git sysml work update part 0: overview part 1: representing executable physics-based cae models in...

GIT SysML Work UpdatePart 0: Overview

Part 1: Representing Executable Physics-based CAE Models in SysML

[email protected] Presenter

[email protected]@gatech.edu

GIT Product & System Lifecycle Management (PSLM) Centerwww.pslm.gatech.edu

Presentation toOMG Systems Engineering

Domain-Specific Interest Group (SE DSIG)

December 6, 2005Burlingame, California

Copyright © 1992-2005 by Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0415 USA. All Rights Reserved.Permission to reproduce and distribute without changes for non-commercial purposes (including internal corporate usage) is hereby granted provided this notice and a proper citation are included.

v. 2005-12-28

2Copyright © 2005

Acknowledgements

Sponsors: NASA, NIST http://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/

GIT Team: Manas Bajaj, Injoong Kim, Raphael Kobi, Chris

Paredis, Russell Peak, Diego Tamburini, Miyako Wilson

Other Collaborators: Roger Burkhart (Deere), Alan Moore et al.

(Artisan), Sandy Friedenthal (LMCO)

3Copyright © 2005

ResourcesGIT SysML resources

Main web http://www.pslm.gatech.edu/topics/sysml/

Presentations http://www.marc.gatech.edu/events/pde2005/presentations/

See Presentations 1.1 and 1.2 (includes webcast video archive) http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/seminars-etc/2005-09-omg-se-dsig-peak/ http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/seminars-etc/2005-12-omg-se-dsig-peak/

See also videos showing SysML-driven CAE execution (via COB interfaces) http://eislab.gatech.edu/tmp/sysml/2005-12-06-burlingame/

Related GIT techniques Composable objects

http://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/nasa-ngcobs/ Multi-representation architecture (MRA)

for simulation templates and CAD-CAE interoperability http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/

4Copyright © 2005

Part 0: OverviewPresentation purpose = overview recent progress: Validation: executability of SysML parametrics

Usage for SysML-driven CAE execution (math and FEA solvers) Usage for knowledge capture & usage:

relations and intent in design & analysis Development: further examples

Part 1: Representing Executable Physics-based CAE Models in SysML (Peak, Tamburini, et al.)

See below

Part 2: SysML-based Reference Models for Fluid Power Components (Paredis, et al.)

See GIT_SysML_Part_2_Fluid_Pwr_Ref_Models.ppt

5Copyright © 2005

SysML-based Examples by GIT

Test CasesIntroductory tutorials (A)

Triangle Spring systems

Simulation template tutorials (A, B)

Simulation building blocks Mechanical CAD & CAE: flap link

Space systems: FireSat satelliteFluid power & system dynamics (C) -- see Part 2Electrical/mechanical CAD & CAEModel train (for Mechatronics pilot)Racing bike

Tool InterfacesA. Math solvers:

1. Mathematica

B. Finite element analysis (FEA) solvers:

1. Ansys

C. Dynamics solvers:1. Modelica/Dymola

= Primary Updates since 9/2005 OMG Meeting

Note: The SysML notation used in these slides roughly corresponds to SysML draft v0.9 plus more recent updates (approximately R. Burkhart blocks inputs as contained in SysML spec v0.98 by SST) and experimental variations. We intend to update these examples with the final official notation when v1.0 that becomes available.

6Copyright © 2005

Status of Our SysML Examples - p.1/22005-12-06

1. About the SysML notation used in these slides1. It roughly corresponds to a ~9/2005 form of the blocks-based

parametrics & structure approach developed by R. Burkhart et al.1. This approach was updated & provided to both SysML teams 11/20052. The SST SysML v0.98 draft spec adopted this approach, whereas

the SP SysML v1.0a draft spec adopted a collaborations-based approach

2. We recently received a SysML tool that corresponds to the v.0.98 spec. We hope to update these examples and solver interfaces accordingly in the near future.

2. SST SysML v0.98 vs. our current examples: 1. Block properties should be shown as small boxes flush with block boundaries vs. our current

overlapping style 2. Bindings between regular blocks and constraint blocks should show their role names (as binding

identifiers) vs. our current elision3. Instances should be underlined vs. our current underlining omission

(see also note below about instance causality)

3. Other notes1. We hope to include the following notation in future versions (they are not required by the current

specs, but we believe they will enhance parametric diagram usefulness): 1. Include symbols and subscripts for properties per traditional engineering notation

1. E.g., spring constant in spring 1: k1

2. Include relation expressions in constraint blocks in terms of their bound properties(continued next page)

7Copyright © 2005

Status of Our SysML Examples - p.2/23. Other notes (continued)

1. In these examples we tested the following notation or practices on an experimental basis to see if they might be useful: 1. We distinguished parametric diagrams used for defining a block (par-d) vs. those used to capture instances

(par-i) of that block. Similar suffixes may be useful for definitional vs. instance use of all SysML diagrams.

2. We have a library of constraint blocks representing specific commonly used expressions (e.g., a=b+c, a**2=b**2+c**2, etc.) that can be utilized in composing other blocks. To represent specialized relations, we tried defining a generic “algebraic” constraint block in this library, which can be redefined wherever it is used. In future versions we will likely replace this generic “algebraic” relation with relations defined in the context of the blocks that use them.

3. We implemented equality relations as usages of an explicit “a=b” constraint block. We will likely replace such cases with binding relations in the future.

4. We used a black dot graphical symbol to denote true junctions where equality relations intersect (e.g., as a shorthand for a set of relations like a=b, a=c, a=d, and a=e). This approach is similar to that used with electrical schematics and a Manhattan routing style. It enables cleaner and more compact diagram layout.

5. We depict instance-level causality in the Triangular Prism example using a double-lined box to indicate the primary desired result (and red italics to indicate other ancillary results).

2. We did the following to enable our constraint manager, XaiTools, to process SysML parametrics (which provides subsequent solver execution using COTS math and FEA tools):3. Added stereotypes to denote composable object (COBs) constructs: «git-schema», «git-use-from», etc.

4. Added stereotypes to denote the patterns defined in our multi-representation architecture (MRA) approach for CAD-CAE interoperability: «apm», «cbam», «abb», «smm»

5. Handled reference properties (e.g., flap link material) via ad-hoc associations (this is due to a limitation in XaiTools we hope to resolve in the near future).

8Copyright © 2005

Contents - Part 1 PurposeCAD-CAE simulation template backgroundMCAD-MCAE benchmark example: flap link Modularity & reusability Executable SysML parametrics (math, FEA)

SummaryRecommended prerequisites Triangle tutorial Spring systems tutorial Multi-representation architecture (MRA)

for simulation templates and CAD-CAE interoperability

9Copyright © 2005

GIT SysML Involvement - Overall Purpose

Collaborate within SE DSIG: composable object (COB) concepts SysML

(esp. SysML parametrics)

Leverage COB-based simulation template work to demonstrate and verify SysML capabilities CAD-CAE interoperability Systems-of-systems (SoS) knowledge representations ...

For further background and GIT SysML work-to-date:- See SE DSIG minutes/archives - Atlanta - 9/2005 - http://syseng.omg.org/- http://www.pslm.gatech.edu/topics/sysml/

10Copyright © 2005

Contents - Part 1 PurposeCAD-CAE simulation template background Leveraging test cases from existing work See http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/

MCAD-MCAE benchmark example: flap linkSummary

Recommended prerequisites (backup slides) Triangle tutorial Spring systems tutorial Multi-representation architecture (MRA)


11Copyright © 2005








1. Mathematica


1. Ansys


See slide entitled “Status of Our SysML Examples” regarding spec version used in these examples, and so on.

