gis tutorial 1

GIS TUTORIAL 1

Lecture 1Introduction to GIS

Outline

GIS overview

GIS data and layers

GIS applications and examples

Software overview

GIS tutorial 1 overview

2GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

GIS OVERVIEWLecture 1

What is GIS? Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are

computerized systems designed for the storage, retrieval and analysis of geographically referenced data

GIS uses advanced analytical tools to explore at a scientific level the spatial relationships, patterns, and processes of cultural, biological, demographic, economic, geographic, and physical phenomena


Gotthat?

Tools for GIS Hardware

Computer Digitizer Scanner Printer/Plotter

Software Desktop GIS Internet GIS CAD Software Database Software

Multimedia (photos, videos, 3D models)


Unique capabilities of GIS GIS stores related geographic

features in separate collections of files called map layers

Map layers can be reused easily and assembled into any number of map compositions and overlaid for analysis


GIS answers the following

Location: What is at...? Where is it?

Condition: Status of features?

Trends: What has changed since...?

Patterns: What spatial patterns exist?

Modeling: What if…?


Scale of GIS data

Global to local


Vector data Map features

Points, lines, polygons

Feature attributes Every feature has attributes (e.g. name,

area, population)

Shape Name Class Pop2000 State

Point New York City 8,008,278 NY

Point Los Angeles City 3,694,820 CA

Point Chicago City 2,896,016 IL


Raster DataStored electronic image or picture taken as an aerial photograph or satellite image

Composed of a rectangular array of square cells, called pixels, with a number in each cell representing the solid color fill of that cell


GIS DATA AND LAYERSLecture 1

GIS example Identify polluting companies and their

proximity to populations in poverty, water features, or schools.

Start with Databases Map layers


Databases

Not easy to interpret


Data shown as GIS layers


Additional layers

Political features (municipalities)


Additional layers

Physical features (lakes, rivers, etc.)


Additional layers

Administrative data (schools)


Maps and tables are interactive

Identify features


Maps and tables are interactive

Select features


Advanced GIS functions

Proximity selections


Advanced GIS functions

Buffers Select top polluting companies and show the

number of schools within 2 miles of these companies.


GIS APPLICATIONS AND EXAMPLES

Lecture 1

GIS applicationsA/E/C Civil engineering, surveying.

Business Site location, delivery systems, marketing, media and press, real estate.

Defense/intelligence Military operations, geospatial intelligence

Government Federal, state, local, economic development, elections, urban and regional planning.

Health Public health, health and human services, hospitals, managed care, research.

Natural resources Agriculture, archaeology, climate change, conservation, environmental management, forestry, marine and coast, mining, petroleum, water resources.

Public safety Computer-Aided Dispatch, emergency/disaster management, EMS, homeland security, law enforcement, fire protection, wildfire management

Transportation Aviation, highways, logistics, railways, ports and maritime, public transit

Utilities/communications

Electric, gas, pipeline, telecommunications, water/wastewater


GIS examples Instructor should add examples specific

to their industry or teaching here What an excellent idea. I think I have

just a few examples here…


Analysis

What Should Be Anticipated for a Katrina-Magnitude Disaster?

Size of New Homes in Redondo Beach

Neighborhood boundary

Floor Area, "The Avenues"

N

Floor area (sq. ft.)0 - 9991000 - 19992000 - 29993000 - 39994000 - 5999

S P

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AS

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YEAR BUILT TOTAL FLOOR AREA (AVG.)

BEFORE 1988

1,458 sq. ft.

1988-2001 3,917 sq. ft.

