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  • 8/3/2019 Geophys Measurement

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    VG\HO\DACNDHCLP

    Ixc|dvch ;i/hapxzh;i/ho|p chal |g pdomxcaz dopdmb|

    @gijdodom a ~azdh|t gn mhgvbtpd`ac ihapxzhiho|p mh|p gvhza|gzp `cgphz |g |bh ndoac aop}hz/

    Kdi Bgccdp# OHGP MhgPg cx|cgop

    Hrvcgza|dgo ac}atp bap zhcdhl go zhig|hct a`qxdzhlla|a |g lhvd`| |bh pxjpxzna`h/ Do |bh dolxp|c$*p hazctlatp# a }dlh ~azdh|t gn ihapxzhiho|p }hzh a`qxdzhl aolaoact{hl/ ]d|b |bh al~ho | gn iglhzo 0)L phdpid`# iaotgn |bhph nalhl do|g |bh ja`emzgxol/ Og}# }d|b bdmbhz zhpgcx|dgo phopgzp# mzha|hz `givx|dom vg}hz# ao l divzg~hlla|a do|hmza|dgo ao l ~dpxacd{a|dgo | h`bodqxhp# |bhph chma`tih|bglp avvhaz |g jh iaedom a `gihja`e/

    G~hz |bh cap| ph~hzac thazp# `givaodhp ba~h madohlvzgidoho`h do |bh hrvcgza|dgo phz~d`hp azhoa jt gnnhzdompxjpxzna`h diamdom |h`bogcgmdhp |ba| mg ajg~h ao ljhtgol phdpid`/ Ngz hraivch# AZEhR gnnhzp al~ao`hlmza~d|t mzaldgih|zt pxz~htp |g jh||hz diamh `givchrmhgcgmd`ac ph||domp px`b ap pxjpac| gz |g ndcc do |b h azhapjh|}hho pvazph :)L gz 0)L phdpid` pxz~htp/ }bdch `givaodhp cdeh HIMP ao l GBI Zg`e Pgcdl Diamhp gnnhz hch`|zgiamoh|d` "HI$ pxz~htp |g jh||hz lhcdoha|h ncxdl pa|xza|dgoaogiacdhp do |bh pxjpxzna`h# igp| nzhqxho|ct gnnpbgzh/

    Hazcdh z |bdp thaz# aog|bhz `givaot ) Bgxp|go)japhlOHGP MhgPgcx|dgop ) ho|hzhl |bh mcgjac hrvcgza|dgophz~d`hp azhoa }d|b ao aijd|dgxp ~dpdgo/ \b h `givaotpdixc|aohgxpct do|hzvzh|p ap iaot mhgcgmd`ac# mhgvbtpd`ac#aol mhg`bhid`ac la|aph|p ap vgppdjch# do`cxldom la|aph|p|ba| azh a``hppdjch do |bh vxjcd` lgiado# a~adcajch ngzcd`hoph nzgi |bdzl vaz|dhp# zhpdlho| do `cdho| gz OHGP-pg}o la|a az`bd~hp# gz oh}ct a`qxdzhl xpdom OHGP/g}ohlaol gvhza|hl adzjgzoh ptp|hip/ A| vzhpho|# |bh `givaot

    ng`xphp hr`cxpd~hct go gopbgzhH.V vzgkh`|p/

    \b h mgac dp og | |gldpvca`h `go~ho|dgoacphdpid` diamdom jx | |gall a pxd|h gn mhgcgmd)Ixc|dvch mhgcgmd`ac#mhgvbtpd`ac# aol mhg`bhid`ac la|aph|p azhdo|hzvzh|hl pdixc|aohgxpct/ "Diamhp `gxz|hptgn OHGP MhgPgcx|cgop$

    `ac ao l mhgvbtpd`ac ihapxzhiho|p |ba| divzg~h phdpidla|aph|p }bhzh |bht hrdp| aol# do mhgmzavbdhp }bhzh |bhtlg og|# |g phz~h ap vca`hbgclhzp xo|dc H.V `givaodhp ba~ha jh||hz dlha gn }bhzh |bht }ao | |g `giidppdgo oh} phdpid` a`qxdpd|dgo vzgmzaip/

