genesee, lapeer, and shiawassee county traffic safety...
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Genesee, Lapeer, and Shiawassee County Traffic Safety PlanApril 2017
Prepared by Atkins for GLS Region V and MDOT
Genesee-Lapeer-Shiawassee Region V Planning & Development Commission1101 Beach Street, Room 223 Flint, Michigan 48502-1470Phone: 810-257-3010 Fax: 810-257-3185http://gcmpc.org/
Michigan Department of TransportationState Transportation Building425 W. Ottawa St.P.O. Box 30050Lansing, MI 48909http://www.michigan.gov/mdo
This report was prepared by:Atkins Michigan, Inc. Jeffrey S. Bagdade, PE, P.Eng., PTOE Adam McArthur, PEKajal Patel, PE
Thank you to our many stakeholders who provided input to develop the Genesee-Lapeer-Shiawassee Region V Traffic Safety Plan, including the Traffic Safety Stakeholder Group.
Member agency:
AAA Michigan
City of Burton
City of Flint
City of Grand Blanc
City of Imlay City
City of Lapeer
City of Montrose
City of Swartz Creek
Clayton Township
Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commission
Genesee County Road Commission
Genesee Township
Grand Blanc Township
Greater Lapeer Transportation Authority
Imlay City Community Schools
Lapeer Community Schools
Lapeer County Road Commission
Michigan Department of Transportation
Michigan Department of State
Michigan State Police
Mt. Morris Township
Mundy Township
Perry Township
Shiawassee County Road Commission
State Senator Jim Ananich
Village of Goodrich
Table of ContentsExecutive Summary .............................................................. 1Regional Traffic Safety Policies .............................................. 2Connections with Other Regional Plans .................................. 3Chapter 1. Introduction ......................................................... 4
Background ...................................................................... 4Vision and Targets ............................................................ 6
Chapter 2. Analyze Traffic Safety Data .................................. 7Crash Frequency .............................................................. 7Crash Rates ..................................................................... 9
Chapter 3. Emphasis Areas .................................................. 10Intersection...................................................................... 12
Strategies ................................................................... 13Lane Departure ................................................................ 16
Background ................................................................. 16Strategies ................................................................... 16
Drivers Age 24 and Younger .............................................. 17Background ................................................................. 17Key Facts ................................................................... 18Drivers Age 24 and Younger Countermeasures and Strategies ................................................................... 18
Impaired Driving ................................................................ 20Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety ............................................ 23
Chapter 4. Additional Emphasis Areas .................................... 27Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety ....................................... 27
Key Facts ................................................................... 27Strategies ................................................................... 28
Distracted Driving ............................................................ 29Strategies ................................................................... 29
Motorcycle Safety ............................................................ 30Key Facts ................................................................... 30Strategies ................................................................... 31
Occupant Protection ......................................................... 31Strategies ................................................................... 32
Senior Mobility and Safety (Ages 65 and Older) ................... 32Key Facts ................................................................... 32Strategies ................................................................... 33
Speed Management .......................................................... 33Strategies ................................................................... 34
Traffic Incident Management ............................................. 35Strategies ................................................................... 35
Traffic Records and Information Systems ............................ 35Strategies ................................................................... 36
Chapter 5. Systemic and Spot Location Crash Analysis ........... 37Deficiency Ranking ............................................................ 37Definition from HSM (4-12) ................................................ 37
Excess Expected Average Crash Frequency Using Safety Performance Functions (SPF) ............................. 37Level of Service Safety ................................................. 37LOSS Ranking ............................................................. 38
Analysis Process .............................................................. 38Chapter 6. Implementation and Evaluation of the Plan .............. 44Appendices .......................................................................... 45Appendix A: Crash Data for the Region ................................. 46Appendix B: County Maps ..................................................... 52Appendix C: Prioritized List of Locations for Implementation ... 67Appendix D: GLS Region V Countermeasures Benefits ............. 75Appendix E: Potential Funding Sources ................................... 78
Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) ............... 78Highway Safety Implementation Program ........................ 78
Appendix F: Summary of Stakeholder Meetings 1 and 2 ........... 81GLS Region V Stakeholder Meeting # 1 .......................... 81List of Concerns from Stakeholders ............................... 81GLS Region V Stakeholder Meeting # 2 .......................... 82
Appendix G: Proposed Engineering Countermeasures ............... 86Appendix H: Preliminary Roundabout Screening Using HSM ..... 92
List of TablesTable 1: Percentage Distribution of Crashes by County, 2010-2014............................. 8Table 2: Fatal and Serious Injury Crash Frequency by County, 2010-2014 .................... 8Table 3: Emphasis Areas Crash Percent, 2010-2014* ..............................................11Table 4: Percentage Distribution of Intersection Crashes by County, 2010-2014 .........12Table 5: Percentage Distribution of Intersection Crashes in the Region by Crash Type, 2010-2014 ...........................................................................................................12Table 6: Percentage Distribution of Lane Departure Crashes by County, 2010-2014 ....16Table 7: Percentage Distribution of Young Drivers by County, 2010-2014 ...................18Table 8: Reviewed Countermeasures ........................................................................19Table 9: Percentage Distribution of Alcohol-Related Impaired Crashes by County, 2010-2014 .......................................................................................................... 21Table 10: Percentage Distribution of Drug-Related Impaired Crashes by County, 2010-2014 .......................................................................................................... 21Table 11: Percentage Distribution of Pedestrian Crashes by County, 2010-2014 ......... 23Table 12: Percentage Distribution of Bicycle by County, 2010-2014 .......................... 24Table 13: Percentage Distribution of Commercial Motor Vehicle Crashes by County, 2010-2014 .......................................................................................................... 28Table 14: Percentage Distribution of Motorcycle Crashes by County, 2010-2014 ....... 30Table 15: Percentage Distribution of Senior Driver Crashes by County, 2010-2014..... 32Table A-1: GLS Region V Characteristics ................................................................. 46Table A-2: GLS Region V Characteristics Percentage Compare to Michigan ................ 46Table C-1 Priority Urban Intersection List ................................................................ 67Table C-2: Priority Rural Intersection List ................................................................ 68Table C-3 Priority Freeway Segments Systemic List ................................................. 69Table C-4 Priority Freeway Segments Spot List ....................................................... 70Table C-5 Priority Non- Freeway Segments Spot List ................................................71Table C-6 Priority Non- Freeway Segments Systemic List ......................................... 72Table C-7 Priority Pedestrian Safety List ................................................................. 73Table C-8 Priority Bicycle Safety List .......................................................................74Table G-1 Signalized Intersection Focused Countermeasures ..................................... 86Table G-2 Stop Controlled Intersection Focused Countermeasures ............................ 88Table G-3 Lane Departure Focused Countermeasures .............................................. 89Table G-4 Pedestrian Focused Engineering Countermeasures .................................... 90
List of FiguresFigure 1: Steps for Traffic Safety Plan ...................................................................... 1Figure 2: Safety Plan Process .................................................................................. 5Figure 3: Overview of GLS Region V Counties ........................................................... 5Figure 4: Traffic Crash Severity in GLS Region V, 2010-2014 ..................................... 7Figure 5: Fatal and Serious Injury Five Year Moving Average Crash Frequency in GLS Region V, 2010-2014 ...................................................................................... 8Figure 6: Fatal and Serious Injury Crash Rate by County, 2010-2014 .......................... 9Figure 7: Pedestrian Injuries at Impact Speeds ......................................................... 25Figure 8: Vehicle Speed and Stopping Sight Distance ................................................ 34Target Setting Using Prediction Interval for Fatalities ................................................47Target Setting Using Prediction Interval for A-Injuries ................................................47Figure A-1: Fatal and Serious Injury Crash Frequency, 2004-2014 ............................ 48Figure A-2: Total Crash Rate by County, 2010-2014 ............................................... 48Figure A-3: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Percent Crash Type, 2010-2014 ................ 49Figure A-4: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Crash Type by Month, 2010-2014 .............. 49Figure A-5: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Crash Type by Week, 2010-2014 ............... 50Figure A-6: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Percent Crash by Time of Day, 2010-2014 . 50Figure A-7: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Percent Crash by Age Group, 2010-2014 ....51
1 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Executive SummaryTraffic crashes are the leading cause of death for Michiganders under the age of 45. Traffic crashes produce not only personal tragedy, but increased burdens on the region due to medical and insurance costs, lost production potential, and delay of passengers and freight.
A Regional Traffic Safety Plan (RTSP) is a locally coordinated effort that assists local agencies in taking a proactive stance in reducing and preventing local road fatalities and injuries. The plan provides an opportunity to improve relationships among stakeholders by working through a collaborative process, which results in improved road safety benefiting everyone. Developing an RTSP consists of a general six-step process as identified in Figure 1.
6. Implement, Evaluate, and Update RTSP
5. Prioritize and Incorporate Strategies
4. Identify Strategies
3. Determine Emphasis Areas
2. Analyze Safety Data
1. Establish Leadership
Figure 1: Steps for Traffic Safety Plan
The purpose of creating the Genesee, Lapeer, and Shiawassee (GLS) Region V Traffic Safety Plan is to identify the unique issues and assist with making informed safety investment decisions to reduce fatalities and serious injuries for all road users.
The GLS Region V and the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) partnered, and Atkins was hired to develop this plan. The Traffic Safety Stakeholder Group was assembled to provide input on the key elements of the plan, identify region specific challenges, and help with the implementation of this plan. This RTSP is data-driven and establishes a vision, targets, emphasis areas, and strategies. This plan integrates strategies from the four E’s of traffic safety:
l Engineering, l Enforcement, l Education, and l Emergency Medical Services.
The emphasis areas were selected based on the crash data trends and stakeholder input. The Traffic Safety Stakeholder Group prioritized five traffic crash emphasis areas for GLS Region V, including:
l Intersection lImpaired driving l Lane departure lPedestrian l Drivers age 24 and younger
2 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
This RTSP includes a list of strategies that are focused on addressing each of the emphasis areas. Strategy selection was also based on stakeholder input, with special consideration for their effective and validated practices. This plan includes lists of key locations (corridors and intersections) that will benefit from both systemic and spot safety improvements that help to achieve the RTSP goals mention under vision and targets section of this plan.
Regional Traffic Safety PoliciesIn addition to the specific four E’s mitigating strategies included in this plan, several regional safety policies have been developed to guide plan implementation.
1. Apply a comprehensive, integrated approach when addressing highway safety problems that includes the vehicle, driver, other road users, and roadway elements through a combination of engineering, education, enforcement, and emergency services solutions.
2. Focus safety funding on high-priority road segments, intersections, and initiatives as identified in the GLS Region V Traffic Safety Plan.
3. Educate road users on their role and responsibilities in traffic safety, including distracted driving.
4. Promote and educate residents on safe walking and bicycling as a means to improve the health of residents, reduce traffic congestion, and provide viable alternatives to driving.
5. Incorporate elements of complete streets and green streets to holistically manage the transportation system for all users and reduce conflicts between vehicles, transit, rail, and non-motorized modes of travel.
6. Increase connectivity and accessibility for all modes of the transportation system to core services in Genesee, Lapeer and Shiawassee Counties, including hospitals, educational institutions, job centers, grocery stores, downtowns, and parks as a mechanism of improving safety
7. Coordinate with stakeholders, including the Governor’s Traffic Safety Advisory Commission (GTSAC), local government, road agencies, advocacy groups, and other public and private entities, on safety implementation activities.
8. Support and promote the use of transportation-related technologies and travel demand management techniques that lead to safer, more efficient, and more economical highway systems in the region.
9. Support traffic incident management that is designed to facilitate the safety of motorists and first responders as well as the expeditious restoration of traffic flow stemming from both major and minor traffic incidents back to normal conditions.
3 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Connections with Other Regional PlansThis plan will integrate with the safety issues exhibited in the following plans:
l 2040 Genesee County Long Range Transportation Plan (http://gcmpc.org/2040-long-range-transportation-plan/),
l Genesee County Transportation Improvement Program (http://gcmpc.org/transportation-improvement-program/),
l Genesee County Regional Trail Plan (http://gcmpc.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/2014-Genesee-County-Regional-Non-Motorized-Tech-Report_January20151.pdf), and
l Accelerate: Economic Development Strategy and Prosperity Plan for the I-69 Thumb Region (http://i-69thumbregion.org/the-plan/).
4 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Chapter 1. IntroductionLocal practitioners play a critical role in addressing crash risks at the local level. A RTSP provides the framework for local agency practitioners to take a proactive stance to identify the specific or unique conditions that contribute to crashes within their jurisdictions. This approach provides an opportunity for safety stakeholders and involved agencies at all levels of government to work together to align and leverage resources to address the safety challenges unique to their region.
BackgroundIn 2015, 963 people were killed in traffic crashes in Michigan. More than five percent of these fatalities occurred in the three counties (Genesee, Lapeer, and Shiawassee) that constitute GLS Region V. GLS Region V has around six percent of the state’s traffic volume and population. Traffic crashes are the leading cause of death for Michiganders under the age of 45. Traffic crashes produce not only personal tragedy, but increased burdens on the region due to medical and insurance costs, lost production potential, and delay of passengers and freight.
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) rolled out the Toward Zero Deaths (TZD): A National Strategy on Highway Safety in 2015 nationwide. The TZD initiative provides the national vision for driving the decline in fatal and serious injury crashes.
The GTSAC developed the Michigan Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) as a result of the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users. The SHSP is a statewide, coordinated safety plan that provides a comprehensive framework for reducing highway fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads. The SHSP allows highway safety programs and partners in the state to work together in an effort to align goals, leverage resources, and collectively address the state’s safety challenges. In Michigan, TZD is at the basis of the SHSP. MDOT, in coordination with the GTSAC, is leading the promotion of TZD in the state.
To address traffic safety issues at a regional level, MDOT is developing 14 RTSPs based on the State Planning and Development Regions for the entire state of Michigan. For this plan, GLS Region V and MDOT partnered to develop the GLS Region V Traffic Safety Plan to address this region’s unique traffic safety issues and challenges.
5 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Figure 2: Safety Plan Process
MDOT
EstablishLeadership/MPO
Stakeholder Group
Engineering
EducationEmergency Response
Enforcement
Initial ProcessPurpose,
Vision & Targets
Benchmark Data
Key Issues
Identify Strategies
+
+
=Road Safety PlanRTP & TIP
MPO
MDOT
Communities
Planning Partners
Funding TAPHighway Safety Improvement
Program
Other Funding Sources
Project Selection
Safety Plan Process
A diverse Traffic Safety Stakeholder group was formed to provide input to the plan, which consisted of safety stakeholders and partners from various local agencies including engineering, education, enforcement, EMS sectors as well as elected officials. Stakeholders provided input on traffic safety challenges, prioritized emphasis areas, and will also help with follow-up implementation.
Figure 3: Overview of GLS Region V Counties
As mentioned earlier, this safety plan identifies the region’s key safety issues and guides investment decisions to reduce fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads. This safety plan is data-driven
Superior
North
Grand Bay
Southwest University
Metro
Ionia
Gogebic
Ontonagon
Houghton
Keweenaw
Baraga
IronMarquette Alger
DeltaSchoolcra
ft
Luce
Mackinac
Chippewa
Menom
inee
PresqueIsleCh
eboy
ganEmmet
Charlevoix
Antrim Otsego
Dickinson
Mont-morency
Alpena
Leelan
au
BenzieGrandTraverse Kalkaska Crawford Oscoda
Alcona
IoscoOgemaw
Roscommon
Missaukee
WexfordManistee
Mason Lake Osceola Clare GladwinArenac
Oceana Newaygo Mecosta Isabella Midland Bay
Huron
SanilacTuscola
Muskegon
Kent
Montcalm Gratiot Saginaw
SaintClair
MacombOakland
Livingston
InghamEaton
Ottawa Clinton
Shiawasse
e GeneseeLapeer
Allegan Barry
Van BurenKalamazoo
Calhoun Jackson Washtenaw Wayne
Berrien CassSaintJoseph Branch Hillsdale Lenawee Monroe
6 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
and establishes a vision, targets, and key emphasis areas that integrate the four E’s of safety – engineering, education, enforcement, and emergency medical services. This plan includes higher level regional crash data analysis, summaries of key safety issues, and a series of short-term and long-term strategies to improve safety within each emphasis area. Once the plan is complete, GLS Region V and its stakeholders are responsible for implementing, evaluating and updating the RTSP. An RTSP is a living document. The stakeholder group should review the RTSP, examine progress, and evaluate the effectiveness of the plan. The stakeholder group can also suggest changes or modifications to the plan if needed to address changing needs of the region and its priorities.
Vision and TargetsThe plan’s vision is outlined below. This vision is consistent with the statewide traffic safety vision outlined within the Michigan SHSP.
Toward Zero Deaths on Genesee, Lapeer and Shiawassee Roadways
The Toward Zero Deaths (TZD) National Strategy on Highway Safety (the National Strategy) provides a common vision that drives and focuses efforts to achieve the shared goal among various stakeholders to eliminate injuries and fatalities on all public roadways.
In order to achieve the TZD vision, local agencies and stakeholders must aggressively work toward intermediate targets specific to GLS Region V. The targets established are:
Reduce traffic fatalities by 5 percent by 2019
Reduce serious traffic injuries by 10 percent by 2019
The method used to set the targets is consistent with the proposed rules within Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). The rules require the use of a five-year rolling average of crashes to smooth out any anomalous jumps or drops in the data. The rules also specify that the above performance measure analysis is done using the prediction interval of the data, not just the linear regression. As mentioned earlier, GLS Region V has around six percent of the state’s traffic volume. Appendix A has graphs that illustrates how above targets for fatalities and serious injuries were calculated. Five-year rolling average of crashes from 2004-2015 were used;, based on the observed trends logarithmic regression and prediction interval, more realistic targets were set for 2015-2019. This is because the number of crashes tends to rise and fall with the annual traffic volume, which is largely dependent on the economy.
7 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Chapter 2. Analyze Traffic Safety DataSafety data analysis will identify the safety issues and emphasis areas that the region should address. The analysis used in the development of this RTSP looked at the bigger picture and does not focus on analyzing crash data for a specific site. Crash data is the most useful to identify safety issues, select appropriate countermeasures, and evaluate performance. It also allows agencies to track progress in implementing safety measures. Five years of crash data were used to identify trends.
There are several methods used when measuring crash data. This chapter focuses on crash frequency and crash rate. Additional crash data analysis can be found in Appendix A.
Crash FrequencyCrash frequency is the sum of all traffic crashes in an area or at a specific location.
Figure 4 illustrates the severity of the region’s traffic crashes. Between 2010 and 2014, over 14,000 traffic crashes occurred each year in GLS Region V. Of those crashes, 1.7 percent resulted in a fatality (K) or serious injury (A) each year. Figure 5 outlines the five-year moving average for the frequency of K/A crashes, where the trend is decreasing for serious injuries and remaining steady for fatalities.
GLS Region V accounts for five percent of the statewide severe crashes. Table 1 illustrates the percentage distribution of crashes by county for total crashes and K + A crashes in each county while Table 2 shows the frequency of K/A crashes in each county by year. Fatal and serious injury crashes decreased for GLS Region V in 2014.
Figure 4: Traffic Crash Severity in GLS Region V, 2010-2014
Serious Injury (A), 1.4%Fatal (K), 0.3%
Injury (B-C), 18.8%
Property Damage Only,
79.5%
8 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Figure 5: Fatal and Serious Injury Five Year Moving Average Crash Frequency in GLS Region V, 2010-2014
70
64
60
57
5249 49
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2004-2008 2005-2009 2006-2010 2007-2011 2008-2012 2009-2013 2010-2014
Serious Fatal
Table 1: Percentage Distribution of Crashes by County, 2010-2014
County Total Crashes Percent K + AShiawassee 13% 20%Genesee 68% 59%Lapeer 19% 21%GLS Region V (Compare to Michigan) 5% 5%
Table 2: Fatal and Serious Injury Crash Frequency by County, 2010-2014
County 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Shiawassee 49 58 49 56 40Genesee 162 169 138 153 125Lapeer 52 64 57 46 50GLS Region V Total 263 291 244 255 215Michigan Total 5665 5440 5410 5192 4851
9 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Crash RatesCrash rate is a measure of safety that takes into consideration crash frequency and traffic volume. Figure 6 illustrates the K and A combined rate by county per 100 million vehicle miles traveled. Crash rates are calculated based on Michigan’s Highway Performance Management System (HPMS) traffic volume data. The red line indicates the GLS Region V average (4.52). The GLS Region V crash rate is lower than State of Michigan, which is 5.58.
Figure 6: Fatal and Serious Injury Crash Rate by County, 2010-2014
6.63
3.74
6.26
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
Shiawassee Genesee Lapeer
Regional Average (4.52)
10 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Chapter 3. Emphasis Areas An emphasis area is an area of opportunity to improve safety through a comprehensive four E approach, where appropriate. The emphasis areas are consistent with trends identified by data analysis and the stakeholder working group.
Four E’s of Safety:
1. Education: ¢ Provide drivers with information about making good choices, such as not texting while
driving, avoiding alcohol or medications affecting level of consciousness, wearing a seatbelt, or informing people about the rules of the road.
2. Enforcement: ¢ Deter motorists from risky driving behavior with traffic laws and a visible police presence.
3. Engineering: ¢ Address roadway infrastructure improvements to prevent crashes or reduce their severity when they occur.
4. Emergency services: ¢ Provide rapid response and quality of care when responding to collisions causing injury
by stabilizing victims and transporting them to other facilities.
Combining the efforts of multiple strategies, such as education and enforcement, can increase the likelihood of success when improving safety. Five high-priority emphasis areas were chosen for the plan, with each reflecting local issues identified by the stakeholder group and also to better utilize limited resources (financial, expertise, and time) available to put them into practice. Additional emphasis areas were also included in the plan to be consistent with the statewide funding structure.
11 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table 3: Emphasis Areas Crash Percent, 2010-2014*
Crashes by Involvement
Percent Crashes Percent K+AGLS Region V Michigan GLS Region V Michigan
Intersection 30% 29% 30% 32%Drivers age 24 and Younger 33% 33% 33% 34%
Lane Departure 22% 19% 42% 40%Pedestrian 1% 1% 10% 10%Alcohol 4% 3% 22% 19%Senior Driver (65 and older) 15% 14% 16% 16%
Motorcycle 1% 1% 12% 12%Drugs 1% 1% 8% 6%Commercial Truck/Bus 3% 4% 4% 6%
Bicycle 0% 1% 3% 3%
* Most crashes have multiple factors
High Priority Emphasis Areas
1) Intersection2) Lane departure3) Drivers age 24 and younger4) Impaired driving5) Pedestrian and bicycle safety
Additional Emphasis Areas
1) Commercial motor vehicle safety2) Distracted driving3) Motorcycle safety4) Occupant protection5) Senior mobility and safety (age 65 and older)6) Speed management 7) Traffic incident management 8) Traffic records and information systems
12 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
IntersectionIntersections are planned points of conflict in any roadway system where people – whether in motor vehicles, commercial vehicles, walking, or biking – cross paths as they travel through or turn from one route to another. A major part of addressing road safety challenges involves intersections. Intersections make up an extremely small portion of the overall roadway network, yet over the past five years more than a quarter of traffic fatalities and serious injuries are attributed to these locations. Furthermore, congestion at intersections is an issue when traffic volumes are high, creating inefficiency that results in user delay and frustration. They are a focal point for both safety and operations.
Strategies to address intersection safety are diverse, with most using an engineering-based approach, including alternative geometric designs and the application of traffic control devices (such as signs, markings, and signals). Nationally, the FHWA states that, “one-quarter of traffic fatalities and roughly half of all traffic injuries are attributed to intersections.” In Michigan, intersections are involved in nearly 29 percent of all traffic crashes, with 26 and 39 percent for fatal and injury crashes, respectively.
Key Findings
lMore than a quarter of all fatalities in GLS Region V occur at an intersection l Over 30 percent of all serious injury crashes in GLS Region V occur at intersections l Genesee County has higher intersection-related crash numbers when compared to the region
Table 4: Percentage Distribution of Intersection Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-InjuriesShiawassee 17% 24% 30%Genesee 35% 27% 34%Lapeer 18% 27% 25%GLS Region V Average 30% 27% 31%Michigan Average 29% 26% 33%
Table 5: Percentage Distribution of Intersection Crashes in the Region by Crash Type, 2010-2014
Crash Type Crashes Fatalities A-InjuriesSingle Vehicle 10% 22% 20%Angle 37% 49% 48%Rear-end 32% 8% 11%Head-on Left Turn 8% 12% 12%Head-on 1% 5% 4%Sideswipe 9% 2% 2%Other or Unknown 4% 3% 3%
13 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
StrategiesDevelop a region-wide intersection inventory. Similar to roadway segments, limited roadway attribute data is available related to intersections. For the federal-aid system, data such as traffic volume, functional classification, and number of lanes is available within the FHWA HPMS. MDOT has some data related to the trunkline network. A regional intersection database should be developed to support more detailed analysis of intersection crashes utilizing MDOT’s new statewide safety performance functions (SPF). Most of the data could be collected utilizing geographic information system mapping and online tools. The following is an initial list of data required for use in the new SPF, which should be considered for collection on a region-wide basis:
l Type of traffic control l Presence of a median l Presence and type of pedestrian signal l Presence of lighting l Posted speed limit l Presence of no turn on red prohibitions l Presence of a left-turn lane and presence of left-turn signal phase
Implement ranked and prioritized high-risk intersections. This plan, provides a ranking of signalized and unsignalized intersections with disproportionate numbers of crashes. These rankings are conducted utilizing the methods outlined in the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Highway Safety Manual (HSM). These rankings also prioritize segments utilizing the excess expected crash performance measure. This performance measure identifies whether a site has a disproportionately high number of crashes. List of locations can be found in Appendix C. Agencies in GLS Region V should use those locations to make necessary safety improvements and this should be integrated into crash analysis and prioritization efforts.
Conduct road safety audits of high risk intersections. Segments demonstrating disproportionately high numbers of intersection crashes identified and prioritized in Appendix C are good potential candidates for road safety audits (RSA). A RSA is a formal safety performance examination of an existing or future road or intersection by an independent and multi-disciplinary team. MDOT currently conducts RSAs on trunklines as part of its Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) project development efforts. Local agencies, county road commissions, and law enforcement across the GLS Region V should develop a process and funding strategy for conducting RSAs focused on intersections. This effort should be coordinated with similar strategies for lane departure and pedestrian/bicycle crashes.
Enhance the standard traffic signal layout. Several years ago, MDOT and local agencies worked together to apply the box configuration within its traffic signal designs through a systemic approach. The box configuration can be utilized either with span wire or mast arms. The box configuration replaced the use of diagonal configuration as a means to further enhance safety at signalized intersections across the state. It is suggested that the items listed below be considered for inclusion within the standard traffic signal layout utilized by MDOT and local agencies within GLS Region V.