Responding to Citizen Requests in Torrance—Using GIS to Focus Field InvestigationsCity of Torrance

School Facility Needs Analysis

N

0.455

0.4300.357

0.277 0.357

0.4610.377

0.3320.067

0.096 0.286

0.3370.100

ROBINSON ST

ARTESIA BLVD

HARRIMAN LN

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182ND ST

190TH ST

Students Per Unit 20000 - 0.10.1 - 0.20.2 - 0.30.3 - 0.40.4 - 0.5

School Sites

Public SchoolSurplus School Site

Source: 2000 Census

City of Redondo BeachPopulation 5-18 per Dwelling Unit

N

656

957

717

766798

970 935

898161

217 874

659193

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School Population 20000 - 200201 - 400401 - 600601 - 800801 - 1000

School Sites

Public SchoolSurplus School Site

Source: 2000 Census

City of Redondo BeachPopulation 5-18

Zoning and Property Information

Adult Business Ordinance

Determine allowed parcels

Identify impacted neighbors

Ensure defensibility of ordinance

Fire Station Siting

N

EMERALD ST

KNOB HILL AV

S P

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IFI C

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ANITA ST

N P

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City of Redondo Beach, South of 190th/Anita St.Sensitive Land Uses (2002)

Use

Public SchoolPrivate SchoolSenior HousingHotelPower PlantMajor Medical Facility

N

240

310

236 396

195 155

1176

421293

203 169

MARINE AV

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Source: City of Redondo Beach Fire Department

City of Redondo Beach Fire DepartmentIncident Calls (January 2000 - June 2002)

Incident Calls100 - 399400 - 699700 - 1199

Operations & Special Event Planning

Hometown Fair & 10K

Arts Festival

Grand Prix

Robinson Fun Run

Grandview Gator 5K

Earth Day

Fireworks Festival

City of LomitaResponse to Los Angeles Co.Office of Emergency Mgmt.

Information Request

Water Systems

Tabular Data

Compared to a picture

Traffic Accident Analysis

Transportation

• Route planning

• Route locater• Identification of

funding

Economic Development Sales tax provides 40% of the city’s

revenue Licenses and permits make up another 11% Other revenue sources are eroding Good jobs make for a stable community Retaining existing businesses saves jobs New businesses and development can

replace blight Economic development is proactive

How can GIS help?

TM

Better visualization and analysis of current and future conditions

Aggregate a variety of geographic features and demographics

Notify residents and businesses of activities and opportunities

Avoid shotgun approach Better redevelopment planning Make development easier Reduce duplication of data Provide site selections Create marketing opportunities Speed your decision making Get a competitive edge

Tabular Data

Maps

Use maps to enhance text based marketing

Use vicinity maps to contrast with other communities

Demonstrate the uniquestrengths of yourcommunity

Show target areas

More Maps

Redevelopment project areasSpecial design areasDemographicsAnticipated or desired developmentLocal attractions (i.e., universities, airports)Current projectsTraffic volumes

Yet More Maps

Location

Location

Location

Analysis

Know thyself! Identify under-served markets Find potential development sites Identify areas in need of

redevelopment Overlay projects with other activities

to avoid conflicts Make better informed decisions Cluster projects Identify labor pool

Some industries prefer to locate in closeproximity to similar industries or need to be close to suppliers

Industry Clusters

Business Analyst Online Demo

Flexible bureaucrats???

Inside Versus Outside Needs

Staff needs are different from public needsPrivate goals and public goals sometimesdifferStaff can interpret needsand be flexible

Economic Development on the Internet

Listings of parcelsContact informationParcel searchBuilding permitsDemographicsDescribe your community

Elections

• Polling place

location

• Identification of

potential voter fraud

• Analysis of election

results

Redistricting

Related technologies

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Aerial photography

Data Gathering with GPS

Internet!!! Use available data sources Census SCAG California Trade & Commerce Agency US Department of Labor Cal State Dominguez Hills Libraries Real estate brokers Internal sources

Business licenseCrime data

Data Sources

arcgis.com

What can’t GIS do? Make decisions -- it is a tool Solve problems alone Replace legal documents (parcels) Generate money by selling data Can’t make a silk purse from a sow’s ear

(GIGO) Make your data more accurate Update itself Work by itself -- needs data and trained

staff

SOFTWARE OVERVIEWLecture 1

ArcMap (Desktop GIS)

Table ofcontents

Toolstoolbar

Identifyresultswindow

Map documentwindow

Standard toolbar

Main menu


Map documents (.mxd) extension “Points” to layers Saves layer colors, symbology, etc.