    \bdp avvzga`b lhcd~hzp a igzh xodqxh# bdmbct `gop|zadohl aop}hz ajgx| }ba| dp mgdom go }d|bdo |bh pxjpxzna`h/ A phdpid` diamh# }bho d| hrdp|p# `ao jh hr|zhihctxphncDd do zh~hacdom |bh p|zx`|xzhp }d|bdo |bh haz|b# jx |g|bhz M.M ihapxzhiho|p ) do`cxldom mza~d|t# iamoh|d`#zaldgih|zd`# HI# aol btvhzpvh`x-ac ) `ao jzdom h~hoigzh |g |bh do|hzvzh|a|dgo ap |bht zh~hac divgz|ao| |bdompajgx| zg`e vzgvhz|dhp# ncxdl pa|xza|dgop# aol nza`|xzh ptp|hip |ba| phdpid` acgoh idmb| og | lhndoh alhqxa|hct/Vg|ho|dac ndhclp jggi\b h zhig|h phopdom jggi dp lzd~ho jt ph~hzac na`|gzp/ Gohdo~gc~hp |bh gvhza|dgoac `baXhomhp appg`da|hl }d|b oh}phdpid a`qxdpd|dgo/ Caol)xph vhzid|p `ao jh ldnnd`xc| aol|dih)u;gopxidom |g gj|ado / Ho~dzgoiho|ac zhp|zd`|dgopcdid| |bh aigxo| gn bha~t hqxdviho| )cdeh ^djzgphdp ~hbd`chp ) |ba| `ao ho|hz ao azha/ Aol phdpid` a`qxdpd|dgo vzgmzaip |tvd`acct do~gc~h lg{hop dn og | bxolzhlp gn `zh}ihijhzp |g lhvcgt# iado| ado# aol gvhza|h |bh dop|zxiho|a|dgo# a zhacd|t |ba| do`zhaphp |bh BPH zdpe gn aot vzgkh`|/\bhph dppxhp lzd~h xv |bh `gp| ao l `t`ch |dih appg`da|hl}d|b oh} a`qxdpd|dgo vzgmzaip aol gn|ho cdid| g~hzamh|g btvg|bhpd{hl# bdmb)vg|ho|dac *vgp|amh p|aiv* azhap/

    Jt `go|zap|# iaot gn |bh ogo)phdpid` mhgvbtpd`acihapxzhiho|p `ao jh gj|adohl nzgi adzjgzoh a`qxdpd|dgovca|ngzip# do`cxldom pa|hccd|hp# ndrhl)}dom adz`zan|# ao lbhcd`gv|hzp/ \bdp accg}p cazmh# japdo)p`ach azhap |g jhpxz~hthl qxd`ect# hnnd`dho|ct# ao l }d|b idodiac dppxhp gna``hpp ao l mzgxol)japhl vhzpgoohc lhvcgtiho|/ Dopdmb|pnzgi |bhph vzgmzaip `ao jh xphl |g bhcv ng`xp ngc1g})gophdpid` a`qxdpd|dgo vzgmzaip go |bh igp| vzgpvh`|d~hazhap }d|bdo |bh japdo gz |g mxdlh chapdom lh`dpdgop }bho|dih dp gn |bh hppho`h/\bh p`dho`h jhbdol |bh ih|bglOHGP-p ih|bglgcgmt do~gc~hp `zgpp)u;gzzhca|dom |bh mhgcgmd`ac aol mhg`bhid`ac gold|dgop do |bh pxjpxzna`h }d|b |bhmhgvbtpd`ac zhpvgophp |ba| zhpxc|/ Ngz dop|ao`h# igp| btlzg)

    Iat :611 D HViam/`GDo8:

  • 8/3/2019 Geophys Measurement

    2/3

    `azjgo zhphc^gdzp azh og| phachl vhznh`|ct jx | dop|hal azhvhoh|za|hl jt piacc naxc|p gz nza`|xzhp |ba| accg} c d m b | ~ o l btlzg`azjgop |g phhv xv}azl/ Ja`|hcdac lhmzala|dgo gncha`bdom btlzg`azjgop `ao `axph a zhlx`|dgo {goh |glh~hcgv ajg~h |bh zhphc^gdz aol hd|bhz vtzd|h gz pxcnxz vzh`dvd|a|hp |g ngzi/ \bhph mhg`bhid`ac zha`|dgop do |bh pxjpxzna`h `ao jh lh|h`|hl jt cggedom ngz mhgvbtpd`acaogiacdhp do zhpdp|d~d|t gz iamoh|d` ihapxzhiho|p/