14 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
l Add backplates with reflective yellow borders l Provide an additional ground-mounted signal head in the far left corner of each approach for permissive turns
l Provide overhead street name signs l Provide overhead street lighting l Signal per lane for high speed (over 40 miles per hour [mph]) roads
Implement proactive signal optimization initiatives. The regular re-timing of traffic signals has been found to be an effective method to improve intersection safety and mobility. Agencies across GLS Region V should implement a variety of programs to regularly re-time and optimize their traffic signal networks. The Georgia Department of Transportation and local agencies have partnered to develop the Regional Traffic Operations Program (RTOP) and implemented an innovative signal optimization program that involves assigning dedicated corridor managers to actively manage signal timing. Agencies leverage their traffic operations center for this initiative. Another similar initiative is currently under way in Florida called active arterial management.
Implement intersection safety focused engineering countermeasures. Several engineering countermeasures examples to target intersection crashes that should be considered for initial or wider application across GLS Region V are listed below:
l Access management near intersections l Enhanced traffic signal layout l Far left-traffic signals l Advance warning flashers l Right-turn-on-red restrictions l Advanced stop pavement marking lines l Pedestrian countdown signals and signal timing for high pedestrians areas
Apply roundabouts at targeted locations. An MDOT research study indicated that single and dual lane roundabouts have reduced fatal and injury crashes by more than 60 percent when they replace a signal, and more than 75 percent when they replace a two-way stop controlled intersection. Since angle crashes are the most prevalent crash type in the region, road agencies should consider additional intersections for single and dual lane roundabouts. Roundabouts can provide lasting benefits and value in many ways. They are often safer, more efficient, less costly, and more aesthetically appealing than conventional intersection designs. Furthermore, roundabouts are an excellent choice to complement other transportation objectives – including Complete Streets, multimodal networks, and corridor access management – without compromising the ability to keep people and freight moving through our towns, cities, and regions, and across the nation. The FHWA Office of Safety identified roundabouts as a Proven Safety Countermeasure because of their ability to substantially reduce the types of crashes that result in injury or loss of life. Roundabouts are designed to improve safety for all users, including pedestrians and bicycles.
15 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Conduct compact-roundabout pilots. A compact or mini-roundabout has many of the same benefits as a single lane roundabout including:
l Lowering speeds l Reducing angle and left-turn head on crashes l Ability to improve operations in many cases
Agencies in GLS Region V should consider piloting compact roundabouts at intersections involving collectors and minor arterials.
Implement innovative intersection designs. There are several alternative intersection designs that could help improve safety and congestion. Endorsed by the FHWA and largely implemented by MDOT, the following are examples for consideration:
l Displaced left-turn intersection lMedian U-turn intersection (highly utilized across Michigan) l Restricted crossing U-turn intersection l Quadrant roadway intersection
More information relating to these intersections is available in the Alternative Intersections/Interchanges: Information Report (AIIR) by the FHWA. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/09060/
Evaluate the potential to utilize red light cameras. Red light cameras have been found to be an effective method of reducing angle crashes at signalized intersections. Research has shown that red light cameras can reduce fatal and injury crashes by 12 percent. In Michigan, photo enforcement is only authorized for use at highway rail grade crossings. A study should be conducted to determine the feasibility and identify potential impacts of authorizing the use of red light cameras in Michigan.
While education and engineering solutions are important in preventing red light running, automated enforcement is another effective tool. The FHWA maintains a list of resources on red light cameras.
Develop intersection outreach materials for county and local officials. As many of the more effective intersection safety-focused countermeasures are not well-known by county and local officials, approvals for their implementation can face significant hurdles. An outreach program to highlight the issue of intersection safety on GLS Region V’s roadways as well as effectiveness of proven countermeasures should be undertaken, including training programs for county and local agency officials. Because innovative intersections generally look or function differently from conventional designs, it is important for outreach and education to take place. These conversations begin by communicating the magnitude and importance of the intersection safety challenge. With roughly a quarter of all traffic fatalities in the United States associated with intersections, it is critical that safer designs are implemented as widely and routinely as possible. To help state and local road agencies advance innovative intersection designs, the FHWA produces materials intended to communicate their advantages and benefits to a variety of different audiences.
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Lane DepartureBackgroundA lane departure or roadway departure crash is defined as a crash that occurs after a vehicle crosses an edge line, center line, or otherwise leaves the traveled way. While lane departure crashes represent a relatively modest proportion of all traffic crashes, they result in a greatly disproportionate percentage of fatal and serious injury crashes. Nationally, over 54 percent of all traffic fatalities are the result of lane departure crashes. Even though GLS Region V has a lower percent than nationally for lane departure fatalities at 42 percent, these crashes are frequently severe, and tend to be distributed across large areas of the network. As a result, the systemic approach to highway safety in many cases is an extremely effective approach to targeting lane departure.
Many factors contribute to lane departure crashes, including driver fatigue and drowsiness, distracted driving, poor traction between vehicles and road surfaces, and poor visibility in adverse weather conditions. These factors are sometimes compounded by excessive speeding. Alcohol and drug use can also contribute to both driver fatigue and speed.
Key Facts
l Over 42 percent of all fatalities in GLS Region V are the result of a lane departure crash lMore than 52 percent of all fatalities in Lapeer County involve a lane departure crash, which is a higher percentage than both the regional and statewide averages
Table 6: Percentage Distribution of Lane Departure Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 23% 48% 43%Genesee 22% 38% 39%Lapeer 22% 52% 51%GLS Region V Average 22% 42% 42%Michigan Average 19% 47% 38%
StrategiesImplement ranked and prioritized high-risk lane departure segments. This plan, provides a ranking of roadway segments with disproportionate numbers of lane departure crashes. These rankings are conducted utilizing the methods outlined in the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Highway Safety Manual (HSM). These rankings also prioritize segments utilizing the excess expected crashes performance measure. This performance measure identifies whether a site has a disproportionately high number of crashes. List of locations can be found in Appendix C. Agencies in GLS Region V should use those locations to make necessary safety improvements and this should be integrated into crash analysis and prioritization efforts.
Conduct RSAs of high-risk segments. Segments with disproportionately high numbers of lane departure crashes identified in Appendix C are good potential candidates for RSAs. Local
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agencies should develop a process and funding strategy for conducting RSAs on an annual basis focused on lane departure.
Promote and implement lane departure focused engineering countermeasures. Below are some examples of engineering countermeasures to target lane departure crashes, which should be considered for initial or wider application across GLS Region V. Promote and implement lane departure-focused engineering countermeasures, such as:
l Shoulder and center line rumble strips – MDOT advocates for the use of rumble strips on rural roads to improve safety. Recent research has shown that the use of rumble strips in Michigan is expected to “save 16 lives, and 62 serious injuries each year.”
l Provide adequate clear zone – Providing adequate clear zone increases the chances of recover for vehicles that have departed from the pavement.
l Safety edges on roadways – Used to eliminate tire scrubbing, which causes vehicles to lose control when they contact the edge of a roadway. This is a low cost addition to pavement resurfacing projects with benefit-to-cost ratios on two lane roads ranging from 4 to 63.
l High-friction surface treatments – Most appropriate on high-speed horizontal curves. l Retroreflective pavement markings – Helps to clearly define the roadway to prevent unforced roadway departures.
l Fluorescent yellow sheeting on warning signs – Under nighttime conditions, this improved sheeting will help the driver maintain visual acuity of roadway signs, especially when approaching roadway curves or other obstacles.
l Curve delineation – NHTSA estimates that 50 percent of single vehicle crashes on rural two-lane roads occur on curves. The use of post-mounted delineators and chevron signs on curves improves driver responsiveness and reduces the likelihood of lane departure incidents.
l Partially paved shoulders - Reduces crash severity if the driver leaves the roadway.
Develop and communicate lane departure outreach materials to county and local officials. An outreach program to highlight the issue of lane departure on GLS Region V’s roadways as well as effectiveness of proven countermeasures for local and county officials.
Identify and resolve safety data issues. Work with the Michigan Crash Data Users Group in identifying and resolving any issues related to safety data.
Seek funding opportunities. Agencies are encouraged to collaborate with partners to identify and promote opportunities for funding to implement lane departure focused countermeasures. The Michigan Traffic Safety Engineering Action Team provides a strong partnership at the statewide level and could assist with identifying funding opportunities for identified projects. Other opportunities may exist between county and city partnerships to improve benefits to constituents.
Drivers Age 24 and YoungerBackgroundTraffic crashes are the number one cause of injury and death for teens, ages 15 to 20, accounting for more than one in three fatalities in this age group. While crash rates are highest for 16- year old drivers – the initial licensing (unsupervised driving) age in 34 states – drivers under the age of 20 have crash rates nearly four times higher than drivers age 65 and older. These statistics
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are particularly troubling since teens represent approximately 15 percent of the United States population, but as drivers in crashes, they account for as much as 30 percent (approximately $26 billion) of the total cost of motor vehicle injuries nationwide. 1
It is widely recognized that most novice drivers do not have sufficient experience to handle the complex task of driving when they are first licensed. Moreover, the late teen years involve continuing developmental changes that characterize the transition from childhood to adulthood. These changes result in a variety of behaviors that are risky when they occur in a motor vehicle. Young drivers are more likely than older adult drivers to engage in risky driving behaviors, such as speeding and allowing shorter headways. Although such behaviors are sometimes intentional, young driver crashes generally result from errors in attention, failing to recognize hazards, and driving too fast for conditions. Reducing young driver crashes will involve effectively addressing both the youthful propensity to engage in risky behaviors and lack of experience. The lack of seat belt use is another risky teen behavior contributing to the severity of crashes.
In 2014, drivers age 24 and younger constituted 14 percent of all licensed drivers in Michigan. However, over 35 percent of all incapacitating traffic injuries involved drivers age 24 and younger and over 30 percent of all traffic fatalities. On a statewide level, the GTSAC developed a statewide action plan to identify strategies to address this issue.
Key Facts l Twenty-seven percent of GLS Region V fatalities are related to young drivers, which is slightly below the statewide average.
l Lapeer County has a slightly higher percentage of fatalities and serious injury crashes when compared to the region and state.
Table 7: Percentage Distribution of Young Drivers by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 29% 24% 37%Genesee 34% 27% 31%Lapeer 29% 30% 41%GLS Region V Average 33% 27% 35%Michigan Average 33% 30% 35%
Drivers Age 24 and Younger Countermeasures and StrategiesIn 2011, MDOT commissioned the Improving Driver Safety with Behavioral Countermeasures study, where researchers examined five different emphasis areas, including younger drivers. Table 8 provides an overview of the countermeasures reviewed, along with grades for effectiveness, cost and implementation issues.
1 http://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/DA24Y_Action_Plan_Update_May_2015_Final_526640_7.pdf
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Table 8: Reviewed Countermeasures
Countermeasure Effectiveness Cost Implementation Issues
Graduated Driver Licensing
High Low Low
Driver Education Low Medium MediumParent Involvement Medium Low MediumLicensing Age Medium Low MediumNighttime Driving Restrictions
High Medium Low
Passenger Driving Restrictions
High Medium Low
Seat Belt Laws and Youths
Medium Low Low
Cell Phone Use Medium Low LowYouth Programs Medium Medium LowSchool Education Programs
Low Low Medium
Implement or improve graduated driving licensing systems. The Michigan SHSP - Drivers Age 24 and Younger Safety Action Plan outlines a strategy for enhancing Michigan’s graduated drivers licensing system. Strong graduated driver licensing (GDL) programs for new drivers are highly effective in reducing their crash risk. In Michigan, teen drivers under age 18 must complete two segments of driver education instruction and meet the requirements for three GDL levels:
l Level 1 restricts teens to only driving with a licensed parent/guardian or designated licensed adult age 21 or older
l Level 2 restricts the hours of operation between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. and the number of passengers in the car to one, with some exceptions
l Level 3 is unrestricted
GDL requires young drivers to drive under supervision and also limits their exposure to hazardous situations until they gain necessary driving skills. Agencies in GLS Region V should support these statewide efforts.
Publicize, enforce, and adjudicate laws pertaining to young drivers. The Michigan Office of Highway Safety Planning (OHSP) and the Michigan Department of State (MDOS) are working on efforts to publicize, enforce, and adjudicate laws focused on young drivers. It is proposed that a working group be assembled that includes law enforcement, judicial, and other stakeholders to advance these efforts in GLS Region V. The focus of this group would be to publicize and promote laws pertaining to young drivers and encourage enforcement of laws pertaining to young drivers, including enforcement of GDL restrictions. It would coordinate these regional efforts with the GTSAC young driver safety action team.
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Assist parents in managing teens driving. It is proposed that the working group suggested above champion statewide efforts in GLS Region V for assisting parents in managing teen driving. This would involve promoting the various publications and programs that have been developed by MDOS and OHSP as well as private sector groups such as AAA Michigan.
There is also an agreement available to parents for free through a grant to the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Injury Prevention and Control that is based on the latest teen driving safety research. This will help:
l Parents with facts about teen driving safety. l Show parents what they can do to help their teens be safer drivers. l Provide a free interactive Parent-Teen Driving Agreement that can be customized.
Improve young driver training. MDOS has taken the lead on efforts to improve driver training programs. The group should also promote the Michigan State Police (MSP) Teen Defensive Driving Training Course.
Employ school based strategies. The Michigan Department of Education has been working on efforts to promote a variety of school-based teen driving initiatives. This includes programs such as Strive for a Safer Drive (S4SD). The goal of S4SD is to put teens in the driver seat by providing applicants with grant money to create a traffic safety campaign. All schools participating in S4SD are eligible to attend a half-day, advanced driver training program focused on the following:
l Distracted and Impaired Driving l Hazard Recognition l Speed and Space Management l Vehicle Handling
These efforts have been implemented in partnership with OHSP, student groups, such as the Michigan Association of Student Councils, and the private sector. The working group should champion these efforts in GLS Region V.
Conduct GLS Region V Social Media Campaigns. It is recommended that working groups suggested above work together to identify various partners, conduct social media campaigns to highlight the dangers of unsafe behavior, and spread awareness of available resources to parents and teen drivers.http://www.prevent.org/data/files/transportation/pages%20from%20transportation%20and%20health_%20policy%20final%2007082011%20chapter%203.pdf
Impaired DrivingImpaired driving crashes are disproportionately more severe than other crashes, constituting 30 to 40 percent of all fatal crashes each year. Despite decades of efforts, impaired driving remains a devastating traffic safety and public health problem. Impaired driving is the greatest and most complex behavioral issue in Michigan traffic deaths.
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Agencies in the GLS Region V are encouraged to implement a combination of prevention, enforcement, education, engineering, judicial, regulatory, and treatment countermeasures to combat impaired driving.2
Table 9: Percentage Distribution of Alcohol-Related Impaired Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 3% 16% 15%Genesee 4% 29% 23%Lapeer 4% 36% 18%GLS Region V Average 4% 29% 20%Michigan Average 3% 29% 17%
Table 10: Percentage Distribution of Drug-Related Impaired Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 0.6% 16% 1%Genesee 0.9% 18% 7%Lapeer 1.0% 30% 6%GLS Region V Average 0.9% 20% 5%Michigan Average 0.7% 15% 4%
The drop in the driving under the influence (DUI) fatality rate is a public health success story that can be built upon by extending the use of ignition interlocks, working to legalize sobriety checkpoints in Michigan, maintaining and increasing enforcement of the national minimum drinking age at 21, and strengthening zero-tolerance laws for young drivers. Checkpoints are not allowed in MI, but should be evaluated for their effectiveness and be considered.
In GLS Region V, impaired driving fatalities involving drugs exceed the statewide average in all counties. Impaired driving crashes involving alcohol exceeds the statewide average in Lapeer County. Lapeer County exhibits nearly twice the statewide average in fatalities involving impaired driving with drugs.
As part of the Michigan SHSP, the statewide Michigan Impaired Driving Action Plan was developed. Agencies should seek support of these statewide efforts.
Use of saturation patrols. Since sobriety checkpoints are not allowed, using saturation or roving patrols is recommended to help deter drunk driving. This style of patrolling consists of concentrating officers at known places for drunk driving during set times when the risks associated with impaired driving are the greatest. Publicity often accompanies these patrols and has been shown to reduce alcohol-related fatal crashes when combined with these patrolling efforts.
Promote officer training programs. Training officers to recognize impaired drivers, under the influence of either alcohol or drugs, is critical to reducing impaired driving. The MSP offer a multi-tiered impaired driver detection training course that includes: Drug Recognition Expert
2 http://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/Impaired_Driving_Action_Plan_Reviewed_10-14-ksf_437300_7.pdf
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(DRE), Advanced Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement (ARIDE), and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing (SFST) programs. These courses include a mix of lecture, hands-on instruction, and field training. Local agencies in the GLS Region V should encourage their police departments to attend this training and increase the amount of DRE certified officers, and refresh their knowledge of the latest ARIDE and SFST techniques.
Public education and outreach. Due to the increased fatality rate among younger drivers, an effective education program through traditional outlets such as schools and news media provides a foundation for a paradigm shift among the youth. To that end, the use of social media to display public service announcements and advertisements can help target young drivers where they view content the most. Depending on the community, using billboards and posters may also help to supplement media campaigns and further reinforce the message. Communication and outreach is critical in helping prevent impaired driving before it begins.
Partner with national programs. There are several organizations promoting positive messages against drunk driving that should be partnered with on a local level across the GLS Region V:
l Students Against Destructive Decisions (SADD) – the goal of SADD is to educate students through, “scientific-based, peer-to-peer educational trainings, programs and events, awareness campaigns, and leadership development opportunities.”3
lMothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) – the mission of MADD is, “to end drunk driving, help fight drugged driving, support the victims of these violent crimes, and prevent underage drinking.”4
l SafeRide America – this organization has two goals to eliminate the two main excuses people use to drive impaired: not wanting to leave their car behind and not having money to pay to get their car home.
Agencies in the GLS Region V should contact these agencies to develop local programs furthering their messages and using their network for supporting educational programs and outreach.
Designated driver programs. Incentivizing the use of designated drivers by partnering with local drinking establishments to give groups designating a driver benefits, such as a free soft drinks or food for the designated driver. Partnering in this manner provides a more formal approach to a typically informal concept. Further reinforcing these programs with a local publicity campaign will help increase participation in the program and provide incentives for businesses to participate.
Support transit and ridesharing efforts. A new report completed by MADD and Uber indicated that, in California, a significant reduction in drunk driving crashes occurred following the introduction of ridesharing services. According to MADD a survey of attitudes about ridesharing services and their role in combating drunk driving, nearly 4 in 5 (78 percent) respondents said friends are less likely to drive home after drinking once ridesharing services like Uber and Lyft started operating in their city. In addition, 93 percent would recommend ridesharing as a safer
3 http://www.sadd.org/who-we-are/ http://www.madd.org/about-us/ http://saferideamerica.org/mission/4 http://www.madd.org/media-center/press-releases/2015/new-report-from-madd-uber.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/
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way home to a friend who had been drinking.3 Agencies in GLS Region V should promote ridesharing, including use of carpooling and vanpooling, as a reliable alternative to impaired driving. Additionally, agencies should ensure their ridesharing ordinances take into consideration this benefit.
Identify and prioritize high-risk locations. Agencies in GLS Region V should identify high-risk impaired driving locations using safety data, and implement programs that use a multidisciplinary approach including education, enforcement, and engineering such as:
l Develop public information and education campaigns l Explore innovative countermeasures for high-risk impaired driving locations l Provide recommendations related to impaired driving legislation
Local agencies should work with law enforcement to conduct an enforcement and educational safety blitz at high-risk impaired driving locations.
Ignition interlocks program. Promote efforts to increase sobriety courts and the use of ignition interlocks.
Pedestrian and Bicycle SafetyPedestrians—people who travel by foot, wheelchair, stroller, or similar means—are among the most vulnerable road users. As pedestrians, children are at even greater risk of injury or death from traffic crashes due to their small size, inability to judge distances and speeds, and lack of experience with traffic rules (http://www.cdc.gov/features/pedestriansafety/).
The issue of analyzing pedestrian and bicycle crashes is also more complicated as they tend to be more distributed across the transportation network. As a result, systemic and risk-based analysis methods are more effective in identifying where to specifically apply engineering focused pedestrian and bicycle safety improvements.
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/Ped_Bike_Action_Plan_September_2013_Reviewed_09232013_CK_440777_7.pdf
Some of the key performance measures related to pedestrian and bicycle safety are listed below.
l For GLS Region V, the percentage of pedestrian fatalities exceeds the statewide average. l Genesee County has the highest percentage of pedestrian fatal and serious injury crashes. l Bicycle crashes in GLS Region V are lower than the statewide average.
Table 11: Percentage Distribution of Pedestrian Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 1% 0% 6%Genesee 1% 26% 11%Lapeer 0% 9% 4%GLS Region V Average 1% 20% 8%Michigan Average 1% 16% 8%
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Table 12: Percentage Distribution of Bicycle by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 0.5% 12.0% 4.0%Genesee 0.4% 1.7% 3.0%Lapeer 0.2% 2.3% 0.9%GLS Region V Average 0.4% 2.9% 2.7%Michigan Average 0.7% 2.9% 3.5%
Following are several pedestrian and bicycle safety strategies suggested for implementation in GLS Region V.
The Michigan SHSP – Pedestrian/Bicycle Safety Action Team developed a statewide plan to target the engineering, enforcement, education, and emergency medical service (EMS) issues associated with pedestrian and bicycle safety. Agencies should seek support of these statewide efforts.
Implement pedestrian and bicycle focused countermeasures. Below are several examples for engineering countermeasures to target pedestrian and bicycle crashes that should be considered for initial or wider application across GLS Region V.
l Sidewalks or separated walkways and paths l Landscaped buffers for high traffic volume and high-speed roads l Pedestrian countdown signals lMedians l Rectangular rapid-flashing beacons accompanied by marked crosswalks l Pedestrian crossing treatments at appropriate locations l Road diet
Traffic calming. Traffic calming is the combination of mainly physical measures that reduce the negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behavior, and improve conditions for non-motorized street users. Traffic calming is typically implemented on low volume roads and is extremely effective in reducing frequency and severity of pedestrian and bicycle crashes due to its ability to reduce speeds. Examples of commonly used traffic calming treatments include single lane roundabouts, traffic circles, and getaway treatments near high-pedestrian and bicycle activity areas. Agencies on a county basis should work together to develop a region-wide process on where, when, why, and how to implement traffic calming.
The speed of a vehicle is a major determinant in the severity of a crash. Figure 6 shows that a pedestrian hit at 40 miles per hour has an 85 percent chance of fatality, while a pedestrian hit at 20 miles per hour has only a 5 percent chance of fatality (U.K.DOT, 1987). Injuries do still result from moderate and lower-speed crashes even though the proportion of fatalities resulting from crashes goes down as the vehicle speed decreases.
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Figure 7: Pedestrian Injuries at Impact Speeds
40 mph
30 mph
20 mph
85% death 15% injured
45% death 50% injured 5% uninjured
5% death 65% injured 30% uninjured
Signs and pavement markings. Signs and pavement markings are used to educate drivers about their surroundings. Examples include the school advance warning sign, school speed zone and flashing speed zone signs, flashing yellow warning signals, in-street YIELD TO PEDS signs (placed mid-crosswalk), and driver speed feedback signs.
l Parking prohibitions near intersections and crosswalks: Parked cars decrease visibility for both pedestrians and motorists. Removing them from areas where there are high pedestrian activities that would likely cross or come into conflict with vehicles can improve safety for all users.
l High-visibility marked crosswalks: Marked crosswalks are used to indicate a preferred pedestrian crossing location and also to alert drivers to an often-used pedestrian crossing. However, marked pedestrian crosswalks, in and of themselves, do not slow traffic or reduce pedestrian crashes.
Targeted enforcement for all road users. Targeted enforcement near high pedestrian areas such as downtown, schools, universities, and community colleges may be helpful to improve driver behavior such as speeding and not yielding to pedestrian in crosswalks. Targeted enforcement may also help improve non-motorized behaviors, such as distracted, jay walking, and not following traffic laws.
Evaluate potential use of automated speed and red light cameras. Automated speed and red light cameras could be helpful near high pedestrian activity areas and school zones.
Public education campaigns. Along with pedestrian and bicycle safety infrastructure, public education is needed for safety improvements to be successful. Community members, citizens, parents, and drivers all need to be educated on the safety of all road users and rules of the road. It is proposed that this public education campaigns be conducted on high pedestrian and bicycle crash locations between local agencies, community leaders, enforcement, and MDOT.
Promote Safer Routes to School (SRTS) Programs. Many communities and schools in Michigan are using SRTS Programs to work toward making walking and bicycling a safe and appealing ways for children to get to school. Agencies and school districts should collaborate with Michigan Fitness Foundation (MFF) to promote and implement the SRTS program.
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Promote other pedestrian and bicycle safety programs. Agencies should collaborate and work together to implement non-motorized safety focused initiatives such as:
l AAA School Safety Patrol l Bicycle rodeo: a bike rodeo is usually a bicycle safety clinic featuring bike safety inspections and a safety lecture about the rules of the road, followed by a ride to show where and how to apply the rules.
lWalking school buses in partnership with MFF
Implement ranked and prioritized pedestrian and bicycle crash locations and conduct pedestrian and bicycle RSAs. Locations identified in this safety plan as exhibiting a high risk for pedestrian and bicycle crashes are good potential candidates for RSAs. Also, the GLS Region V should determine focus communities, cities, and agencies for priority assistance.
Information exchange. Agencies in the GLS Region V should work together to recognize successful pedestrian and bicycle safety initiatives and promote the use of those best practices when designing and operating pedestrian and bicycle facilities.
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Chapter 4. Additional Emphasis AreasIn addition to the high priority emphasis areas, there are other emphasis areas including:
l Commercial vehicle safety l Distracted driving lMotorcycle safety l Occupant protection l Senior mobility and safety (age 65 and older) l Speed management l Traffic incident management l Traffic records and information systems
Commercial Motor Vehicle SafetyIn 1988, the Michigan Legislature enacted legislation creating the Michigan Truck Safety Commission (MTSC). The MTSC is responsible for oversight of truck safety funds to conduct truck driver safety education programs; encouraging, coordinating, and administering grants for research and demonstration projects in truck driver safety education; and conduct special enforcement programs within the MSP Commercial Vehicle Enforcement Division. The MTSC produces the Michigan Truck Strategic Plan, which was developed as part of the Michigan SHSP. The Michigan Truck Strategic Plan identifies common factors for the cause and severity of commercial vehicle crashes and outlines a variety of engineering, enforcement, and education strategies focused on improving truck safety. Agencies should seek support for these statewide efforts to generate funding within their jurisdiction. Local agencies should rely on the Michigan Truck Strategic Plan and other resources provided by the MTSC to utilize local crash analysis and provide effective strategy identification to address region specific commercial vehicle safety concerns.
