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Indian Law ResearchIndian Law Research

Guide: Guide: Indian Law ResearchIndian Law Research

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DefinitionsDefinitions

IndianIndian Indian TribeIndian Tribe Federally Recognized TribeFederally Recognized Tribe Indian CountryIndian Country

– ReservationsReservations– Allotted landAllotted land– Dependent Indian communitiesDependent Indian communities

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Washington Washington ReservationsReservations

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Washington Reservations Washington Reservations – and the Lands the – and the Lands the Indians CededIndians Ceded

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Muckleshoot Muckleshoot ReservationReservation

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U.S. ReservationsU.S. Reservations

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SovereigntySovereignty

Indian tribes are sovereign:Indian tribes are sovereign:

– Inherent rights to self-Inherent rights to self-determinationdetermination

But federal government can limit But federal government can limit sovereigntysovereignty

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TreatiesTreaties

Pre-1871Pre-1871 See See links from guidelinks from guide Problem: find provisions in Problem: find provisions in

treaties with Northwest tribes treaties with Northwest tribes about fishing rights. Compare about fishing rights. Compare provisions for Duwamish, Makah, provisions for Duwamish, Makah, YakamaYakama

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Tribal CodesTribal Codes

See See links from guidelinks from guide Problem: Your client lives in Problem: Your client lives in

Sequim. She is afraid of her ex-Sequim. She is afraid of her ex-boyfriend who lives on the Makah boyfriend who lives on the Makah reservation. Can she petition for reservation. Can she petition for an order of protection?an order of protection?

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Federal Trust Federal Trust ResponsibilityResponsibility

“ “[The government’s] conduct, as [The government’s] conduct, as disclosed in the acts of those who disclosed in the acts of those who represent it in dealings with the represent it in dealings with the Indians, should . . . be judged by Indians, should . . . be judged by the most exacting fiduciary the most exacting fiduciary standards.” standards.”

Seminole Nation v. U.S.Seminole Nation v. U.S. (1942) (1942)

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JurisdictionJurisdiction

Civil / CriminalCivil / Criminal– PL 280 (1953)PL 280 (1953)

TribeTribe StateState FederalFederal

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Major Federal StatutesMajor Federal Statutes

Indian Civil Rights Act (1968)Indian Civil Rights Act (1968) Indian Self-Determination and Indian Self-Determination and

Education Assistance Act (1975)Education Assistance Act (1975) Indian Child Welfare Act (1978)Indian Child Welfare Act (1978) American Indian Religious Freedom American Indian Religious Freedom

Act (1978)Act (1978) Native American Graves Protection Native American Graves Protection

and Repatriation Act (1990)and Repatriation Act (1990)

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Hypo 1Hypo 1

Ingrid Hansen has been taking Ingrid Hansen has been taking care of her sister’s two children care of her sister’s two children while her sister was deployed in while her sister was deployed in Iraq. She has learned that her Iraq. She has learned that her sister was killed, and she would sister was killed, and she would like to make the custody like to make the custody permanent.permanent.

Questions?Questions?

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(Can you find Washington state (Can you find Washington state regs on adopting Indian children?)regs on adopting Indian children?)

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Hypo 2Hypo 2

The Hotel Employees and The Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees union has Restaurant Employees union has been approached by staff at the been approached by staff at the Tulalip Casino. Can the Tulalip Casino. Can the employees there unionize? Will employees there unionize? Will the NLRB have jurisdiction?the NLRB have jurisdiction?

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Indian Claims Indian Claims CommissionCommission

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BIABIA

Cobell litigationCobell litigation

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TaxesTaxes

Nat’l Council State Legislatures, Nat’l Council State Legislatures, Piecing Together the State-Tribal Piecing Together the State-Tribal Tax PuzzleTax Puzzle

Wash. Dep’t of Revenue: Wash. Dep’t of Revenue: – Indian CountryIndian Country– Indian Guide to Washington State ExIndian Guide to Washington State Ex

cise Taxes cise Taxes (2004)(2004)