Tutorial 1-1.mxd Two layers

USCities (red points, restricted to major cities) USStates (yellow polygons)


Adding map layers

Separate files added to a map document


GeodatabasesThe geodatabase is a "container" used to hold a collection of datasets (GIS features, tables, raster images, etc).

Country layer

Graticule layer

World.gdb


ArcCatalogArranges and manages geographic information in workspace folders and geodatabases.


ArcToolboxAdvanced toolswith form-basedinput by users


GIS TUTORIAL 1OVERVIEW

Lecture 1

Part I Using and making maps

Chapter 1: Introduction Learn the basics of working with existing GIS data and

maps

Chapter 2: Map design Learn how to create choropleth and point maps

Chapter 3: GIS outputs Learn how to build and export maps using GIS data


Part II Working with spatial data

Chapter 4: File geodatabases Learn how to create geodatabases and import data into them

Chapter 5: Spatial data Explores the basic data types used within GIS and then shows how to

use the Internet to gather GIS data

Chapter 6: Digitizing Learn how to digitize vector data and transform data to match real-

world coordinates

Chapter 7: Geocoding Learn how to map address data as points through the geocoding

process

Chapter 8: Geoprocessing Perform spatial analysis using geoprocessing tools


Part III Learning advanced GIS applications

Chapter 9: Spatial analysis Perform spatial analysis using geoprocessing tools and

analysis workflow models

Chapter 10: ArcGIS 3D analyst Introduces ArcGIS 3D Analyst, allowing users to create 3D

scenes, conduct fly-through animations, and conduct line-of-sight studies

Chapter 11: ArcGIS spatial analyst Introduces ArcGIS Spatial Analyst for creating and analyzing

raster maps, including hillshades, density maps, site suitability surfaces, and risk index surfaces


Chapter structure

Tutorials Multiple tutorials in every chapter Include step-by step exercises

Your turn Reinforce the skills learned in the step-by-step exercises

Advanced assignments Found at the end of each chapter. Provokes critical problem-solving skills


GIS tutorial data

Data

\ESRIPress\GIST1\Data\ Map layers, geodatabases,

data tables, etc.


GIS tutorial data

Maps \ESRIPress\GIST1\Maps\ Map documents Starting place for tutorials


GIS tutorial data

MyAssignments \ESRIPress\GIST1\MyAssignments\ Location to save end of

chapter assignments


GIS tutorial data

MyExercises \ESRIPress\GIST1\MyAssignments\

Location to save tutorial exercises Finished exercises are solutions to tutorial

exercises


Tutorial Tips

no spaces in file names!

check that files/folders are not Read-Only

some results you’ll need to save for use in

later labs

do ‘Your Turn’ boxes during class

do ‘Assignments’ outside of class

Just try

It’s so easy, even a manager can do it

Ask for help and be willing to help your

colleagues


Tutorial Tips

You’re going too fast/slow! Some tutorials will be in class to have

help available

Some tutorials will be on your own because class time is so limited

We will not do tutorials together or you would go crazy

GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook 87

READ!!!

Don’t just be a button clicker

Read the text, not just the instructions

Don’t skip steps

Don’t freak out if something goes

wrong

Learn from each other


Summary

GIS overview

GIS data and layers

GIS applications and examples

Software overview

GIS Tutorial 1 overview


gis tutorial 1

Documents

basic workbookgis tutorial

gisgis tutorial

basic workbookgis data

ilgis tutorial

basic workbookmaps

basic workbooktools

basic workbookwhat

gis layers