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/CMV_Strategies_Update_2013_Final_Report_441394_7.pdf
Key Facts l Genesee County has the highest commercial vehicle fatalities in the region. l The region performs slightly better than statewide averages for all three categories reported.
Further study should be conducted to identify concentrations of crashes by time of day, number of vehicles involved, high incident locations, and other characteristics that can be used to target strategies.
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Table 13: Percentage Distribution of Commercial Motor Vehicle Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 3.1% 8.0% 2.6%Genesee 3.5% 9.7% 3.9%Lapeer 2.8% 6.8% 3.1%GLS Region V Average 3.3% 9.0% 3.4%Michigan Average 3.8% 9.6% 4.9%
StrategiesEducation and enforcement are the most commonly identified countermeasures suggested for commercial motor vehicles (CMV). Research has been conducted for many years in Michigan, where several strategies have been recently recommended in the Strategies to Reduce CMV-Involved Crashes, Fatalities, and Injuries in Michigan report as follows:
l Improve maintenance of CMVs l Deployment of truck safety technologies l Encourage the use of advanced safety technologies l Increase knowledge on how CMVs and cars can share the road l Strengthen commercial driver license program, education and outreach to truck drivers l Improve crash data
Commissioned by the OHSP and conducted by the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, the report provides explanations and assessments associated with the implementation of these countermeasures, along with recommendations for areas requiring further investigation. Agencies in the GLS Region V are encouraged to review this report for any opportunities relating to their local communities.
Provide designated CMV parking areas. CMV drivers typically have difficulty finding adequate parking for rest periods required by law, and as a result are forced to park in unsafe areas or not rest at all. The federal government has recently increased funding for truck parking, with the recent passing of Jason’s Law and other initiatives provided in the MAP-21 legislation. Agencies are encouraged to identify heavy CMV routes and seek funding from public and private sources to develop additional parking.
Additional strategies for considerations for CMVs:
l Improve CMV driver performance through education and enforcement l Increase motorist awareness of safe driving near CMVs l Educate and inform about the dangers of fatigue related and distracted driving crashes l Address site-specific infrastructure and operations concerns lMandate maintenance programs and improve fleet safety management
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Distracted DrivingThe NHTSA reports that 10 percent of fatal crashes, 18 percent of injury crashes, and 16 percent of all police-reported traffic crashes in 2013 were distraction-affected crashes. The true influence of distraction in crashes is generally considered as underreported since pre-crash distractions often leave no evidence to observe. This is confounded by the fact that drivers are typically reluctant to admit distraction as the cause for a crash.
Distracted driving is any activity that diverts a person’s attention away from the primary task of driving, thereby endangering driver, passenger, and bystander safety. Distractions typically include to the following actions while driving:
l Texting l Cell phone or smartphone use l Eating or drinking l Talking to passengers l Grooming l Reading, including maps l Using a navigation system lWatching a video l Adjusting a radio, CD player, or MP3 player
However, since text messaging requires visual, manual, and cognitive attention from the driver, it is by far the most alarming distraction. Five seconds is the average time eyes are taken off the road while texting. When traveling at 55 mph, that is enough time to cover the length of a football field blindfolded. http://www.distraction.gov/stats-research-laws/facts-and-statistics.html
http://www.distraction.gov/downloads/pdfs/812053-UnderstandingEffectsDistractedDrivingReportToCongress.pdf
StrategiesLaw enforcement education and training. Training for police officers to identify distracted drivers is critical to the enforcement of laws. According to GTSAC’s Distracted Driving Action Team, as of early 2013, Michigan was one of 39 states to ban text messaging for all drivers. Michigan also prohibits cell phone use for newly licensed drivers, which includes those with a Level 1 or Level 2 license.
Conduct effective communication and outreach activities. Michigan already has laws in place aimed at reducing distracted driving, namely Kelsey’s Law, and a text messaging ban. Publicizing these laws, working with law enforcement agencies to enforce strong laws, and conducting high visibility text messaging enforcement campaigns across the GLS Region V on a local basis will remind drivers of the seriousness of the issue. To that end, a few activities were developed to reinforce the message to younger drivers:
l Inviting high school students to create billboard designs aimed at delivering the message to drivers (part of a statewide campaign). Agencies in the GLS Region V can apply this model by partnering with schools in their jurisdiction.
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l The Kids Driving Responsibly Challenge is a campaign that “focuses on the youth in Michigan, educating them on the dangers of using a cell phone while driving.”
l The Remembering Ally: Distracted Driving Awareness Campaign promotes safe, non-distracted driving through resources such as posters, public service announcements, and a simulated distracted driving crash video.
Implement low-cost engineering countermeasures. Currently, the Action Team recommends roadway alarm systems to alert distracted drivers (in the form of rumble strips) and removal of roadside obstacles (improved clear zone) to reduce the severity of accidents involving distracted drivers. MDOT is researching other countermeasures, including intersection warning systems and transversely mounted rumble strips in advance of stop signs at intersections. Many of the previously cited lane departure countermeasures are useful for distracted driving as well.
Motorcycle SafetyPer vehicle miles traveled, motorcyclists are more than 30 times more likely than passenger car occupants to die in a motor vehicle crash. This is because motorcyclists face risks not encountered when driving cars and trucks. When a crash occurs, motorcycle riders are much more vulnerable than passengers of other vehicles and lack the protection available in an automobile. Further, alcohol impairment and excessive speed are major contributing factors to the occurrence of motorcycle crashes and compound the serious nature of these crashes. Lack of proper licensing and training are often cited as areas of major concern with motorcyclists.
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/MC_Safety_Action_Plan_12-01-2014_478724_7.pdf
Key Facts l Lapeer County has a higher percentage of motorcycle related fatalities and serious injuries compared to the region and statewide averages.
l The number of motorcycle related fatalities and serious injuries is disproportionate to total crashes when compared to other emphasis areas.
l Over 48 percent of motorcycle fatalities in the region involved the use of drugs or alcohol.
Table 14: Percentage Distribution of Motorcycle Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 1.1% 12% 12%Genesee 1.2% 11% 12%Lapeer 1.2% 16% 15%GLS Region V Average 1.2% 12% 13%Michigan Average 1.1% 14% 12%
31 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
StrategiesAgencies should seek support of the efforts within the Michigan Motorcycle Safety Action Plan.
In addition, GLS Region V can use safety marketing campaigns to promote and encourage motorcyclist safety through training, wearing protective high-visibility gear, and proper helmet use.
Agencies should work with EMS in providing education that specifically addresses the trauma caused by motorcycle crashes to provide better on-scene care.
Also, agencies in GLS Region V should work together to:
l Support and create public information and education campaigns to raise awareness for motorcycle safety.
l Improve roadway design and maintenance of roadways to better accommodate motorcyclists. l Provide recommendations related to motorcycle safety legislation.
http://www.nhtsa.gov/DOT/NHTSA/Communication%20&%20Consumer%20Information/Articles/Associated%20Files/4640-report2.pdf
Occupant ProtectionCar crashes are one of the leading causes of death for children ages 1 to 13 years old. Under many circumstances deaths and injuries can be prevented by proper use of car seats, boosters, and seat belts. Wearing a seat belt is the single best way any motorist or occupant can protect himself or herself in a crash; yet in 2013, 229 unrestrained occupants were killed or seriously injured in crashes in Michigan. If those occupants had chosen to wear a seat belt, they would have increased their chance of survival by 45 percent. Further, proper use of car seats reduced the risk of death by 71 percent for infants, and by 54 percent for children ages one to four. http://www.trafficsafetymarketing.gov/cps
Michigan’s primary seat belt law has led to a consistent seat belt use rate well over 90 percent for drivers and front seat passengers. This statistic is unknown for back seat passengers. In 2013, 25 unrestrained back seat passengers were killed, with 12 of those people being ejected from the vehicle.
Children in Michigan are required by law to be properly restrained in a car seat or booster seat until they are eight years old or 4’9”. However, statistics show that less than 50 percent of children ages four to seven years old are riding in booster seats. The vast majority of children from birth to three years old are riding in car seats, yet the misuse of car seats due to improper installation occurs more than 70 percent of the time.
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/Occupant_Protection_Action_Plan_Final_10-31_JH_439418_7.pdf
32 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
StrategiesTo address this issue on a statewide basis, the Michigan Occupant Protection Action Plan was developed as part of the Michigan SHSP. This plan outlines engineering, education, enforcement, and EMS strategies to increase the education and use of restraints such as seat belts, car seats, or boosters, and installation of proper car seat. Agencies in GLS Region V should seek support and champion these statewide efforts in GLS Region V.
Senior Mobility and Safety (Ages 65 and Older)Currently, every county in Michigan has some form of senior transportation service, which typically includes public transit providers, specialized service agencies, or volunteer driver services. The focus of these operations is keeping Michigan’s aging population mobile and active in their respective communities. There also are a number of very innovative programs across the state demonstrating daily that senior transportation can be successfully delivered.
In 2014, there were 1.3 million older licensed drivers (age 65 and older) in Michigan, representing over 19 percent of all licensed Michigan drivers. The number of older licensed drivers in Michigan has increased by 29 percent over the past 10 years, while the total number of Michigan drivers has decreased by 1.2 percent. The number of licensed drivers over 65 is expected to continue this trend, with increases expected for the next two decades. This growth contributes to the high-priority classification of this emphasis area.
Key Facts l Lapeer County has a slightly higher percentage of senior driver fatalities when compared to region and statewide averages.
l For the region, 20 percent of all fatal senior driver crashes involved the use of alcohol or drugs.
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/Action_Plan-SMWG-7-15-15-final_495134_7.pdf
Table 15: Percentage Distribution of Senior Driver Crashes by County, 2010-2014
Location Crashes Fatalities A-injuriesShiawassee 13% 16% 16%Genesee 16% 22% 15%Lapeer 12% 23% 16%GLS Region V Average 15% 21% 15%Michigan Average 14% 22% 15%
33 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Strategies l Identify and encourage senior-friendly transportation options in GLS Region V and communicate or make aware of those options to a wider audience.
l Partner with local community leaders to plan for an aging population dependent on mobility and transportation.
l Enhance senior mobility by improving communication and coordination among partners at the state, regional, and local levels by using the following strategies:
¢ Schedule regular meetings among transportation partners to share issues and successes with each program. These meetings will encourage conversation between stakeholders and improve the efficiency of their programs.
¢ Designate a single agency, such as county, sheriff, or road commission, in charge of coordinating these meetings and championing senior driver mobility
¢ Hold regular information sessions with senior drivers to explain what programs are available to them and gain feedback from the community
¢ Survey the drivers and workers of these services to see if any opportunities for improvement exist within the existing funding and organizational structure
l Support and champion statewide efforts to promote strategies to reduce the rate and severity of senior driver crashes in GLS Region V.
l Support the Safe Drivers Smart Options Strategy at www.Michigan.gov/agingdriver l Promote senior driver focused engineering countermeasures from MDOT’s 2015 study. l https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdot/MDOT_Research_Report_RC1561_372531_7.pdf l Promote the design and operation of Michigan roadways with features that better accommodate the special needs of older drivers and pedestrians.
l Promote engineering infrastructure strategies from the FHWA handbook for designing roadways for the aging population. http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/older_users/handbook/
l Develop and/or enhance existing programs to identify older drivers at increased risk of crashing and take appropriate action.
Speed Management Speeding is defined as traveling too fast for conditions or in excess of the posted speed limits, and is a factor in almost one-third of all fatal crashes. The determination of whether speeding was involved in a fatal crash is often based on the judgment of the investigating law enforcement officer. Speeding is a highly complex issue, involving public attitudes, road user behavior, vehicle performance, roadway design and characteristics, posted speed limits, and enforcement strategies. Speed management is a comprehensive approach using engineering, enforcement, and education to reduce speeding-related crashes, fatalities, and injuries. http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/812162.pdf
34 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Speed management involves a balanced effort:
l Defining the relationship between speed, speeding, and safety l Applying road design and engineering measures to obtain appropriate speeds l Setting speed limits that are safe and reasonable l Applying enforcement efforts and appropriate technology that effectively targets crash producing speeders and deters speeding
l Effectively marketing communication and educational messages that focus on high-risk drivers l Soliciting the cooperation, support, and leadership of traffic safety stakeholders
Effective solutions must be applied locally even though speeding can be considered a national problem. The speed-related fatality rate per vehicle mile traveled is highest on local and collector roads where the lowest speed limits are posted.
Figure 8: Vehicle Speed and Stopping Sight Distance
0 100 200 300 400 500
55
50
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30
25
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Stopping Sight Distance
Brake reaction distance and braking distance on level surface (feet)
Figure 8 shows the relationship between motor vehicle speed and braking distance when traveling on a level surface [AASHTO, 2001]. Slower motor vehicle speeds allow drivers to stop in a shorter distance and reduce the chance of injuring other drivers, pedestrians, or bicyclists.
StrategiesSpeed enforcement cameras. Evaluate the potential to use automated speed enforcement cameras where appropriate. It is an important strategy for reducing excess speed when used as an adjunct to traditional enforcement methods and engineering approaches. Automated enforcement is intended to augment – not replace – traditional traffic enforcement activities and addresses the public perception of the risk of “getting caught.” Research has shown that automated speed enforcement can reduce fatal and injury crashes by 20 to 25 percent at conspicuous camera locations. Presently in Michigan, photo enforcement is only authorized for use at highway rail grade crossings. As a result, a change to the Michigan Vehicle Code would be required to utilize this approach. A study should be conducted to determine the feasibility and identify potential impacts of authorizing the use of automated speed enforcement in Michigan.
35 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Traffic calming. Use of traffic calming methods can also reduce speed, increase safety and is particularly effective in reducing risk for vulnerable road users.
Traffic Incident Management Traffic incident management (TIM) is the planned and coordinated multi-disciplinary process used to detect, respond, and clear traffic incidents as quickly as possible while protecting the safety of on-scene responders and the traveling public. The three shared objectives for TIM according to the National Unified Goal (NUG) are:
l Responder Safety l Safe, Quick Clearance l Prompt, Reliable, Interoperable Communication
An incident is defined as any non-recurring event that causes a reduction in roadway capacity. Such events include, but are not limited to, traffic crashes, disabled vehicles, spilled cargo, floods, and other unplanned natural or man-made events. The most common problem associated with highway incidents is traveler delay, but the most serious problem is the risk of secondary crashes. Many times a secondary crash is more severe than the primary crash. A side effect of all incidents is the danger posed to responding personnel at the scene.
http://www.michigan.gov/documents/msp/Traffic_Incident_Management_Action_Plan_Final_Reviewed_09272013_CK_476986_7.pdf
StrategiesAgencies in GLS Region V should work together on
l Promoting Michigan Traffic Incident Management Effort (Mi-TIME) training - Mi-TIME is a partnership between agencies, including the MDOT, state and local law enforcement, fire, EMS, and towing services, to work together to safely and efficiently clear traffic incidents from Michigan’s highways. Mi-TIME responder training provides the responder community with TIM standards and good practices with the overall purpose of enhancing quick clearance efforts and improving responder and motorist safety.
l Promoting and educating the use of high-visibility apparel for first responders (including law enforcement, fire, EMS, towing, transportation and media personnel). The Michigan Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices Section 6D.03 Standard states all workers, including emergency responders, within the right-of-way who are exposed to traffic SHALL wear high-visibility safety apparel that meets ANSI performance class 2 or 3.
l Coordinating traffic incident response among all responders. l Promoting public education of safe, quick clearance and Steer It Clear It & Move Over laws - quick clearance of incidents is an effective strategy to reduce the risk of secondary crashes.
Traffic Records and Information SystemsGood traffic records, which include databases on crashes, traffic volume, and roadway attributes, are the foundation to implement most of the previously listed strategies. The Michigan Traffic Crash Facts (MTCF) website provides annual official Michigan crash data and has two sections
36 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
to the website: crash data statistics and the Data Query Tool, which allows users to perform advanced searches on the crash data.
As part of the statewide roadway asset management initiative spearheaded and supported by MDOT, Roadsoft is available to local road agencies in Michigan at no cost to them.
StrategiesFollowing is a list of data enhancements as well as innovative data analytics solutions that will enhance the ability to effectively identify and address safety issues. To cost-effectively implement many of these solutions will involve collaboration between multiple agencies.
Maintenance of the traffic volume database for non-federal aid roads. Agencies in GLS Region V should collaborate on an effort to collect and maintain a non-federal aid traffic count database.
Speed data. Vehicle probe data now has the ability to calculate 85th percentile and mean speeds on roadway segments. As a result, it is now possible to access current and historical speed profiles of large portions of the roadway network. As speed is a primary indicator of the severity of traffic crashes, agencies in GLS Region V should collaborate on an effort to purchase access to this speed data. It will allow agencies to make more informed traffic safety decisions.
Pedestrian and bicycle data. Pedestrian and bicycle volume data will help agencies to more effectively identify improvements targeted at vulnerable road users. Local agencies in GLS Region V should collaborate to develop a strategy for collecting and analyzing this type of data.
Roadway attributes. Applying data analytic tools, such as the AASHTO HSM, requires significant amounts of roadway attribute data to accurately predict the number of crashes at intersections and along segments. To advance efforts to deploy and utilize the HSM for the GLS Region V, it is proposed that a task force or working stakeholder group be initiated to identify the data needs to effectively apply the HSM as well as strategies to efficiently and cost-effectively collect and maintain the database.
37 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Chapter 5. Systemic and Spot Location Crash AnalysisGLS Region V adopted a TZD vision and, while all locations of a roadway network are important, there is a need to prioritize locations. In order to reduce fatalities and serious injuries, using advanced tools helps to assist local agencies in using quantitative measurements of safety during their planning and project development decision-making processes.
The HSM provides fact-based information and is used to facilitate roadway planning, design, operations, and maintenance decisions based on precise consideration of their safety consequences. The analysis conducted for this safety plan considers fatal and injury crashes. The following maps show the locations in GLS Region V where the implementation of engineering-focused countermeasures will result in great reductions in crashes.
Deficiency RankingDeficiency ranking is derived from excess expected crash frequency, and shows locations that would benefit from spot treatments. Only fatal and serious injury crashes were considered for this analysis. The excess crash threshold for each ranking is as follows:
l Low: 1 to 3 crashes per year lMedium: 3 to 5 crashes per year l High: 5 crashes per year
Definition from HSM (4-12)Excess Expected Average Crash Frequency Using Safety Performance Functions (SPF)A safety performance function (SPF) is an equation used to predict the average number of crashes per year at a location as a function of exposure and, in some cases, roadway or intersection characteristics. SPFs are used to predict crash frequency for a given set of site conditions. The site’s observed average crash frequency is compared to a predicted average crash frequency from an SPF. The difference between the observed and predicted crash frequencies is the excess predicted crash frequency using SPFs. When the excess predicted average crash frequency is greater than zero, a site experiences more crashes than predicted. When the excess expected average crash frequency value is less than zero, a site experiences fewer crashes than predicted.
Level of Service SafetyLevel of service safety (LOSS) provides a data driven approach to evaluating segments that would benefit from systemic safety improvements. LOSS is a statistical method where categories are developed based on their deviation away from ‘normal.’ Four categories are used for assessment. The average yearly crash number for each segment is compared to these deviations to assign a LOSS rating (I to IV). Segments with a high rating (III or IV) are performing poorly compared to similar segment types. These locations may not necessarily have a high deficiency ranking; however, they would benefit from systemic treatments to improve their relative performance.
38 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LOSS RankingSites are ranked according to a qualitative assessment in which the observed crash count is compared to a predicted average crash frequency for the reference population under consideration (1,4,5). Each site is placed into one of four LOSS classifications depending on the degree to which the observed average crash frequency is different than predicted average crash frequency. The predicted average crash frequency of sites with similar characteristics is predicted from an SPF calibrated to local conditions.
Analysis ProcessThe HSM procedures for calculating SPFs, expected predicted average crash frequency, and LOSS were utilized for analysis. Calibration factors were obtained from MDOT’s “Michigan Calibration Values for the Highway Safety Manual” document, dated Spring 2012. Crash information was obtained from Michigan Traffic Crash Facts for years 2010 to 2014, which contained coordinates for spatial location. Only fatal and serious injury crashes were considered for this analysis; however, property damage only (PDO) crashes were also obtained for future use. SPFs from the report, “Michigan Urban Trunkline Intersections Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) Development and Support” were used for intersection analysis where applicable.
ArcGIS 10.3 was used to spatially join crash and segment information for modeling purposes. Roadway centerline and political boundary shapefiles were obtained from the Michigan Geographic Data Library. Volume and lane information was obtained for 2013 from the Federal Office of Highway Policy Information’s HPMS data. Finally, census urbanized areas data was obtained from the United States Census Bureau.
Roadway segments were dissolved by physical reference (PR) number and minor civil division to obtain appropriate segment sizes for analysis. Only segments and intersections with complete volume data were used for analysis.
39 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
L a p e e rL a p e e r
G e n e s e eG e n e s e e
S h i a w a s s e eS h i a w a s s e e
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 5.5 11 16.5 222.75Miles Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
GLS Region V - Freeway Deficiency Ranking
40 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
L a p e e rL a p e e r
G e n e s e eG e n e s e e
S h i a w a s s e eS h i a w a s s e e
LegendLevel of Service Safety
I
II
III
IV
µ0 5.5 11 16.5 222.75Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
GLS Region V - Freeway Level of Service Safety
41 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 6 12 18 243Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
GLS Region V - Non-Freeway Deficiency Ranking
42 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendLOSS
I
II
III
IV
µ0 6 12 18 243Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
GLS Region V - Non-Freeway Level of Service Safety
43 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
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µ0 5.5 11 16.5 222.75Miles
GLS Region V - Intersection Deficiency Ranking
44 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Chapter 6. Implementation and Evaluation of the PlanThe next steps for GLS Region V are to implement the strategies provided in the safety plan and use the analysis to identify locations for funding. Implementation, evaluation, and updating the safety plan is important for accountability.
It is recommended that a single lead agency be identified and a GLS Region V Traffic Safety Working Group encompassing the four E’s be created to implement the strategies of this safety plan and evaluate various ongoing transportation activities and programs in the region. This group will meet on a regular basis to exchange information, monitor the progress of implementation, and also determine if the strategies used for each emphasis areas are working appropriately. This helps provide accountability and can be used to keep stakeholders informed and engaged. Short-term targets and milestones should be set to measure progress.
This safety plan identifies both systemic and spot locations, priority emphasis areas and countermeasures so that road agencies can seek opportunities to implement them. It is also recommended that agencies work together with other agencies and MDOT to provide assistance to communities in identifying low cost fixes to improve the safety by conducting:
l Road Safety Audits l Safe Routes to School l Local Safety Initiative
To ensure the effectiveness of the projects and the overall plan, evaluation of the strategies should be ongoing. After strategies have been in place for at least one year or several years, that may be necessary for sufficient data, an agency should evaluate their effectiveness for larger-scale implementations.
Finally, this safety plan is a living document. The working group should review the safety plan, examine progress, evaluate effectiveness, and, if needed, suggest changes or modifications to the plan. This ongoing evaluation of the safety plan may present opportunities for improvement of the plan.
45 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendices
A. Crash Data for the Region
B. County Maps
C. Prioritized List of Locations for Implementation
D. GLS Region V Countermeasures Benefits
E. Potential Funding Sources
F. Summary of Stakeholder Meetings
46 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix A: Crash Data for the Region
Table A-1: GLS Region V Characteristics
Region Wide Statistics Miles of Road Total Population
(Census 2010)
Vehicle Miles Travelled (HPMS 2013 Data - Thousands)
Registered Vehicles
Shiawassee 1,370 70,648 760,009 64,196Genesee 2,652 425,790 3,993,165 327,849Lapeer 1,502 88,319 859,687 83,428GLS Region V 5,524 584,757 5,612,861 475,473Michigan 122,172 9,883,640 95,136,461 8,314,376
Table A-2: GLS Region V Characteristics Percentage Compare to Michigan
Region Wide Statistics Miles of Road Total Population
(Census 2010)
Vehicle Miles Travelled (HPMS 2013 Data - Thousands)
Registered Vehicles
Shiawassee 1% 1% 1% 1%Genesee 2% 4% 4% 4%Lapeer 1% 1% 1% 1%GLS Region V 5% 6% 6% 6%Michigan 100% 100% 100% 100%
47 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Target Setting Using Prediction Interval for Fatalities
Target Setting Using Prediction Interval for A-Injuries
48 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Figure A-1: Fatal and Serious Injury Crash Frequency, 2004-2014
Figure A-2: Total Crash Rate by County, 2010-2014
49 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Figure A-3: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Percent Crash Type, 2010-2014
Figure A-4: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Crash Type by Month, 2010-2014
50 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Figure A-5: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Crash Type by Week, 2010-2014
Figure A-6: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Percent Crash by Time of Day, 2010-2014
51 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Figure A-7: Fatalities and Serious Injuries Percent Crash by Age Group, 2010-2014
52 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix B: County Maps
G e n e s e eG e n e s e e
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 4 8 12 162Miles Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Genessee County - Freeway Deficiency Ranking
53 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
G e n e s e eG e n e s e e
LegendLevel of Service Safety
I
II
III
IV
µ0 4 8 12 162Miles Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Genessee County - Freeway Level of Service Safety
54 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 4.5 9 13.5 182.25Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Genessee County - Non-Freeway Deficiency Ranking
55 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendLOSS
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II
III
IV
µ0 4.5 9 13.5 182.25Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Genessee County - Non-Freeway Level of Service
Safety
56 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
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Genessee County - Intersection Deficiency
Ranking
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L a p e e rL a p e e r
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 4 8 12 162Miles Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Lapeer County - Freeway Deficiency Ranking
58 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
L a p e e rL a p e e r
LegendLevel of Service Safety
I
II
III
IV
µ0 3.5 7 10.5 141.75Miles Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Lapeer County - Freeway Level of Service Safety
59 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 5 10 15 202.5Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Lapeer County - Non-Freeway Deficiency Ranking
60 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendLOSS
I
II
III
IV
µ0 5 10 15 202.5Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Lapeer County - Non-Freeway Level of Service Safety
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LegendDeficiency Ranking
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µ0 4.5 9 13.5 182.25Miles
Lapeer County - Intersection Deficiency Ranking
62 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
S h i a w a s s e eS h i a w a s s e e
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 2.5 5 7.5 101.25Miles Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Shiawassee County - Freeway Deficiency
Ranking
63 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
S h i a w a s s e eS h i a w a s s e e
LegendLevel of Service Safety
I
II
III
IV
µ0 2.5 5 7.5 101.25Miles Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Shiawassee County - Freeway Level of
Service Safety
64 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendDeficiency Ranking
Low
Medium
High
µ0 4 8 12 162Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Shiawassee County - Non-Freeway Deficiency
Ranking
65 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
LegendLOSS
I
II
III
IV
µ0 4 8 12 162Miles
Segments are dissolved by PR and Minor Civil Division (Township, City, etc.)
Shiawassee County - Non-Freeway Level of
Service Safety
66 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
!
! !! !
!