12Engineering Information Systems Lab eislab.gatech.edu© 1993-2005 GTRC

Triangle

dh

Ab

Triangle

dh

Ab

COB Structure: Graphical Forms

Tutorial: Right Triangle

Basic Constraint Schematic-S Notation

c. Constraint Schematic-Sa. Shape Schematic-S

2222

1

:

21:

hbdr

bhAr

b. Relations-S

d. Subsystem-S(for reuse by other COBs)

h

b

Ad

base, br1

r2

bhA 21

height, h

222 hbd

area, A

diagonal, d

Aside: This is a “usage view” in AP210 terminology (vs. the above “design views”)

s

a b

dc

a

b

d

c

e

r 1

[ 1 . 2 ]

[ 1 . 1 ]

f gcbe

r 2

h

wL [ j : 1 , n ]

w j

s

a b

dc

a

b

d

c

e

r 1

[ 1 . 2 ]

[ 1 . 1 ]

f gcbe

r 2

h

wL [ j : 1 , n ]

w j

v a r i a b l e a s u b v a r i a b l e a . ds u b s y s t e m so f c o b t y p e h

e q u a l i t y r e l a t i o ne = f

r e l a t i o n r 1 ( a , b , s . c )

s u b v a r i a b l e s . b

o p t i o n 1 . 1 :f = s . d

o p t i o n 1 . 2 :f = g

o p t i o n c a t e g o r y 1

a g g r e g a t e c . we l e m e n t w j



r e l a t i o n r 1 ( a , b , s . c )


o p t i o n 1 . 1 :f = s . d

o p t i o n 1 . 2 :f = g



COB = composable object

Classical C

OB

Notation [Peak, 1993; T

amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

COB Structure (cont.): Lexical Form Tutorial: Right Triangle

for reference: c. Constraint Schematic-S

e. Lexical COB Structure (COS)

COB triangle SUBTYPE_OF geometric_shape; base, b : REAL; height, h : REAL; diagonal, d : REAL; area, A : REAL;RELATIONS r1 : "<area> == 0.5 * <base> * <height>"; r2 : "<diagonal>**2 == <base>**2 + <height>**2";END_COB;

base, br1

r2

bhA 21

height, h

222 hbd

area, A

diagonal, d

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Right Triangle Implemented using SysML Blocks and Parametrics

SysML Parametric Diagram

Note: The outmost block should be depicted as a frame (of type par), as in conformant flap_link examples elsewhere in this presentation.

TriangularPrism

Vh

b

l

COBs as Building Blocks Tutorial: Triangular Prism COB Structure

c. Constraint Schematic-Sa. Shape Schematic-S

b. Relations-S

d. Subsystem-S(for reuse by other COBs)

T ria n g le

dh

Ab

T ria n g le

dh

Ab

le n g th , l vo lu m e , Vr1

AlV

c ro s s -s e c tio n

AlVr :1

e. Lexical COB Structure (COS)

COB triangular_prism SUBTYPE_OF geometric_shape; length, l : REAL; cross-section : triangle; volume, V : REAL;RELATIONS r1 : "<volume> == <cross-section.area> * <length>";END_COB;

h

b

V l

A

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Triangular Prism Implemented using SysML Blocks and Parametrics




3 in22 in

3 in

base, br1

r2

bhA 21

height, h

222 hbd

area, A

diagonal, d3.60 in

Example COB InstanceTutorial: Right Triangle

Constraint Schematic-I Lexical COB Instance (COI)

state 1.0 (unsolved):INSTANCE_OF triangle; base : 2.0; height : 3.0; area : ?; diagonal : ?;END_INSTANCE;

state 1.1 (solved):INSTANCE_OF triangle; base : 2.0; height : 3.0; area : 3.0; diagonal : 3.60;END_INSTANCE;Basic Constraint Schematic-I Notation

example 1, state 1.1


. . .state 2.1 (solved):INSTANCE_OF triangle; base : 2.0; height : 9.0; area : 9.0; diagonal : 9.22;END_INSTANCE;

9 in22 in

9 in

base, br1

r2

bhA 21

height, h

222 hbd

area, A

diagonal, d9.22 in

200 lbs

30e6 psiResult b = 30e6 psi (output or intermediate variable)

Result c = 200 lbs (output of primary interest)

X

Relation r1 is suspended

X r1

100 lbs Input a = 100 lbs

Equality relation is suspended

a

b

c

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Multi-Directional I/OTutorial: Right Triangle


state 2.1 (solved):INSTANCE_OF triangle; base : 2.0; height : 9.0; area : 9.0; diagonal : 9.22;END_INSTANCE;

state 3.0 (unsolved):INSTANCE_OF triangle; base : 2.0; height : ?; area : 6.0; diagonal : ?;END_INSTANCE;

state 3.1 (solved):INSTANCE_OF triangle; base : 2.0; height : 6.0; area : 6.0; diagonal : 6.32;END_INSTANCE;

6 in22 in

6 in

base, br1

r2

bhA 21

height, h

222 hbd

area, A

diagonal, d6.32 in


9 in22 in

9 in

base, br1

r2

bhA 21

height, h

222 hbd

area, A

diagonal, d9.22 in


Concepts illustrated:- Non-causal COB structure (no predefined I/O direction)- Causality of COB instances and states

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Example COB InstanceTutorial: Triangular Prism - State 1.1 (Solved) in XaiTools


Example COB InstanceTutorial: Triangular Prism


state 1.0 (unsolved):INSTANCE_OF triangular_prism; cross-section.base : 2.0; cross-section.height : 3.0; length : 5.0; volume : ?;END_INSTANCE;

state 1.1 (solved):INSTANCE_OF triangular_prism; cross-section.base : 2.0; cross-section.height : 3.0; cross-section.area : 3.0; length : 5.0; volume : 15.0;END_INSTANCE;

example 1, state 1.1 (solved)

Triangle

dh

Ab

Triangle

dh

Ab

length, l volume, Vr1

AlV

cross-section

3 in2

2 in

3 in

15 in35 in

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

= 15

= 3

state 1.0 (unsolved) state 1.1 (solved)SysML Parametric Diagram-I

Note: The current prototype exports instances with input values for solving. The model is then executed successfully in external solvers. However, the prototype interface for importing resulting solutions is not ready yet; thus, the solved state depicted here inside the SysML tool is an envisioned notation.


Composable Objects (COBs)

COB Services (constraint graph manager, including COTS solver access)

XaiTools

Ansys(FEA Solver)

Native Tools Models

Traditional COTS or in-house

solvers

SysML-based COB Authoring

COB export

COB Solving & Browsing

COB API

SysML-COB Architecture - Prototype v0.1as of 2005-12-06

...

ExchangeFile

XaiToolsArtisan Studio

Mathematica(Math Solver)


Engineering Web Services

Client PCs

XaiTools

Rich Client

Internet

Apache Tomcat

Mathematica

Ansys, Patran, Abaqus, ...

Internet/Intranet

XaiTools AnsysSolver Server

XaiTools AnsysSolver Server

XaiTools Math.Solver Server

Servlet container

XaiTools Solver Server

FEA Solvers

Math Solvers

Soap Servers

SO

AP

...

Engineering Service BureauHost Machines

Web S

erverHTTP/XML

Wrapped Data

Status: In prototype & production usage since 1999 (CORBA), 2002 (SOAP), including remote access from AZ, DC, WV, UK, Japan, …



COB Services (constraint graph manager, including COTS solver access)

XaiTools

Ansys(FEA Solver)

Native Tools Models

Traditional COTS or in-house

solvers

Mathematica(Math Solver)

SysML-based COB Authoring

COB in/out

COB Solving & Browsing

COB API

SysML-COB Architecture - Prototype v0.2Anticipated 2006-1Q

...