    @cgphz |g |bh pxzna`h# |bh idmza|dgo gn |za`h qxao|d|dhpgn btlzg`azjgop `ao `axph `azjgoa|hp |g vzh`dvd|a|h ao lgrdld{dom {gohp |g ngzi/ Go`h amado# |bhph mhg`bhid`aczha`|dgop `ao jh lh|h`|hl jt cggedom ngz a mhgvbtpd`acaogiact "do |bdp dop|ao`h# a bdmb)zhpdp|d~d|t zhpvgoph$/ A||bh pxzna`h# cha`bdom btlzg`azjgop ao zhpxc| do bdmbmaiia *bacgp*5 gdc phhvp5 |za`h qxao|d|dhp gn oa|xzac map5gz ldp|zhpphl ~hmh|a|dgo lx h |g |bh vzhpho`h gn btlzg`azjgop do |bh adz# pgdc# gz mzgxol}a|hz# aot gn }bd`b `ao jhlh|h`|hl xpdom ao avvzgvzda|h zaldgih|zd` gz btvhzpvh`|zac phopgz/Xo`go~ho|dgoac map hrvcgza|dgo do |bh Zg`edhpA ixc|dihapxzhiho| avvzga`b `ao al l ~acxh do iaotvcat |tvhp/ nzgi |bh nzgo|dhz |g |bh ia|xzh azhoa aolnzgi `go~ho|dgoac |g xo`go~ho|dgoac zhphc^gdzp/ Do @gcgzalg-p Vd`hao`h Japdo# OHGP }ap homamhl jt a `cdho|}bgph a`zhamh }ap xolhzcado jt vzgpvh`|d~h btlzg`azjgoao l idohzac lhvgpd|p/ \b h |hzzado do |bh azha }ap zxmmhl}d|b bdmbct ~azdajch |gvgmzavbt ao l a idr gn vxjcd` ao lvzd~a|h caolp ba~dom jg|b a``hpp ao l xph zhp|zd`|dgop/ Vzglx`dom map }hccp bal jhho lzdcchl go |bh a`zhamh# jx |dold~dlxac }hcc vzglx`|d~d|t }ap bdmbct ~azdajch/ @cdho|mhgp`dho|dp|p |bhgzd{hl |ba| bdmbhz vzglx`|dgo }hccp }hzhlcdcchl do |bh ~d`dod|t gn oa|xzacct g``xzzdom nza`|xzhp}azip |ba| }hzh appg`da|hl }d|b ohazjt naxc|dom/

    \g jh||hz hrvcado |bh appxihl `gzzhca|dgo jh|}hho nza`|xzh do|hopd|t ao l }hcc vzglx`|dgo# OHGP a`qxdzhl oh}adzjgzoh mhgvbtpd`ac la|aph|p g~hz |bh vzgkh`| azha/Btvhzpvh`|zac diamhp bhcvhl |g dlho|dnt pxzna`h)vhoh|za|dom naxc| cdohaiho|p ao l |za`h qxao|d|dhp gn oa|xzac map a||bh pxzna`h/ A `gijdoa|dgo gn mza~d|t ao l chma`t phdpid`la|aph|p bhcvhl |g hp|ajcdpb |bh zhmdgoac naxc| vd`|xzh#}bdch iamoh|d` la|a bhcvhl |g dlho|dnt {gohp gn do|hophnza`|xzdom }d|bdo |bh zhphc^gdz do|hc^ac/ Mhgp`dho|dp|p |bhgzd{hl |ba| |bh nza`|xzh {gohp `go|adohl idohzacd{a|dgoaogiacdhp axphl jt bdmbhz }a|hz |bzgxmbvx| g~hz |bh`gxzph gn mhgcgmd` |dih/

    Japhl go a ixc|dihapxzhiho| do|hzvzh|a|dgo gn|bha~adcajch ao l oh}ct a`qxdzhl la|a# OHGP dlho|dndhl nza`|xzh p}azip/ Ac|bgxmb |bh azha bal jhho lzdcchl ao l }apxolhz vzglx`|dgo ngz a `gxvch gn thazp# |bh a`|xac }hccao l vzglx`|dgo la|a }hzh og | zh~hachl |g OHGP a| |bhp|az| gn|bh vzgkh`|# hppho|dacct iaedom d| a jcdol |hp|/

    HViam/`gi D Iat :611

    A map ldp|zdjx|dgo iav ngz |bh Jgppchz ngzia|dgo pbg}p {gohp gnbdmbhp| map pa|xza|dgo Do bg| `gcgzp/

    Go`h |bh zhpxc|p }hzh lhcd~hzhl# |bh `cdho| `gondzihl |ba||bhdz igp| vzglx`|d~h }hccp }hzh cg`a|hl do |bh azhap }d|b|bh bdmbhp| iavvhl nza`|xzh lhopd|t/Paol va`eamh dlho|dnd`a|dgo do |bh Jgppdhz\b h Jgppdhz ngzia|dgo cdhp kxp| ajg~h |bh Batohp~dcchpbach |bzgxmbgx| a cazmh vgz|dgo gn ogz|bhap| \hrap ao logz|b}hp| Cgxdpdaoa/ ]bdch |bh Jgppdhz `go|adop a ~azdh|t

    http:///reader/full/EPmag.comhttp:///reader/full/EPmag.com
  • 8/3/2019 Geophys Measurement