S h i a w a s s e eS h i a w a s s e e
LegendDeficiency Ranking
! Low
! Medium
! High
µ0 3.5 7 10.5 141.75Miles
Shiawassee County - Intersection Deficiency
Ranking
67 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix C: Prioritized List of Locations for Implementation
Table C-1 Priority Urban Intersection List
Rank Name1 Name2 County Latitude Longi-tude
AADT_Maj
AADT_Min
F-I Obv. per Year
PDO Obv. per Year
FI - Ex-cess per Year
1 E Bristol Rd Fenton Rd Genesee 42.97 -83.69 21,190 14,111 7.6 16 4.172 Fenton Rd E Hill Rd Genesee 42.94 -83.69 23,259 12,631 7 23.6 3.633 Miller Rd S Linden Rd Genesee 42.98 -83.77 18,737 8,017 6.4 17.2 3.404 E Grand Blanc
RdDort Hwy Genesee 42.92 -83.65 13,678 13,277 6 11.4 3.18
5 Corunna Rd S Ballenger Hwy Genesee 43.00 -83.73 18,118 9,574 6 21 3.106 W Bristol Rd Van Slyke Rd Genesee 42.97 -83.71 19,200 11,619 5.8 17.6 2.887 W Atherton
RdS Grand Tra-verse St
Genesee 42.99 -83.68 14,032 7,218 5.4 15.4 2.78
8 E Atherton Rd S Saginaw St Genesee 42.99 -83.68 14,032 11,003 5.4 6.8 2.759 W Atherton
RdFenton Rd Genesee 42.99 -83.69 14,032 4,661 5.2 14.8 2.65
10 Richfield Rd Western Rd Genesee 43.05 -83.66 10,169 5,566 5.2 5.8 2.6311 W 5th Ave N Grand Tra-
verse StGenesee 43.02 -83.70 11,158 7,544 5 10.4 2.52
12 Lapeer Rd S Dort Hwy Genesee 43.01 -83.65 23,063 6,615 5.4 13 2.5113 Cesar Chavez
DrRobert T Long-way Blvd N
Genesee 43.03 -83.68 18,147 11,123 5.2 10 2.47
14 M 21 State Rd Shiawassee 43.00 -84.12 15,354 8,100 5 11.2 2.4615 W Pierson Rd Dupont St Genesee 43.06 -83.71 12,657 7,258 4.8 3.4 2.3716 Lapeer Rd S State Rd Genesee 43.01 -83.52 27,791 8,706 5.6 25.4 2.3717 Corunna Rd S Linden Rd Genesee 43.00 -83.77 24,333 17,971 5.6 31.4 2.3418 W Hemphill
RdS Grand Tra-verse St
Genesee 42.98 -83.68 8,221 7,218 4.8 8.4 2.34
19 E 5th Ave N Saginaw St Genesee 43.02 -83.69 11,158 5,496 4.6 12.6 2.2520 E Genesee St N Main St Lapeer 43.05 -83.32 25,282 14,469 5.4 23 2.1921 Lennon Rd S Linden Rd Genesee 42.99 -83.77 18,174 9,592 4.8 18.6 2.1922 W Baldwin Rd Fenton Rd Genesee 42.89 -83.70 9,775 6,453 4.4 6.6 2.1223 Robert T
Longway Blvd N
Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.03 -83.68 18,147 1,652 4.4 11.2 2.09
24 E Atherton Rd S Center Rd Genesee 42.99 -83.63 17,838 9,320 4.6 12.2 2.0525 Lippincott
BlvdS Dort Hwy Genesee 43.00 -83.65 19,910 4,422 4.4 8.4 1.94
68 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table C-2: Priority Rural Intersection List
Rank Name1 Name2 County Lati-tude
Longi-tude
AADT_Maj
AADT_Min
F-I Obv. per Year
PDO Obv. per Year
FI - Excess per Year
1 W Pierson Rd N Linden Rd Genesee 43.06 -83.77 20,744 8,718 5.8 18.8 1.712 Burnside Rd VanDyke Rd Lapeer 43.21 -83.08 7,467 2,939 2.0 2.8 0.483 W Mount Morris
RdN Clio Rd Genesee 43.11 -83.73 6,759 4,942 2.0 5.8 0.41
4 Corunna Rd Sheridan Ave Genesee 43.00 -83.93 6,975 4,531 1.8 2 0.285 W Genesee St Millville Rd Lapeer 43.05 -83.34 13,596 5,996 2.6 9 0.12
Note: Only intersections identified with FI Excess per Year are shown.
69 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table C-3 Priority Freeway Segments Systemic List
Rank-ing
RD-NAME
MCD PR aadt_vn
Lanes County Length_Mi
Unique-ID
Calib FI
Nobs FI
Nexp E/P E-P Devia-tion
LOSS
1 N I 475 City of Flint
1497903 26,347 6 Genesee 6.99 32 0.66 283 30.59 4.24 23.38 1.83 IV
2 N US 23 Mundy Town-ship
1502907 54,921 4 Genesee 6.04 39 0.27 96 15.52 2.96 10.28 1.02 IV
3 N US 23 City of Fenton
1502907 52,566 4 Genesee 2.79 37 0.27 83 10.89 4.70 8.57 1.06 IV
4 E I 69 Davison Town-ship
1494005 37,710 4 Genesee 6.11 21 0.27 68 7.94 2.21 4.35 0.50 IV
5 N I 75 Mundy Town-ship
1497804 30,165 4 Genesee 2.76 29 0.27 32 2.80 2.16 1.51 0.26 IV
6 N I 475 Genesee Town-ship
1497903 25,000 6 Genesee 1.81 33 0.66 20 3.19 1.80 1.42 0.35 IV
7 E I 69 Flint Town-ship
1494005 39,293 4 Genesee 1.57 24 0.27 18 2.18 2.27 1.22 0.27 IV
8 E I 69 City of Flint
1494005 39,293 4 Genesee 0.41 18 0.27 15 1.30 5.17 1.05 0.33 IV
9 E I 69 Vernon Town-ship
550708 24,432 4 Shiawas-see
5.09 6 0.27 26 2.82 1.44 0.87 0.18 IV
10 N I 475 City of Burton
1497903 36,900 4 Genesee 1.50 31 0.27 14 1.72 2.00 0.86 0.22 IV
11 E I 69 City of Swartz Creek
1494005 19,748 4 Genesee 2.48 19 0.27 33 1.64 2.09 0.85 0.16 IV
12 N I 475 Grand Blanc Town-ship
1497903 24,000 4 Genesee 2.81 34 0.27 11 1.41 1.33 0.35 0.12 IV
13 N I 475 Mt Mor-ris Town-ship
1497903 21,700 4 Genesee 1.67 35 0.27 6 0.74 1.29 0.16 0.08 IV
14 E I 69 City of Imlay City
756502 15,349 4 Lapeer 0.52 9 0.27 3 0.18 1.40 0.05 0.04 IV
15 E I 69 City of Lapeer
756502 24,648 4 Lapeer 0.88 10 0.97 8 1.56 1.46 0.49 0.24 III
16 E I 69 City of Flint
1494005 49,000 6 Genesee 4.83 17 0.66 218 49.01 5.40 39.94 3.63 II
17 E I 69 Flint Town-ship
1494005 58,600 6 Genesee 0.46 22 0.66 13 3.89 3.72 2.84 0.92 II
18 E I 69 City of Flint
1494005 58,600 6 Genesee 0.03 0 0.66 1 0.29 4.49 0.22 0.28 II
19 E I 69 Imlay Town-ship
756502 17,578 4 Lapeer 1.49 13 0.97 7 1.57 1.15 0.20 0.19 II
Note: The remaining freeway segments are LOSS I resulting in a list of only 29 segments.
70 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table C-4 Priority Freeway Segments Spot List
Rank-ing
RD-NAME
MCD PR aadt_vn
Lanes County Length_Mi
Unique-ID
Nobs FI
Years Nexp E/P E-P LOSS
1 N I 75 Flint Town-ship
1497804 72,193 6 Genesee 5.55 26 243 5 83.58 5.33 67.92 I
2 E I 69 City of Flint 1494005 49,000 6 Genesee 4.83 17 218 5 49.01 5.40 39.94 II3 N I 475 City of Flint 1497903 26,347 6 Genesee 6.99 32 283 5 30.59 4.24 23.38 IV4 N I 75 Grand Blanc
Township1497804 59,029 6 Genesee 6.36 27 103 5 35.96 2.49 21.49 I
5 N I 75 Vienna Township
1497804 69,100 8 Genesee 6.07 30 83 5 39.18 2.06 20.14 I
6 N I 75 Mt Morris Township
1497804 62,600 6 Genesee 6.14 28 93 5 29.14 2.09 15.19 I
7 N US 23 Mundy Township
1502907 54,921 4 Genesee 6.04 39 96 5 15.52 2.96 10.28 IV
8 N US 23 Fenton Township
1502907 52,329 4 Genesee 3.64 38 57 5 18.60 2.14 9.90 I
9 N US 23 City of Fenton
1502907 52,566 4 Genesee 2.79 37 83 5 10.89 4.70 8.57 IV
10 E I 69 City of Burton
1494005 59,200 6 Genesee 3.08 16 37 5 14.42 2.05 7.38 I
11 N I 75 City of Flint 1497804 105,600 8 Genesee 0.50 25 17 5 9.19 3.69 6.70 I12 E I 69 Flint Town-
ship1494005 47,700 6 Genesee 2.11 23 37 5 10.04 2.60 6.18 I
13 N I 75 Flint Town-ship
1497804 105,600 8 Genesee 0.50 1 14 5 7.84 3.15 5.35 I
14 E I 69 Davison Township
1494005 37,710 4 Genesee 6.11 21 68 5 7.94 2.21 4.35 IV
15 E I 69 Flint Town-ship
1494005 58,600 6 Genesee 0.46 22 13 5 3.89 3.72 2.84 II
16 E I 69 Shiawassee Township
550708 31,401 4 Shiawassee 6.31 4 37 5 12.07 1.28 2.65 I
17 E I 69 Elba Town-ship
756502 27,729 4 Lapeer 6.13 11 38 5 10.61 1.29 2.39 I
18 E I 69 Woodhull Township
550708 31,401 4 Shiawassee 4.83 7 28 5 9.21 1.28 2.00 I
19 E I 69 Clayton Township
1494005 30,997 4 Genesee 3.97 20 26 5 7.79 1.33 1.93 I
20 N I 75 Mundy Township
1497804 30,165 4 Genesee 2.76 29 32 5 2.80 2.16 1.51 IV
21 N I 475 Genesee Township
1497903 25,000 6 Genesee 1.81 33 20 5 3.19 1.80 1.42 IV
22 E I 69 Flint Town-ship
1494005 39,293 4 Genesee 1.57 24 18 5 2.18 2.27 1.22 IV
23 E I 69 Perry Town-ship
550708 31,401 4 Shiawassee 6.59 3 23 5 10.94 1.11 1.10 I
24 E I 69 City of Flint 1494005 39,293 4 Genesee 0.41 18 15 5 1.30 5.17 1.05 IV25 E I 69 Vernon
Township550708 24,432 4 Shiawassee 5.09 6 26 5 2.82 1.44 0.87 IV
71 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table C-5 Priority Non- Freeway Segments Spot List
Rank Name PR Label aadt_vn Lanes County Length_Mi
Unique-ID
Nobs FI Nexp E/P E-P
1 Lapeer Rd 1495003 Davison Town-ship
8,265 2 Genesee 5.99 286 62 52.50 14.85 48.96
2 Linden Rd 3251558 Flint Township 21,861 4 Genesee 5.59 644 50 41.63 11.25 37.933 N Dort Hwy 1497008 City of Flint 15,761 4 Genesee 6.87 305 47 38.78 12.40 35.664 E Hill Rd 1519809 Mundy Township 12,264 4 Genesee 6.02 518 43 33.41 16.17 31.345 Miller Rd 1519805 Flint Township 11,806 4 Genesee 2.81 515 50 31.87 34.42 30.946 S VanDyke Rd 755909 City of Imlay City 16,096 4 Lapeer 2.27 192 48 31.40 29.62 30.347 Clio Rd 1497102 Grand Blanc
Township16,805 4 Genesee 5.36 314 36 28.86 10.99 26.24
8 State Rd 1501502 Davison Town-ship
13,570 2 Genesee 4.63 387 34 29.76 5.80 24.64
9 E Grand Blanc Rd
1519606 Grand Blanc Township
13,521 2 Genesee 2.60 507 34 27.10 9.45 24.23
10 E Hill Rd 1519809 Grand Blanc Township
13,181 2 Genesee 5.53 517 33 29.47 5.01 23.59
11 Irish Rd 1522902 Davison Town-ship
8,408 2 Genesee 5.99 538 29 24.92 6.92 21.32
12 N Belsay Rd 1495110 City of Burton 6,002 2 Genesee 5.99 288 29 23.42 9.39 20.9313 W Imlay City
Rd3251545 City of Lapeer 11,717 4 Lapeer 4.12 631 31 22.03 16.38 20.68
14 Corunna Rd 1494107 Flint Township 18,494 4 Genesee 3.56 265 28 21.17 10.90 19.2315 Clio Rd 1497102 City of Grand
Blanc27,292 4 Genesee 1.93 311 28 20.00 12.15 18.35
16 Genesee Rd 1520305 Genesee Town-ship
9,542 4 Genesee 6.10 525 26 19.46 12.26 17.87
17 N Ballenger Hwy
1496104 City of Flint 20,405 4 Genesee 3.23 299 26 19.65 9.95 17.67
18 Vienna Rd 1494503 Vienna Township 22,324 4 Genesee 5.00 279 25 20.72 6.12 17.3319 Lapeer Rd 754110 City of Lapeer 13,175 4 Lapeer 3.54 149 26 18.33 13.91 17.0220 E Pierson Rd 1512407 Mt Morris Town-
ship18,201 4 Genesee 4.04 484 36 23.16 3.64 16.80
21 M 21 551310 Caledonia Town-ship
11,865 2 Shiawassee 5.47 27 44 16.41 6.95 14.05
22 S VanDyke Rd 755909 Imlay Township 8,482 2 Lapeer 3.97 194 20 16.13 6.68 13.7123 N Dort Hwy 1497008 Genesee Town-
ship10,268 4 Genesee 4.13 306 21 14.56 12.49 13.40
24 Torrey Rd 1503101 Mundy Township 3,757 2 Genesee 5.85 411 21 14.80 9.22 13.2025 W Shiawassee
Ave1511005 City of Fenton
14,087 2 Genesee 2.12 473 20 15.60 6.31 13.12
72 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table C-6 Priority Non- Freeway Segments Systemic List
Rank Name PR Label aadt_vn Lanes County Length_Mi
E/P E-P Deviation LOSS
1 Seymour Rd 1509803 Gaines Town-ship
2,728 2 Genesee 5.26 3.31 1.20 0.37 IV
2 Dodge Rd 3250252 Forest Township 2,640 2 Genesee 6.06 2.82 1.06 0.32 IV3 State Rd 552701 New Haven
Township2,545 2 Shiawassee 6.16 2.80 1.03 0.31 IV
4 Elms Rd 1523901 Vienna Town-ship
2,377 2 Genesee 6.05 2.68 0.88 0.28 IV
5 Byron Rd 555909 Vernon Town-ship
2,563 2 Shiawassee 4.51 2.79 0.75 0.27 IV
6 Newark Rd 3441599 Lapeer Town-ship
2,198 2 Lapeer 4.96 2.87 0.74 0.25 IV
7 Byron Rd 555909 Burns Township 2,563 2 Shiawassee 3.46 3.05 0.66 0.26 IV8 Genesee Rd 755010 Elba Township 1,722 2 Lapeer 4.77 3.00 0.60 0.20 IV9 Washburn Rd 1514409 Forest Township 1,681 2 Genesee 5.04 2.90 0.58 0.19 IV10 E Coldwater Rd 1512801 Richfield Town-
ship2,075 2 Genesee 3.01 3.44 0.55 0.22 IV
11 Columbiaville Rd
760209 Marathon Township
1,895 2 Lapeer 2.89 3.57 0.51 0.20 IV
12 Durand Rd 556307 Vernon Town-ship
2,272 2 Shiawassee 4.59 2.32 0.50 0.20 IV
13 Marathon Rd 758901 Oregon Town-ship
1,745 2 Lapeer 2.65 3.83 0.48 0.19 IV
14 Burnside Rd 761802 Deerfield Town-ship
2,029 2 Lapeer 3.99 2.55 0.46 0.18 IV
15 S Byron Rd 552002 Burns Township 1,842 2 Shiawassee 2.64 3.41 0.43 0.18 IV16 E Atherton Rd 1497208 Davison Town-
ship1,830 2 Genesee 3.45 2.83 0.42 0.17 IV
17 N Delaney Rd 555102 Owosso Town-ship
1,824 2 Shiawassee 5.78 2.06 0.41 0.16 IV
18 Durand Rd 556307 Hazelton Town-ship
1,386 2 Shiawassee 6.08 2.23 0.38 0.13 IV
19 N Chipman Rd 555105 Owosso Town-ship
1,312 2 Shiawassee 4.20 2.81 0.36 0.13 IV
20 Durand Rd 556307 Burns Township 2,272 2 Shiawassee 2.31 2.77 0.34 0.17 IV21 Lippincott Rd 761309 Elba Township 1,774 2 Lapeer 3.67 2.42 0.34 0.15 IV22 Baldwin Rd 761305 Metamora
Township1,169 2 Lapeer 6.06 2.25 0.32 0.11 IV
23 Durand Rd 556307 Venice Town-ship
1,165 2 Shiawassee 6.11 2.24 0.32 0.11 IV
24 E Stanley Rd 1501908 Richfield Town-ship
1,593 2 Genesee 1.99 3.71 0.31 0.15 IV
25 E Mount Morris Rd
1500910 Richfield Town-ship
2,068 2 Genesee 3.02 2.35 0.31 0.15 IV
73 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table C-7 Priority Pedestrian Safety ListPedestrian Pre-
dictedRank Unique_
IDName1 Name2 Legs County Latitude Longitude AADT_
MajAADT_Min
Excess Per Year
1 724 Ballenger Beecher 4 Genesee 43.01 -83.73 20,405 9,536 0.08112 1355 Court Dort 4 Genesee 43.02 -83.65 21,079 7,982 0.07993 1382 Davison Center 4 Genesee 43.03 -83.64 16,500 9,882 0.07604 146 Washington Main 4 Shiawassee 43.00 -84.17 16,495 3,362 0.06525 595 Bristol Fenton 4 Genesee 42.97 -83.69 19,856 10,807 0.06126 1280 Perry Saginaw 4 Genesee 42.92 -83.63 30,160 9,916 0.05347 1658 Genesee Main 4 Lapeer 43.05 -83.32 24,415 11,717 0.05118 1283 Perry Perry 3 Genesee 42.93 -83.62 15,100 4,324 0.04889 1223 Vienna Mill 4 Genesee 43.18 -83.73 16,814 5,575 0.048410 1035 Pierson Fleming 4 Genesee 43.06 -83.72 14,152 3,782 0.047211 1057 Pierson Saginaw 4 Genesee 43.06 -83.69 20,000 9,632 0.046812 359 Leroy Silver
Lake 4 Genesee 42.80 -83.70 17,821 6,529 0.0427
13 607 Atherton Fenton 4 Genesee 42.99 -83.69 12,066 2,712 0.042614 1340 Atherton Dort 4 Genesee 42.99 -83.65 19,499 13,969 0.041815 719 Court Ballenger 4 Genesee 43.01 -83.73 20,405 11,928 0.041516 129 Shiawassee Main 4 Shiawassee 43.00 -84.18 19,697 11,238 0.040717 720 Corunna Ballenger 4 Genesee 43.00 -83.73 18,700 10,550 0.039718 715 Corunna N I 75/
Corunna 3 Genesee 43.00 -83.75 24,059 11,493 0.0383
19 662 Corunna Corunna 3 Genesee 43.00 -83.76 28,623 7,420 0.038120 1033 Clio Pierson 4 Genesee 43.06 -83.73 14,526 12,613 0.037521 812 5th Saginaw 4 Genesee 43.01 -83.69 13,715 9,156 0.035122 296 Broad Bridge 4 Genesee 42.81 -83.78 125,034 10,972 0.034723 125 Main Chipman 4 Shiawassee 43.00 -84.19 17,440 4,249 0.034124 1037 Pierson Dupont 4 Genesee 43.06 -83.71 13,470 7,188 0.033825 743 Pasadena Clio 4 Genesee 43.05 -83.73 12,256 8,565 0.0335
74 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Table C-8 Priority Bicycle Safety List
Rank-ing
Unique_ID
Name1 Name2 Legs County Latitude Longitude AADT_Maj AADT_Min
Excess Per Year
1 129 Shiawassee Main 4 Shiawassee 42.99758765 -84.17685967 19,697 11,238 0.10452 1283 Perry Perry 3 Genesee 42.92519955 -83.61643061 15,100 4,324 0.05093 1360 Davison Dort 4 Genesee 43.03290536 -83.65531265 15,191 7,144 0.04414 1658 Genesee Main 4 Lapeer 43.0507647 -83.3186247 24,415 11,717 0.04345 1223 Vienna Mill 4 Genesee 43.17737822 -83.73458927 16,814 5,575 0.04026 149 Main Park 4 Shiawassee 42.99749681 -84.16939105 16,495 2,908 0.02997 1339 Lippincott Dort 4 Genesee 43.00375093 -83.65402112 19,444 4,422 0.02908 993 N I 475 Robert T
Longway 4 Genesee 43.02553279 -83.68080396 54,100 11,075 0.0265
9 146 Washington Main 4 Shiawassee 42.99752506 -84.17064278 16,495 3,362 0.026110 928 Court N I 475 4 Genesee 43.01504923 -83.68235248 58,200 8,955 0.026111 326 Poplar Silver
Lake 3 Genesee 42.80158688 -83.72203754 9,824 9,092 0.0235
12 611 Atherton N I 475 4 Genesee 42.9888652 -83.68244748 47,100 12,066 0.022313 1280 Perry Saginaw 4 Genesee 42.92410553 -83.6259661 30,160 9,916 0.022014 561 Miller S I 75/I 69 4 Genesee 42.98949592 -83.73903114 30,790 20,475 0.021615 188 River Corunna 4 Shiawassee 42.9840965 -84.13417682 6,600 1,983 0.020916 1496 Flint State 4 Genesee 43.03467064 -83.51801782 24,622 20,114 0.020217 1057 Pierson Saginaw 4 Genesee 43.06097378 -83.69382875 20,000 9,632 0.019418 604 Hemphill N I 475 4 Genesee 42.98154114 -83.68211094 35,250 8,526 0.019319 1562 Genesee Millville 4 Lapeer 43.05018445 -83.34257487 13,396 5,966 0.018720 1340 Atherton Dort 4 Genesee 42.98916231 -83.65341421 19,499 13,969 0.017621 573 Bristol Van Slyke 4 Genesee 42.97379776 -83.71283569 20,883 12,108 0.017622 735 Ballenger Flushing 4 Genesee 43.0244731 -83.73174238 21,053 11,302 0.017423 1665 Genesee Saginaw 4 Lapeer 43.05092238 -83.30503502 13,469 8,640 0.016924 1300 Hill Center 4 Genesee 42.94501317 -83.63271444 13,103 8,631 0.016825 599 Bristol Grand
Traverse 4 Genesee 42.97426829 -83.68128584 25,007 6,684 0.0167
75 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix D: GLS Region V Countermeasures Benefits
GLS Region V – Countermeasure Benefits Intersection Countermeasures
Strategy Combined CMF No. of Intersections
F‐I Crashes
Prevented Each Year
Fatal (K)
Serious Injury (A)
Crash Cost Benefits per
Year
Benefits per Site per Year
Countermeasure Cost per Site
15‐Year B/C Ratio
Signal Optimization and Timing Updates1 0.9 554 28 0.3 1 $2,846,500 $5,138.09 $3,610 21.3
Lighting 0.91 297 14 0.1 1 $1,432,921 $4,824.65 $5,000 14.5
Signal Backplates 0.85 554 43 0.5 2 $4,465,267 $8,060.05 $2,400 50.4
Combined ‐ Lighting, Supplemental Signal Heads, Signal per Lane, Overhead Street Name Signs, Backplates
0.71 (Flint/Grand Blanc) / 0.65
(All)
554 113 1.2 6 $11,641,828 $21,014.13 $20,028 15.7
Conversion to Box Span Configuration ‐ 2/3rds of the Existing Signals 0.897 370 20 0.2 1 $2,033,506 $5,495.96 $50,000 1.6
Pedestrian Countdown Signals ‐ 1/3rd of Existing Signals 0.927 183 7 0.1 0 $699,048 $3,819.94 $5,000 11.5
Total 225 2 12 $23,119,070 48,353 $86,038 8.4
Assumptions:
For Left‐Turn Phasing and Interval Recalculation, a total project budget of $500k was assumed for the region. For Signal Optimization and Timing Updates a total project budget of $2 Million was assumed for the region. MDOT’s 2016 Average Unit Prices were used to estimate signal related upgrades. Flint and Grand Blanc were assumed to have lighted intersections.
Intersection Characteristics:
Total Intersections: 560 (excess expected crashes >1) Outside of Flint or Grand Blanc: 297 3‐Legged: 201
76 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
GLS Region V – Countermeasure Benefits Non‐Freeway Segment Countermeasures
Strategy Combined CMF Miles of Roadwa
y
Overall F‐I
Prevented Each Year
Fatal (K)
Serious
Injury (A)
Crash Cost Benefits per Year
Benefits per Mile per Year
Countermeasure Cost per Mile
15‐Year B/C Ratio
Rumble Strips Centerline Rumble Strips (Applied to LOSS III & IV Segments) 0.85 490.95 11 0.2 1 $1,086,030 $2,212.10 $1,000 33.2
Centerline Rumble Strips (Local Agency Federal‐Aid Roadways) 0.85 770.21 22 0.4 2 $2,295,434 $2,980.27 $1,000 44.7
Centerline and Shoulder Rumble Strips (Local Agency Federal‐Aid Roadways) 0.771 770.21 105 2.1 8 $10,841,61
8 $14,076.1
9 $5,000 42.2
Signing
Clearview Font & Fluorescent Sign Sheeting .711 (Urban) / .927 (Rural) 1559.01 134 2.6 10 $13,760,54
2 $8,826.46 $900 147.1
Fluorescent Sign Sheeting (Rural Local Agency Federal‐Aid Roadways) 0.972 770.21 4 0.1 0 $419,482 $544.63 $900 9.1
Clearview Font & Fluorescent Sign Sheeting (Rural Local Agency Federal‐Aid Roadways) 0.927 770.21 11 0.2 1 $1,102,116 $1,430.93 $900 23.8
Geometric
Safety Edge (Rural Only)* 0.932 944.76 18 0.4 1 $1,859,477 $1,968.20 ‐ ‐
Increase Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity (Rural Areas Only) 0.717 944.76 79 1.6 6 $8,146,453 $8,622.78 $15,840 0.5
20% Reduction in Access Point Density (Urban Only) F(x) 614.25 26 0.5 2 $3,396,690 $5,529.82 ‐ ‐
5% Mean Speed Reduction (All Roadways) 0.929 1559.01 43 0.8 3 $4,430,114 $2,841.62 $5,000 8.5
10% Mean Speed Reduction (All Roadways) 0.85 1559.01 94 1.9 7 $9,710,492 $6,228.63 $5,000 18.7
15% Mean Speed Reduction (All Roadways) 0.78 1559.01 143 2.8 11 $14,746,359 $9,458.80 $5,000 28.4
Total 453 9 35 $47,337,957 49,033 $30,540 24.1
Assumptions:
Sign Upgrade Costs: 6 signs per mile at $150 per sign Pavement Marking Costs: 3 per linear foot of roadway at $3 per foot CLRS and SRS cost assumed at least triple with buffer compared to CLRS only.
