry of Commerce of China, 2007

I 2005, t FDI 44,019; FDI

$189 FDI $72.4 . D

2.1.

2.1: C FD 1980 2006

: $100

. C

594,445 14,979.28 7,039.74

19791982 920 49.58 17.69

1983 638 19.17 9.16

1984 2,166 28.75 14.19

1985 3,073 63.33 19.56

1986 1,498 33.3 22.44

1987 2,233 37.09 23.14

1988 5,945 52.97 31.94

1989 5,779 56 33.93

1990 7,273 65.96 34.87

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

China FDI Annual Flows from 1980 to 2006(Unit: USD Millions)


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4

2.1 C.

1991 12,978 119.77 43.66

1992 48,764 581.24 110.081993 83,437 1,114.36 275.15

1994 47,549 826.8 337.67

1995 37,011 912.82 375.21

1996 24,556 732.76 417.26

1997 21,001 510.03 452.57

1998 19,799 521.02 454.63

1999 16,918 412.23 403.19

2000 22,347 623.8 407.15

2001 26,140 691.95 468.78

2002 34,171 827.68 527.43

2003 41,081 1,150.70 535.05

2004 43,664 1,534.79 606.3

2005 44,019 1,890.65 724.06

2006 41,485 2,001.74 694.68


FDI C

F I E (FIE). FIE

.(. 2.2)

2.2: F E (FE)

: MB 100

N I O I O FIE (%)

1990 19,701.04 448.95 2.28

1991 23,135.56 1,223.32 5.29

1992 29,149.25 2,065.59 7.09


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5

2.2 C.

1993 40,513.68 3,704.35 9.15

1994 76,867.25 8,649.39 11.26

1995 91,963.28 13,154.16 14.31

1996 99,595.55 15,077.53 15.14

1997 56,149.70 10,427.00 18.57

1998 58,195.23 14,162.00 24

1999 63,775.24 17,696.00 27.75

2000 73,964.94 23,145.59 22.51

2001 94,751.78 26,515.66 28.05

2002 1,011,198.73 33,771.09 33.37

2003 128,306.14 46,019.55 35.87

2004 187,220.66 58,847.08 31.43

2005 249,625.00 78,399.40 31.41

2006 315,630.14 99,420.83 31.5


A : ? A,

/ A, , H K, M, , J, P,

, M, , I K,

FDI . ( 2.3)

B 2006, A / 460,205

, 83% FDI ,

$46.45 C, 58.58% FDI C.


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6

2.3: FD A C 2006

: $ 100

C/ . % FD %

594445 100 7039.74 100

10 A C/ 460205 83 464.52 58.58

H K 269555 48.62 2797.74 39.74

J 37714 6.8 579.73 8.24

71847 12.96 438.93 6.23

K 43130 7.78 349.99 4.97

15556 2.81 300.04 4.26

M 10697 0.733 69.4 0.99

I 1444 0.26 15.61 0.22

M 3947 0.71 42.26 0.6

P 2523 0.46 22.01 0.31

3792 0.68 29.68 0.42

: F I D M C C, 2007

/ C 2006,

, : H K ($279.77 ), J ($57.97 ),

I ($57.16 ), A ($53.95 ), ($43.89 ). (

2.4)


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7

2.4: E C 2006

: $ 100

C/ . % FD %

554445 100 7039.74 100

H K 269555 48.62 2797.74 39.74

J 37714 6.80 579.73 8.24

I 16616 3.00 571.64 8.12

A 52211 9.42 539.55 7.66

71847 12.09 438.93 6.23

K 43130 7.256 349.99 4.97

15556 2.617 300.04 4.26

.K. 5359 0.902 139.22 1.98

: F I D M C C, 2007

2.2

A C FDI

,

(, 2005):

1. H , C FDI ,

, .

2. , C , ,

, , .


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8

3. C , , ,

.

4. C

.

5. C FDI. A C

, C FDI

.

2.3

(2005) FDI C, , ()

E J (EJ), () C J ( C J ,

CJ) C E, () (FOE), ()

C F I (CFI) () J .

:

2.3.1 ()

A EJ ,

C .

EJ FDI C, 2.5. C J


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9

L A P

25 99 .

2.3.2 ( , )

A , CJ

C .

. I ,

. G L (1991)

EJ, CJ

2.3.3 ()

O, FOE

. H , FOE .

E

E C (1986) E (1988).

FOE EJ CJ 1990 C

FDI.

2.3.4 ()

CFI , ,

C .


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10

.

/ .

2.3.5

J . I

CJ . I

, CJ. FDI C

.

, , .

F 2.5, EJ FOE FDI,

90% FDI 82.38% FDI

C 2006.