ExchangeFile

XaiToolsArtisan Studio



COB Services (graph mgt, conf. control, meta-solving, persistence, tool access, UI,…)

COB Management System(CMS)

Tool Tool

Tool

Native Tools Models

Traditional COTS and in-house

end-user tools(authoring, viewing,

solving,..)

Tool

Standards-based tool wrappers

COB-Enabled End-User Applications

COB SDKUI Components

SysMLUI Control

COB API

COTS SysML Tools

COB API

COBTree

Other COB Apps.Domain-specificSimulation tools

COB API

CMS Management Client Tools

COB Authoring

COB API

COB ConfigurationManagement

COB API

COB Browsing

COB API

Envisioned SysML-COB Architecturehttp://eislab.gatech.edu/projects/nasa-ngcobs/ - 2005-10

25Copyright © 2005

Contents - Part 1 PurposeCAD-CAE simulation template background Leveraging test cases from existing & new work See http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/


Recommended prerequisites (see backup slides) Triangle tutorial Spring systems tutorial Multi-representation architecture (MRA)



1 Solution Method Model

ABB SMM

2 Analysis Building Block

4 Context-Based Analysis Model3

SMMABB

APM ABB

CBAM

APM

Design Tools Solution Tools

Printed Wiring Assembly (PWA)

Solder Joint

Component

PWB

Solder Joint

Component

PWB

body3

body2

body1

body4

T0

body3

body2

body1

body4

T0

Printed Wiring Board (PWB)

SolderJoint Component



AnalyzableProduct Model

i

X-Analysis Integration Techniquesfor CAD-CAE Interoperability

http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/

a. Multi-Representation Architecture (MRA) b. Explicit Design-Analysis Associativity

c. Analysis Module Creation Methodology

ProductModel Selected Module

Analysis Module Catalogs

MCAD

ECAD

Analysis Procedures

CommercialAnalysis Tools

Ansys

Abaqus

Solder Joint Deformation Model

Idealization/Defeaturization

CommercialDesign Tools

PWB

Solder Joint

Component

APM CBAM ABB SMM

Ubiquitous Analysis(Module Usage)

Ubiquitization(Module Creation)

CAE

Physical Behavior Research,Know-How, Design Handbooks, ...

I n f o r m a l A s s o c i a t i v i t y D i a g r a m

C o n s t r a i n e d O b j e c t - b a s e d A n a l y s i s M o d u l eC o n s t r a i n t S c h e m a t i c V i e w

P l a n e S t r a i n B o d i e s S y s t e m

P W A C o m p o n e n t O c c u r r e n c e

CL

1

m a t e r i a l ,E( , )g e o m e t r y

b o d y

p l a n e s t r a i n b o d y , i = 1 . . . 4P W B

S o l d e rJ o i n t

E p o x y

C o m p o n e n tb a s e : A l u m i n a

c o r e : F R 4

S o l d e r J o i n t P l a n e S t r a i n M o d e l

t o t a l h e i g h t , h

l i n e a r - e l a s t i c m o d e l

A P M A B B

3 A P M 4 C B A M

2 A B Bc

4b o d y 3b o d y

2b o d y

1h oT

p r i m a r y s t r u c t u r a l m a t e r i a l

ii

i

1 S M M

D e s i g n M o d e l A n a l y s i s M o d e l

A B B S M M

s o l d e rs o l d e r j o i n t

p w b

c o m p o n e n t

1 . 2 5

d e f o r m a t i o n m o d e l

t o t a l h e i g h t

d e t a i l e d s h a p e

r e c t a n g l e

[ 1 . 2 ]

[ 1 . 1 ]

a v e r a g e

[ 2 . 2 ]

[ 2 . 1 ]

cT c

T s

i n t e r - s o l d e r j o i n t d i s t a n c ea p p r o x i m a t e m a x i m u m

s j

L s

p r i m a r y s t r u c t u r a l m a t e r i a l

t o t a l t h i c k n e s s


P l a n e S t r a i n

g e o m e t r y m o d e l 3

a

s t r e s s - s t r a i nm o d e l 1



B o d i e s S y s t e m

x y , e x t r e m e , 3

T 2

L 1

T 1

T 0

L 2

h 1

h 2

T 3

T s j

h s

h c

L c

x y , e x t r e m e , s jb i l i n e a r - e l a s t o p l a s t i c m o d e l


p r i m a r y s t r u c t u r a l m a t e r i a l l i n e a r - e l a s t i c m o d e l

c o m p o n e n to c c u r r e n c e

s o l d e r j o i n ts h e a r s t r a i nr a n g e

[ 1 . 2 ]

[ 1 . 1 ]l e n g t h 2 +

3 A P M 2 A B B 4 C B A M

F i n e - G r a i n e d A s s o c i a t i v i t y

Composable


27

Analysis Tools

0.4375 in

0.5240 in

0.0000 in

2.440 in

1.267 in

0.307 in

0.5 in

0.310 in

2.088 in

1.770 in

67000 psi

65000 psi

57000 psi

52000 psi

39000 psi

0.067 in/in

0.030 in/in

5960 Ibs

1

10000000 psi

9.17

5.11

9.77

rear spar fitting attach point

BLE7K18

2G7T12U (Detent 0, Fairing Condition 1)

L29 -300

Outboard TE Flap, Support No 2;Inboard Beam, 123L4567

Bulkhead Fitting Joint

Program

Part

Feature

Channel FittingStatic Strength Analysis

Template

1 of 1Dataset

strength model

r1

e

b

h

tb

te

Pu

Ftu

E

r2

r0

a

FtuLT

Fty

FtyLT

epuLT

tw

MSwall

epu

jm

MSepb

MSeps


Fsu

IAS FunctionRef D6-81766

end pad

base

material

wall

analysis context

mode: (ultimate static strength)

condition:

heuristic: overall fitting factor, Jm

bolt

fitting

headradius, r1

hole radius, ro

width, b

eccentricity, e

thickness, teheight, h

radius, r2

thickness, tb

hole

thickness, twangled height, a

max allowable ultimate stress,

allowable ultimate long transverse stress,

max allowable yield stress,

max allowable long transverse stress,

max allowable shear stress,

plastic ultimate strain,

plastic ultimate strain long transverse,

young modulus of elasticity,

load, Pu

Ftu

Fty

FtyLT

Fsu

epu

epuLT

E

FtuLT

product structure (channel fitting joint)

Flexible High Diversity Design-Analysis Integration Phases 1-3 Airframe Examples:

“Bike Frame” / Flap Support Inboard Beam

Analysis Modules (CBAMs) of Diverse Feature:Mode, & Fidelity

Design Tools

Materials DBFEA

Elfini*MATDB-like

Analyzable Product Model

XaiTools

XaiTools

Fitting:Bending/Shear

3D

1.5D

Modular, ReusableTemplate Libraries

MCAD ToolsCATIA v4, v5

Lug:Axial/Oblique; Ultimate/Shear

1.5D

Assembly:Ultimate/

FailSafe/Fatigue*

* = Item not yet available in toolkit (all others have working examples)

diagonal brace lug jointj = top

0.7500 in

0.35 in

0.7500 in

1.6000 in

2

0.7433

14.686 K

2.40

4.317 K

8.633 K

k = norm

Max. torque brake settingdetent 30, 2=3.5º

7050-T7452, MS 7-214

67 Ksi

L29 -300


Diagonal Brace Lug Joint

Program

Part

Feature

Lug JointAxial Ultimate Strength Model

Template

j = top lugk = normal diameter (1 of 4)

Dataset

material

deformation model

max allowable ultimate stress, FtuL

effective width, W

analysis context

objective

mode (ultimate static strength)

condition

estimated axial ultimate strength

Margin of Safety(> case)

allowable

actual

MS

normal diameter, Dnorm

thickness, t

edge margin, e

Plug joint

size,n

lugs

lugj hole

diameters

product structure (lug joint)

r1

n

P jointlug

L [ j:1,n ]