Non‐Freeway Roadway Characteristics:
Mileage by Level of Service Safety Category: o LOSS I – 256.06
77 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
GLS Region V – Countermeasure Benefits o LOSS II – 807.92 o LOSS III – 100.57 o LOSS IV – 394.46
Mileage by Area Type: o Rural – 944.76 o Urban – 614.25
By Jurisdiction o MDOT – 252.54 o Federal‐Aid Local Agency – 1306.47 o Rural Federal‐Aid Local Agency – 770.21
78 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix E: Potential Funding SourcesCongestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) The CMAQ program funds transportation projects or programs that will contribute to the attainment or maintenance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ozone, carbon monoxide (CO), or particulate matter (PM). These projects will typically include:
• Transit investments, including transit vehicle acquisitions and construction of new facilities or improvements to facilities that increase transit capacity.
• Projects that improve traffic flow, including efforts to provide signal systemization, construct HOV lanes, streamline intersections, add turning lanes, and improve transportation systems management and operations that mitigate congestion and improve air quality.
• Non-recreational bicycle transportation and pedestrian improvements that provide a reduction in single-occupant vehicle travel.
• Establishment or operation of a traffic monitoring, management, and control facilities.
Highway Safety Implementation ProgramThe HSIP is a core Federal-aid program. The goal of the program is similar to RTSP is to achieve a significant reduction in traffic fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads, including non-State-owned public roads and roads on tribal lands. Safety infrastructure-related improvements, as well as non-infrastructure safety projects, are eligible for HSIP funds if identified through a data-driven process.
The Federal share for highway safety improvement projects is 90 percent, certain types of highway safety improvement projects to be funded at 100 percent (i.e., traffic control signalization, traffic circles, safety rest areas, pavement marking, commuter carpooling and vanpooling, rail-highway crossing closure, or installation of traffic signs, traffic lights, guardrails, impact attenuators, concrete barrier end treatments, breakaway utility poles, or priority control systems for emergency vehicles or transit vehicles at signalized intersections). MAP-21 added two project types to this list that are eligible for 100 percent Federal share: (1) maintaining minimum levels of retroreflectivity of highway signs or pavement markings, and (2) shoulder and centerline rumble strips and stripes.
MDOT Safety Program
MDOT announces the solicitation of applications each year in June. Local Safety Program which uses federal funds for high safety improvements on local roadway system. All locally controlled roadways, regardless of National Functional Classification, are eligible for the Local Safety Program. Agencies may submit more than one project application for consideration.
Rural Task Force Program
The Rural Task Force Program provides federal dollars to rural counties with a population under 400,000 (78 out of 83 counties). These dollars must be spent in their geographic areas and both road and transit capital projects are eligible.
79 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
The money is provided within two funding sources:
Surface Transportation Program (STP) Rural for improving the federal aid system; and Transportation Economic Development Fund (TEDF) Category D for building an all-season network.
All project selection is through the Rural Task Force which is comprised of equal representation from the county road commission, the cities and villages under 5,000 population within the county, and the rural transit provider. http://www.michigan.gov/mdot/0,4616,7-151-9621_17216_54903-227096--,00.html.
Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)
TAP is a competitive grant program that funds projects such as bike paths, streetscapes, and historic preservation of transportation facilities that enhance Michigan’s intermodal transportation system, promote walkability, and improve quality of life for Michigan citizens. Eligible applicants include incorporated cities and villages, county road commissions, and public transit agencies. Other organizations can apply, but they must be sponsored by one of the eligible applicants as described.
Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program
Safe Routes to School is combined with the Transportation Enhancements and Recreational Trails programs under Transportation Alternatives. Safe Routes to School activities are eligible for funding under Transportation Alternatives. Safe Routes to School (SR2S/SRTS) funds both infrastructure and non-infrastructure projects.
The purpose of the Safe Routes to School program is:
l To enable and encourage all children to walk or bike to school. l To make bicycling and walking to school safer and more appealing alternative modes of transportation.
l To develop projects and encourage activities that will improve student health and safety while reducing traffic, fuel consumption, and air pollution in the vicinity of schools.
Small Urban
The Small Urban Program provides federal Surface Transportation Program (STP) funding to areas with populations between 5,000 and 49,999. Road and transit capital projects are eligible for STP funds.
Transportation Economic Development Fund (TEDF)
TEDF provides funding for transportation improvements that enhance the state’s ability to compete in a global economy, promote economic growth and improve the quality of life in the State of Michigan.
80 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ)
The CMAQ program funds transportation projects or programs that will contribute to the attainment or maintenance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ozone, carbon monoxide (CO), or particulate matter (PM). These projects will typically include:
l Transit investments, including transit vehicle acquisitions and construction of new facilities or improvements to facilities that increase transit capacity.
l Projects that improve traffic flow, including efforts to provide signal systemization, construct HOV lanes, streamline intersections, add turning lanes, and improve transportation systems management and operations that mitigate congestion and improve air quality.
l Non-recreational bicycle transportation and pedestrian improvements that provide a reduction in single-occupant vehicle travel.
l Establishment or operation of a traffic monitoring, management, and control facilities.
Source: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/map21/guidance/guidecmaq.cfm
81 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix F: Summary of Stakeholder Meetings 1 and 2GLS Region V Stakeholder Meeting # 1Group Summaries
1. How do your traffic safety concerns align with the data presented?1) Lower early morning KA crashes – More B,C & PDO crashes2) Alcohol related crashes really high3) Under reported – distracted driving
2. What are the three most important concerns facing the region?1) Distracted driving – Young Drivers2) Road conditions3) Reactive system of funding4) Intersection Safetyi. Signal timing reviewii. Crash reduction5) Distracted driving6) Impaired Driving (drugs, alcohol)7) Inexperienced drivers8) Speeding
3. What do we need to be doing to address the safety issues of the future?
1) Education / Outreach2) Funding3) Proactive system of funding4) Intersection Realignment of Skewed Intersections5) Driver Education (Young drivers)6) $$$ for engineering and enforcement7) Tech incentives used for safe driving
List of Concerns from Stakeholders• Teen pedestrians• Bus (Transit) Safety• Distracted driving (7 checkmarks)• Training for responders• M-15 + Green Rd• Roundabouts• We need $ - systemic• Freeway crashes• Intersections• Trucks on M-57 (near landfill)• Work Zone safety (1 checkmark)
82 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
• Pavement conditions• School bus safety• Teen drivers• Intoxicated drivers (1 checkmark)• Senior drivers• M-24 / Teri• Dark signals• Lack of funding• Reactive nature of funding• Bike / Ped safety• Autonomous vehicles• M-15 – passing on shoulder• Red light on school districts• Speeding / traffic calming• Fixed objects• Intersections
GLS Region V Stakeholder Meeting # 2Group 1
1. Identify top three high priority emphasis areas
1) Intersection2) Lane departure3) Young drivers (16-24)
2. What strategies have you applied and worked in your area?
1) Sidewalk M-542) Pedestrian crashes3) More lights at intersections4) Long yellow signal at intersection5) Cable median barrier6) Removing unwarranted signals7) Centerline and shoulder rumble strips8) TZD presentations to local stakeholders9) Getting into communications schools to educated10) County notifications – proper reporting11) Public awareness of crashes12) More trainings, laws, education for young drivers13) Driver education training14) Traffic enforcement zones15) Radar trailers16) TIM responder training17) New technology at signalized intersections18) Lollipops/rumble strips at non-signalized intersections
83 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
3. What strategies have you applied and didn’t work in your area?
1) Posting same safety message all month2) UD 23 Lee Rd roundabout3) Multi-lane roundabout
4. Identify top ten strategies for the plan
1) Rumble strips2) Sidewalk along U543) Signals – more longer yellows4) TIM responder training5) Traffic enforcement zones6) Radar trailers – speed7) Public awareness of crashes8) Driver education training – increase crash awareness education9) Cable median barrier10) Remove unwarranted signals
Group 2
1. Identify top three high priority emphasis areas
1) Intersection2) Lane departure3) Young drivers (16-24)
2. What strategies have you applied and worked in your area?
1) Traffic lights2) Intersection
i. High cost – roundaboutsii. Low cost – flashers, signs
3) Better lighting at intersections stop signs4) Posted speed limits5) Promo videos to younger drivers – high school6) High school drunk driving7) Social media norms8) Increase visibility9) Officer training (ouid drugs)10) Review application for liquor license11) Increased signage
3. What strategies have you applied and didn’t work in your area?
1) Traffic control devices, signal placement, timing2) Alcohol
i. Liquor control commission did not practice due diligence3) Roundabout4) Distracted driving targeted enforcement (jury still out)
84 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
4. Identify top ten strategies for the plan
1) Intersection (Roundabout, flasher signs/markings)2) Traffic lights3) Intersection lighting4) Increased signage5) Social media – Young drivers6) Increase visibility7) Better review application for liquor license8) DUI training for officers9) Promo videos to younger drivers/prom drunk driving
Group 3
1. Identify top three high priority emphasis areas
1) Intersection2) Lane departure3) Pedestrian4) Impaired driving crashes (Alcohol and Drug related)
2 What strategies have you applied and worked in your area?
1) Wide shoulder2) Lighting3) Rumble strips centerline and shoulder4) Culvert and sections headwalls5) Ditch slopes6) Road diet7) Signs8) Solar flashers9) Roundabouts10) Signal timing11) Signal removal 12) Pavement markings13) Enforcement (alcohol, speed, red light running)14) Increased patrol, select enforcement15) License renewal testing16) DMS signs with fatality counts17) Increased statewide UD10 training18) Mi-TIME training19) 2 tier driver license
3. What strategies have you applied and didn’t work in your area?
1) Jail over crowding2) Raising the speed limit3) Plea deals in court systems4) Current laws don’t work – enforcement5) Lack of communication to partners
85 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
4. Identify top ten strategies for the plan
1) Intersectioni. Signsii. Lightingiii. Pavement markingsiv. Education on signal operation (e.g. flashing arrow)v. Signal warrantsvi. Signal timing
2) Rumble strips (centerline and shoulder)3) Drug recognition experts 4) Targeted enforcement5) Education (young, senior, targeted)
Prioritize Strategies and Votes
1. Rumble strips (centerline and shoulder) -122. Social media – Young drivers - 113. Targeted enforcement - 114. Education (young, senior, targeted) - 115. Remove unwarranted signals – 96. Intersection lighting - 87. Promo videos to younger drivers/prom drunk driving - 78. Public awareness of crashes - 69. Traffic enforcement zones -510. Increase visibility - 511. Signals – more longer yellows -412. Cable median barrier - 413. TIM responder training - 414. Intersection (Roundabout, flasher signs/markings) - 415. Radar trailers – speed -316. Better review application for liquor license - 317. Drug recognition experts -318. Driver education training – increase crash awareness education - 219. Intersectiona. Signs -1
b. Education on signal operation (e.g. flashing arrow) -3 c. Signal warrantsd. Signal timing
20. Traffic lights21. Increased signage22. DUI training for officers23. Sidewalk along U54
86 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix G: Proposed Engineering CountermeasuresTable G-1 Signalized Intersection Focused Countermeasures
Countermeasure Photo
Effectiveness(F&I crashes unless
noted) CostReflective backplates* >15% $
Overhead street name signs*
>15% $
Far left-traffic signals* >15% $$
Provide one signal per lane on high speed road-ways*
>15% $$$
87 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Countermeasure Photo
Effectiveness(F&I crashes unless
noted) CostLighting* >10% $$$
Flashing yellow arrows* >9% for left-turn head-on crashes
$$
Provide up arrows in signal displays near ramp terminals and one-way streets
N/A $
Enhanced right-turn lanes
>15% $$$
Provide positively offset left-turn lanes using pavement markings where a permissive phase is used
>20% $$$$
88 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Countermeasure Photo
Effectiveness(F&I crashes unless
noted) CostRemove unwarranted traffic signals
>25% $$
Advanced warning flashers
>20% $$
Table G-2 Stop Controlled Intersection Focused Countermeasures
Countermeasure Photo Effectiveness CostStop sign flashing beacons >15% $$
Lighting
Source: FHWA
>10% $$$
Median mounted stop signs
Photo to be included in final draft >10% $$$
89 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Countermeasure Photo Effectiveness CostTransverse rumble strips
Photo source: MDOT
>10% $$
Table G-3 Lane Departure Focused Countermeasures
Countermeasure Photo Effectiveness CostPaved Shoulders* >40% for fatal
<5% for injury$$$
Shoulder rumble strips*
>20% for lane departure F&I crashes
$$
Centerline rumble strips*
>45% for lane departure F&I crashes
$$
Fluorescent yellow sheeting on warning signs*
>25% $
90 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Countermeasure Photo Effectiveness CostEnhanced sign sheet-ing with Clearview font*
Photo to be included in final report >30% $
Safety edge* Photo to be included in final report >10% of lane departure F&I $$$Increase pavement marking retroreflec-tivity*
>10% $
Wider edge lines* >35% $
Table G-4 Pedestrian Focused Engineering Countermeasures
Countermeasure Photo Effectiveness CostSidewalks N/A $$$$
Pedestrian count-down signals
Photo to be included in final report
$$
Pedestrian bump-outs
Photo to be included in final report >45% for pedestrian related F&I crashes
$$$
Pedestrian cross-ings at appropriate intervals
>40% for pedestrian related F&I crashes
$$$
91 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Countermeasure Photo Effectiveness CostRectangular rapids flashing beacons
>80% of driver yielding to pedestri-ans. No crash modification factor
has bee developed
$$
Pedestrian hybrid beacons
>30% for pedestrian related F&I crashes
$$$
Lighting $$$
Medians $$$$
92 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Appendix H: Preliminary Roundabout Screening Using HSM
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
E Bristol Rd Fenton Rd Genesee 42.97405991 -83.69275551 21,190 14,111 6.5 22.6 35,301 Double 2.0 17.7 4.6 4.9Fenton Rd E Hill Rd Genesee 42.94421211 -83.69210587 23,259 12,631 6.1 29.0 35,890 Double 1.8 22.7 4.3 6.3Miller Rd S Linden Rd Genesee 42.97589565 -83.77195518 18,737 8,017 5.3 21.9 26,754 Double 1.6 17.1 3.7 4.7E Grand Blanc Rd Dort Hwy Genesee 42.91607499 -83.64878998 13,678 13,277 4.8 16.2 26,955 Double 1.4 12.6 3.3 3.5Corunna Rd S Ballenger Hwy Genesee 43.0023646 -83.73335655 18,118 9,574 5.0 24.8 27,692 Double 1.5 19.5 3.5 5.4W Bristol Rd Van Slyke Rd Genesee 42.97379776 -83.71283569 19,200 11,619 5.0 22.1 30,818 Double 1.5 17.3 3.5 4.8W Atherton Rd S Grand Traverse St Genesee 42.98884763 -83.68320008 14,032 7,218 4.2 18.6 21,250 Single 1.3 14.5 3.0 4.0E Atherton Rd S Saginaw St Genesee 42.98895485 -83.67608247 14,032 11,003 4.3 11.9 25,035 Single 1.3 9.3 3.0 2.6W Atherton Rd Fenton Rd Genesee 42.98869346 -83.69301417 14,032 4,661 4.0 17.5 18,693 Single 1.2 13.7 2.8 3.8Richfield Rd Western Rd Genesee 43.05077027 -83.65541412 10,169 5,566 3.7 9.9 15,735 Single 1.1 7.7 2.6 2.1W 5th Ave N Grand Traverse St Genesee 43.02085611 -83.70122869 11,158 7,544 3.7 13.7 18,702 Single 1.1 10.7 2.6 3.0Lapeer Rd S Dort Hwy Genesee 43.00967354 -83.65424529 23,063 6,615 4.7 17.9 29,678 Double 1.4 14.0 3.3 3.9Cesar Chavez Dr Robert T Longway Blvd N Genesee 43.02569234 -83.68151049 18,147 11,123 4.4 15.0 29,270 Double 1.3 11.7 3.1 3.2M 21 State Rd Shiawassee 42.99843559 -84.11891276 15,354 8,100 4.1 15.2 23,453 Single 1.2 11.9 2.8 3.3W Pierson Rd Dupont St Genesee 43.06092822 -83.71394726 12,657 7,258 3.7 8.3 19,914 Single 1.1 6.5 2.6 1.8Lapeer Rd S State Rd Genesee 43.01466877 -83.51754947 27,791 8,706 5.1 29.8 36,497 Double 1.5 23.3 3.5 6.5Corunna Rd S Linden Rd Genesee 43.00202544 -83.77271942 24,333 17,971 5.1 35.4 42,304 Double 1.5 27.7 3.6 7.7W Hemphill Rd S Grand Traverse St Genesee 42.98153545 -83.68291981 8,221 7,218 3.3 11.1 15,439 Single 1.0 8.7 2.3 2.4E 5th Ave N Saginaw St Genesee 43.02345821 -83.69351289 11,158 5,496 3.4 14.8 16,654 Single 1.0 11.6 2.4 3.2E Genesee St N Main St Lapeer 43.0507647 -83.3186247 25,282 14,469 4.9 27.6 39,751 Double 1.5 21.6 3.4 6.0Lennon Rd S Linden Rd Genesee 42.98735453 -83.7723186 18,174 9,592 4.1 21.9 27,765 Double 1.2 17.1 2.9 4.8W Baldwin Rd Fenton Rd Genesee 42.88580267 -83.69714355 9,775 6,453 3.2 9.9 16,228 Single 1.0 7.8 2.2 2.2Robert T Longway Blvd N Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.02549778 -83.68038894 18,147 1,652 3.5 14.1 19,799 Single 1.0 11.0 2.4 3.1E Atherton Rd S Center Rd Genesee 42.98954286 -83.6337557 17,838 9,320 3.9 16.2 27,158 Double 1.2 12.7 2.8 3.5Lippincott Blvd S Dort Hwy Genesee 43.00375093 -83.65402112 19,910 4,422 3.7 12.7 24,332 Single 1.1 9.9 2.6 2.8E Bristol Rd S Saginaw St Genesee 42.97443413 -83.67264837 22,823 12,194 4.3 17.8 35,016 Double 1.3 13.9 3.0 3.9M 21 N Gould St Shiawassee 42.99765428 -84.15780912 20,155 8,040 3.8 16.8 28,194 Double 1.2 13.2 2.7 3.6N Cedar St E Capac Rd Lapeer 43.03050606 -83.07150294 11,556 6,631 2.9 11.8 18,187 Single 0.9 9.2 2.1 2.6E Hill Rd S Saginaw Rd Genesee 42.94458779 -83.65056392 14,820 12,846 3.4 20.1 27,666 Double 1.0 15.7 2.4 4.4W Vienna Rd Linden Rd Genesee 43.17736441 -83.77412879 18,863 4,578 3.4 16.5 23,441 Single 1.0 12.9 2.4 3.6Miller Rd S Ballenger Hwy Genesee 42.99230665 -83.73287603 19,891 11,166 3.7 18.2 31,056 Double 1.1 14.2 2.6 3.9Lapeer Rd S Irish Rd Genesee 43.01182347 -83.55549684 15,282 8,286 3.2 16.5 23,568 Single 1.0 12.9 2.2 3.6Corunna Rd Corunna Rd Genesee 43.00206133 -83.76227524 24,333 6,359 2.7 12.8 30,692 Double 0.8 10.0 1.9 2.8Corunna Rd S Dye Rd Genesee 43.00192839 -83.78264393 16,218 8,220 3.2 13.3 24,438 Single 1.0 10.4 2.3 2.9Robert T Longway Blvd S Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.02482907 -83.6820195 18,147 11,412 3.5 18.2 29,559 Double 1.1 14.2 2.5 3.9W Pasadena Ave Clio Rd Genesee 43.04621635 -83.73261239 22,192 8,948 3.8 11.2 31,140 Double 1.1 8.7 2.6 2.4E Atherton Rd S Dort Hwy Genesee 42.98916231 -83.65341421 19,967 14,767 3.8 16.1 34,734 Double 1.1 12.6 2.6 3.5
93 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
