Learning Objectives:

Learning Objectives:

• To understand a range of different

narrative techniques• To understand the representation of

men and apply our understanding to

Bourne Identity

Match the Words and DefinitionsMatch the Words and Definitions

• You have a range of different narrative techniques.

• You must match the key terms in the red box to the definitions.

Narrative TechniquesNarrative TechniquesMatch upMatch up

Binary Oppositions Where the narrative has a definitive ending and all problems are solved.

Multi-strand Where the narrative is open to be added on to; this could be in the form of a sequel. There isn’t a definitive ending.

Open Narrative Where the narrative is left open with the audience not knowing what will happen next. It is used to keep the audience interested in the hope that they will watch on.

Ellipsis A technique where the audience or the characters are led to believe something different; they are tricked or ‘led up the wrong garden path’.

Circular Narrative Where a text builds up a feeling of anxiety and uncertainty about the outcome amongst the audience. This could be through music, editing or the characters’ actions.

Closed Narrative Where there are a number of different stories within one media text.

Cliffhanger Where the narrative goes full circle and the ending/resolution is the same as beginning/equilibrium.

Red Herring A type of editing whereby a mixture of different shots/images, usually over time, are edited together to give the effect that time has passed.

Suspense A theory thought up by Levi-Strauss whereby opposites are used to create conflict and drive the narrative forward.

Montage A technique used to miss out big chunks of time.

Narrative TechniquesNarrative TechniquesClosed Narrative Where the narrative has a definitive ending and all problems are solved.

Open Narrative Where the narrative is open to be added on to; this could be in the form of a sequel. There isn’t a definitive ending.

Cliffhanger Where the narrative is left open with the audience not knowing what will happen next. It is used to keep the audience interested in the hope that they will watch on.

Red Herring A technique where the audience or the characters are led to believe something different; they are tricked or ‘led up the wrong garden path’.

Suspense Where a text builds up a feeling of anxiety and uncertainty about the outcome amongst the audience. This could be through music, editing or the characters’ actions.

Multi-strand Where there are a number of different stories within one media text.

Circular Narrative Where the narrative goes full circle and the ending/resolution is the same as beginning/equilibrium.

Montage A type of editing whereby a mixture of different shots/images, usually over time, are edited together to give the effect that time has passed.

Binary Oppositions A theory thought up by Levi-Strauss whereby opposites are used to create conflict and drive the narrative forward.

Ellipsis A technique used to miss out big chunks of time.

Bourne IdentityBourne Identity• How did the film use Todorov’s structure?

• What ‘stock characters’ were identifiable?

• Which binary oppositions are included and what effect do they have?

• Name three narrative techniques (from our starter) that you can apply to the film.

• Challenge: What effect do the narrative techniques have for the audience?

How are these being represented?How are these being represented?

Recap: What is Representation?Recap: What is Representation?• The way in which people, place or events are shown,

portrayed or represented.

• Representation goes through a process of mediation – to give a specific meaning.

Key Words:Key Words:Positive• Negative• Stereotype

Representation of Male CharactersRepresentation of Male Characters

List how the above characters are represented.Key Words:Key Words:

Positive NegativePatriarchal Dominant

Hero Villain

Heroes:Spider-Man

Indiana JonesBatman

Luke SkywalkerJames Bond

Practically ApplyPractically Apply

• From your analysis of the still images, use your knowledge of Bourne Identity explain how the hero, Jason Bourne, is represented.

Quick QuizQuick Quiz

1. Which theorist came up with the idea that a narrative must contain ‘stock characters’?

1. Name three of the ‘stock characters’.

2. What are the three parts of Todorov’s structure?

3. What did Levi-Strauss say ‘drives’ the narrative?

4. Name two other techniques a narrative may use.

Extension: What effect do these techniques have for an audience?