Plug

L [ k]Dk

oversize diameter, Dover

D

PaxuW

e

t

Ftuax

Kaxu

Lug Axial UltimateStrength Model

BDM 6630

Fasteners DB

FASTDB-like

General Math Mathematica

In-HouseCodes

Image API(CATGEO);

VBScript

28

Fitting Analysis Template Applied to “Bike Frame” Bulkhead COB-based CBAM constraint schematic - instance view

0.4375 in

0.5240 in

0.0000 in

2.440 in

1.267 in

0.307 in

0.5 in

0.310 in

2.088 in

1.770 in

67000 psi

65000 psi

57000 psi

52000 psi

39000 psi

0.067 in/in

0.030 in/in

5960 Ibs

1

10000000 psi

9.17

5.11

9.77

bulkhead fitting attach point

LE7K18

2G7T12U (Detent 0, Fairing Condition 1)

L29 -300


Bulkhead Fitting Joint

Program

Part

Feature


Template

1 of 1Dataset

strength model

r1

e

b

h

tb

te

Pu

Ftu

E

r2

r0

a

FtuLT

Fty

FtyLT

epuLT

tw

MSwall

epu

jm

MSepb

MSeps


Fsu

IAS FunctionRef DM 6-81766

end pad

base

material

wall

analysis context

mode: (ultimate static strength)

condition:

heuristic: overall fitting factor, Jm

bolt

fitting

headradius, r1

hole radius, ro

width, b

eccentricity, e

thickness, teheight, h

radius, r2

thickness, tb

hole

thickness, twangled height, a

max allowable ultimate stress,

allowable ultimate long transverse stress,

max allowable yield stress,

max allowable long transverse stress,

max allowable shear stress,

plastic ultimate strain,

plastic ultimate strain long transverse,

young modulus of elasticity,

load, Pu

Ftu

Fty

FtyLT

Fsu

epu

epuLT

E

FtuLT

product structure (channel fitting joint)

e

se

tr

Pf

02

21

e

be

ht

PCf

),,( 13 hbrfK

18 associativity relations


Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

29

diagonal brace lug jointj = top

0.7500 in

0.35 in

0.7500 in

1.6000 in

2

0.7433

14.686 K

2.40

4.317 K

8.633 K

k = norm

Max. torque brake settingdetent 30, 2=3.5º

7050-T7452, MS 7-214

67 Ksi

L29 -300


Diagonal Brace Lug Joint

Program

Part

Feature

Lug JointAxial Ultimate Strength Model

Template

j = top lugk = normal diameter (1 of 4)

Dataset

material

deformation model

max allowable ultimate stress, FtuL

effective width, W

analysis context

objective

mode (ultimate static strength)

condition

estimated axial ultimate strength


allowable

actual

MS

normal diameter, Dnorm

thickness, t

edge margin, e

Plug joint

size,n

lugs

lugj hole

diameters

product structure (lug joint)

r1

n

P jointlug

L [ j:1,n ]

Plug

L [ k]Dk

oversize diameter, DoverD

PaxuW

e

t

Ftuax

Kaxu

Lug Axial UltimateStrength Model

DM 6630

Lug Template Applied to an Airframe Analysis ProblemCOB-based CBAM constraint schematic - instance view

Solution Tool Interaction

Boundary Condition Objects(links to other analyses)

CAD-CAE Associativity (idealization usage)

Material Models

Model-based Documentation

Geometry

P KW

DDtFaxu axu tuax ( )1

Requirements

Legend: Annotations highlight model knowledge capture capabilities. Other notation is COB constraint schematics notation.

R

c

b

= f( c , b , R )W = f( R , D , )

axial direction

e

D

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

30

Generalized MRA Patterns for Systems-of-Systems (SoS) M&STraditional Patterns

(for CAD-CAE) Traditional CAD-CAE Purpose

regarding Design-Analysis Integration (DAI) Generalized Patterns

(for complex systems-of-systems) design tools (CAD)

- Define systems (parts, assemblies, …) in necessary & sufficient descriptive terms (not behavioral) - Usually are COTS tools

system description tools

analyzable product models (APMs)

- Represent design aspects of products and enable connections with design tools - Support idealizations usable in numerous analysis models - Have possibly many associated CBAMs that verify requirements

augmented descriptive model

(federated descriptive model + idealizations and other relations)

context-based analysis models (CBAMs)

- Contain linkages explicitly representing design-analysis associativity, indicating usage of APM idealizations - Create analysis models from ABBs and automatically connect them to APM attributes - Represent common analysis models as automated, predefined templates - Support interaction of analysis models of varying complexity and solution method - Enable parametric design studies via multi-directional input/output (in some cases)

context-based simulation model

(system-specific simulation model)

analysis building blocks (ABBs) (generic analytical concepts)

- Represent analytical concepts as composable objects - Act as semantically rich 'pre-preprocessor' & 'post-postprocessor' models. - ABB instances create SMM instances based on solution method considerations and receive results after automated solution tool execution

simulation building block

(generic analytical concepts)

solution method models (SMMs)

- Packages solution tool inputs, outputs, and control as integrated objects (often as a componentized wrapping of solution tool native files) - Automates solution tool access and results retrieval via tool agents and wrappers

simulation method model

solution tools (CAE)

- Execute simulation models (often as vendor-specific native files) - Usually are COTS tools

simulation tool (solver)

version: 2005-12-06

31

Diversity Demonstrated in Test Cases[based on Peak and Wilson et al. 2001]

Test Case Analysis Templates

Target Characteristics

Flap Link CBAMs

PWA/B CBAMs

Aerospace CBAMs

Electrical Chip Package CBAMs

Diversity Dimensions

Product Domain airframe printed circuit board (PWA/B) airframe chip package

CAD Tools CATIA (MCAD) Mentor Graphics (ECAD)

XaiTools PWA/B CATIA (MCAD) XaiTools

Chip Package (XCP)

Discipline structural thermo-mechanical structural thermal

Behavior deformation (extension)

deformation (torsion)

deformation (warpage)

lug & fitting ultimate shear, bending shear

temperature

Fidelity extensional rod (1D, linear)

plane stress body (2D, linear)

torsional rod (1D, linear)

thermal bending (1D, linear)

plane strain body (2D, linear)

1.5D thermal body (3D, linear)

Solution Method (and Tools)

formula-based (Mathematica)

FEA (Ansys, Patran, Abaqus), formula-based (Mathematica)



FEA (Ansys, Cadas), formula-based (Mathematica)


FEA (Ansys), formula-based (Mathematica);

custom cob-based mesh algorithm

Directionality multi oneway (partially multi)

multi multi oneway (partially multi)

oneway (partially multi)

oneway (partially multi)

COB Usage Characteristics

Product Design Info Usage

detailed design (COI via CATIA interface)

detailed design (STEP AP210 -Part 21

via Mentor Graphics interface)

detailed design (COI via

CATIA interface)

preliminary design (COI via

XCP design tool)

Automation fully automated fully automated fully automated fully automated

[after Wilson, 2000] Patran and Abaqus links are work-in-progress.