Robert T Longway Blvd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.02553523 -83.65508137 20,037 17,840 3.8 13.6 37,877 Double 1.1 10.6 2.7 2.9Richfield Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.05064147 -83.66298489 17,737 9,965 3.3 9.5 27,702 Double 1.0 7.5 2.3 2.1N Shiawassee St E Main St Shiawassee 42.99758765 -84.17685967 20,170 11,508 3.6 13.2 31,677 Double 1.1 10.4 2.5 2.9N Belsay Rd N Belsay Rd Genesee 43.02245229 -83.59539494 16,437 7,506 3.1 13.3 23,943 Single 0.9 10.4 2.2 2.9Western Rd Leith St Genesee 43.04276824 -83.65547546 5,566 2,937 1.9 6.2 8,503 Single 0.6 4.9 1.4 1.4E Stanley Rd N Saginaw St Genesee 43.10481486 -83.6943279 14,702 6,152 2.8 11.9 20,854 Single 0.9 9.3 2.0 2.6E Carpenter Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.0758674 -83.67414446 13,825 9,679 2.9 10.2 23,504 Single 0.9 8.0 2.0 2.2E Hill Rd Center Rd Genesee 42.94501318 -83.63271444 15,021 8,203 2.9 11.2 23,224 Single 0.9 8.8 2.0 2.4Corunna Rd S Elms Rd Genesee 43.00119003 -83.81211324 11,818 8,260 2.6 9.4 20,078 Single 0.8 7.3 1.8 2.0Davison Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.03290536 -83.65531265 21,007 16,679 3.7 14.3 37,686 Double 1.1 11.2 2.6 3.1Clio Rd W Pierson Rd Genesee 43.06063955 -83.73337477 22,192 13,444 3.7 13.3 35,636 Double 1.1 10.4 2.6 2.9E Bristol Rd S Center Rd Genesee 42.9750286 -83.63323381 13,528 6,351 2.6 10.8 19,879 Single 0.8 8.4 1.9 2.3Flushing Rd N Linden Rd Genesee 43.0398137 -83.77371712 14,331 6,172 2.7 8.9 20,503 Single 0.8 7.0 1.9 1.9E Mount Morris Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.11977508 -83.67613889 10,514 6,051 2.3 9.3 16,565 Single 0.7 7.3 1.6 2.0E Grand Blanc Rd Fenton Rd Genesee 42.9149727 -83.69097949 13,252 10,449 2.7 13.3 23,701 Single 0.8 10.4 1.9 2.9Demille Blvd S Main St Lapeer 43.04346366 -83.32002375 25,282 5,996 3.5 24.7 31,278 Double 1.0 19.3 2.4 5.4E Atherton Rd S Genesee Rd Genesee 42.98969067 -83.6143296 6,728 4,378 1.8 5.7 11,106 Single 0.6 4.5 1.3 1.2E Pierson Rd Selby St Genesee 43.06124088 -83.68440522 7,551 2,498 1.8 5.7 10,049 Single 0.6 4.4 1.3 1.2Fenton Rd W Hemphill Rd Genesee 42.98121316 -83.69289936 9,340 4,740 2.1 9.4 14,079 Single 0.6 7.3 1.5 2.0E Maple Ave Fenton Rd Genesee 42.95958613 -83.69251901 20,325 11,591 3.3 11.9 31,916 Double 1.0 9.3 2.3 2.6W Pierson Rd N Jennings Rd Genesee 43.06072637 -83.75310436 15,785 4,783 2.6 10.3 20,567 Single 0.8 8.1 1.8 2.2W Pierson Rd Fleming Rd Genesee 43.06071141 -83.72363377 12,462 4,056 2.3 6.7 16,518 Single 0.7 5.3 1.6 1.5E Pierson Rd N Saginaw St Genesee 43.06097378 -83.69382875 14,173 8,839 2.6 9.9 23,012 Single 0.8 7.8 1.8 2.1N Ballenger Hwy Flushing Rd Genesee 43.0244731 -83.73174238 18,775 11,676 3.1 14.2 30,450 Double 0.9 11.1 2.2 3.1Richfield Rd N Genesee Rd Genesee 43.05125733 -83.61596574 10,886 9,714 2.3 17.1 20,599 Single 0.7 13.4 1.6 3.7E 3rd St Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.01635651 -83.6840626 9,781 1,522 1.8 6.8 11,303 Single 0.6 5.3 1.3 1.5S Ballenger Hwy Beecher Rd Genesee 43.01278484 -83.73379551 19,528 11,094 3.1 14.1 30,622 Double 0.9 11.0 2.2 3.1Davison Rd N Irish Rd Genesee 43.03398026 -83.55642783 15,094 10,325 2.6 12.6 25,418 Single 0.8 9.8 1.8 2.7E Hamilton Ave N Saginaw St Genesee 43.0353886 -83.69367419 14,173 5,558 2.4 7.5 19,731 Single 0.7 5.9 1.7 1.6E Bristol Rd S Dort Hwy Genesee 42.97470968 -83.652911 12,844 11,766 2.4 11.0 24,610 Single 0.7 8.6 1.7 2.4S Linden Rd W Bristol Rd Genesee 42.97302376 -83.77187588 17,565 8,093 2.7 15.9 25,658 Single 0.8 12.5 1.9 3.5E Stewart Ave M L King Ave Genesee 43.05413288 -83.7047282 5,236 4,960 1.5 4.5 10,196 Single 0.4 3.5 1.0 1.0E Pierson Rd M L King Ave Genesee 43.06096278 -83.70474102 9,333 4,960 1.8 9.0 14,293 Single 0.6 7.1 1.3 2.0E 2nd St Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.01732999 -83.68473376 11,701 2,056 1.9 7.3 13,757 Single 0.6 5.7 1.3 1.6E Court St N N Genesee Rd Genesee 43.01871443 -83.61507348 15,494 9,220 2.5 10.7 24,714 Single 0.7 8.4 1.7 2.3W Stewart Ave Dupont St Genesee 43.05403957 -83.71348338 11,058 5,236 2.0 5.8 16,294 Single 0.6 4.5 1.4 1.3E Hemphill Rd S Saginaw St Genesee 42.98168202 -83.67433672 11,245 5,560 2.0 8.1 16,805 Single 0.6 6.3 1.4 1.8W 5th St Church St Genesee 43.01019203 -83.68929202 6,347 5,063 1.5 5.6 11,410 Single 0.5 4.4 1.1 1.2N Genesee Rd E Coldwater Rd Genesee 43.09149312 -83.61708293 7,593 3,195 1.6 6.1 10,788 Single 0.5 4.8 1.1 1.3E Mount Morris Rd N Genesee Rd Genesee 43.12053684 -83.61776571 5,810 3,642 1.4 4.9 9,451 Single 0.4 3.8 1.0 1.1
94 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
University Ave N Grand Traverse St Genesee 43.0190253 -83.69969681 7,544 4,935 1.6 7.6 12,479 Single 0.5 6.0 1.1 1.7Davison Rd N Belsay Rd Genesee 43.03364116 -83.59570769 14,178 9,352 2.3 12.4 23,530 Single 0.7 9.7 1.6 2.7E Hill Rd S Dort Hwy Genesee 42.94457119 -83.65271757 22,703 14,491 3.2 18.0 37,194 Double 1.0 14.1 2.3 3.9W 5th St Ann Arbor St Genesee 43.00889259 -83.69440321 5,212 4,661 1.3 5.8 9,873 Single 0.4 4.5 0.9 1.3W Coldwater Rd Detroit St Genesee 43.0902443 -83.70643236 5,426 2,503 1.2 4.8 7,929 Single 0.4 3.7 0.9 1.0Miller Rd Lennon Rd Genesee 42.98738319 -83.74375955 30,790 16,137 2.2 14.0 46,927 Volumes Exceed Limit 2.2 14.0 0.0 0.0Robert T Longway Blvd N Averill Ave Genesee 43.02574675 -83.64512487 17,533 5,676 2.4 7.0 23,209 Single 0.7 5.4 1.7 1.5E 12th St S Saginaw St Genesee 43.00563155 -83.68037631 11,626 5,888 1.9 5.2 17,514 Single 0.6 4.0 1.3 1.1Perry Rd S Saginaw St Genesee 42.92410554 -83.62596611 30,729 10,506 3.7 19.8 41,235 Double 1.1 15.5 2.6 4.3W Hemphill Rd S Grand Traverse St Genesee 42.98155049 -83.68158895 11,188 8,955 1.9 6.8 20,143 Single 0.6 5.3 1.3 1.5Richfield Rd N Belsay Rd Genesee 43.05547114 -83.59645362 9,350 5,041 1.6 7.5 14,391 Single 0.5 5.9 1.1 1.6E Pasadena Ave Detroit St Genesee 43.04638491 -83.70464992 9,520 4,679 1.6 7.2 14,199 Single 0.5 5.6 1.1 1.6W Thompson Rd Torrey Rd Genesee 42.86294806 -83.72928162 9,454 5,500 1.6 7.8 14,954 Single 0.5 6.1 1.1 1.7E Carpenter Rd Detroit St Genesee 43.07560223 -83.70631113 9,696 6,363 1.6 5.0 16,059 Single 0.5 3.9 1.2 1.1E Bristol Rd S Genesee Rd Genesee 42.97527563 -83.61367469 5,490 3,605 1.2 4.0 9,095 Single 0.4 3.1 0.8 0.9E Hamilton Ave Detroit St Genesee 43.03614577 -83.70440416 4,960 2,983 1.1 4.0 7,943 Single 0.3 3.1 0.8 0.9W 12th St Van Slyke Rd Genesee 42.99045881 -83.71331438 14,066 5,888 1.4 13.4 19,954 Single 0.4 10.5 1.0 2.9Beecher Rd N Linden Rd Genesee 43.03138953 -83.77353063 17,487 9,423 2.4 10.6 26,910 Double 0.7 8.3 1.7 2.3Flushing Rd Dupont St Genesee 43.01928481 -83.71325737 12,948 2,597 1.7 6.0 15,545 Single 0.5 4.7 1.2 1.3S Washington St W Stewart St Shiawassee 42.99025092 -84.17078607 8,748 2,811 1.4 5.5 11,559 Single 0.4 4.3 1.0 1.2N Saginaw St E Stewart Ave Genesee 43.05425859 -83.69377078 14,173 5,338 2.0 8.8 19,511 Single 0.6 6.9 1.4 1.9Daley Rd N Lapeer Rd Lapeer 43.0874294 -83.30744619 17,478 5,760 1.5 7.2 23,238 Single 0.4 5.6 1.0 1.6W Dayton St Dupont St Genesee 43.03862218 -83.71323446 9,264 3,225 1.4 3.8 12,489 Single 0.4 3.0 1.0 0.8E 5th St S Saginaw St Genesee 43.0115768 -83.68691441 11,626 6,211 1.7 12.2 17,837 Single 0.5 9.6 1.2 2.7E Carpenter Rd N Saginaw St Genesee 43.07566718 -83.69405055 14,173 6,885 2.0 6.8 21,058 Single 0.6 5.3 1.4 1.5E Genesee St N Saginaw St Lapeer 43.05092238 -83.30503502 13,536 8,683 2.0 12.2 22,219 Single 0.6 9.5 1.4 2.6W Pasadena Ave Fleming Rd Genesee 43.04624755 -83.72332171 9,520 4,056 1.5 5.3 13,576 Single 0.4 4.2 1.0 1.2Owen Rd Silver Pkwy Genesee 42.78964967 -83.74221238 17,542 13,932 1.5 16.5 31,474 Double 0.5 12.9 1.1 3.6E 5th St Lapeer Rd Genesee 43.01517477 -83.68055748 17,338 6,615 2.2 13.2 23,953 Single 0.7 10.3 1.6 2.9Lapeer Rd S Center Rd Genesee 43.01010463 -83.63463954 31,179 6,270 3.3 17.3 37,449 Double 1.0 13.5 2.3 3.8W Stewart Ave Fleming Rd Genesee 43.05393517 -83.72349316 5,236 4,056 1.1 4.9 9,292 Single 0.3 3.9 0.8 1.1N Chevrolet Ave Welch Blvd Genesee 43.03106365 -83.71589124 5,527 3,273 1.1 4.0 8,800 Single 0.3 3.1 0.8 0.9University Ave Mason St Genesee 43.01966506 -83.69823293 4,935 1,260 0.9 3.3 6,195 Single 0.3 2.6 0.7 0.7University Ave N Chevrolet Ave Genesee 43.01341005 -83.7123936 6,224 4,935 1.2 5.3 11,159 Single 0.4 4.1 0.8 1.1Davison Rd N Averill Ave Genesee 43.03304817 -83.64537231 17,533 7,283 2.2 7.9 24,816 Single 0.7 6.2 1.6 1.7Corunna Rd Bradley Ave Genesee 43.00280747 -83.72307801 9,574 1,116 1.2 4.8 10,690 Single 0.4 3.8 0.9 1.0Center Rd S Saginaw St Genesee 42.93112349 -83.63434865 34,480 10,597 2.0 10.3 45,077 Volumes Exceed Limit 2.0 10.3 0.0 0.0Lansing Rd N Oak St Shiawassee 42.92530487 -83.98825693 7,605 3,797 1.2 4.3 11,401 Single 0.4 3.3 0.9 0.9E Atherton Rd S Irish Rd Genesee 42.99068337 -83.55478894 8,136 3,018 1.2 3.9 11,154 Single 0.4 3.0 0.9 0.8W 12th St Hammerberg Rd Genesee 42.99439504 -83.70446152 18,276 5,888 1.4 8.7 24,164 Single 0.4 6.8 1.0 1.9
95 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
Davison Rd N Center Rd Genesee 43.03322969 -83.63535959 17,925 13,787 2.5 13.8 31,712 Double 0.7 10.8 1.7 3.0E Vienna Rd N Saginaw Rd Genesee 43.17769547 -83.71477483 10,135 7,097 1.6 9.8 17,232 Single 0.5 7.6 1.1 2.1Corunna Rd S Seymour Rd Genesee 43.00064708 -83.86093784 8,004 4,175 1.3 5.4 12,179 Single 0.4 4.2 0.9 1.2S Elms Rd Flushing Rd Genesee 43.05317944 -83.81301475 13,234 6,450 1.8 8.3 19,684 Single 0.5 6.5 1.3 1.8E 5th Ave Detroit St Genesee 43.02286629 -83.69663008 11,158 5,488 1.6 7.8 16,646 Single 0.5 6.1 1.1 1.7Dupont St Mackin Rd Genesee 43.02457238 -83.71287953 9,264 3,349 1.3 4.6 12,613 Single 0.4 3.6 0.9 1.0W Main St N Chipman St Shiawassee 42.99771456 -84.18649249 17,859 4,270 2.0 5.5 22,129 Single 0.6 4.3 1.4 1.2N Chevrolet Ave Mackin Rd Genesee 43.02615501 -83.71812538 3,906 3,725 0.8 4.3 7,631 Single 0.3 3.4 0.6 0.9Perry Rd Perry Rd Genesee 42.92519955 -83.61643061 14,593 5,854 1.2 4.2 20,447 Single 0.4 3.3 0.9 0.9Lapeer Rd S Averill Ave Genesee 43.009867 -83.64433415 6,384 2,587 1.0 3.8 8,971 Single 0.3 3.0 0.7 0.8W 12th St Fenton Rd Genesee 43.00085893 -83.6932349 5,888 4,661 1.0 4.7 10,549 Single 0.3 3.7 0.7 1.0W Maple Ave Van Slyke Rd Genesee 42.95925015 -83.71257939 9,283 5,585 1.4 5.6 14,868 Single 0.4 4.4 1.0 1.2E Baldwin Rd S Saginaw Rd Genesee 42.88733709 -83.59909601 11,792 8,139 1.6 7.3 19,931 Single 0.5 5.7 1.1 1.6E Dodge Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.14902242 -83.69303819 5,908 1,847 0.9 4.5 7,755 Single 0.3 3.5 0.6 1.0W 2nd St Beach St Genesee 43.0143706 -83.69117418 5,438 2,754 0.9 3.5 8,192 Single 0.3 2.8 0.6 0.8W Atherton Rd Van Slyke Rd Genesee 42.98832007 -83.71322247 14,727 14,032 1.2 9.5 28,759 Double 0.4 7.4 0.9 2.1N Dort Hwy E Pierson Rd Genesee 43.06134667 -83.67386818 12,131 5,716 1.0 5.8 17,847 Single 0.3 4.6 0.7 1.3W Oregon St N Main St Lapeer 43.05801325 -83.31905056 16,991 4,842 1.9 8.4 21,833 Single 0.6 6.6 1.3 1.8Welch Blvd Dupont St Genesee 43.03065803 -83.71304469 9,264 3,838 1.2 5.5 13,102 Single 0.4 4.3 0.8 1.2W Home Ave Clio Rd Genesee 43.06739122 -83.73339868 9,493 2,066 0.8 3.6 11,559 Single 0.2 2.8 0.6 0.8N Center Rd S Center Rd Genesee 43.02600361 -83.63507801 21,689 17,925 1.5 5.9 39,614 Double 0.5 4.6 1.1 1.3E Hill Rd Belsay Rd Genesee 42.94531423 -83.59816447 9,374 4,804 1.2 6.8 14,177 Single 0.4 5.3 0.9 1.5W 5th St Beach St Genesee 43.01085513 -83.68813645 6,347 5,438 1.0 6.8 11,785 Single 0.3 5.3 0.7 1.5E Vienna St N Mill St Genesee 43.17737822 -83.73458927 16,393 6,662 1.9 9.8 23,055 Single 0.6 7.7 1.3 2.1Stevenson St Flushing Rd Genesee 43.0193062 -83.70826695 13,986 786 1.2 4.3 14,772 Single 0.4 3.4 0.9 0.9N Dort Hwy N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.05200556 -83.66521489 17,737 4,228 1.2 4.3 21,965 Single 0.3 3.4 0.8 0.9E Flint St N State Rd Genesee 43.03467064 -83.51801782 26,254 17,119 3.1 13.1 43,372 Double 0.9 10.3 2.2 2.8Welch Blvd Welch Blvd Genesee 43.03094066 -83.70463521 3,538 2,739 0.5 2.6 6,277 Single 0.2 2.1 0.4 0.6Poplar St W Silver Lake Rd Genesee 42.80158688 -83.72203754 17,241 9,145 1.2 7.7 26,386 Single 0.4 6.0 0.9 1.7S Ballenger Hwy University Ave Genesee 43.01627766 -83.7340566 18,775 6,143 1.2 6.7 24,918 Single 0.4 5.2 0.9 1.4W Pierson Rd N Elms Rd Genesee 43.06018256 -83.81318101 17,787 9,538 2.1 11.4 27,325 Double 0.6 8.9 1.5 2.5W Hill Rd Van Slyke Rd Genesee 42.94420923 -83.71160379 20,780 5,174 1.3 5.7 25,954 Single 0.4 4.5 0.9 1.2E Hill Rd E Hill Rd Genesee 42.94438928 -83.66245568 22,412 3,617 1.3 8.1 26,029 Single 0.4 6.3 0.9 1.8University Ave Stevenson St Genesee 43.01636305 -83.70581372 4,935 786 0.6 3.5 5,721 Single 0.2 2.8 0.5 0.8E Atherton Rd S Belsay Rd Genesee 42.99012048 -83.59439241 7,409 4,801 1.0 5.1 12,210 Single 0.3 4.0 0.7 1.1S Saginaw St W Oakley St Genesee 42.997113 -83.67801657 11,003 2,554 0.8 5.3 13,557 Single 0.2 4.2 0.6 1.2N Washington St E Main St Shiawassee 42.99752506 -84.17064278 16,891 3,378 1.7 7.2 20,269 Single 0.5 5.6 1.2 1.6E Austin Ave M L King Ave Genesee 43.06942063 -83.70623312 7,085 637 0.7 3.1 7,722 Single 0.2 2.5 0.5 0.7E 1st St S Saginaw St Genesee 43.01587831 -83.69062235 11,141 880 1.0 6.4 12,021 Single 0.3 5.0 0.7 1.4W Lansing Rd M 52 Shiawassee 42.83590989 -84.21957917 10,748 4,232 1.3 8.7 14,980 Single 0.4 6.8 0.9 1.9
96 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
E Carpenter Rd Selby St Genesee 43.07578 -83.6846941 9,589 1,818 1.0 4.9 11,407 Single 0.3 3.8 0.7 1.1W Hill Rd Torrey Rd Genesee 42.94388139 -83.73174373 17,603 6,065 1.9 8.9 23,667 Single 0.6 6.9 1.3 1.9W Bristol Rd W Bristol Rd Genesee 42.97341764 -83.72922215 17,842 3,871 1.1 5.1 21,713 Single 0.3 4.0 0.8 1.1W McClellan St Dupont St Genesee 43.0438539 -83.71337983 9,264 2,392 1.1 4.2 11,656 Single 0.3 3.3 0.7 0.9E Genesee St N Court St Lapeer 43.05088286 -83.30770813 14,920 2,835 1.5 7.9 17,754 Single 0.5 6.2 1.1 1.7W Pasadena Ave Dupont St Genesee 43.04631747 -83.71347117 9,520 9,264 1.3 5.0 18,784 Single 0.4 3.9 0.9 1.1W Thompson Rd N Fenton Rd Genesee 42.86383352 -83.69684926 9,186 3,110 1.1 4.4 12,296 Single 0.3 3.5 0.7 1.0Cesar Chavez Dr E 2nd St Genesee 43.017732 -83.68388663 9,610 2,960 0.7 3.1 12,570 Single 0.2 2.4 0.5 0.7McCormick Dr Demille Blvd Lapeer 43.04351818 -83.31671831 9,530 5,996 0.8 5.3 15,526 Single 0.2 4.2 0.6 1.2W Hamilton Ave Mason St Genesee 43.03613528 -83.7077369 2,111 1,731 0.3 2.5 3,842 Single 0.2 2.6 0.1 -0.1North Rd Torrey Rd Genesee 42.80465585 -83.72435809 10,899 9,690 0.9 7.9 20,589 Single 0.3 6.2 0.6 1.7Perry Rd Genesee Rd Genesee 42.92563055 -83.61272742 14,031 2,807 0.9 5.9 16,838 Single 0.3 4.6 0.6 1.3E Stanley Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.10512281 -83.67566822 10,514 6,788 1.3 7.3 17,302 Single 0.4 5.7 0.9 1.6E Grand River Rd E Britton Rd Shiawassee 42.83682387 -84.03349491 1,056 407 0.2 1.7 1,463 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0E Grand River Rd E Grand River Rd Shiawassee 42.87880259 -84.0636866 1,999 106 0.2 1.7 2,105 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0E Cook Rd Embury Rd Genesee 42.90274136 -83.64608536 4,884 4,017 0.5 3.9 8,901 Single 0.2 3.1 0.4 0.9Norman Rd Brown City Rd Lapeer 43.08158299 -83.03116109 1,392 300 0.2 1.7 1,692 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0E Britton Rd S Bancroft Rd Shiawassee 42.83608126 -84.0654488 1,378 378 0.2 1.7 1,756 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0N Fenton Rd S Long Lake Rd Genesee 42.81779851 -83.7075421 14,470 6,955 1.0 8.3 21,425 Single 0.3 6.5 0.7 1.8E Bennington Rd Vandekarr Rd Shiawassee 42.93756071 -84.15079957 1,065 940 0.2 1.7 2,005 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0Mount Morris Rd Mount Morris Rd Lapeer 43.1274278 -83.42585884 1,185 924 0.2 1.7 2,109 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0Bronson Lake Rd Bronson Lake Rd Lapeer 43.09270638 -83.37820222 2,723 171 0.2 1.7 2,894 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0Clear Lake Rd Clear Lake Rd Lapeer 43.15337573 -83.03521837 1,247 932 0.2 1.7 2,179 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0W Juddville Rd N Smith Rd Shiawassee 43.05709935 -84.2260732 1,537 671 0.2 1.7 2,208 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0E Russell Ave Selby St Genesee 43.06884506 -83.68456079 2,498 637 0.3 1.9 3,135 Single 0.2 1.9 0.1 0.0W Dayton St Mason St Genesee 43.03866605 -83.70777351 3,225 1,731 0.5 2.5 4,956 Single 0.1 2.0 0.3 0.5N Saginaw St Helen St Genesee 43.11282427 -83.69436774 17,239 3,652 1.0 5.3 20,891 Single 0.3 4.2 0.7 1.2E Britton Rd E Britton Rd Shiawassee 42.83592444 -84.07147011 1,791 642 0.2 1.7 2,433 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0W Hibbard Rd S Morrice Rd Shiawassee 42.95411887 -84.18712166 2,062 513 0.2 1.7 2,575 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0N Leroy St N Leroy St Genesee 42.8074721 -83.70714897 14,470 9,842 1.0 7.9 24,312 Single 0.3 6.2 0.7 1.7Welch Blvd Mason St Genesee 43.03091863 -83.70748755 3,688 1,496 0.5 2.8 5,184 Single 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6E Dodge Rd N Lewis Rd Genesee 43.14930426 -83.67832456 2,524 1,962 0.4 2.5 4,485 Single 0.1 2.0 0.3 0.5Genesee Rd Genesee Rd Lapeer 43.025805 -83.41018178 1,732 1,034 0.2 1.7 2,766 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0Marlette Rd Marlette Rd Lapeer 43.32576587 -83.17950416 1,800 1,111 0.2 1.7 2,911 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0Lake Pleasant Rd Kings Mill Rd Lapeer 43.14229769 -83.17277251 3,233 362 0.2 1.7 3,595 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0Lansing Rd Bancroft Rd Shiawassee 42.88358928 -84.06880272 2,967 438 0.2 1.7 3,405 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0Hadley Rd Hegel Rd Lapeer 42.91790766 -83.39743968 2,232 926 0.2 1.7 3,158 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0W Grand River Rd S Morrice Rd Shiawassee 42.89553431 -84.18249397 1,821 1,442 0.2 1.7 3,263 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0S Byron Rd E Beard Rd Shiawassee 42.80942439 -83.94361742 1,906 1,326 0.2 1.7 3,232 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0W Hibbard Rd W Hibbard Rd Shiawassee 42.95413925 -84.18357581 2,171 1,606 0.2 1.7 3,777 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.0
97 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
W Stewart St S Chipman St Shiawassee 42.99054062 -84.18668406 4,441 1,787 0.6 3.0 6,228 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6S Long Lake Rd Torrey Rd Genesee 42.8155682 -83.72560846 9,690 5,840 0.8 5.4 15,530 Single 0.2 4.3 0.5 1.2S Saginaw St S Saginaw St Genesee 42.92755423 -83.63007215 29,170 13,678 1.6 13.3 42,848 Double 0.5 10.4 1.1 2.9N M 52 W North St Shiawassee 43.01222026 -84.17672781 11,264 3,467 0.8 3.8 14,731 Single 0.2 3.0 0.6 0.8Owen Rd Linden Rd Genesee 42.7889296 -83.78620027 10,436 6,213 0.8 5.4 16,649 Single 0.2 4.2 0.6 1.2Holly Rd E Cook Rd Genesee 42.9014504 -83.63031114 19,646 4,951 1.1 8.4 24,597 Single 0.3 6.6 0.8 1.8Davison Rd N Franklin Ave Genesee 43.03317388 -83.66517463 17,533 4,228 1.7 6.9 21,761 Single 0.5 5.4 1.2 1.5Grand Blanc Rd Linden Rd Genesee 42.91412885 -83.77009276 6,713 5,098 0.9 4.8 11,811 Single 0.3 3.8 0.6 1.0Owen Rd Owen Rd Genesee 42.78960008 -83.74625114 13,989 2,540 0.9 6.9 16,529 Single 0.3 5.4 0.6 1.5Detroit St E McClellan St Genesee 43.04398019 -83.70460128 4,960 2,392 0.6 3.5 7,352 Single 0.2 2.7 0.4 0.7N Saginaw St E Pasadena Ave Genesee 43.04698452 -83.69380458 14,173 2,279 1.3 7.3 16,452 Single 0.4 5.7 0.9 1.6W Allan Rd N Carland Rd Shiawassee 43.10020995 -84.30493201 799 497 0.2 1.5 1,296 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0N Elms Rd River Rd Genesee 43.04799894 -83.81308534 12,380 4,510 1.3 5.2 16,890 Single 0.4 4.1 0.9 1.1S Leroy St W Shiawassee Ave Genesee 42.79296216 -83.70517872 14,382 6,055 0.9 6.4 20,437 Single 0.3 5.0 0.7 1.4W Brocker Rd Baldwin Rd Lapeer 42.91186657 -83.3378749 1,124 382 0.2 1.5 1,505 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0Lapeer Rd Lapeer Rd Genesee 43.00990398 -83.67207754 6,615 5,888 0.6 3.7 12,503 Single 0.2 2.9 0.4 0.8W Oliver St N Water St Shiawassee 43.0018524 -84.17311651 5,473 2,365 0.7 3.3 7,838 Single 0.2 2.6 0.5 0.7E Mount Morris Rd N Bray Rd Genesee 43.12008901 -83.65741444 5,399 2,537 0.7 3.2 7,936 Single 0.2 2.5 0.5 0.7E Stewart Ave Andrew St Genesee 43.0539928 -83.68338747 9,685 1,533 0.6 3.1 11,218 Single 0.2 2.4 0.4 0.7Baltimore Bancroft Rd Shiawassee 42.92943001 -84.07699791 1,032 503 0.2 1.5 1,535 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0James P Cole Blvd E Hamilton Ave Genesee 43.03496608 -83.68308742 16,893 5,691 1.8 5.7 22,584 Single 0.5 4.4 1.2 1.2S Gould St Corunna Ave Shiawassee 42.98966729 -84.15722333 7,959 3,412 0.9 4.2 11,371 Single 0.3 3.3 0.6 0.9Cesar Chavez Dr Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.01838158 -83.6852851 11,701 1,177 0.7 3.0 12,878 Single 0.2 2.4 0.5 0.7Lapeer Rd S Belsay Rd Genesee 43.01096815 -83.59512473 11,701 6,333 1.3 9.9 18,033 Single 0.4 7.7 0.9 2.1E Hibbard Rd Parmenter Rd Shiawassee 42.95506177 -84.08248244 1,135 646 0.2 1.5 1,781 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0E Home Ave M L King Ave Genesee 43.0671709 -83.70623301 6,023 2,066 0.7 3.6 8,089 Single 0.2 2.8 0.5 0.8E 2nd St Stevens St Genesee 43.01676465 -83.68598754 2,056 1,396 0.2 1.8 3,452 Single 0.1 1.9 0.1 0.0E Stewart Ave Industrial Ave Genesee 43.05395546 -83.68737815 7,562 773 0.7 3.0 8,335 Single 0.2 2.4 0.5 0.7S Washington St Corunna Ave Shiawassee 42.99296892 -84.17074299 10,455 6,935 0.8 4.0 17,390 Single 0.2 3.1 0.5 0.9S State Rd E Atherton Rd Genesee 42.99119879 -83.50691587 12,828 2,387 0.8 2.6 15,215 Single 0.2 2.0 0.5 0.6E Main St N Park St Shiawassee 42.99749681 -84.16939105 16,891 2,923 1.6 6.2 19,814 Single 0.5 4.8 1.1 1.3E Webster Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.06859251 -83.67402564 13,825 2,105 0.8 2.4 15,930 Single 0.2 1.9 0.6 0.5North Rd North Rd Genesee 42.80471507 -83.72215196 10,956 8,309 0.8 4.5 19,265 Single 0.2 3.5 0.6 1.0E Mount Morris St Walter St Genesee 43.11935962 -83.68990241 4,718 2,152 0.4 1.9 6,870 Single 0.1 1.5 0.3 0.4E Hemphill Rd S Dort Hwy Genesee 42.98194883 -83.65316594 13,409 3,789 1.4 6.8 17,198 Single 0.4 5.3 0.9 1.5E 12th St E 12th St Genesee 43.00710697 -83.67716395 5,888 4,422 0.5 3.0 10,310 Single 0.2 2.4 0.4 0.7S Mill St Smith St Genesee 43.17176768 -83.73455158 6,364 2,936 0.5 3.3 9,300 Single 0.2 2.6 0.4 0.7S Shiawassee St W Stewart St Shiawassee 42.99036618 -84.17692485 10,231 4,940 1.1 4.5 15,171 Single 0.3 3.5 0.8 1.0Mill Rd Beecher Rd Genesee 43.02907151 -83.76238503 11,888 7,335 0.8 5.4 19,223 Single 0.2 4.2 0.6 1.2W Grand Blanc Rd Torrey Rd Genesee 42.914662 -83.73052889 7,982 4,561 0.9 5.2 12,542 Single 0.3 4.1 0.7 1.1
98 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
