french articles le, la, l, les un, une, des. le, la, l, les (definite articles) what do these words...
TRANSCRIPT
French articles
le, la, l’, les
un, une, des
le, la, l’, les (definite articles)
• What do these words mean?
• These words all mean the.
• So how do you know which one to use?????
LE. LA. L’. LES (definite articles)
- LES -
• Well, first of all, if the noun is plural, there is only one possibility:
• les• For example, to say the teachers you
would say:• les professeurs.
• What other nouns do you know are masculine?
LES
- LE -
• 1. fruits• 2. sports• 3. légumes• 4. livres• 5. magazines• 6. fêtes• 7. animaux• 8. émissions
les
lesles
les
lesles
les
les
LES
• If your noun is singular (that means you’re talking about only one thing), then you have to choose from le, la, l’ .
LE. LA. L’.
LE. LA. L’.
• Your choice of definite article depends on the gender of the noun that follows.
• In French, every noun has a gender—it is either masculine or feminine.
• In order to choose between le or la, you have to know the gender of the noun.
• For example, the noun garçon (boy) is masculine.
• If you want to say the boy you would say:
•le garçon.
• What other nouns do you know are masculine?
LE
• 1. bateau• 2. journal• 3. bus• 4. cross• 5. jeu vidéo• 6. chocolat• 7. football américain• 8. chat
le
lele
le
lele
le
le
LE
• Since fille (snack bar) is femenine, how would you say the girl?
• La fille
• What other nouns do you know are femenine?
LE. LA. L’.
• 1. glace• 2. nourriture• 3. pizza• 4. natation• 5. musique• 6. fille• 7. porte• 8. chaise
la
lala
la
lala
la
la
LA
Reminder about plurals…
• But what if the noun is plural? For example, frites (fries).
• How would I say the fries?
• les frites
• (You can see that if a noun is plural, you don’t really need to know if it’s masculine or feminine in order to choose the correct article.)
• So when do we use l’ ?
• See if you can figure out the rule:• l’oiseau (m) = the bird• l’agrafeuse (f) = the stapler• l’école (f) = the school• What do these words have in
common?
LE. LA. L’.
• That’s right!! They all start with a vowel AND they are singular.
• Sooooo, l’ is used to mean the in front of a masculine or feminine noun starting with a vowel.
• “h”s are silent in french so this applies to words that start with “h” also• Exemple: l’horloge
LE. LA. L’.
Révision
• 1. _____ livre (m) = the book
• 2. _____ prix (m) = the price
• 3. _____ coupe glacée (f) = the ice cream sundae
• 4. _____boissons (f) = the drinks
• 5. _____oignons (m) = the onions
• 6. _____ ordinateur (m) = the computer
lelela
lesles
l’
Copiez
• Le w/ masculine, singular nouns
• La w/ femenine, singular nouns
• L’ w/ singular nouns that start with a vowel…(or “h”s)
• Les w/ plural nouns (m. or f.)
Vous êtes très intelligents!
• So let’s move on to indefinite articles…
Indefinite articles
• un, une & des are indefinite articles.(They don’t refer to any specific item—
any one will do.)
• Do you know what they mean?• un livre = a book• une portion = a serving• des frites = some fries
un, une, des
• Which one is used in front of a masculine singular noun?
• un
• Which one is used in front of a feminine singular noun?
• une
• So now I bet you can guess when to use des (some).
• That’s right! In front of a plural noun—either masculine or feminine!
How are your matching skills?
• 1. a piece• 2. the fries• 3. the piece• 4. an ice cream
sundae• 5. the order• 6. an order• 7. some desserts• 8. the desserts
• a) une commande• b) les desserts• c) un morceau• d) la commande• e) le morceau• f) une coupe
glacée• g) des desserts• h) les frites
vocabulaireles articles
• le• la• l’• les• un• une• des
• the (m.sing.)• the (f.sing.)• the (m/f + voyelle)• the (m/f pl.)• a/an (m.sing.)• a/an (f.sing.)• some (m/f pl.)
Notes (grammar section)Les articles
• Les articles définis: Definite articles.
• They refer to something definite.
• le - (m. sing.)
• la - (f. sing.)
• l’ - (m/f + vowel)
• les - (m/f pl.)
THE
• Ex. _______poulet
• _______pomme• _______oignon• _______frites• _______oignons
• the chicken
• the apple• the onion• the fries• the onions
le
les
la
l’
les
• Les articles indefinis: indefinite articles
• They refer to something unspecific. (Anyone will do.)
• un - (m. sing)
• une - (f. sing)
• des - (m/f pl.)
A, AN, SOME
• Our next lesson will cover the partitive articles du, de la, and de l’
Notes (grammaire section)les articles partitifs
• Les articles partitifs: Partitive articles.
• They are used when referring to only part of a given substance.
• du - (m. sing.)
• de la - (f. sing.)
• de l’ - (m/f + vowel)
• des - (m/f pl.)
SOME
ANY
• Ex. _______poulet
• _______pomme• _______oignon• _______frites• _______oignons
• some chicken
• some apple• some onion• some fries• some onions
du
des
de la
de l’
des
• Ex. I am eating some chicken.
• Je mange du poulet.
• (I am only eating a part of the chicken—not the whole thing.)
ATTENTION!
• In a negative sentence:
• du • de la de / d’• de l’• des• Ex. J’aime de la moutarde dans mon hot dog.• Je n’aime pas de moutarde dans mon hot dog.• Elle mange des oignons.• Elle ne mange pas d’oignons.
becomes
• While we’re at it….
• un de/d’• une (becomes)
in negative sentences.
Ex. J’ai un frère. I have a brother.
Je n’ai pas de frère. I don’t have a brother.
A pratiquer:• 1. I like (some)* mustard in my hot dog.• 2. We are eating (some) bread.• 3. We aren’t eating (any) bread.• 4. I don’t eat (any) onions.• 5. She eats (some)onions.• 6. They share (some) fries.• 7. They are sharing an ice-cream sundae.• 8. I am not sharing an ice-cream sundae. • *Note: In English, we don’t always say “some”
or “any”, but in French we always use the article before the noun.