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Georgia Performance Standards:SS8H1b: Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American culture; include Spanish missions along the barrier islands and the explorations of Hernando DeSoto.

Unit 3: Exploration & Colonization of Georgia

The First FiveSeptember 11, 2014

Agenda Message: No homework tonight.Today’s Warm-up: Fill in the thought bubble below with words and/or pictures to show what you already think about when you think about Exploration.

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Reasons for Exploration

• The Renaissance, a “rebirth” and a time of new ideas in Europe, brought about changes in learning, religion, and trade.

• It began in Italy in 1350.

Learning After the Middle Ages (800-1300s), there was an interest in art, math, science, literature, & politics by Europeans.

Religion Europeans began to study & question Christianity, plus the role of the Catholic Church.

Trade Europeans wanted new spices and silk fabrics that were found in Asia. Trade created wealth for businessmen/merchants.

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Reasons for Exploration• Spices were in great demand by Europeans

because: 1. Meat and fish spoiled too quickly, due to no

refrigeration.2. Spices such as salt, pepper, cinnamon,

nutmeg, and cloves helped to preserve food longer.

3. It flavored foods making them tastier.

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Reasons for Exploration

• Customers wanted exotic spices and fabrics from Asia, but transporting spices across great distances by land cost too much money.

• Business owners wanted to make bigger profits = More money

• Therefore, a shortcut was needed to get merchandise from Asia to Europe = Supply & Demand

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Reasons for Exploration

• The 3 main reasons that kings and queens (monarchs) financed expeditions (trips) to the New World:

A.God: To spread Christianity to more people.

B.Gold: To find riches (Gold, silver, precious stones, & exotic trinkets).

C.Glory: To become historically famous and to add more territory to their kingdom.

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(http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=cd6df36d-b595-40f0-8064-d6c6b885a409)

Exit Slip• How did the Renaissance

encourage exploration?

The First FiveSeptember 12, 2014

Agenda Message: Have a great weekend!

Today’s Warm-up: What were the 3 main reasons for exploration to the New World (3Gs)? Explain each reason.

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European Exploration• Spain, France, and England began to compete

with each other to discover new sea routes.• Rule #1-If you controlled the seas, then you

controlled trade with Asia= Power & Wealth

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Spanish Conquistadors• Conquistador- A Spanish explorer and conqueror

who sought to destroy and take over existing cultures in the Americas in the 1500s.

• As they explored the Americas, they used guns and swords to defeat Native Americans. While the Native Americans used bows & arrowsand stone tools.

• Without knowing it, these explorers carried diseases with them (smallpox, malaria, and measles).

• These diseases killed many of the natives in the Americas.

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Christopher Columbus• August 1492-Italian Christopher Columbus and his group of

ships (Santa Maria, Pinta, & Niña) left Spain to find spices and gold for King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella of Spain.

• October 12, 1492- He found islands in the Caribbean (A.K.A. West Indies) and claimed them for Spain.

• He brought back Native Americans (mistakenly calling them “Indians”).

• He did not find much gold.• The King and Queen of Spain named him, Admiral of the

Ocean Sea.

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The First FiveSeptember 15, 2014

Agenda Message: Answer 4 homework questionsToday’s Warm-up: Interpret the meaning of this picture.

Tonight’s Homework Questions9/15/14

1. How did the Renaissance contribute to exploration?

2. How did the Gulf Stream affect Spanish exploration?

3. What impact did Hernando DeSoto have on Native Americans in Georgia?

4. Why did early explorers want a water route to Asia?

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Exploration by Spain

• Due to Christopher Columbus’s success in the New World, Spain began to finance more voyages to the Americas.

• Spain began to claim more territory and riches than England and France.

• Juan Ponce de León was determined to find the “Fountain of Youth” in Florida (claimed for Spain). He came to Florida as early as 1513.

• Ponce de León discovered a powerful ocean current called the Gulf Stream.

• This ocean current flows from the Gulf of Mexico north along the eastern coast before turning east toward Europe…This helped explorers get back home to Europe quicker!

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Exploration by Spain

• Lucas Vásquez de Ayllón tried to create the first Spanish settlement along the east coast.

• 1521-He settled in present day North Carolina and then moved on to South Carolina.

• 1526-He started a colony named San Miguel de Gauldape off the coast of present day Georgia, but it lasted for only one year.

• Many of the settlers and Lucas Vásquez de Ayllón died at the San Miguel de Gauldape colony.

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Hernando DeSoto• 1540-Hernando De Soto and his army (about 600 men)

were the 1st Europeans to enter what is now known as Georgia.

• They were also the 1st Europeans to cross the Appalachian Mountains.

• The Spaniards marched through Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, but never found the gold they sought.

• They brutally killed many Native Americans.• Four years later, De Soto died after sustaining injuries

during battle and his men never found cities of gold. Half of his army died during the expedition.

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3-2-1 Review• Identify and explain the meaning of each of

the 3Gs.• Who were 2 Spanish conquistadors that

discovered new land in North America?• Explain 1 way the Renaissance encouraged

exploration and settlement in North America.

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The First FiveSeptember 16, 2014

Today’s Warm-up:

1. Why did Hernando De Soto explore Georgia in 1540?

A. He was attracted by rumors of large gold deposits.

B. He wanted to built forts and missions in the state.

C. He was searching for the “Fountain of Youth.”

D. He believed that he would find a water route to Asia.

2. How did De Soto’s march through Georgia change the lives and culture of Native Americans?

A. Converted Native Americans to Catholicism.

B. Introduce new foods to the Native Americans.

C. Resulted in the death of thousands of Native Americans through violence and disease.

D. Set up trading opportunities for Native Americans.

Agenda Message: Answer 4 homework questions.

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Tonight’s Homework Questions9/16/14

1. What are the 3 Gs of Exploration and what was the purpose for each “G”?

2. What was Hernando De Soto searching for in the southeastern area of North America?

3. De Soto’s army became famous for being the 1st Europeans to cross the _____________ in North America.

4. What was the purpose of Spanish missions?

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Spanish Missions in Georgia• Spain built missions, churches, with small communities

around them.• They were built along the Atlantic coast in an attempt to

bring Christianity to the Indians.• Also, the missions helped to keep French explorers and

army off the coast.• 1566-Pedro Menéndez de Avilés started a mission on

St. Catherine’s Island called the Guale Mission.• Spain controlled the coast and southern part of Georgia

for 100+ years with missions and military posts.• By 1700, Spain controlled much of the Americas (South

America, Central America, and Mexico).

So…Why were Spanish Missions created?

1. R – Religion – convert natives to the Catholic religion.

2. N – New language and customs - Teach natives Spanish and how they should behave as new Catholics.

3. G – Give new jobs/roles - Make natives serve as workers (slaves/servants) and soldiers to serve and protect Spanish interests.

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Pedro Menéndez de Avilés created this

mission

What does that spell? Well…kinda…

W R O N GYour job is to evaluate what the Spanish did by

setting up missions in Georgia and tell me whether or not you think it was “WRONG!”