E Beard Rd S Bancroft Rd Shiawassee 42.80695165 -84.07026342 1,326 946 0.2 1.5 2,272 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0W Juddville Rd N Chipman Rd Shiawassee 43.05692355 -84.18621694 1,591 724 0.2 1.5 2,315 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0N Saginaw St University Ave Genesee 43.02132892 -83.69348443 5,496 4,935 0.7 4.0 10,431 Single 0.2 3.1 0.5 0.9N Chevrolet Ave Flushing Rd Genesee 43.02170375 -83.72190937 12,948 4,737 1.4 7.4 17,685 Single 0.4 5.8 0.9 1.6Torrey Rd Lahring Rd Genesee 42.84108215 -83.7284771 7,569 4,885 0.6 4.3 12,454 Single 0.2 3.4 0.4 0.9W Beard Rd S Morrice Rd Shiawassee 42.80543631 -84.17892669 1,390 1,018 0.2 1.5 2,408 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0E Bennington Rd S Morrice Rd Shiawassee 42.9365058 -84.18347341 1,543 873 0.2 1.5 2,416 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0M 21 N Delaney Rd Shiawassee 42.99757891 -84.20631919 6,003 3,430 0.7 3.2 9,432 Single 0.2 2.5 0.5 0.7W Juddville Rd N Carland Rd Shiawassee 43.0567901 -84.3043017 1,537 899 0.2 1.5 2,436 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0S Shiawassee St W South St Shiawassee 42.98316637 -84.17696653 9,670 1,755 0.6 2.6 11,425 Single 0.2 2.1 0.4 0.6Miller Rd Elms Rd Genesee 42.96438701 -83.81131333 13,951 7,941 1.6 9.5 21,892 Single 0.5 7.4 1.1 2.1Juddville Rd N Durand Rd Shiawassee 43.05868005 -83.9874666 1,399 1,157 0.2 1.5 2,555 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0Hill Rd Linden Rd Genesee 42.94337326 -83.77114309 12,375 6,089 1.4 7.2 18,464 Single 0.4 5.6 1.0 1.6E Bristol Rd S Irish Rd Genesee 42.97615643 -83.55453292 6,311 3,076 0.7 3.9 9,386 Single 0.2 3.0 0.5 0.8E Hibbard Rd Vandekarr Rd Shiawassee 42.95421929 -84.1545577 1,569 1,034 0.2 1.5 2,602 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0Silver Lake Rd Silver Lake Rd Genesee 42.79145473 -83.84593623 8,967 5,243 0.7 4.2 14,210 Single 0.2 3.3 0.5 0.9McCandlish Rd Holly Rd Genesee 42.90880245 -83.62712282 15,371 4,680 0.9 5.5 20,051 Single 0.3 4.3 0.6 1.2E Stewart Ave North St Genesee 43.05395067 -83.69052069 5,439 462 0.5 2.5 5,901 Single 0.1 2.0 0.3 0.6Western Rd N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.04142322 -83.65557111 14,972 5,566 0.9 3.2 20,538 Single 0.3 2.5 0.6 0.7Welch Blvd Welch Blvd Genesee 43.03079587 -83.70874138 3,838 3,166 0.4 2.2 7,004 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5Kings Mill Rd Fish Lake Rd Lapeer 43.14022546 -83.25150038 2,700 484 0.2 1.5 3,184 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0N Saginaw St E Wood St Genesee 43.02933464 -83.69357866 5,496 551 0.4 1.9 6,047 Single 0.1 1.5 0.3 0.4Albert St Union St Genesee 43.11858882 -83.69331112 995 495 0.1 1.8 1,490 Single 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.0Bath Rd Lansing Rd Shiawassee 42.81960014 -84.26969356 4,501 1,251 0.5 3.7 5,752 Single 0.1 2.9 0.3 0.8Easton Rd Durand Rd Shiawassee 43.11678137 -83.9878979 2,021 916 0.2 1.5 2,937 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0N Franklin Ave Leith St Genesee 43.04293564 -83.66521615 4,228 2,227 0.5 2.7 6,455 Single 0.2 2.1 0.4 0.6S Saginaw Rd E Cook Rd Genesee 42.90178801 -83.60239273 12,592 2,579 0.7 4.5 15,171 Single 0.2 3.5 0.5 1.0Albert St N Saginaw St Genesee 43.11858976 -83.69439658 8,367 1,136 0.5 3.4 9,503 Single 0.2 2.7 0.4 0.7W Oakley St S Grand Traverse St Genesee 42.99694912 -83.68355161 7,218 2,554 0.5 2.2 9,772 Single 0.2 1.7 0.4 0.5Otter Lake Rd North Lake Rd Lapeer 43.21663339 -83.43080646 2,181 934 0.2 1.5 3,115 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0W Coldwater Rd N Clio Rd Genesee 43.0895364 -83.73371821 6,707 3,141 0.7 4.8 9,848 Single 0.2 3.7 0.5 1.0Cesar Chavez Dr Crapo St Genesee 43.02335486 -83.68181358 2,556 1,805 0.3 2.6 4,361 Single 0.1 2.0 0.2 0.6S Belsay Rd Lippincott Blvd Genesee 43.0047466 -83.59501722 8,273 1,917 0.5 3.0 10,190 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6N Saginaw St E Home Ave Genesee 43.06724939 -83.69392333 14,173 2,066 0.8 2.6 16,239 Single 0.2 2.0 0.5 0.6N Saginaw St Walker St Genesee 43.11813274 -83.69439898 10,492 825 0.6 2.2 11,317 Single 0.2 1.7 0.4 0.5E 5th St Wallenberg St Genesee 43.01279622 -83.68449212 6,075 541 0.4 3.3 6,616 Single 0.1 2.5 0.3 0.7Horton Ave Horton Ave Genesee 43.08317197 -83.68508178 2,127 1,138 0.1 1.9 3,265 Single 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.0E Grand Blanc Rd Porter Rd Genesee 42.91520856 -83.6662714 13,677 3,617 0.8 5.1 17,294 Single 0.2 4.0 0.6 1.1E Dodge Rd N Saginaw Rd Genesee 43.14898484 -83.69473514 4,855 2,300 0.4 3.0 7,155 Single 0.1 2.3 0.3 0.6Alexandrine Ave N Saginaw St Genesee 43.12583122 -83.69448773 7,404 242 0.4 1.9 7,646 Single 0.1 1.5 0.3 0.4
99 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
Bowers Rd Roods Lake Rd Lapeer 43.05930172 -83.2760187 4,746 3,955 0.4 2.4 8,701 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5Dodge Rd Irish Rd Genesee 43.15085994 -83.55854595 2,319 1,174 0.2 1.5 3,493 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.0E Maple Ave S Center Rd Genesee 42.9604764 -83.63285869 10,639 6,049 1.2 6.2 16,688 Single 0.4 4.9 0.8 1.4S Saginaw St Demille Rd Lapeer 43.03649491 -83.3036382 8,491 5,996 0.6 4.7 14,487 Single 0.2 3.7 0.4 1.0W Stanley Rd W Stanley Rd Genesee 43.10476906 -83.70797621 5,516 2,914 0.4 2.2 8,430 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5Crapo St E 2nd St Genesee 43.02000482 -83.67894519 3,491 690 0.3 1.7 4,181 Single 0.1 1.3 0.2 0.4Beecher Rd Beecher Rd Genesee 43.03135007 -83.78342103 8,720 7,049 0.6 3.5 15,769 Single 0.2 2.7 0.4 0.8W Home Ave Dupont St Genesee 43.06710101 -83.71412702 5,182 2,066 0.5 2.9 7,248 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6Harrison St E 2nd Ave Genesee 43.02025563 -83.69229764 4,422 523 0.3 1.6 4,945 Single 0.1 1.3 0.2 0.4E McArthur St N Comstock St Shiawassee 42.98090734 -84.11385472 1,834 679 0.1 1.8 2,512 Single 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.0E 3rd St Wallenberg St Genesee 43.0152265 -83.68652029 1,522 541 0.1 1.6 2,063 Single 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.0Leith St North St Genesee 43.0431243 -83.69048384 1,650 462 0.1 1.6 2,112 Single 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.0W Carpenter Rd Clio Rd Genesee 43.0750868 -83.73343062 6,853 4,127 0.8 5.7 10,980 Single 0.2 4.4 0.5 1.2W King St N Hickory St Shiawassee 43.00478397 -84.16712756 3,746 1,757 0.3 1.7 5,503 Single 0.1 1.3 0.2 0.4Newburg Rd Newburg Rd Shiawassee 42.91092331 -83.9779221 2,637 365 0.1 1.7 3,002 Single 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0E Atherton Rd Howe Rd Genesee 42.98964822 -83.62406025 7,902 1,269 0.5 2.4 9,171 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5Lansing Rd W Britton Rd Shiawassee 42.83427413 -84.22655795 4,667 809 0.3 2.5 5,476 Single 0.1 2.0 0.2 0.6W Vienna Rd Center St Genesee 43.17738394 -83.73668727 19,468 1,096 0.8 4.3 20,564 Single 0.3 3.4 0.6 0.9E 2nd Ave N Saginaw St Genesee 43.0202516 -83.69345485 7,170 523 0.6 3.6 7,693 Single 0.2 2.8 0.4 0.8Perry Rd Perry Rd Genesee 42.93256387 -83.57412428 7,158 2,624 0.5 3.1 9,782 Single 0.1 2.5 0.3 0.7W Austin Ave Dupont St Genesee 43.06938565 -83.71407348 5,182 637 0.3 1.8 5,819 Single 0.1 1.4 0.2 0.4E 3rd St S Saginaw St Genesee 43.01405772 -83.68908148 11,568 1,522 1.0 4.6 13,090 Single 0.3 3.6 0.7 1.0E Baldwin Rd Holly Rd Genesee 42.88688604 -83.63060158 20,710 10,059 2.2 12.0 30,769 Double 0.7 9.4 1.5 2.6S Washington St Gute St Shiawassee 42.98784575 -84.17081902 7,041 3,725 0.5 2.1 10,766 Single 0.1 1.6 0.3 0.5Miller Rd Bradley Ave Genesee 42.99805978 -83.72009196 8,926 1,116 0.5 3.3 10,042 Single 0.2 2.6 0.4 0.7Lippincott Blvd S Averill Ave Genesee 43.00390825 -83.64410401 4,422 2,632 0.3 2.6 7,054 Single 0.1 2.0 0.2 0.6Davison Rd Covert Rd Genesee 43.03313349 -83.62548946 12,977 1,746 0.7 3.5 14,723 Single 0.2 2.8 0.5 0.8E Pasadena Ave North St Genesee 43.04691059 -83.69048407 462 441 0.1 1.5 903 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0E Maple Ave E Maple Ave Genesee 42.96129945 -83.58363737 5,131 1,398 0.4 1.9 6,529 Single 0.1 1.5 0.2 0.4Flushing Rd W Pierson Rd Genesee 43.06017274 -83.82290951 7,826 2,691 0.5 3.9 10,517 Single 0.2 3.1 0.4 0.8N Comstock St E Corunna Ave Shiawassee 42.98189264 -84.11383828 2,741 1,709 0.2 1.5 4,450 Single 0.1 1.2 0.2 0.3E Hill Rd S Genesee Rd Genesee 42.94515178 -83.61314714 12,204 2,808 0.7 4.9 15,012 Single 0.2 3.9 0.5 1.1W 1st St Church St Genesee 43.01474634 -83.69321141 3,830 583 0.3 2.2 4,413 Single 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.5Lippincott Blvd Lippincott Blvd Genesee 43.00414639 -83.62467594 3,093 1,269 0.2 1.6 4,362 Single 0.1 1.2 0.2 0.3E 5th St Stevens St Genesee 43.0133759 -83.68321769 6,075 1,396 0.6 3.5 7,471 Single 0.2 2.8 0.4 0.8W Dayton St N Chevrolet Ave Genesee 43.03856975 -83.71607186 3,018 2,006 0.3 2.2 5,024 Single 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.5E Main St N Saginaw St Shiawassee 42.91081704 -83.98456678 2,907 2,686 0.3 2.2 5,593 Single 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.5N Saginaw St W Mount Morris St Genesee 43.11948235 -83.69442581 7,694 4,449 0.5 2.8 12,143 Single 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6University Ave University Ave Genesee 43.01211815 -83.72325105 6,143 1,116 0.4 2.4 7,259 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5Bowers Rd Bowers Rd Lapeer 43.05902163 -83.28536254 4,854 4,746 0.4 3.8 9,600 Single 0.1 3.0 0.3 0.8
100 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
Lennon Rd S Dye Rd Genesee 42.98733672 -83.78229143 8,922 5,821 1.0 5.3 14,742 Single 0.3 4.1 0.7 1.1W King St N Delaney Rd Shiawassee 43.00484951 -84.20623523 3,985 1,149 0.3 2.4 5,134 Single 0.1 1.9 0.2 0.5S Main Bath Rd Shiawassee 42.81962868 -84.21881899 6,459 1,494 0.4 2.3 7,953 Single 0.1 1.8 0.3 0.5S Adelaide St W Ellen St Genesee 42.79504561 -83.70745203 7,219 832 0.4 2.2 8,051 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5W Vienna St W Vienna St Genesee 43.17742535 -83.73986622 19,468 2,071 0.9 3.6 21,539 Single 0.3 2.8 0.6 0.8W Main St W Main St Genesee 43.06299083 -83.85755331 8,859 3,522 0.6 2.9 12,381 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6W McClellan St W McClellan St Genesee 43.04382416 -83.71621007 2,199 857 0.0 1.6 3,056 Single 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0N Oak St Brand St Shiawassee 42.91166353 -83.98778368 5,188 525 0.3 1.8 5,713 Single 0.1 1.4 0.2 0.4W Pasadena Ave N Jennings Rd Genesee 43.04609712 -83.7528674 8,375 5,561 0.6 3.8 13,936 Single 0.2 3.0 0.4 0.8E Maple Ave S Dort Hwy Genesee 42.96024994 -83.65243541 10,897 6,967 1.2 5.8 17,864 Single 0.4 4.6 0.8 1.3Richfield Rd Richfield Rd Genesee 43.05111801 -83.62594877 10,440 1,746 0.6 3.2 12,186 Single 0.2 2.5 0.4 0.7S Saginaw Rd S Saginaw Rd Genesee 42.92112947 -83.62197003 34,029 15,519 1.7 12.7 49,548 Volumes Exceed Limit 1.7 12.7 0.0 0.0Holly Rd Holly Rd Genesee 42.90327223 -83.62923773 18,761 3,221 0.9 3.4 21,982 Single 0.3 2.7 0.6 0.7E 2nd St E 2nd St Genesee 43.01616811 -83.68730612 2,056 541 0.0 1.6 2,597 Single 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0E 1st St E 1st St Genesee 43.01768172 -83.68678039 1,396 1,177 0.0 1.6 2,573 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0Silver Lake Rd Lobdell Rd Genesee 42.80304925 -83.82104905 9,163 4,480 0.6 3.5 13,643 Single 0.2 2.8 0.4 0.8Industrial Ave Leith St Genesee 43.04316203 -83.68826191 1,650 773 0.0 1.6 2,423 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0W Silver Lake Rd W Silver Lake Rd Genesee 42.79841347 -83.71179593 17,241 1,074 0.8 2.3 18,315 Single 0.2 1.8 0.5 0.5E McNeil St E McNeil St Shiawassee 42.97695167 -84.11084245 5,884 630 0.3 1.9 6,514 Single 0.1 1.5 0.2 0.4N Seymour Rd W Main St Genesee 43.06299197 -83.86249429 8,859 6,149 0.6 3.7 15,008 Single 0.2 2.9 0.4 0.8Industrial Ave E Pasadena Ave Genesee 43.04693623 -83.68729098 773 441 0.0 1.6 1,214 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0Hegel Rd Hegel Rd Genesee 42.91708095 -83.5016858 13,135 4,858 0.8 5.8 17,993 Single 0.2 4.5 0.5 1.3W Dodge Rd Clio Rd Genesee 43.14810583 -83.73423822 6,082 2,110 0.6 4.6 8,192 Single 0.2 3.6 0.4 1.0Church St S Grand Traverse St Genesee 43.00499478 -83.68492977 4,422 3,375 0.3 1.7 7,797 Single 0.1 1.4 0.2 0.4S Cedar St W South St Shiawassee 42.98322988 -84.181842 1,737 427 0.0 1.6 2,164 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0Miller Rd Bristol Rd Genesee 42.97246832 -83.79235857 11,382 1,806 0.6 2.8 13,188 Single 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6N Chipman St W King St Shiawassee 43.00514856 -84.18643335 5,428 1,353 0.3 1.7 6,781 Single 0.1 1.4 0.2 0.4Leith St N Averill Ave Genesee 43.04280349 -83.64551835 5,755 2,937 0.6 2.9 8,692 Single 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6N Chipman St W Oliver St Shiawassee 43.00345087 -84.18780045 6,641 4,849 0.5 2.2 11,490 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5Miller Rd Miller Rd Genesee 42.95692137 -83.85650473 10,316 3,563 0.6 2.2 13,879 Single 0.2 1.8 0.4 0.5W Mount Morris St Benson Rd Genesee 43.11935818 -83.70431395 6,845 490 0.3 2.2 7,335 Single 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.5N Water St E Main St Shiawassee 42.99754951 -84.17319127 19,686 4,635 1.8 6.9 24,321 Single 0.5 5.4 1.3 1.5Richfield Rd N Franklin Ave Genesee 43.05062307 -83.66523006 10,169 4,228 0.6 2.2 14,397 Single 0.2 1.8 0.4 0.5Hegel Rd Pontiac Rd Genesee 42.91687388 -83.50799209 4,858 3,747 0.4 2.0 8,605 Single 0.1 1.6 0.2 0.47th St W Oliver St Shiawassee 43.00304936 -84.18492166 5,562 2,089 0.4 2.0 7,651 Single 0.1 1.6 0.3 0.4E 1st St Harrison St Genesee 43.01649721 -83.6893677 4,422 1,177 0.4 2.5 5,599 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5Chamberlain St N McKinley Rd Genesee 43.0654544 -83.85261884 6,149 1,378 0.4 2.0 7,527 Single 0.1 1.6 0.3 0.4University Ave Dupont St Genesee 43.01236928 -83.71478187 5,539 2,597 0.4 2.3 8,136 Single 0.1 1.8 0.3 0.5W Genesee St N Oak St Shiawassee 42.91301143 -83.98782415 5,953 1,782 0.4 1.7 7,735 Single 0.1 1.3 0.3 0.4Tuscola Rd Clio Rd Genesee 43.18544753 -83.73465359 6,118 1,639 0.4 2.0 7,757 Single 0.1 1.6 0.3 0.4
101 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
W 2nd Ave Mason St Genesee 43.0187443 -83.69744585 1,260 523 0.1 1.5 1,783 Single 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0N Gould St E King St Shiawassee 43.00490055 -84.15779764 5,718 2,708 0.4 1.8 8,426 Single 0.1 1.4 0.3 0.4N Gould St E Oliver St Shiawassee 43.00156604 -84.15780549 5,782 3,450 0.6 2.9 9,232 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6W Stewart St S Cedar St Shiawassee 42.99045763 -84.18178396 4,706 1,118 0.4 2.7 5,824 Single 0.1 2.1 0.3 0.6E Ellen St S Leroy St Genesee 42.79510397 -83.70472439 6,055 2,718 0.4 1.8 8,773 Single 0.1 1.4 0.3 0.4E Main St N McKinley Rd Genesee 43.06298031 -83.8526071 7,722 956 0.6 3.6 8,678 Single 0.2 2.9 0.4 0.8Bristol Rd Elms Rd Genesee 42.97219418 -83.8114499 6,566 1,806 0.4 2.2 8,372 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5E Maple Ave S Belsay Rd Genesee 42.96115034 -83.59334853 5,446 5,131 0.4 2.7 10,577 Single 0.1 2.1 0.3 0.6Flushing Rd Mill Rd Genesee 43.03530261 -83.75996629 10,500 6,451 0.7 5.2 16,951 Single 0.2 4.1 0.5 1.1W Shiawassee Ave West St Genesee 42.79222494 -83.71203361 14,382 1,179 0.7 2.4 15,561 Single 0.2 1.9 0.5 0.5E Rolston Rd Bridge St Genesee 42.82582924 -83.78262235 9,731 1,617 0.5 2.8 11,348 Single 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6Temperance St South St Genesee 43.11801599 -83.68843092 714 357 0.0 1.5 1,071 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0N Leroy St W Caroline St Genesee 42.79658688 -83.70474883 11,003 901 0.5 3.1 11,904 Single 0.2 2.4 0.4 0.7W Ellen St West St Genesee 42.79490617 -83.71172376 1,127 832 0.0 1.6 1,959 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0Clio Rd Field Rd Genesee 43.18461041 -83.73465602 6,662 2,239 0.4 1.8 8,901 Single 0.1 1.4 0.3 0.4South St Union St Genesee 43.1179403 -83.69330295 2,102 445 0.0 1.6 2,547 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0W Genesee St W Genesee St Shiawassee 42.91305542 -83.98699689 1,782 895 0.0 1.6 2,677 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0E Main St Mackinaw St Shiawassee 42.91089008 -83.98099765 2,870 356 0.0 1.6 3,226 Single 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0Bray Rd E Coldwater Rd Genesee 43.09097878 -83.65643201 1,729 1,368 0.0 1.7 3,097 Single 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0North Rd North Rd Genesee 42.80497767 -83.71016495 8,442 4,696 0.5 5.1 13,138 Single 0.2 4.0 0.4 1.1E 5th St Harrison St Genesee 43.01227749 -83.68577337 6,075 4,422 0.4 2.2 10,497 Single 0.1 1.8 0.3 0.5E Ellen St S Walnut St Genesee 42.79513882 -83.70359831 2,377 1,196 0.0 1.7 3,573 Single 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0W Shiawassee Ave W Shiawassee Ave Genesee 42.78225413 -83.74633639 2,540 1,419 0.0 1.6 3,959 Single 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0W McClellan St Mason St Genesee 43.04392533 -83.70789987 2,392 1,731 0.2 2.2 4,123 Single 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.5N Seymour Rd W Pierson Rd Genesee 43.05971348 -83.86245183 6,525 4,172 0.4 2.7 10,697 Single 0.1 2.1 0.3 0.6N Washington St W King St Shiawassee 43.00477649 -84.17053091 4,297 2,504 0.4 2.4 6,801 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5N Saginaw St W Park St Lapeer 43.05628945 -83.30931844 8,638 950 0.4 2.1 9,588 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5W 2nd Ave Garland St Genesee 43.01965884 -83.69539203 2,739 523 0.1 1.9 3,262 Single 0.0 2.0 0.0 -0.1E 3rd St Stevens St Genesee 43.01585312 -83.68522766 1,522 1,396 0.1 1.7 2,918 Single 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0Gute St S Shiawassee St Shiawassee 42.98471775 -84.17694932 9,464 3,711 0.6 2.9 13,175 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6S Dort Hwy E Judd Rd Genesee 42.96746486 -83.65265527 11,766 1,226 0.6 3.2 12,992 Single 0.2 2.5 0.4 0.7E Carpenter Rd E Carpenter Rd Genesee 43.07608361 -83.66585634 7,835 2,105 0.4 2.3 9,940 Single 0.1 1.8 0.3 0.5Morrish Rd Morrish Rd Genesee 42.95928888 -83.83078427 8,038 2,091 0.4 2.2 10,129 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5W 12th St S Grand Traverse St Genesee 43.00407049 -83.68410189 6,331 3,375 0.6 3.1 9,706 Single 0.2 2.4 0.4 0.7W Britton Rd M 52 Shiawassee 42.83409881 -84.21948146 8,604 809 0.6 3.6 9,413 Single 0.2 2.8 0.4 0.8W Shiawassee Ave S Adelaide St Genesee 42.79292749 -83.7067795 14,382 5,894 1.4 9.9 20,276 Single 0.4 7.8 1.0 2.1W South St S Chipman St Shiawassee 42.98326599 -84.18671535 4,859 1,779 0.4 2.6 6,638 Single 0.1 2.0 0.3 0.6W 3rd St Church St Genesee 43.0128876 -83.69167337 5,063 1,522 0.4 2.9 6,585 Single 0.1 2.3 0.3 0.6E Clinton St N Saginaw St Shiawassee 42.91198052 -83.98465733 3,269 709 0.1 1.8 3,978 Single 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.0E Main St Chamberlain St Genesee 43.06530127 -83.83848063 9,565 1,378 0.5 3.2 10,943 Single 0.1 2.5 0.3 0.7
102 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
S Gould St E Comstock St Shiawassee 42.99669714 -84.15784597 9,027 1,988 0.5 2.2 11,015 Single 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.5E Monroe St N Saginaw St Shiawassee 42.91807363 -83.98487767 2,970 1,962 0.3 2.6 4,932 Single 0.1 2.0 0.2 0.6Main St Main St Genesee 42.79769992 -83.70251548 9,436 8,201 0.6 3.3 17,637 Single 0.2 2.6 0.4 0.7McCormick Dr S Court St Lapeer 43.04365155 -83.30739405 9,530 1,646 0.5 2.1 11,176 Single 0.1 1.6 0.3 0.5Church St Church St Genesee 42.92754816 -83.63305981 8,281 3,558 0.5 2.4 11,839 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5W Hemphill Rd Van Slyke Rd Genesee 42.98100466 -83.71300243 13,873 4,818 0.7 4.8 18,691 Single 0.2 3.8 0.5 1.0N Saginaw St E Mount Morris St Genesee 43.11934266 -83.69442606 8,031 4,718 0.5 1.8 12,749 Single 0.1 1.4 0.3 0.4N Park St E Mason St Shiawassee 42.99946073 -84.16931438 2,731 1,220 0.1 1.8 3,951 Single 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.0W 5th Ave Mason St Genesee 43.02148884 -83.69980274 11,158 1,260 0.8 6.7 12,418 Single 0.3 5.2 0.6 1.5N Leroy St Main St Genesee 42.79859865 -83.70487386 10,273 7,580 0.6 4.3 17,853 Single 0.2 3.4 0.4 0.9University Ave Garland St Genesee 43.02056555 -83.69616429 4,935 2,739 0.5 3.8 7,674 Single 0.1 3.0 0.3 0.8James P Cole Blvd E Wood St Genesee 43.02892494 -83.68525599 16,893 551 0.6 2.1 17,444 Single 0.2 1.6 0.4 0.5Miller Rd Seymour Rd Genesee 42.95694066 -83.85041979 11,910 3,822 0.6 4.0 15,732 Single 0.2 3.1 0.4 0.9Miller Rd Miller Rd Genesee 42.95694214 -83.84801849 13,470 2,118 0.6 3.0 15,588 Single 0.2 2.4 0.4 0.7W Main St N Oak St Shiawassee 42.91075593 -83.98777175 4,970 2,941 0.5 3.5 7,911 Single 0.1 2.8 0.3 0.8Beecher Rd River Rd Genesee 43.03128262 -83.79343657 9,172 4,255 0.5 3.3 13,427 Single 0.2 2.6 0.4 0.7Miller Rd Miller Rd Genesee 42.95711036 -83.83765593 14,375 1,597 0.6 2.0 15,972 Single 0.2 1.5 0.4 0.4W 2nd St Church St Genesee 43.01380744 -83.69243584 5,063 2,754 0.5 3.2 7,817 Single 0.1 2.5 0.3 0.7Hickory St Bridge St Genesee 42.81383131 -83.78230873 10,630 2,045 0.5 2.1 12,675 Single 0.2 1.7 0.4 0.5Silver Lake Rd Seymour Rd Genesee 42.79710098 -83.83450774 9,478 3,855 0.5 3.9 13,333 Single 0.2 3.1 0.4 0.9E Maple Ave S Old Genesee Rd Genesee 42.96086758 -83.61335051 5,131 3,032 0.5 3.4 8,163 Single 0.1 2.6 0.3 0.7W Carpenter Rd W Carpenter Rd Genesee 43.07516235 -83.72351524 9,696 5,188 0.5 2.5 14,884 Single 0.2 1.9 0.4 0.5Silver Lake Rd Ripley Rd Genesee 42.8112247 -83.7671951 11,669 1,970 0.5 2.5 13,639 Single 0.2 1.9 0.4 0.5Lapeer Rd S Genesee Rd Genesee 43.01053242 -83.61499889 8,436 6,019 0.8 5.1 14,455 Single 0.3 4.0 0.6 1.1Oren Ave Detroit St Genesee 43.03124699 -83.70367746 5,224 3,538 0.5 3.2 8,762 Single 0.1 2.5 0.3 0.7Burnside Rd VanDyke Rd Lapeer 43.21067847 -83.07734093 7,467 2,939 1.7 11.9 10,406 Single 0.5 9.3 1.2 2.6W Nepessing St Pine St Lapeer 43.05509072 -83.30967547 4,788 776 0.3 3.4 5,564 Single 0.1 2.7 0.2 0.7Clear Lake Rd Lake Pleasant Rd Lapeer 43.15020652 -83.17315349 3,119 929 0.1 1.2 4,048 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Leith St N Saginaw St Genesee 43.04311798 -83.69382137 14,173 1,650 1.0 4.4 15,823 Single 0.3 3.5 0.7 1.0N Washington St E Oliver St Shiawassee 43.00184011 -84.17057637 5,598 2,955 0.5 2.4 8,553 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5W Home Ave Fleming Rd Genesee 43.06763921 -83.72425724 4,056 2,066 0.3 2.7 6,122 Single 0.1 2.1 0.2 0.6Beecher Rd N Elms Rd Genesee 43.03081089 -83.8127317 9,677 3,535 0.9 4.6 13,212 Single 0.3 3.6 0.6 1.0Davison Rd N Genesee Rd Genesee 43.03304589 -83.61541137 13,563 10,577 1.4 9.9 24,140 Single 0.4 7.8 1.0 2.2E Dodge Rd N Bray Rd Genesee 43.14964795 -83.65846532 2,645 1,875 0.2 2.1 4,520 Single 0.1 1.7 0.1 0.5W Carpenter Rd N Jennings Rd Genesee 43.0753948 -83.75345179 4,207 1,963 0.3 3.0 6,170 Single 0.1 2.4 0.2 0.7Dupont St N Chevrolet Ave Genesee 43.01574227 -83.71440575 5,867 2,597 0.5 4.0 8,464 Single 0.1 3.1 0.3 0.9Broadway Blvd Lewis St Genesee 43.03415659 -83.67503219 8,343 2,208 0.7 3.3 10,551 Single 0.2 2.6 0.5 0.7E Broad St Hickory St Genesee 42.81395045 -83.77363739 14,841 4,118 0.7 3.2 18,959 Single 0.2 2.5 0.5 0.7Clay St N Court St Lapeer 43.05384627 -83.31004876 3,198 839 0.2 2.1 4,037 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.4E South St S Morrice Rd Shiawassee 42.8344875 -84.18007198 4,485 1,525 0.3 2.2 6,010 Single 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.5