2.5: C FD 2006

: $ B

F . % FD %

594,445 100 703.9 100

E J 270,640 45.53 251.40 35.72

C J 58,570 9.85 93.50 13.28

F E 265,288 44.62 328.46 46.66

FDI I. 207 0.034 3.67 0.52

J E 191 0.032 7.51 1.06

O 62 0.01 19.43 2.76

: F I D M C C, 2007


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11

A (2002), EJ

C. F, C EJ C

, , . ,

,

. A, D

(2001) C FOE EJ

EJ,

, ,

.

FDI C 1950,

. H, 1978 C

FDI . 1978

C M

. 1978, FDI C

C . I ,

FDI C .


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12

2.4.1 E (1979 1983)

C ,

. FDI C

. O

E (E), , , H M, J

1981. E

.

. A C ,

FDI

. M, C

. , E

( C C

) J 1979.

FDI C .

A

C E

(1983).

2.4.2 G (1984 1991)

C FDI . 1982,

C FDI E . L

. FDI


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13

. FDI

1983 1985. B

.

O (O) L (1986) P FDI E (1986) C F E C C L (1986) A I FDI (1987) D FDI (1988) L (1988) (1990) O (1990) I (1991)

1984 . I , D

C

(, 1984). I , C

,

( D, O 21, 1984). A FDI E,

C FDI

E. I 1984,

. D, Q, , , Q, L,


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14

N, , N, , F, G, B.

C E, .

FDI

. F , FDI 30 D (,

2005).

FDI . FDI

.

L P C F E

(FOE), A 12, 1986,

FOE C. A

C FDI

, , .

I 1987, C H, , E

(B , H G ). M,

C, D , P

D G, F , L

, FDI.

E .

A ,

(FIE) .


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15

(P D

, B , 814 F 1988).

I D 1990, D

I P C C J

C F I.

,

.

2.4.3 (1992 1993)

C

P N A. C

, . I

( , 1991; : C,

A 24, 1991). C,

C FDI

C. H ,

C P

.

D 1992

C FDI

.


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16

, C

F I E (FIE)

. A ,

, ,

. A , FDI

. C FDI

.

1992 FDI C. I

, C

. A

1992 1993, :

A L (1992) C L (1993) P , ,

(1993)

A C 2.1 2.1,

FDI 1992 385%. $58.1

. FDI 152%, $11

, 1989, 1990 1991. I 1993,

FDI $110.9 ,

. $25.8 .


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17

2.4.4 A (1994 2000)

F 1994, FDI C

, .

2.1 C 2.1 FDI

82.68 D 1994 91.28 D 1995, 73.27 1996.

C FDI

. A 1995 P G F I

P,

. G FDI

: , , (, 2005).

.

.

,

,

. . A FDI

1997 1998 .

2.4.5 (2001 )

O N 11, 2001, C

O (O), 15 . O,


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18

C ,

, . I , C

O .

FDI C.

A O FDI. C

. C

. I , C FDI

. ,

, ,

. F , ,

.

B O C

. , ,

C .

A (2006), , C

. M FDI,

,

C

.

C

, C O

C FDI .


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19

2.5

A FDI C

. C

: , , . (2004)

FDI .

2.6

FDI 2006. FDI

E C, . A

, F, , J G

FDI. G, ,

. H,

FDI G

. A , E, FDI 84.56%,

; C 8.55%

4.25% .

FDI

3.


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20

2.6: FD E, C C 2006

: $ 100

C/ . % FD %

594445 100 7039.74 100

E 493482 83.02 5952.93 84.56

C 64031 10.77 602.18 8.55

36902 6.21 299.35 4.25

O 30 0.01 185.28 2.63

: B, , , , , , , , ,

,

, , , A, , , ,

: , , , C, , , , ,

, , ,

: F I D M C C 2007.

CAE 3 FD

C

3.1

, C

.

, FDI E A


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21

C .

C .

I ,

FDI. .

(1998)

FDI. , ,

FDI . C K (2002), L . (1997),

(2002) (1999)

,

GDP FDI C. M,

FDI E A FDI

H K , . B, ,

. (2002)

FDI

.

3.2

D 30 , , C F

. C

1979. H,

C . A


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22

M (1993) ,

, FDI C.

I , C (1996), C K (2000), H

(1996), L . (1997)

FDI. I C; FDI C.

I , , C

. A B

F (1999), C

. .

. H,

FDI , . A

FDI

. , (2002)

FDI 1991 FDI

. I , L (1999)

, , FDI.

3.3

I FDI.

C 30 .

, , ,

.


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23

, ,

.

C K (2000) H (1996)

C FDI.

G 2, I FDI C

.

FDI, (2002)

FDI. A

. ,

C'

FDI.

3.4

F

(J, 1995; G, 2003).

, ,

, 1980 1993. F 1994,

FDI . B FDI

, ,

. F ,

. B , I 2, C


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24

, ,

.

3.5

3.5.1.

O (2002)

FDI. ,

. F , G, F,

,

, , , . A, ,

.