32

Test Case Statistics: Overall

Test Cases COB Libraries Used # of Entities, Attributes, Relations

To

tal

Ag

gre

ga

te

To

tal

On

ew

ay

Ag

gre

ga

te O

pe

ratio

n

Ag

gre

ga

te In

sta

nce

4 11 3

108 68 30

lib\geometry.cos 12 34 22

3 9 1lib\apm.coslib\materials.coslib\abbs.cosapm.cos

lib\abbs.cosapm.cos

abbs.cos lib\apm.cos 24 39 12 3lib\geometry.coslib\apm.cosairplane\lib\abbs.cos

fastener.cos 3 7materials.cos 1 38

lib\geometry.coslib\apm.cosairplane\lib\materials.cosairplane\lib\fastener.cosairplane\lib\cbams.cosairplane\bikeframe\apm.cos

lib pwb_board.cos 13 21 2 5lib\geometry.coscp\lib\pwb_board.coslib\abbs.coscp\bga\apm.coslib\geometry.coscp\lib\pwb_board.coslib\abbs.coscp\qft\apm.cos

344 753 25 376 8 12 59151 12 4 19

76 1

15

218

1 19412

25

53 177 6 103 3 22

2 20

4 23 20

2 7 16

1 11

ele

ctr

ica

l ch

ip p

acka

ge

(cp

)

Totals

p

rod

uct sp

ecific

a

irp

lan

e

apm.cos

cbams.cos

apm.cos

apm.cos

cbams.cos

cbams.cos

bga (ball grid array)

qfp(quad flat pack)

apm.cos

bikeframe cbams.cos

cbams.cos

fla

plin

k

cbams.cos

apm.cos

lib

77

5 25 36

19152 8 9

53

Relations

5 21 23

10

2

COB Libraries Used En

titie

s

Attributes

pw

a/b

Structure (COS)

geometry.cos

abbs.cos

apm.cos

materials.cosge

ne

ral(

lib

)

33

Test Case Statistics: Flap Link and Associated Building Blocks

• Supports reusability• Supports complexity

Tot

al

Agg

rega

te

Tot

al

One

way

Agg

rega

te O

pera

tion

Agg

rega

te I

nsta

nce

4 11 3

lib\geometry.cos 108 68 30

12 34 22

3 9 1

lib\apm.cos

lib\materials.cos

lib\abbs.cos

apm.cos….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. ….. …..

344 753 25 376 8 12 59

Attributes

prod

uct

spec

ific

Structure (COS) Ent

ities

COB Libraries Used

10

36 2

Relations

flaplink

11apm.cos 1

cbams.cos 5 25

gene

ral (

lib)

materials.cos

Totals

abbs.cos

apm.cos

geometry.cos

34

Example COB Reuse as Modular Simulation Building Blocks

Structure (COS) Where used1D Linear Elastic Model (ABB) Extensional Rod ABB

Torsional Rod ABBMargin of Safety ABB 1D Linkage Extensional Flaplink CBAM for stress

1D Torsional Extensional Flaplink CBAM for stress1D Torsional Extensional Flaplink CBAM for twist2D Plane Stress flaplink CBAM for stress2D linkage extensional flaplink CBAM for deformation1D PWB Thermal Bending for warpage2D PWBThermal Bending for warpage1.5D Lug CBAM for stress

Flaplink APM Linkage Extensional CBAMLinkage Plane Stress CBAMLinkage Torsional CBAM

BikeFrame APM Lug Axial/Oblique; Ultimate/Shear CBAMFitting Bending/Shear CBAM

PWA/B APM Thermal Bending CBAM6 Layer Plain Strain CBAMN Layer Plain Strain CBAM

EBGA ChipPackage APM EBGA Thermal Resistance CBAMPBGA ChipPackage APM PBGA Thermal Resistance CBAM

Thermal Stress CBAMQFP ChipPackage APM Thermal Resistance CBMA

35Copyright © 2005

Contents - Part 1 PurposeCAD-CAE simulation template background Leveraging test cases from existing work See http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/


Recommended prerequisites (backup slides) Triangle tutorial Spring systems tutorial Multi-representation architecture (MRA)


36Copyright © 2005








1. Mathematica


1. Ansys



37

Flap Link Mechanical PartA simple design ... a benchmark problem.

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

Leff

s

rib1 rib2

red = idealized parameter

Background

This simple part provides the basis for a benchmark tutorial for CAD-CAE interoperability and simulation template knowledge representation. This example exercises multiple capabilities relevant to such contexts (many of which are relevant to broader simulation and knowledge representation domains), including:

• Diversity in design information source, behavior, fidelity, solution method, solution tool, ...• Modular, reusable simulation building blocks and fine-grained inter-model associativity

See the following for further information (including papers overviewing this example): http://eislab.gatech.edu/research/dai/ (begin with [Wilson et al. 2001] under Suggested Starting Points)

38

Design-Analysis Interoperability (DAI) PanoramaFlap Link Benchmark Tutorial - Composable Object (COB)-based Constraint Schematic

Material Model ABB:

Continuum ABBs:

E

One D LinearElastic Model

T

G

e

t

material model

polar moment of inertia, J

radius, r

undeformed length, Lo

twist,

theta start, 1

theta end, 2

r1

12

r3

0L

r

J

rTr

torque, Tr

x

TT

G, r, , ,J

Lo

y

material model

temperature, T

reference temperature, To

force, F

area, A


total elongation,L

length, L

start, x1

end, x2

E


(no shear)

T

e

t

r1

12 xxL

r2

oLLL

r4

A

F

edb.r1

oTTT

r3

L

L

x

FF

E, A,

LLo

T, ,

yL

Torsional Rod

Extensional Rod

temperature change,T

cte,

youngs modulus, E

stress,

shear modulus, G

poissons ratio,

shear stress, shear strain,

thermal strain, t

elastic strain, e

strain,

r2

r1)1(2

EG

r3

r4Tt

Ee

r5

G

te

1D Linear Elastic Model

material

effective length, Leff

linear elastic model

Lo

Extensional Rod(isothermal)

F

L

A

L

E

x2

x1

youngs modulus, E

cross section area, A

al1

al3

al2

linkage

mode: shaft tension

condition reaction

allowable stress

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

Analysis Modules of Diverse Behavior & Fidelity

(CBAMs) MCAD Tools

Materials LibrariesIn-House, ...

FEA Ansys

Abaqus*

CATIA Elfini*

MSC Nastran*

MSC Patran*

...

General MathMathematica

Matlab*

MathCAD*

...

Analyzable Product Model(APM)

Extension

Torsion

1D

1D

Analysis Building Blocks(ABBs)

CATIA, I-DEAS* Pro/E* , UG *, ...

Analysis Tools(via SMMs)

Design Tools

2D

flap_link

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed

stress_strain_model linear_elastic

E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R3

R2

R1

R8

R9

R10

6R

R7

R12

11R

1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

name

linear_elastic_model

wf

tw

tf

inter_axis_length

sleeve_2

shaft

material

linkage

sleeve_1

w

t

r

E

cross_section:basic

w

t

rL

ws1

ts1

rs2

ws2

ts2

rs2

wf

tw

tf

E

deformation model

x,max

ParameterizedFEA Model

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

ux mos model


allowable

actual

MS

mode: tensionux,max

Fcondition reaction

allowable inter axis length change

allowable stress

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

Leff

s

rib1 rib2

material


deformation model


Lo

Torsional Rod

G

J

r

2

1

shear modulus, G

cross section:effective ring polar moment of inertia, J

al1

al3

al2a

linkage

mode: shaft torsion

condition reactionT

outer radius, ro al2b

stress mos model

allowable stress

twist mos model


allowable

actual

MS


allowable

actual

MS

allowabletwist

Flap Link Extensional Model

Flap Link Plane Strain Model

Flap Link Torsional Model* = Item not yet available in toolkit (all others have working examples)

Parts LibrariesIn-House*, ...

