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LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTGRADE 10 LEARNING COMPETENCIES

HEREDITY: INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

LC2. Explain how mutations may causechanges in the stuctue an! "unction o" apotein# (S10LT-III e38)

1. Mutat!"# $a" %e t&a"#'tte t! te "e*t+e"e&at!" !", te a&e /&e#e"t "

A. %&a" $e,,#$# sex cellsC. %! $e,,#D. 'u#$,e $e,,#

2. $ ! te !,,!"+ # NOT a $au#e !'utat!"# ! DNA

A. $e'$a,#. *-&a#C. u,t&a4!,et ,+tD# polyploi!y

3. Te at!"5 &e'!4a,5 !& #u%#ttut!" !"t&!+e"!u# %a#e# " a DNA '!,e$u,e 'a %e$au#e %

A# mutagenic agents. $,!""+C. 4e+etat4e /&!/a+at!"D. "!"#6u"$t!"

7. O4e&e*/!#u&e ! a"'a,# t! *-&a# # a"+e&!u#

%e$au#e *-&a# a&e "!" t! a'a+e DNA. A&e$t &e#u,t ! t# a'a+e # $e,,# t

A. u"u#ua,, t$ $e,, a,,#. "! !&+a"e,,e# " te $t!/,a#'C. a%"!&'a,, ,a&+e $,!&!/,a#t#D# changes in chomosome num%e o

stuctue9. D!":# #"&!'e # a" e*a'/,e ! $

$&!'!#!'e $!"t!"A. "4e!". #6u"$t!"C# non!is&unction

D. e,et!";. A #"+,e +e"e 'utat!" !u, '!#t ,e, !$$u&

A. 'e##e"+e&-RNA '!,e$u,e# te'/!&a&,%!" t! DNA '!,e$u,e#

. te $t!/,a#' ,a$# te a'"! a$#"e$e##a& t! #"te#ue"$e ! a#t&a" ! DNA # $a"+e &!' ATG t! ATC

A# The m(RNA will %e change! "om)*A*C to )*A*+#

. Te t-RNA ,, %e $a"+e &!'?AC t! TAC.

C. Te '-RNA ,, %e $a"+e &!'T?C t! T?G.

D. Te t-RNA ,, %e $a"+e &!'CA? t! CAC.

8. I" u'a"#5 D!" #"&!'e # !te" a &e#u,t !te

A. #6u"$t!" ! !'!,!+!u#$&!'!#!'e# u&"+ 'e!t$ $e,,4#!"

$# non!is&unction o" chomosomenum%e ,- in one o" the paents

C. $!'%"at!" ! a" e++ a" #/e&'5 ea$$a&&"+ a &e$e##4e a,,e,e !& t##!&e&

D. u#!" ! t! 2n +a'ete# u&"+e&t,

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19. Te e&e"$e " a'"! a$# "$ate " te$&$,e /!&t!" ! te a+&a' %e,! $au#e# a$a"+e " te #a/e ! &e %,!! $e,,#.

P!&t!" ! N!&'a, He'!+,!%"

P!&t!" ! A%"!&'a, He'!+,!%"

Amino Acids

G,u +,uta'$ a$H# #t"eLeu ,eu$"e

L# ,#"eP&! /&!,"eT& t&e!""eVa, 4a,"e

at # a /&!%a%,e $au#e ! t# e&e"$e "te e'!+,!%" '!,e$u,e#

A. a &e$e##4e a,,e,e ,!$ate !" te X-$&!'!#!'e

$# the su%stitution o" one 0in! o"nucleoti!e "o anothe in a DNAmolecule

C. te a,u&e ! $&!'!#!'e t! #e/a&ate

u&"+ $e,, 4#!"D. a" a%"!&'a, 'eta%!,#' !

/e",a,a""e1;. A a&!t/e # #!" " te a+&a' %e,!.

I"!&'at!" " t# a&!t/e "$ate# tat te"4ua, # a

A. 'a,e t #$,e-$e,, a"e'a. e'a,e t Ta-Sa$# #ea#eC# male with Down syn!omeD. e'a,e t /e",et!"u&a

1=. A a&!t/e # #!" " te a+&a' %e,!.

I"!&'at!" " t# a&!t/e "$ate# tat te"4ua, a# a $!"t!" "!" a#

A# Tune syn!ome. ,,a'# #"&!'eC. B,"ee,te& #"&!'eD. C&-u-$at #"&!'e

a#e !u& a"#e t! >ue#t!"# 18 t&!u+ 1@ !"te a+&a' %e,!. Te a+&a' #!# a u'a"

a&!t/e.

18. $ # $!&&e$t a%!ut te /e!" !' t#a&!t/e a# tae"

A. Te /e!" a# D!":# #"&!'e.. Te /e!" a# Tu&"e&:# #"&!'e.C# The peson has 1line"elte2s

syn!ome#D. Te /e!" a# a #e*-,"e $!"t!".

1@. $ ! te !,,!"+ # t&ue a%!ut t#$!"t!"

A. O"e $&!'!#!'e a# %ee" e,ete.

. O"e $&!'!#!'e a# %ee" "4e&te.C# This aose as a esult o"

non!is&unction#D. Te&e a# %ee" a t&a"#,!$at!".

20. at t/e ! 'utat!" e#$&%e# te $a"+e !

te #e>ue"$eOriginal DNA sequence:ATA CTT AGT GAAMutated DNA sequence:ATA CTT AGT CGTGAA

A. "4e!". e,et!"C. &a'e#t 'utat!" t a e,et!"D# "ameshi"t with an insetion

Val ThrGluGluProThrLeuHis

Val ThrGluValProThrLeuHis