gel electrophoresis
TRANSCRIPT
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JESSICA PARTIN
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
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o A method used in biology to separate DNA strands to create a DNA fingerprinto Separates the DNA by size lengths o Uses an electric current to separate DNA
WHAT IS GEL ELECTROPHORESIS?
FINAL PRODUCT
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Extract DNA from organism and place
in tubes
STEP 1
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
STEP 2
(this is before the process of gel electrophoresis)
*this is used to make millions of copies of the DNA
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PCR STEPS Denature= rips apart DNA
Lasts about 1 minute At about 94˚F
Annealing= starts the coping DNALasts about 45 secondsAt about 54˚F
Extension= finishes copying DNALasts about 3-5 minutesAt about 72˚F
Repeat 30-40 times
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STEP 3
Place restriction enzymes in DNA
(This cuts the DNA into different lengths)
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STEP 4
Dye the DNA and place it into gel
(the gel is usually agarose gel)
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STEP 5
Run electrical current though gel
(negative to positive)
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STEP 6
Place in stain, then under UV lighting.
The smallest DNA fragments move the fastest and farthest
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USES Evidence in criminal cases To determine paternity To diagnose genetic diseases Help to determine kinship in animals
Compare similarities and differences between species
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PROS VS. CONSSmall amount of
starting material (DNA) needed
DNA can be detected regardless of size
of DNA
Hazardous material
Expensive
Very time consuming
*The Macgyver Project used gel electrophoresis
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FUNNIES;)
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GO TO THIS WEBSITE:
learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/gel
This is a very helpful interactive site that I got most of my information from. If you would like to know more about gel electrophoresis in more detail, I highly suggest this site!