LegendTool AssociativityObject Re-use

Classical COB Notation [Peak, 1993; Tamburini, 1999; Wilson, 2000]

39

Flap Linkage ExampleManufacturable Product Model (MPM) = Design Description

Product Attribute

Ri Product Relation

ts1

A

Sleeve 1

A ts2

ds2

ds1

Sleeve 2

L

Shaft

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

flap_link

sleeve_1

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

R3

R2

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R1

COB flap_link SUBTYPE_OF part; part_number : STRING; inter_axis_length, L : REAL; sleeve1 : sleeve; sleeve2 : sleeve; shaft : tapered_beam; rib1 : rib; rib2 : rib;RELATIONS PRODUCT_RELATIONS pr2 : "<inter_axis_length> == <sleeve2.origin.y> -

<sleeve1.origin.y>"; pr3 : "<rib1.height> == (<sleeve1.width> -

<shaft.cross_section.design.web_thickness>)/2"; pr4 : "<rib2.height> == (<sleeve2.width> -

<shaft.cross_section.design.web_thickness>)/2";...

END_COB;

Extended Constraint Graph

COB Structure (COS)

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

40

ts1

A

Sleeve 1

A ts2

ds2

ds1

Sleeve 2

L

Shaft

Leff

s

Flap Linkage ExampleAnalyzable Product Model (APM) = MPM Subset + Idealizations

flap_link

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed


E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R3

R2

R1

R8

R9

R10

6R

R7

R12

11R

1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

Product Attribute

Idealized Attribute

Ri Idealization Relation

Ri Product Relation


Partial COB Structure (COS)

effective_length, Leff == inter_axis_length -

(sleeve1.hole.cross_section.radius + sleeve2.hole.cross_section.radius)

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

41

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

Design Model

Idealized Model

Design-Idealization Relation

flap_linkflap_link

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed


E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed


E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R3

R2

R1

R3

R2

R3

R2

R1R1

R8

R9

R10

6R

R7

R12

11R

1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

R8

R9

R10

R8

R9

R10

6R6R

R7R7

R12R12

11R11R

1R1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

Product Attribute

Idealized Attribute

Ri Idealization Relation

Ri Product Relation

Product AttributeProduct Attribute

Idealized AttributeIdealized Attribute

Ri Idealization RelationRi Idealization Relation

Ri Product RelationRi Product Relation


Flap Link APMImplementation in CATIA v5

42

Flap Link APMSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic view

flap_link

material

point

part

cross_section

tapered_I_section

filleted_tapered_I_section

basic_I_sectionsleeve

tapered_beam

rib

hole

1

1

sleeve1

1

1

sleeve2

1

1

shaft

1

1critical_cross_section

1

1

design

1

1basic

1

1tapered

1

1

origin

1

1

rib1

1

1

rib2

1

1 hole1

** git tool caveat: material link

bdd flap_link bdd - basic view

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

s

rib1 rib2

v. 2005-12-19

Note [1]: The term “part” is used here as a regular block name in the traditional engineering sense of part-assembly (i.e., it is not used here in the UML/SysML meta-entity context of part/class).

[1]

43

materials

«git-root-cob»material

name : STRING

yield_stress : REAL

«git-root-cob»material

name : STRING

yield_stress : REAL

geometry

point

x : REAL

y : REAL

z : REAL

point

x : REAL

y : REAL

z : REAL

apm

«git-root-cob»part

description : STRING

designer : STRING

material : STRING

sleeve

width : REAL

wall_thickness : REAL

outer_diameter : REAL

inner_diameter : REAL

tapered_beam

length : REAL

taper_angle : REAL

cross_section

tapered_I_section

flange_base_thickness : REAL

flange_taper_thickness : REAL

flange_taper_angle : REAL

web_thickness : REAL

total_height : REAL

flange_width : REAL

area : REAL

web_height : REAL

flange_thickness : REAL


flange_fillet_radius : REAL


total_height : REAL

flange_width : REAL




area : REAL

web_height : REAL


basic_I_section

area : REAL

total_height : REAL



flange_width : REAL

web_height : REAL

hole

height : REAL

volume : REAL

rib

base : REAL

height : REAL

thickness : REAL

«git-root-cob»part


designer : STRING

material : STRING

sleeve

width : REAL

wall_thickness : REAL

outer_diameter : REAL

inner_diameter : REAL

tapered_beam

length : REAL

taper_angle : REAL

cross_section

tapered_I_section





total_height : REAL

flange_width : REAL

area : REAL

web_height : REAL



flange_fillet_radius : REAL


total_height : REAL

flange_width : REAL




area : REAL

web_height : REAL


basic_I_section

area : REAL

total_height : REAL



flange_width : REAL

web_height : REAL

hole

height : REAL

volume : REAL

rib

base : REAL

height : REAL

thickness : REAL

«git-root-cob»flap_link

part_number : STRING

inter_axis_length : REAL

allowable_twist : REAL

allowable_twist_factor : REAL

allowable_inter_axis_length_change_factor : REAL

allowable_inter_axis_length_change : REAL

effective_length : REAL


designer : STRING

material : STRING

11

sleeve111

sleeve2

11

shaft

1

1

hole1

1

1

critical_cross_section

1

1

design1

1

basic

1

1

tapered

1

1

origin

11

rib111

rib2** git tool caveat: material link

bdd flap_link bdd

Flap Link APM: SysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) Implementing COB Concepts in SysML

v. 2005-12-19

44

Flap Link APM: SysML Parametric Diagram (par) Implementing COB Concepts in SysML

v. 2005-12-17

Class flap_link

sleeve1 : sleeve

wall_thickness

inner_diameter

outer_diameter

width

hole1 : hole

cross_section : circle

radius

diameterarea

origin : pointy

xz

sleeve2 : sleeve

outer_diameter

inner_diameter

wall_thickness

width

hole1 : hole


radius

diameterarea

origin : pointxy z

pr2 : algebraicabc

pr3 : algebraic

a

b

c

pr4 : algebraic

a

b

c

pr5 : algebraica

b

pir1 : algebraic

ab

c d

pir2 : algebraic

a

b

pir4 : algebraica

b

c

rib1 : ribbaseheight

thickness

part_number

inter_axis_length

allowable_twist

allowable_twist_factor

allowable_inter_axis_length_change_factor

allowable_inter_axis_length_change

effective_length

description

designer

material

origin : pointyx z

pr1 :algebraic

ab

shaft : tapered_beam

taper_angle

lengthcritical_cross_section : cross_section

design : filleted_tapered_I_section

flange_fillet_radius

flange_base_thickness

flange_taper_thickness

flange_taper_angle flange_width

I_section.flange_thickness

web_thickness

I_section.web_height

total_height

area

rib2 : rib

base height

thickness

pir3 : algebraica

b

c

pr6 : algebraica

b

sleeve1 : sleeve

wall_thickness

inner_diameter

outer_diameter

width

hole1 : hole


radius

diameterarea

origin : pointy

xz

wall_thickness

inner_diameter

outer_diameter

width

hole1 : hole


radius

diameterareacross_section : circle

radius

diameterarea

radius

diameterarea

origin : pointy

xz

y

xz

sleeve2 : sleeve

outer_diameter

inner_diameter

wall_thickness

width

hole1 : hole


radius

diameterarea

origin : pointxy z

outer_diameter

inner_diameter

wall_thickness

width

hole1 : hole


radius

diameterareacross_section : circle

radius

diameterarea

radius

diameterarea

origin : pointxy zxy z

pr2 : algebraicabc

abc

pr3 : algebraic

a

b

c a

b

c

pr4 : algebraic

a

b

ca

b

c

pr5 : algebraica

b

a

b

pir1 : algebraic

ab

c d

ab

c d

pir2 : algebraic

a

b

a

b

pir4 : algebraica

b

ca

b

c

rib1 : ribbaseheight

thickness

baseheight

thickness

part_number

inter_axis_length

allowable_twist

allowable_twist_factor

allowable_inter_axis_length_change_factor


effective_length

description

designer

material

origin : pointyx zyx z

pr1 :algebraic

ab ab


taper_angle








web_thickness


total_height

area

taper_angle








web_thickness


total_height

area







web_thickness


total_height

area






web_thickness


total_height

area

rib2 : rib

base height

thickness

base height

thickness

pir3 : algebraica

b

ca

b

c

pr6 : algebraica

b

a

b

material

namename«git-external-ref»

par-d

v. 2005-12-19


45

Flap Link APM: SysML Parametric

Diagram - Instance (inputs - unsolved state)

