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Geoscience Australia
Australian Government
Geoscience Australia
Applications of geomorphic mapping
and physical data to bioregionalisation
Alix Post & Phil O’Brien
Geoscience Australia
www.ga.gov.au
Macro-zoobenthos core communitiesGutt (2007)
• Sessile suspension feeder community• Infauna and mobile deposit feeder
community
Primary controls – Phytodetritus flux and sea bed “hardness”
Creating geomorphic map
Input data• GEBCO contours• ETOPO2 satellite bathymetry grid• Seismic lines
Output• Polygons hand digitised
in ArcGIS• 28 categories of geomorphic
features recognised
N
Prydz Bay
Prydz Bay
Shelf depression:< 550 m with closed contours. Typically muddy, biogenic sediments.
Shelf bank:Typically 100-200 m, extending to 500 m. Ice scoured.
Cross shelf valleys:Shelf depression <500 m connected to shelf edge. May be current swept.
Prydz Bay
Upper slope:Mapped from max gradient to lower gradient at ~2500 m. Highly gullied and current swept.
Trough mouth fan:Sediment apron on upper slope.
Lower slope:Extends to lower limit of canyons. Comprises alt. canyons and ridges.
Prydz Bay – Sediments &geomorphology
Phytodetritus-richooze distributioncontrolled by geomorphology
Seamount on seismic line
Height above seabed > 1000 m
Marginal ridge – Outer Adélie Rift BlockMarginal ridge – Outer Adélie Rift Block
D1601Granite, gneiss,
diorite, pelite
7
6
5
S N10 km
George V-Terra Adélie margin – Geomorphic Units
Biogeomorphicunits George V shelfBeaman & Harris,(2005)
Data:MultibeamSingle beamGrab samplesCoresPhotosCTDs
Mertz Drift
Presti et al., Quaternary Science Reviews, 2005
Spearman rank correlation = 0.71
Muddy
Deep/flat
Rocky substrate
Relief
Scours
Coarsesubstrate
Shrimp,infaunal holothurians
Sponges & bryozoa
Bryozoa, sponges, colonial
tunicates
PCA of taxa with correlation to substrate
Bryozoa, sponges, soft
corals
Sponges & solitary tunicates
Post et al., DSR II in press
Hydrocorals and canyon heads, George V continental slope(Post et al., Ant. Sci, 2010)
Conclusions
• Shelf geomorphic units approximate Community-level habitats
• Public bathymetry data sets useful for bioregionalsiation on the scale of around 1: 1 million
Should have value for the slope, rise and deep ocean