    3/3

    VG\HO\DACNDHCLP

    [goh gn ih|ac [goh gn @a@GYa``xixca|dgo a``xixca|dgo

    ]ha|bhzhl {goh)))))))/C )))))))/C

    )))))))/C )))))))/C)))))))/C

    K/]a|hz |ajch

    @catp gz g|bhz cg})vhzihdcjdcc|t cathz

    'W'W'W' W'W' -)) - //' -) - //' -) -#///- -) -#///- -) ---' -/) - ##'Bgp| cd|bgcgmt? ' 1' ?1#)#/' -)-/' -)/ - /' -)-/' -))# ####- -)- /'/#/- # /- / # /- / # / #/- # # #

    Mhg`bhid`ac zha`|dgop Do |bh pxjpxzna`h `ao jh lh|h`|hl jt cggedom ngz mhgvbtpd`acaogiacdhp do zhpdp|d~d|t gz iamoh|d` ihapxzhiho|p/gn vcat |tvhp# |bh gvhza|gz }ap do|hzhp|hl do dlho|d|tdom map)ndcchl paol va`eamhp |ba| }hzh lhvgpd|hl acgom pbhcn)hlmh lhc|ap do |bh Kxzappd`/ Ac|bgxmbpgih phdpid` la|a hrdp|hl do |bh azha# chma`t ~hcg`d|t iglhcp gn|ho }hzh doalhqxa|h |g vzgvhzct lhv|b)idmza|h |bh la|a/ Jt jzdomdom do mza~d|t ihapxzhiho|p# OHGP }ap ajch |g divzg~h |bh ~hcg`d|t iglhcp ao l |bh zhpxc|domvzhp|a`e lhv|b idmza|hl la|a/

    G|bhz mhgvbtpd`ac la|aph|p acpg }hzh a`qxdzhl aol aoact{hl/ Bdmb)nzhqxho`tHI la|a }hzh xphl |g ia v ohaz)pxzna`h zhpdp|d~d|t aogiacdhp# lhcdoha|dom grdld{dom {gohp |ba| `gxcl ba~h jhho appg`da|hl }d|b btlzg`azjgo chaeamh nzgijhcg}/ Zaldgih|zd` la|a }hzh aoact{hl |g dlho|dnt vg|ho|dac bacgp appg`da|hl}d|b |za`h qxao|d|dhp gn btlzg`azjgop do |bh ohaz)pxzna`hW Btvhzpvh`|zac la|a}hzh xphl |g `baza`|hzd{h pxjxh |gvgmzavbd` nha|xzhp go |bh pxzna`h# }bd`b}hzh `gzzhca|hl }d|b g|bhz ihapxz hiho|p |g |dh pxzna`h dopdmb|p }d|b pxjpxzna`hp|zx`|xzhp# aol a vzgvzdh|azt pvh`|zac lh`givgpd|dgo acmgzd|bi }ap avvcdhl |gldp`zdidoa|h cd|bgcgmt aol ncxdl `baomhp }d|bdo |bh zhphc~gdz do|hc~aC

    Do |bh hol# igzh |bao a lg{ho mhgcgmd`ac # mhgvbtpd`ac# aol mhg`bhid`aci h a p x z h i h o C ~ }hzh xphl do |bh pdixc|aohgxpkgdo| do~hzpdgo# a mhgp|a|dp|d`acih|bgl |ba| lhcd~hzp a 0)L vzgjajdcd|t `xjh bdmbcdmb| dom pxjpxzna`h zg`e# ncxdl#aol nza`|xzh va||hzop acgom }d|b bdmb)vg|ho|dac lzdccajch p}hh| pvg|pW Go h holvzglx`| zhpxc|dom nzgi |bh vzgkh`| lhp`zdjhl x1h vzgjajdcd|t |ba| a `giihz`dacct ~dajch# map)`bazmhl paol va`eamh cdhp jhoha|b |ba | vgz|dgo gn a`zhamh}d|bdo |bh Jgppdhz ngzia|dgo WA }hcc bal jhho lzdcchl do|g |bh Jgppdhz do |bhidllch gn |bh zhlldpb)jzg}o g~ac aol vhoh|za|hl a cazmh map)ndcchl paol xod|/

    \b h `cdho| bal }d|bbhcl |bh hrdp|ho`h gn "aol la|a nzgi$ |ba| }hcc lxzdom|bh vzgkh`|# goct |g ba~h d|p vzglx`|d~h vg|ho|dac S*acdla|hl jt |b h ixc|dihapxzhiho| pXc~ht/

    \b h |ape gn ndoldom aol vzglx`dom btlzg`azjgop mzg}p do`zhapdomct `gi\bhzh Da igzhq |g |bDa p|gzt///ZHAL IGcH GOXOHHViam/ggi vchr }d|b ha`b vappdom thazW Ngz|xoa|hct# oh}|h`bogcgmdhp aol oh} |h`bodqxhp |g hr|za`|iardixi dopdmb| nzgi vzg~ho ih|bglp `go|doxh |g jh allhl |g |bh dolxp|zt-p hrvcgza|dgoazphoac/ cDV

    HViamW`gi D Iat :611