3.5.2

(2002) C FDI

C D. H K, ,

FDI C ( 2.4)

. (2002)

C,

C. F C

, , , .


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25

CAE 4 FD C'

4.1

C FDI,

C . (2001) FDI

C GDP : FDI GDP

; FDI GDP

. I ,

(2002) FDI GDP

FIE FIE

.

L (1998) FDI C .

C FDI

. L (2000) C

, C

0.9 1978 3.7 2000.

C (1999) (2000) FDI

. (2002)

FIE . B 1985 1999,

FIE 1 45 . FIE


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26

.

4.2

, FDI FIE.

B (2006) FDI

(85.76% )

G, F, J, , L , ,

, B . I , FDI

11.15% 3.09% FDI

C, . FDI

C.

4.3

.

FDI ,

C FDI . C

. (1995) FDI ,

FDI C

C H K

FDI. L (1997), D,

FDI . F,

. ,


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27

. , ,

. F, EJ

EJ. B , L (1999)

A C B

E M C.

. (2002)

,

H K .

CAE 5 :

FD C

5.1

5.1.1 E

( 2006). ,

, .., C.

H, J, 2008, 1 D 6.82 MB,

MB 18.5% J 2005 (C 5.1).


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28

H, C

.

C 5.1 .. D C E . 2005 A. 2008

: : ://..//?=D&=CN&=1&=5

5.1.2

I C.

M

. .

,

. H,

O E M (OEM)

.

, ,

. I , C


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29

. A J, 2008,

10% , 15% 5%. I

. A .

5.2

.

B 2.6, FDI

, C 15% FDI

. H, , ,

.

, . A,

.

,

.

5.3

E C

. A

, C A

. A

,

. I , C


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30

FDI

. ,

FDI .

5.4

A C O,

. C ,

. I N 2006, C P C 17

.

C

. C

( M

C C, 2006):

1. C .

, ,

.

C

,


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31

O, ,

, , .

M, ,

,

.

2. . I

O , C

, , , ,

.

.

CAE

FDI C. C

FDI 1979.

C FDI

. FDI C

10% . C ,

C , .

, C

, C.


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32

A FDI C, , H

K . .

, H K FDI

C.

B , FDI

C. F, FDI C .

, ,

C. , FDI .

. F,

FDI. I C,

.

F C , FDI .

A , FDI C GDP

, ,

F (FFE). , FDI C

C , C ,

E, . , FDI C

FIE,

C.


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33

FDI C .

C

. H, C

C

. FDI C.


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34

B, A. (2006). FDI C E I,

E, . D, 2, 1/2.

B, L. F, . (1999). F D I C:

P E A, BE N. 7100.

C, C. (1996). D F D I M C,

E , 23, 1830.

C, C. (1999). FDI I , . (E.), F D

I E G C, E E P.

C, C., C L.., , . (1995). F D I

C' P1978 E D, D23(4), 691703.

C, L. K. K, . K. (2000). A D L F

D I? C , E, 51,

379400.

D, P. (2001). FOE: M P E M C, B ,

JA, 6372.

G, P. D. L, J. H (1991). F D I C, N , :

Q B.

H, K. , J. (1996). I C C F D I:

D E C I A, E, 40,

3860.


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35

J, E. (1995). C I C, D ,

F D I, E, 56, 311325

L, N. (2000). I C C E? P H

D C. F 24.

L, F. (1998). P P : C

CEEC C D P M E. C E

E , O.B. F.C F. L , OECD

D C .

L, F. (2000). FDI O C' E, CE ,

N. 0011, J.

L, . (1999). L C .. A A, BE

N. 6876.

L, . J. , . M. (1999). I L I

C: C C , C, A

B: H G, 81(2), 6172.

L, ., , H., , . , P. (1997). C C F

D I C: A P D A. , A,

133(2), 313329

M, M. (1993) D G M D I.

19801988. , A, 129, 12038.

, A.C. (1998). , 3 E, NJ:

P H.


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36

, D. G, . (2003). F I P C F

C: A A. B , 56, 779790

, Q., , . , Q. (2002). D F D I

C, , 21(1), 79113.

, . , H. (2002). F D I C: L

O C, D , PDP 02/03.

, . H. (2004). F D I C, D D,

N J.

, . Q. (2002). F D I C: A . ,

L M .

, . L, P. (1997). C F D

I, , 31(7), 669679.

, J. (2006). F D I C: A F L I.

, D .

H. (2001). F D I O G C,

, F 2003

, H. (2002). D C M F D I?

E C, 10(3), 4958.

, K. (1999). FDI E G: E E A E,

E , 54(4), 517535.


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, K. H. , (2000). P E: I FDI C.

C E , 2000, 11(4), 385396.

, J. H. (1984). B A I D: A N O

C , ,24, J 11.

foreign direct investment in china[1]

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