Class flap_link_XYZ-510

sleeve1 : sleeve

wall_thickness

width = 2.0

outer_diameter = 2.0

inner_diameter = 1.0

origin : point

z

y

x

hole1 : hole

origin : point

z

x

y cross_section : circleradius

area

diameter

sleeve2 : sleeve

wall_thickness

width = 2.50



hole1 : hole

origin : pointy

z

x


radius diameter

area

origin : pointy

z

x

rib1 : rib

thickness

base

heightorigin : point

z

x

y


origin : pointy

z

x

critical_cross_section : cross_section

basic :basic_I_section

design :filleted_tapered_I_section

total_height

flange_thickness

flange_taper_angle = 10.0

web_height

flange_taper_thickness = 0.05

flange_base_thickness = 0.25

flange_width = 1.5

area

web_thickness = 0.25

flange_fillet_radius = 0.13

tapered :tapered_I_section

taper_angle = 3.210243

length

origin : pointx = 0.0

y = 0.0

z = 0.0

part_number = "XYZ-510"

inter_axis_length = 6.250000

allowable_twist

allowable_twist_factor = 0.001

allowable_inter_axis_length_change_factor = 0.001


effective_length

description = "flap link type 5"

designer = "J. Smith"

material = "steel"

rib2 : rib

thickness

height

baseorigin : pointy

x

z

sleeve1 : sleeve

wall_thickness

width = 2.0



origin : point

z

y

x

hole1 : hole

origin : point

z

x


area

diameter

wall_thickness

width = 2.0



origin : point

z

y

x

z

y

x

hole1 : hole

origin : point

z

x


area

diameterorigin : point

z

x

y

z

x


area

diameterradius

area

diameter

sleeve2 : sleeve

wall_thickness

width = 2.50



hole1 : hole

origin : pointy

z

x


radius diameter

area

origin : pointy

z

x

wall_thickness

width = 2.50



hole1 : hole

origin : pointy

z

x


radius diameter

area

origin : pointy

z

x

y

z

x


radius diameter

area

radius diameter

area

origin : pointy

z

x

y

z

x

rib1 : rib

thickness

base


z

x

y

thickness

base


z

x

y

z

x

y


origin : pointy

z

x




total_height

flange_thickness


web_height



flange_width = 1.5

area





length

origin : pointy

z

x

y

z

x




total_height

flange_thickness


web_height



flange_width = 1.5

area






total_height

flange_thickness


web_height



flange_width = 1.5

area


flange_fillet_radius = 0.13total_height

flange_thickness


web_height



flange_width = 1.5

area





length

origin : pointx = 0.0

y = 0.0

z = 0.0

x = 0.0

y = 0.0

z = 0.0

part_number = "XYZ-510"

inter_axis_length = 6.250000

allowable_twist

allowable_twist_factor = 0.001

allowable_inter_axis_length_change_factor = 0.001


effective_length

description = "flap link type 5"

designer = "J. Smith"

material = "steel"

rib2 : rib

thickness

height

baseorigin : pointy

x

z

thickness

height

baseorigin : pointy

x

zy

x

z

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

s

rib1 rib2

par-i

v. 2005-12-19

Solving supported viamath tool execution

46


Material Model ABB:

Continuum ABBs:

E


T

G

e

t

material model


radius, r


twist,

theta start, 1

theta end, 2

r1

12

r3

0L

r

J

rTr

torque, Tr

x

TT

G, r, , ,J

Lo

y

material model

temperature, T


force, F

area, A


total elongation,L

length, L

start, x1

end, x2

E


(no shear)

T

e

t

r1

12 xxL

r2

oLLL

r4

A

F

edb.r1

oTTT

r3

L

L

x

FF

E, A,

LLo

T, ,

yL

Torsional Rod

Extensional Rod


cte,

youngs modulus, E

stress,

shear modulus, G

poissons ratio,


thermal strain, t

elastic strain, e

strain,

r2

r1)1(2

EG

r3

r4Tt

Ee

r5

G

te


material



Lo


F

L

A

L

E

x2

x1

youngs modulus, E


al1

al3

al2

linkage

mode: shaft tension

condition reaction

allowable stress

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS


(CBAMs) MCAD Tools


FEA Ansys

Abaqus*

CATIA Elfini*

MSC Nastran*

MSC Patran*

...


Matlab*

MathCAD*

...


Extension

Torsion

1D

1D




Design Tools

2D

flap_link

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed


E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R3

R2

R1

R8

R9

R10

6R

R7

R12

11R

1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

name


wf

tw

tf

inter_axis_length

sleeve_2

shaft

material

linkage

sleeve_1

w

t

r

E

cross_section:basic

w

t

rL

ws1

ts1

rs2

ws2

ts2

rs2

wf

tw

tf

E

deformation model

x,max


stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

ux mos model


allowable

actual

MS

mode: tensionux,max

Fcondition reaction


allowable stress

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

Leff

s

rib1 rib2

material


deformation model


Lo

Torsional Rod

G

J

r

2

1

shear modulus, G


al1

al3

al2a

linkage

mode: shaft torsion

condition reactionT


stress mos model

allowable stress

twist mos model


allowable

actual

MS


allowable

actual

MS

allowabletwist







47

COB-based Libraries of Analysis Building Blocks (ABBs)Material Model and Continuum ABBs - Constraint Schematic-S

Material Model ABB

Continuum ABBs

modularre-usage

E

O n e D L in e a rE la s t i c M o d e l

T

G

e

t

m a t e r i a l m o d e l

p o la r m o m e n t o f i n e r t i a , J

r a d iu s , r

u n d e f o r m e d l e n g t h , L o

t w i s t ,

t h e t a s t a r t , 1

t h e t a e n d , 2

r 1

12

r 3

0L

r

J

rT r

t o r q u e , T r

x

TT

G , r , , ,J

L o

y

m ateria l m odel

tem perature, T

reference tem perature, T o

force, F

area, A

undeform ed length, L o

to ta l e longation,L

length, L

start, x1

end, x2

E

O ne D LinearE lastic M odel

(no shear)

T

e

t

r1

12 xxL

r2

oLLL

r4

A

F

edb.r1

oTTT

r3

L

L

x

FF

E , A ,

LL o

T , ,

yL

Torsional Rod

Extensional Rod


cte,

youngs modulus, E

stress,

shear modulus, G

poissons ratio,


thermal strain, telastic strain, e

strain,

r2

r1)1(2

EG

r3

r4Tt

Ee

r5

G

te


Regarding classical COB notation and examples, see References/Backup Slides

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

48

Class torsional_rod

material_model :one_D_linear_elastic_model_isothermal

shear_modulus

shear_stress

stress

youngs_modulus

strain

shear_strain

name

theta_start

theta_end

twist

torque

radius

polar_moment_of_inertia

undeformed_length

r1 : algebraica

b

c

r2 : algebraica

b

c

d

r3 : algebraic

a

b

c

d

material_model :one_D_linear_elastic_model_isothermal

shear_modulus

shear_stress

stress

youngs_modulus

strain

shear_strain

name

shear_modulus

shear_stress

stress

youngs_modulus

strain

shear_strain

name

theta_start

theta_end

twist

torque

radius


undeformed_length

r1 : algebraica

b

c a

b

c

r2 : algebraica

b

c

d

a

b

c

d

r3 : algebraic

a

b

c

d

a

b

c

d

par-d

Libraries of Analysis Building Blocks (ABBs)Material Model & Continuum ABBs - SysML Parametric Diagrams

