fred block uc davis march 24, 2016 basid technology conference chapter/pdf and images... ·...
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Fred Block UC Davis March 24, 2016 BASID Technology Conference
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1. How the innovation system has been
transformed.
2. Strengths and weaknesses.
3. Dilemmas for managing a complex
and decentralized innovation system.
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∎ The dramatic decline of the big corporate laboratories.
∎ The movement of industry scientists to small firms.
∎ Innovation now occurs overwhelmingly in public-private collaborations.
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∎New era started from the example of
computers and biotech—central role of
new firms.
∎ Has now diffused to virtually every
sector of the economy.
∎ The new model is built on government-
university-industry cooperation.
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Pronounced as Gooey and difficult to manage.
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∎ Greater technological and scientific complexity
∎ Even the most successful firms cannot do it on their own
∎ Creativity and innovation flourish when technologists are not in hierarchical organizations
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∎ Tens of thousands of daily collaborations
between industry technologists and
publicly funded scientists
∎ Occurring in federal laboratories and on
university campuses
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∎ Cooperative research and
development agreements, work for
others, facilities agreements at federal
labs
∎ Cooperative Research Centers on
campuses—such as ERC’s, IUCRC’s
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∎
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∎ Department of Energy: Bioenergy Research Centers (3)
Frontier Energy Research Centers (46)
Energy Innovation Hubs (4)
∎ Interagency Effort—Advanced Manufacturing Institutes—16 by
the end of 2016.
∎ Cluster strategy pursued by Economic
Development Administration.
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∎ Strengths—
1. Broadening the innovation funnel
(think smart phone apps)—ubiquitous
innovation.
2. Reduced barriers to entry for innovators (think Tesla).
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∎ Weaknesses—
1. Massive coordination problems
because innovation is no longer being
carried by deep pocketed corporations.
2. Innovators usually have to build
complex political alliances to scale
up new technologies.
3. Small firms face “valley of death”.
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∎ Lack of public knowledge, understanding, visibility, legitimacy
∎ GUI coordination
∎ Funding
∎ A dysfunctional intellectual property regime
∎ Need for new financing arrangements for startups
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∎ We have gone too far in treating
knowledge as a commodity and
subdividing it into tiny pieces
∎The current system makes
collaboration much more difficult than it should be
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∎ The venture capital system is broken; it
only works for unicorns
∎ We need new mechanisms so that tens
of thousands of small tech startups have a
plausible chance to survive
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∎ Importance of understanding how
dramatically the innovation environment
has shifted over a generation.
∎ Need to forge new rules, new
institutions, new practices to make this new system work.