103 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
S Saginaw Rd S Saginaw Rd Genesee 42.87921179 -83.59734348 11,906 3,975 0.6 2.2 15,881 Single 0.2 1.8 0.4 0.5E Genesee St N Saginaw St Shiawassee 42.91307372 -83.9846964 3,311 829 0.2 2.0 4,140 Single 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.4N Shiawassee St W King St Shiawassee 43.00494531 -84.17675575 12,017 3,853 1.1 5.2 15,870 Single 0.3 4.1 0.7 1.1Bath Rd Woodbury Rd Shiawassee 42.81918592 -84.34302466 3,377 1,032 0.1 1.2 4,409 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Mason St N Washington St Shiawassee 42.99947559 -84.17061616 2,957 1,513 0.2 2.3 4,470 Single 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.5Burnside Rd Fish Lake Rd Lapeer 43.20659515 -83.25391517 2,523 2,120 0.2 1.6 4,643 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Miller Rd Paul Fortino Dr Genesee 42.95717097 -83.83365222 14,146 2,091 0.6 2.9 16,237 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6Columbiaville Rd Washburn Rd Genesee 43.1578509 -83.45974444 3,156 1,809 0.1 1.2 4,965 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Comstock St S Washington St Shiawassee 42.99655783 -84.17066118 4,354 2,339 0.3 2.3 6,693 Single 0.1 1.8 0.2 0.5Hill Rd Seymour Rd Genesee 42.94165951 -83.85869403 3,097 2,302 0.1 1.2 5,399 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Newark Rd Baldwin Rd Lapeer 42.99946904 -83.34053881 3,170 2,209 0.1 1.2 5,379 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Bristol Rd S Belsay Rd Genesee 42.97563485 -83.5937737 7,409 4,880 0.7 4.8 12,289 Single 0.2 3.8 0.5 1.0E Oregon St N Saginaw St Lapeer 43.05823793 -83.3105572 7,517 4,693 0.7 3.3 12,210 Single 0.2 2.6 0.5 0.7E 2nd St S Saginaw St Genesee 43.01499149 -83.68984701 11,509 2,056 0.9 5.4 13,565 Single 0.3 4.3 0.6 1.2Beecher Rd N Seymour Rd Genesee 43.03000298 -83.86156231 3,470 718 0.2 1.6 4,188 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Baldwin Rd Lippincott Rd Lapeer 43.01443061 -83.34111177 3,308 2,492 0.1 1.2 5,800 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Lippincott Rd Lake Nepessing Rd Lapeer 43.01365739 -83.35573219 3,415 2,138 0.1 1.2 5,553 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Carpenter Rd Branch Rd Genesee 43.0763996 -83.64616844 6,604 2,531 0.5 3.3 9,135 Single 0.2 2.6 0.4 0.7N Lapeer Rd N Lapeer Rd Lapeer 43.08504569 -83.30765004 17,478 4,078 0.8 4.8 21,556 Single 0.2 3.7 0.5 1.0Beecher Rd Sheridan Ave Genesee 43.02966025 -83.92837995 4,255 718 0.1 1.2 4,973 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Davison Rd Gray Rd Lapeer 43.04251062 -83.38138708 5,206 262 0.1 1.2 5,468 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Hamilton Ave Dupont St Genesee 43.03605626 -83.71316002 9,264 2,111 0.7 3.3 11,375 Single 0.2 2.6 0.5 0.7W Oliver St N Shiawassee St Shiawassee 43.00186861 -84.17682594 12,017 4,893 1.1 5.0 16,910 Single 0.3 3.9 0.7 1.1W 3rd St Beach St Genesee 43.01342591 -83.69040074 5,438 1,522 0.4 3.0 6,960 Single 0.1 2.3 0.3 0.6Daley Rd Fish Lake Rd Lapeer 43.08927744 -83.2482013 3,070 1,663 0.2 1.6 4,733 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Mount Morris St Union St Genesee 43.11931182 -83.69332355 4,718 540 0.2 2.3 5,258 Single 0.1 1.8 0.2 0.5S Elba Rd Genesee Rd Lapeer 43.01883072 -83.43926426 3,040 1,913 0.2 1.6 4,953 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4State Rd E Bennington Rd Shiawassee 42.93789111 -84.12452094 3,703 766 0.2 1.6 4,469 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E 3rd St Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.01676328 -83.68318591 3,863 1,522 0.2 2.0 5,385 Single 0.1 1.6 0.2 0.4E Dodge Rd N Genesee Rd Genesee 43.15054085 -83.61947645 3,198 1,538 0.2 1.6 4,736 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Sheridan Ave Juddville Rd Genesee 43.05893788 -83.92841698 4,255 1,142 0.1 1.2 5,397 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E McNeil St S Shiawassee St Shiawassee 42.97685298 -84.11790231 7,148 2,394 0.5 2.8 9,542 Single 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6State Rd E Grand River Rd Shiawassee 42.90165883 -84.12370048 3,132 1,884 0.2 1.6 5,016 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Hegel Rd State Rd Genesee 42.91847678 -83.50171872 12,663 608 0.7 5.7 13,271 Single 0.2 4.4 0.5 1.2W Comstock St S Ball St Shiawassee 42.99656509 -84.17195062 5,730 1,703 0.4 2.4 7,433 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5W Mount Morris Rd N Clio Rd Genesee 43.11865026 -83.73409768 6,759 4,942 1.8 13.1 11,701 Single 0.5 10.2 1.3 2.8Lansing Rd E Grand River Rd Shiawassee 42.88340348 -84.06900928 3,085 2,401 0.2 1.6 5,486 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4N Dewey St E Oliver St Shiawassee 43.00175882 -84.16273584 4,013 1,884 0.2 2.4 5,897 Single 0.1 1.9 0.2 0.5W Pierson Rd Sheridan Ave Genesee 43.05937567 -83.92843201 4,255 1,730 0.1 1.2 5,985 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Burnside Rd Lake Pleasant Rd Lapeer 43.20818947 -83.17524985 3,215 2,120 0.2 1.6 5,335 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4
104 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
Pratt Rd Hadley Rd Lapeer 42.95420553 -83.40365587 3,262 1,997 0.2 1.6 5,259 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Juddville Rd State Rd Shiawassee 43.05740265 -84.11892663 3,475 1,516 0.2 1.6 4,991 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Sheridan Ave Easton Rd Genesee 43.11661896 -83.92892176 4,255 1,971 0.1 1.2 6,226 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W 5th St S Grand Traverse St Genesee 43.00948229 -83.6905456 6,347 5,251 0.5 2.9 11,598 Single 0.2 2.3 0.4 0.6Lum Rd N Lake Pleasant Rd Lapeer 43.09878485 -83.1705438 3,839 980 0.2 1.6 4,819 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E 2nd Ave Detroit St Genesee 43.02012869 -83.69428035 5,488 523 0.2 2.0 6,011 Single 0.1 1.5 0.2 0.4N M 52 W Henderson Rd Shiawassee 43.08552289 -84.16822852 4,518 1,504 0.1 1.2 6,022 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Mount Morris Rd Sheridan Ave Genesee 43.11767486 -83.92890392 4,255 2,109 0.1 1.2 6,364 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E 3rd St Harrison St Genesee 43.01465659 -83.68775684 4,422 1,522 0.2 2.4 5,944 Single 0.1 1.8 0.2 0.5W 1st St Beach St Genesee 43.01528958 -83.69198141 5,438 583 0.2 2.6 6,021 Single 0.1 2.0 0.2 0.6Glenwood Ave S Chevrolet Ave Genesee 43.00769596 -83.70772489 6,223 6,223 0.5 3.8 12,446 Single 0.2 3.0 0.4 0.8Newburg Rd Byron Rd Shiawassee 42.91153683 -83.9482772 3,228 2,607 0.2 1.6 5,834 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Elms Rd Grand Blanc Rd Genesee 42.91341036 -83.80986581 4,823 1,388 0.1 1.2 6,211 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Dodge Rd Linden Rd Genesee 43.14822313 -83.7739895 3,688 1,477 0.2 1.6 5,164 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Robert T Longway Blvd N Franklin Ave Genesee 43.02574337 -83.66483411 18,147 4,228 1.5 5.7 22,375 Single 0.4 4.5 1.0 1.2W Nepessing St Mason St Lapeer 43.05336672 -83.31363422 5,112 972 0.3 2.5 6,084 Single 0.1 1.9 0.2 0.5E 2nd St Harrison St Genesee 43.0155864 -83.68858128 4,422 2,056 0.3 2.1 6,478 Single 0.1 1.6 0.2 0.5Lansing Rd Byron Rd Shiawassee 42.93326765 -83.949013 4,411 2,642 0.1 1.2 7,053 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Myers Rd Imlay City Rd Lapeer 43.04630495 -83.28465984 8,710 4,854 0.7 4.7 13,564 Single 0.2 3.7 0.5 1.0McCandlish Rd S Saginaw Rd Genesee 42.90905741 -83.60435183 14,963 5,439 1.3 8.5 20,402 Single 0.4 6.7 0.9 1.8E Hibbard Rd S State Rd Shiawassee 42.95445658 -84.11886687 3,922 1,362 0.2 1.6 5,284 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4S Gale Rd Hegel Rd Genesee 42.91850668 -83.53324177 4,544 3,514 0.1 1.2 8,058 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3M 21 Carland Rd Shiawassee 42.99919883 -84.30475068 5,699 1,040 0.1 1.2 6,739 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Flint St E Flint St Genesee 43.03470158 -83.51677332 23,709 9,791 1.0 7.1 33,500 Double 0.3 5.6 0.7 1.5W Mount Morris Rd N Elms Rd Genesee 43.11812483 -83.81369672 5,720 3,941 0.4 2.8 9,661 Single 0.1 2.2 0.3 0.6Miller Rd Hammerberg Rd Genesee 43.00292162 -83.70925174 15,877 8,926 1.5 6.6 24,803 Single 0.4 5.2 1.0 1.4W Pierson Rd N Linden Rd Genesee 43.06055343 -83.77295808 20,744 8,718 5.5 36.2 29,462 Double 1.6 28.3 3.8 7.9University Ave Detroit St Genesee 43.0210425 -83.69504037 5,488 4,935 0.4 3.1 10,423 Single 0.1 2.4 0.3 0.7Gale Rd Perry Rd Genesee 42.9378474 -83.53433599 4,750 3,167 0.1 1.2 7,917 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Lansing Rd Shaftsburg Rd Shiawassee 42.81275391 -84.29340719 4,335 1,142 0.2 1.6 5,477 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4S M 52 S Chipman St Shiawassee 42.97337259 -84.18663071 9,876 3,544 0.7 3.3 13,420 Single 0.2 2.6 0.5 0.7North Branch Rd Fish Lake Rd Lapeer 43.22838668 -83.25464564 3,718 2,523 0.2 1.6 6,241 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Corunna Ave N Shiawassee St Shiawassee 42.98189221 -84.11792456 9,849 1,419 0.6 5.0 11,268 Single 0.2 3.9 0.4 1.1Robert T Longway Blvd N Robert T Longway Blvd S Genesee 43.02461317 -83.68502562 18,147 11,158 0.8 3.9 29,305 Double 0.2 3.0 0.6 0.8Maple St M 71 Shiawassee 42.9428008 -84.02811864 4,953 885 0.2 1.6 5,838 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Pratt Rd Baldwin Rd Lapeer 42.95533506 -83.33956312 4,174 2,100 0.2 1.6 6,274 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Main St N Ball St Shiawassee 42.99752957 -84.17194339 16,891 2,022 1.1 5.2 18,913 Single 0.3 4.1 0.8 1.1E Pierson Rd Horton Ave Genesee 43.06129936 -83.68247847 6,237 4,444 0.4 2.8 10,681 Single 0.1 2.2 0.3 0.6W 5th Ave Garland St Genesee 43.02239914 -83.6977008 11,158 2,739 0.8 5.2 13,897 Single 0.2 4.1 0.5 1.1Lippincott Blvd S Genesee Rd Genesee 43.00413695 -83.61486204 7,205 2,472 0.4 3.4 9,677 Single 0.1 2.6 0.3 0.7
105 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
S Saginaw St S Byron Rd Shiawassee 42.81821649 -83.94230545 5,709 3,119 0.1 1.2 8,828 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Juddville Rd N M 52 Shiawassee 43.05690614 -84.17720906 6,543 1,628 0.1 1.2 8,171 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Lansing Rd S Morrice Rd Shiawassee 42.84521472 -84.1806342 4,327 2,331 0.2 1.6 6,658 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Coldwater Rd N Elms Rd Genesee 43.08920195 -83.81347237 5,582 2,555 0.3 2.5 8,136 Single 0.1 2.0 0.2 0.5Robert T Longway Blvd Robert T Longway Blvd N Genesee 43.02556341 -83.67883417 18,147 18,147 0.8 2.2 36,294 Double 0.2 1.7 0.6 0.5Elms Rd Hill Rd Genesee 42.94265117 -83.81073012 4,873 1,388 0.2 1.6 6,261 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Grand Blanc Rd Seymour Rd Genesee 42.91277864 -83.85007605 4,234 2,709 0.2 1.6 6,942 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4N Linden Rd W Carpenter Rd Genesee 43.07870351 -83.77320375 6,888 1,331 0.1 1.2 8,219 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Hamilton Ave Industrial Ave Genesee 43.03536903 -83.68722931 7,322 773 0.3 2.4 8,095 Single 0.1 1.9 0.2 0.5Lansing Rd Lansing Rd Shiawassee 42.92534899 -83.98338556 6,034 2,938 0.1 1.2 8,972 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3N M 52 W Juddville Rd Shiawassee 43.05640365 -84.17720238 6,543 1,934 0.1 1.2 8,477 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Mount Morris Rd N Seymour Rd Genesee 43.11770955 -83.87278232 4,368 2,501 0.2 1.6 6,869 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Mount Morris Rd N Irish Rd Genesee 43.12085038 -83.55860178 4,575 2,023 0.2 1.6 6,598 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Newark Rd S Lake Pleasant Rd Lapeer 43.00343357 -83.16453719 4,347 2,640 0.2 1.6 6,987 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Corunna Rd Sheridan Ave Genesee 42.99888869 -83.92857421 6,975 4,531 1.7 12.9 11,505 Single 0.5 10.1 1.2 2.8Woodbury Rd Lansing Rd Shiawassee 42.79663085 -84.35153474 4,335 3,085 0.2 1.6 7,420 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Nepessing St N Saginaw St Lapeer 43.05547836 -83.30869432 10,395 5,198 0.8 3.8 15,593 Single 0.2 3.0 0.5 0.8Dryden Rd Rochester Rd Lapeer 42.94548253 -83.14488127 4,478 3,168 0.2 1.6 7,646 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Carpenter Rd Horton Ave Genesee 43.07578076 -83.68267224 10,557 2,127 0.6 3.3 12,684 Single 0.2 2.6 0.4 0.7Lippincott Blvd S Center Rd Genesee 43.00416841 -83.63449757 23,573 3,791 1.7 7.4 27,364 Double 0.5 5.8 1.2 1.6S M 52 W Hibbard Rd Shiawassee 42.95529876 -84.21165801 9,876 513 0.1 1.2 10,389 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3VanDyke Rd North Branch Rd Lapeer 43.23220186 -83.07810638 7,880 1,853 0.1 1.2 9,733 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Coldwater Rd N Linden Rd Genesee 43.08965564 -83.77351096 5,075 2,404 0.2 1.6 7,479 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E 7th St S Saginaw St Genesee 43.00991408 -83.68510278 11,626 1,591 0.6 6.8 13,217 Single 0.2 5.3 0.4 1.5E Austin Ave N Saginaw St Genesee 43.06952363 -83.69393403 14,173 637 0.6 3.8 14,810 Single 0.2 3.0 0.4 0.8E Mount Morris Rd State Rd Genesee 43.12544421 -83.51905375 8,963 1,297 0.1 1.2 10,260 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Davison Rd N Elba Rd Lapeer 43.0415328 -83.44024384 5,093 3,110 0.2 1.6 8,203 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4State Rd Vienna Rd Genesee 43.18143019 -83.52008352 7,682 3,690 0.1 1.2 11,372 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Perry Rd Irish Rd Genesee 42.93906989 -83.55414589 7,164 5,639 0.1 1.2 12,803 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Imlay City Rd N Wilder Rd Lapeer 43.04542862 -83.24541398 5,419 2,633 0.2 1.6 8,052 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4W 2nd St S Grand Traverse St Genesee 43.01322451 -83.69370863 7,167 2,754 0.3 2.2 9,921 Single 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.5State Rd E Mount Morris Rd Genesee 43.12182304 -83.5190365 8,963 1,787 0.1 1.2 10,750 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Coldwater Rd N Irish Rd Genesee 43.09197034 -83.55785755 5,349 2,872 0.2 1.6 8,221 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4W Carpenter Rd N Linden Rd Genesee 43.07509093 -83.77316999 8,710 2,207 0.1 1.2 10,917 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3E Stanley Rd N State Rd Genesee 43.10746018 -83.51877815 8,963 1,904 0.1 1.2 10,867 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Clear Lake Rd VanDyke Rd Lapeer 43.15276756 -83.07521801 7,007 929 0.2 1.6 7,936 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Imlay City Rd N Lake Pleasant Rd Lapeer 43.04695426 -83.16747761 5,186 4,135 0.2 1.6 9,321 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4N Leroy St W Silver Lake Rd Genesee 42.79771707 -83.70481254 17,241 8,356 1.3 9.9 25,597 Single 0.4 7.7 0.9 2.1Peppermill Rd S Saginaw St Lapeer 43.04370303 -83.30405542 9,530 8,491 0.6 5.5 18,021 Single 0.2 4.3 0.5 1.2E Vienna Rd N Bray Rd Genesee 43.178867 -83.65999818 6,581 2,198 0.2 1.6 8,779 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4
106 GENESEE, LAPEER, AND SHIAWASSEE REGION V TRAFFIC SAFETY PLAN
Name1 Name2 County Latitude LongitudeMaj_
AADTMin_
AADT
Annual Exp. w/o Roundabout Roundabout CalculationsAnnual Exp. w/
RoundaboutReduction in Expected
Crashes
FI TOTALTotal Entering Daily Volume
Roundabout Potential FI TOTAL FI TOTAL
Bowers Rd N VanDyke Rd Lapeer 43.06559513 -83.0744088 8,686 669 0.2 1.6 9,355 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Stanley Rd N Bray Rd Genesee 43.10553371 -83.65686775 6,788 2,240 0.2 1.6 9,028 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Vienna Rd Irish Rd Genesee 43.18009317 -83.55959617 6,695 2,454 0.2 1.6 9,149 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4W Baldwin Rd Torrey Rd Genesee 42.88534433 -83.72947303 6,059 3,961 0.2 1.6 10,020 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Lapeer Rd Columbiaville Rd Lapeer 43.16091639 -83.31164834 11,458 1,904 0.1 1.2 13,362 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3M 21 N Durand Rd Shiawassee 42.99953572 -83.98674544 7,034 2,067 0.2 1.6 9,101 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Broad St Bridge St Genesee 42.814776 -83.78232129 11,027 6,190 0.7 7.0 17,217 Single 0.2 5.5 0.5 1.5W Mount Morris Rd N Linden Rd Genesee 43.11883157 -83.7737849 6,815 3,016 0.2 1.6 9,830 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Demille Blvd Demille Blvd Lapeer 43.04355737 -83.33219458 5,996 5,996 0.2 1.6 11,992 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Clio Rd N Saginaw Rd Genesee 43.20431915 -83.73479199 10,381 4,529 0.5 4.2 14,910 Single 0.2 3.3 0.4 0.9Hill Rd S State Rd Genesee 42.94727655 -83.50472472 12,443 2,777 0.1 1.2 15,220 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3State Rd Perry Rd Genesee 42.9401716 -83.50483148 12,272 3,167 0.1 1.2 15,439 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3W Bennington Rd S M 52 Shiawassee 42.93571461 -84.22259314 9,876 766 0.2 1.6 10,642 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Grand Blanc Rd Davis St Genesee 42.92572093 -83.63237571 13,678 7,069 0.8 5.3 20,747 Single 0.3 4.2 0.6 1.2W Silver Lake Rd N Adelaide St Genesee 42.7983547 -83.70987484 17,241 4,696 1.0 7.9 21,937 Single 0.3 6.2 0.7 1.7W Newark Rd S Lapeer Rd Lapeer 42.99984444 -83.32113806 14,413 2,209 0.1 1.2 16,622 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Vienna Rd Sheridan Ave Genesee 43.17609718 -83.93063502 7,390 4,467 0.2 1.6 11,857 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Dodge Rd State Rd Genesee 43.15176257 -83.52011744 8,343 2,539 0.2 1.6 10,882 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4W Grand River Rd S M 52 Shiawassee 42.89239761 -84.22194051 9,807 1,198 0.2 1.6 11,005 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4Miller Rd Morrish Rd Genesee 42.95717867 -83.83072958 13,916 7,990 0.9 7.0 21,906 Single 0.3 5.5 0.6 1.5W Atherton Rd S Grand Traverse St Genesee 42.98888313 -83.68193442 14,032 8,814 0.9 5.2 22,846 Single 0.3 4.1 0.6 1.1S Lapeer Rd Pratt Rd Lapeer 42.95586741 -83.31403032 14,413 5,086 0.1 1.2 19,499 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Leith St N Dort Hwy Genesee 43.04275569 -83.65654022 12,265 2,582 0.4 2.4 14,847 Single 0.1 1.9 0.3 0.5W Dryden Rd S Lapeer Rd Lapeer 42.94394642 -83.31349221 14,413 6,672 0.1 1.2 21,085 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3Davison Rd Davison Rd Lapeer 43.04312063 -83.36199434 15,987 9,613 0.1 1.2 25,600 Single 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.3North Branch Rd N Lapeer Rd Lapeer 43.21926684 -83.3136821 11,004 3,506 0.2 1.6 14,510 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Richfield Rd N Irish Rd Genesee 43.06291504 -83.55749492 11,767 6,516 2.4 20.9 18,283 Single 0.7 16.3 1.7 4.5Robert T Longway Blvd S Cesar Chavez Dr Genesee 43.02495614 -83.68073822 18,147 1,729 0.4 2.4 19,876 Single 0.1 1.8 0.3 0.5W Vienna Rd Elms Rd Genesee 43.17715719 -83.81411248 15,588 1,854 0.2 1.6 17,442 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4W Genesee St Millville Rd Lapeer 43.05018445 -83.34257487 13,596 5,996 2.6 22.5 19,592 Single 0.8 17.6 1.8 4.9Dryden Rd VanDyke Rd Lapeer 42.94874571 -83.05652722 14,454 4,614 0.2 1.6 19,068 Single 0.1 1.3 0.1 0.4E Clark St S State Rd Genesee 43.02556168 -83.51784039 28,798 3,688 1.1 8.5 32,486 Double 0.3 6.7 0.8 1.8
