general lecture - the spanish language and language learning 2

8/7/2019 General Lecture - The Spanish Language and Language Learning 2

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SPANISH YEAR 1 GENERALSPANISH YEAR 1 GENERAL

LECTURESLECTURES

20102010--20112011

THE SPANISH LANGUAGE ANDTHE SPANISH LANGUAGE AND

LANGUAGE LEARNING 2: THELANGUAGE LEARNING 2: THEPHONOLOGY OF SPANISHPHONOLOGY OF SPANISH


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What is phonology?What is phonology?

The study of the minimal contrastive units ofThe study of the minimal contrastive units of

sound of a language: itssound of a language: its phonemes.phonemes.

The minimum unit which can change oneThe minimum unit which can change oneword into another.word into another.


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What is phonemic script?What is phonemic script?

AAsystematicsystematic means of representingmeans of representing

phonemes in written form.phonemes in written form.

Whataboutthealphabet?Whataboutthealphabet? Whats the most common sound in English?Whats the most common sound in English?

How do you write it? (Does it exist inHow do you write it? (Does it exist inSpanish?)Spanish?)

What about ghoti, etc.?What about ghoti, etc.?


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The parameters ofsoundsThe parameters ofsounds

VowelsVowels

Long or short.Long or short.

Front, central or back.Front, central or back. High or low.High or low.

Rounded or spread lips.Rounded or spread lips.


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e. g. peel. Long, front, high, spread.e. g. peel. Long, front, high, spread.

e.g. pull. Short, back, high, rounded.e.g. pull. Short, back, high, rounded.

e.g. palm. Long, back, low, neutral.e.g. palm. Long, back, low, neutral.


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ConsonantsConsonants

Voiced or voiceless.Voiced or voiceless.

Position of articulation.Position of articulation.

Manner of articulation.Manner of articulation.


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Voiceless, alveolar, fricative.Voiceless, alveolar, fricative.

Voiced, alveolar, fricative.Voiced, alveolar, fricative.

Voiceless, alveolar, stop.Voiceless, alveolar, stop.

Voiced, alveolar, stop.Voiced, alveolar, stop.


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The phonemes ofSpanish.The phonemes ofSpanish.

The vowels.The vowels.

Vicks.Vicks. High, front, spread.High, front, spread.

Seat.Seat. Front, spread.Front, spread.

Ajax.Ajax. Central, low.Central, low.

Colgate.Colgate. Back.Back.

Cuba.Cuba. High, back.High, back.


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The consonants: principalThe consonants: principal

phonemic differences fromphonemic differences from

English.English.

writtenas writtenas

cf. Englishonioncf. Englishonion // n/n/

aoao cancan


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xx writtenas j org voiceless, velar,writtenas j org voiceless, velar,

fricativefricative

ajaxajax QuijoteQuijote JapnJapn

EgiptoEgipto gitanogitano JorgeJorge


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writtenaswrittenas rr voiced, alveolar, flapvoiced, alveolar, flap

peropero corocoro parteparte

rr writtenaswrittenas rrororrrrr voiced,voiced,alveolar, trillalveolar, trill

perroperro corrocorro rpidorpido

hablarhablar


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Themain sound/spellingThemain sound/spelling

relationshipsrelationships N.B. Sound/spelling relationships areN.B. Sound/spelling relationships are

100% regular and logical in Spanish.100% regular and logical in Spanish.

VowelsVowels

The five vowels are more or lessThe five vowels are more or less

ALWAYS pronounced as describedALWAYS pronounced as describedabove.above.


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SilentlettersSilentletters

Theletterh is always silent.Theletterh is always silent.

hombrehombre hablarhablar almohadaalmohada THERE ARE NO OTHER SILENTTHERE ARE NO OTHER SILENT

LETTERS IN SPANISH (excepttheu inLETTERS IN SPANISH (excepttheu in

gue/gui).gue/gui).


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ConsonantsConsonants

s is almostalways pronounced/s/, nots is almostalways pronounced/s/, not

/z/./z/. casacasa IsabelIsabel dosdos


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z is always pronounced/z is always pronounced/// (Spain)(Spain)

zoozoo cervezacerveza zepelnzepeln

c is pronounced/k/beforea, ooru.c is pronounced/k/beforea, ooru.

casacasa capitalcapital CrdobaCrdoba ColombiaColombia

cucarachacucaracha cuccuc


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c is pronounced/c is pronounced/// beforeeor i.beforeeor i.

celtacelta cervezacervezacelebracincelebracin cinecine civilcivil

v is always pronounced/b/v is always pronounced/b/ autobsautobs bastabasta

y is pronounced/j/y is pronounced/j/

yateyate yogayoga


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qu is pronouncedqu is pronounced

QuijoteQuijote quieroquiero quioscoquiosco

gue + gui haveno/w/gue + gui haveno/w/ guerraguerra guerrillaguerrilla GuineaGuinea

GuillermoGuillermo

Otherwiseua, ue, ui, anduo includeOtherwiseua, ue, ui, anduo include/w//w/

GuantanameraGuantanamera puertapuerta fuifuicuotacuota


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Stress (notthatkind)Stress (notthatkind)

Apartfromthebasics oftheApartfromthebasics ofthe

pronunciationof individual sounds,pronunciationof individual sounds,

stress is the singlemost importantstress is the singlemost importantaspectofpronunciation in Spanish.aspectofpronunciation in Spanish.

Whereyou seeanaccent, thats whereWhereyou seeanaccent, thats where

the stress is.the stress is.

CdizCdiz MjicoMjico PerPer JapnJapn

difcildifcil fcilfcil


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AND FINALLY .AND FINALLY .

WORK ON PRONUNCIATION IN THEWORK ON PRONUNCIATION IN THE

EARLY STAGES. ESTABLISH DECENTEARLY STAGES. ESTABLISH DECENT

PRONUNCIATIONPRONUNCIATION NOWNOW, RATHER THAN, RATHER THANTRYING TO RECTIFY ENTRENCHEDTRYING TO RECTIFY ENTRENCHED

PROBLEMS LATER!PROBLEMS LATER!

general lecture - the spanish language and language learning 2

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