Ropali Khan

Per: 3

A trait controlled by a recessive allele will only show up if the organism does not have the dominant allele.

In co-dominant, the alleles are neither dominant nor recessive neither allele is masked in the offspring.

Geneticists use punnett squares to show all the possible outcomes of genetic cross and to determine the probability of a particular outcome.

The Scientists started this project in 1990 and they finished in 2003.

The project goals were to identify all the approximate 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA, determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA, store this information in databases, improve tools for data analysis, transfer related technologies to the private sector, and address the ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) that may arise from the project.

Some current and potential applications of genome research would be to diagnose, treat, and someday prevent the thousands of disorders that affect us. Learning about nonhuman organisms’ DNA sequences can lead to an understanding of their natural capabilities that can be applied toward solving challenges in health care, agriculture, energy production, and improving the environment.

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission finds that people carrying abnormal genes are protected from job discrimination under the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Genetic disorder caused by mutation, or changes in a person’s DNA. Examples of single gene disorder is Huntington's disease.

A common abnormality is caused by nondisjunction, in human nondisjunction is the most often associated with the 21st chromosome, producing a disease known as Down’s syndrome (also referred to as trisomy21). Sufferers of Down's syndrome suffer mild to severe mental retardation, short stocky body type, large tongue leading to speech difficulties, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease.

The genetically engineered crops are expected to

have a capacity to grow on lands that are presently

not suitable for cultivation. The manipulation of the

genes in crops is expected to improve their nutritional value

as also their rate of growth. Biotechnology, the science of

genetically engineering foods, can be used to impart a better

taste to certain foods

To treat many life-threatening illnesses Read more genetic engineering aims to replace faulty genes with perfect working copies. The potential is incredible. However, whilst there have been some small successes in gene therapy trials to cure vision impairment and also X-SCID (where people lack an effective immune system) - it's fair to say that so far the technology hasn't lived up to expectations. It's an extraordinarily difficult job to get a gene to exactly where you want it in the body, and for it to function in the way that you want it to. Plus our expectations were probably too high from the start.

The genes responsible for the exceptional qualities in some individuals can be discovered, these genes can be artificially introduced into genotypes of other human beings. Genetic engineering in human beings can be used to change the DNA of individuals to bring about desirable structural and functional changes in them.

To treat many life-threatening illnesses genetic engineering aims to replace faulty genes with perfect working copies. The potential is incredible. However, whilst there have been some small successes in gene therapy trials to cure vision impairment and also X-SCID (where people lack an effective immune system) - it's fair to say that so far the technology hasn't lived up to expectations. It's an extraordinarily difficult job to get a gene to exactly where you want it in the body, and for it to function in the way that you want it to. Plus our expectations were probably too high from the start.

Read more: http://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/15678.aspx#ixzz1HuzALnXg

Genetic engineering is the future. It can change the

course of our future by improving our health. It will

ultimately elongate the length of our lives and find

cures for diseases that in the past had no solutions. As

human beings we accept a lot changes throughout our

life span, and I feel that people should be willing to

accept changes that will only improve our lives.

genomics. energy. gov—genetics disease information

brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/15678.aspx#xzz1Hdv

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