foundations of civilization. big 7 characteristics developed cities organized government formalized...
TRANSCRIPT
BIG 7 CHARACTERISTICS
• DEVELOPED CITIES• ORGANIZED
GOVERNMENT• FORMALIZED RELIGION• SPECILAIZATION OF
LABOR• SOCIAL CLASSES• RECORD KEEPING AND
WRITING– *CUNEIFORM
• ART AND ARCHITECTURE
CULTURE DEFINED
• The customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular people or other social group
• The attitudes and behavior characteristic of a particular social group.
THE NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION
• THE NEW STONE AGE• Began in 8000 BC and
ended until 3000 BC• People learned to polish
and grind stones to shape tools with sharper edges
• New tools are made• Animals and plants are
domesticated• Growth in agriculture –
Transition period of hunter-gathering to permanent farming settlements
MESOPOTAMIA
• GEOGRAPHY PROMOTES CIVILIZATION
• Greek word meaning “between the rivers”
• What made Mesopotamia the perfect location for civilizations to start and thrive?
QUESTION
• In which geographic location would the beginning of a civilization most likely occur?– Alongside a lake– Alongside a river– In the middle of a
forest– In the middle of a
desert
SUMERIANS
• First developed civilization
• Polytheistic• Major contributions:
– Developed a math system
– Established a writing system (cuneiform)…the way to move up the social ladder
– Arts: Arches, ramps, columns, large temples
– Invented the wheel and plow
THE AKKADDIANS
• FIRST CONQUEREORS IN HISTORY
• Led by Sargon I• Formed the world’s first
empire (a land that includes different kingdoms and people under one rule)
• Stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf
• Lasted about 140 years – spread Sumerian culture
THE BABYLONIAN EMPIRE
• Settled in what is now modern day Baghdad, Iraq
• King Hammurabi became king of Babylon
• United all of Mesopotamia
• Absorbed elements of previous cultures
• Most famous for Hammurabi’s Code– 282 laws dealing with
everything from trade and theft to injury and murder