genetic engineering i. nucleotides building blocks of dna and rna dna –genetic material...
TRANSCRIPT
Genetic Engineering I
Nucleotides
• Building blocks of DNA and RNA
• DNA– Genetic material– “information” storage
• RNA– Structural and information expression– Catalysis– Probable first biopolymer
Terminology
• Bases– Nitrogen containing ring
• Nucleoside– Base attached to sugar
• Nucleotide– Nucleoside + phosphate
• Nucleic Acid– Polymers of nucleotides
A nice, convenientnumbering scheme?
Polymerize at 5’and 3’ positions
DNA is deoxy at2’ position
Common Bases
DNA vs. RNA
A=T or A=U pairsG=C pairs
What is effect of high GC content?
B DNA
Other forms exist
Biotechnology
• The discovery of restriction endonucleases (enzymes) was essential to the development of biotechnology.– Cleave at specific DNA sequences
• hundreds to thousands of bp separation
– Usually recognizes a palindromic sequence– Likely part of a host defense mechanism *– Allows you to cut and paste pieces of DNA
Plasmids
Today:Satellite DNAfrom E. coli picked from gel
