MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING

SURVEYING 1

Field Work 1PACING ON LEVEL GROUND

COURSE AND SECTION: CE 120-0 / A2

SUBMITTED BY:

Name: DUGUIANG, MARC RAINIER B.

Group No: 4

DATE OF FIELD WORK: 02/03/2015 DATE OF SUBMISSION: 02/10/2015

SUBMITTED TO:

GRADE

ENGR. BIENVENIDO CERVANTES

Objectives:

1. To obtain individual pace factor.

2. To determine an unknown distance by individual pacing

Instruments:

1. 2 range poles

2. Chalk

3. 50 meter tape

FINAL DATA SHEET

FIELD WORK 1 PACING ON LEVEL GROUND

DATE: February 3, 2015 GROUP NO. 2TIME: 7:30AM - 12:00NN LOCATION: IntramurosWEATHER: SUNNY PROFESSOR: Engr. Cervantes

A. PACE FACTOR (P.F.) DETERMINATION

TRIAL LINETAPED

DISTANCENO. OF PACES

MEANPACE

FACTOR1 AB 50M 72

71.7 0.6972 BA 50M 743 AB 50M 73.54 BA 50M 715 AB 50M 68

B. COMPUTATIONS:

(72+74+73.5+71+68)/5 = 71.7

P.F. = 50/71.7 = 0.697

C. MEASURING DISTANCE BY PACING

TRIAL

LINE

NO. OF PACES

MEANPACE

FACTOR

PACED DISTANC

E

TAPED DISTANC

EERROR

1 CD 50

49.9 0.697 34.78 36.5 1/222 DC 493 CD 49.54 DC 505 CD 51

D. COMPUTATIONS:

(50+49+49.5+50+51)/5= 49.9

Paced Distance = 49.9 x 0.697 = 34.78

Error = 36.5-34.78 = 1/22 36.5

QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS:

1. Why is it important to know the individual’s pace factor?

- Knowing your pace factor is an advantage because it can be used as a tool in approximately measuring distances whenever other tools are not present. It is also convenient since your pace factor is just based on your natural way of walking.

2. Name three most important pointers that an individual must remember to follow in order to make his/her approximation of the distance of an unknown course to be as accurate as possible.

- In order to get accurate results you must : Walk naturally keeping your steps uniformed Walk in a straight path Do not get distracted by obtacles or other people passing

3. A student tries to measure the perimeter of a small park of his community by pacing around the area three consecutive times. The no. of paces was tallied at 535, 543, and 539 respectively, for each trial. If the student’s pace factor is 0.74 m/pace, determine the actual perimeter of the land.

535+543+539= 1617/3 =539

539 X .74 = 398.86

Perimeter = 398.86

4. Every morning Joy walks to school from her boarding house and takes only a single route. For five consecutive days, she tries to count the number of paces she makes. Monday morning’s number of paces made by Joy is listed as 345 paces. On Tuesday, 353 paces; Wednesday, 358 paces; Thursday, 348 paces and, lastly, on Friday 355 paces. That Friday afternoon, a surveyor from City Engineer’s Office who is tasked to lay out a new drainage piping system, measured the exact route she took and found out that the taped distance is 275 m. What is Joy’s pace factor?

Mean: 345+353+358+348+355= 1759/5 = 351.8

Distance: 275m/351.8 = 0.78m

Pace Factor: 0.78m

5. The table shown below was taken from Jack’s notes when he tried to determine the perimeter of his newly acquired agricultural piece of land. Knowing that his pace factor is 0.81, determine the perimeter of his lot. Complete the table:

TRIAL LINE NO. OF PACES

PACED FACTOR

PACED DISTANCE

PERIMETER

1 AB 125.25 101.45252 BC 85 68.853 CD 79.5 64.3954 DE 133 107.73

0.81 582.99755 EF 185 149.856 FG 112 90.72

Discussion:

This task is to determine the pace factor of each students therefor

this is done individually. A distance of 50 meters was marked on the ground

and each of us must walk from both points to complete 5 trials. The number

of steps should be counted from point A to B and then different count from

point B to A. The average of the steps was taken and then we need to get

the ratio of the distance over the number of steps so we can get our pace

factor. My observed and computed pace factor was 0.697.

In order to test the accuracy of each pace factor, an unknown

distance was marked by the leader on the ground and each member must

walk and determine how many steps it takes to complete one lap. Then we

get the average, and multiply it to our pace factor therefore we can get the

paced distance. The paced distance is then compared to the actual

distance and the percent error is computed. For this field work my error

was approximately 1/22, or I committed 1 error every 22 steps.

Conclusion:

Knowing your own pace factor is beneficial to any individual since it

can be used to approximately measure distances by simply walking and

counting their steps. It is like an instrument that can be used whenever you

are in the field and you forgot to bring your other measuring equipment.

To determine our pace factor and its accuracy, we must compute first

by walking at a known distance, then we test its accuracy by walking at an

unknown distance. Then compare the paced distance to actual distance.

To have an accurate pace factor, the computed error must not be greater

than 1/100.

Sources of error may come from distractions from your environment

since when measuring using your pace factor, you should make sure that

there are no obstacles that block your way. We must also walk as naturally

as we can when doing the trials in order to get uniform results

Overall the field work was successful and our individual pace factors

was determined. Although it is not that accurate, we can still use it in

approximately measuring distances we travel by walking every day. And it

can be of great advantage for future purposes.