modularre-usage

Class extensional_rod

material_model :one_D_linear_elastic_model_noShear

elastic_straintemperature_change

youngs_modulus

cte

name

strainstress

thermal_strain

start

end

length

total_elongation

force

area

undeformed_length

reference_temperature

temperature

r1 : algebraica

b

c

r2 : algebraica

b

c

r3 : algebraica

b

c

r4 : algebraicab

c

r1edb : algebraicab

c



youngs_modulus

cte

name

strainstress

thermal_strain


youngs_modulus

cte

name

strainstress

thermal_strain

start

end

length

total_elongation

force

area

undeformed_length


temperature

r1 : algebraica

b

c a

b

c

r2 : algebraica

b

c a

b

c

r3 : algebraica

b

c a

b

c

r4 : algebraicab

c

ab

c

r1edb : algebraicab

c

ab

c

par-d

Class one_D_linear_elastic_model

youngs_modulus

poissons_ratio

cte

shear_modulus

strain

stress

shear_stress

shear_strain

thermal_strain

elastic_strain

temperature_change

name

yield_stressr1 : algebraic

a

b

c

r3 : algebraica

b

c

r4 : algebraicab

c

r5 : algebraica

b

c

r2 : algebraic

a

b

c

youngs_modulus

poissons_ratio

cte

shear_modulus

strain

stress

shear_stress

shear_strain

thermal_strain

elastic_strain

temperature_change

name

yield_stressr1 : algebraic

a

b

c

a

b

c

r3 : algebraica

b

c a

b

c

r4 : algebraicab

c

ab

c

r5 : algebraica

b

c a

b

c

r2 : algebraic

a

b

c

a

b

c

par-d

v. 2005-12-19

49


Material Model ABB:

Continuum ABBs:

E


T

G

e

t

material model


radius, r


twist,

theta start, 1

theta end, 2

r1

12

r3

0L

r

J

rTr

torque, Tr

x

TT

G, r, , ,J

Lo

y

material model

temperature, T


force, F

area, A


total elongation,L

length, L

start, x1

end, x2

E


(no shear)

T

e

t

r1

12 xxL

r2

oLLL

r4

A

F

edb.r1

oTTT

r3

L

L

x

FF

E, A,

LLo

T, ,

yL

Torsional Rod

Extensional Rod


cte,

youngs modulus, E

stress,

shear modulus, G

poissons ratio,


thermal strain, t

elastic strain, e

strain,

r2

r1)1(2

EG

r3

r4Tt

Ee

r5

G

te


material



Lo


F

L

A

L

E

x2

x1

youngs modulus, E


al1

al3

al2

linkage

mode: shaft tension

condition reaction

allowable stress

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS


(CBAMs) MCAD Tools


FEA Ansys

Abaqus*

CATIA Elfini*

MSC Nastran*

MSC Patran*

...


Matlab*

MathCAD*

...


Extension

Torsion

1D

1D




Design Tools

2D

flap_link

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed


E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R3

R2

R1

R8

R9

R10

6R

R7

R12

11R

1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

name


wf

tw

tf

inter_axis_length

sleeve_2

shaft

material

linkage

sleeve_1

w

t

r

E

cross_section:basic

w

t

rL

ws1

ts1

rs2

ws2

ts2

rs2

wf

tw

tf

E

deformation model

x,max


stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

ux mos model


allowable

actual

MS

mode: tensionux,max

Fcondition reaction


allowable stress

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

Leff

s

rib1 rib2

material


deformation model


Lo

Torsional Rod

G

J

r

2

1

shear modulus, G


al1

al3

al2a

linkage

mode: shaft torsion

condition reactionT


stress mos model

allowable stress

twist mos model


allowable

actual

MS


allowable

actual

MS

allowabletwist







50

Flap Link Simulation Templates & Generic Building BlocksSysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd) - basic view

«cbam»link_analysis_model

«cbam»link_extensional_model

«cbam»link_torsional_model

«cbam»link_plane_stress_model

«abb»link_plane_stress_abb

«abb»margin_of_safety_model

«abb»extensional_rod_isothermal

«abb»one_D_linear_elastic_model_isothermal

«abb»torsional_rod

condition «apm»flap_link

«abb»one_D_linear_elastic_model

«abb»one_D_linear_elastic_model_noShear

1 1

associated_condition

1

1

stress_mos_model

1

1

stress_mos_model

1

1l

twist_mos_model

1

1

sx_mos_model

1

1ux_mos_model

1

1

deformation_model1

1

deformation_model1

1

deformation_model

1

1

material_model

1

1

material_model

Generalization45

git tool caveat

bdd flap_link_cbams bdd - basic view

51

(1a) Analysis Template: Flap Link Extensional Model

Tutorial Example: Flap Link Analysis Template COB-based CBAM - Constraint Schematic (classical view)

m a t e r i a l

e f f e c t i v e l e n g t h , L e f f


l i n e a r e l a s t i c m o d e l

L o

E x t e n s i o n a l R o d( i s o t h e r m a l )

F

L

A

L

E

x 2

x 1

y o u n g s m o d u l u s , E

c r o s s s e c t i o n a r e a , A

a l 1

a l 3

a l 2

l i n k a g e

m o d e : s h a f t t e n s i o n

c o n d i t i o n r e a c t i o n

a l l o w a b l e s t r e s s

y

xPP

E , A

LL e f f

,

Lt s 1

A

S l e e v e 1

A t s 2

d s 2

d s 1

S l e e v e 2

L

S h a f t

L e f f

s

s t r e s s m o s m o d e l

M a r g i n o f S a f e t y( > c a s e )

a l l o w a b l e

a c t u a l

M S

Solution Tool Interaction

Boundary Condition Objects(links to other analyses)*

CAD-CAEAssociativity (idealization usage)

Material ModelsGeometry

Requirements &Objectives

APMABB

ABB

CBAM

SMM

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

52

Analysis Template: Flap Link Extensional Model COB-based CBAM - SysML Parametric Diagram

v. 2005-12-19

«apm»flap_link


critical_cross_section :cross_section

basic : basic_I_section

area

part_numbereffective_length

material




area



area


areaarea

part_numbereffective_length

material

Class link_extensional_model

«part»«abb»

stress_mos_model : margin_of_safety_model

allowable

determined

margin_of_safety

associated_condition : condition

description reaction

«part»«abb»

deformation_model : extensional_rod_isothermal

length

total_elongationforce

area

undeformed_length


youngs_modulus

stressname

al2 : a=b ab

al3 : a=b ab

al4 : a=b ab

al5 : a=b ab

al6 : a=b

a

b

al7 : a=ba b

link

al1 : a=b ab

«part»«abb»

stress_mos_model : margin_of_safety_model

allowable

determined

margin_of_safety

allowable

determined

margin_of_safety

associated_condition : condition

description reactiondescription reaction

«part»«abb»

deformation_model : extensional_rod_isothermal

length


area

undeformed_length


youngs_modulus

stressname

length


area

undeformed_length


youngs_modulus

stressname

youngs_modulus

stressname

al2 : a=b ab ab

al3 : a=b ab ab

al4 : a=b ab ab

al5 : a=b ab ab

al6 : a=b

a

b

a

b

al7 : a=ba ba b

link

al1 : a=b ab ab

material

stress_strain_model :material_levels

linear_elastic :linear_elastic_model

youngs_modulus

name yield_stress

stress_strain_model :material_levels


youngs_modulus


youngs_modulusyoungs_modulus

name yield_stress

par-d


53

material


deformation model


Lo


F

L

A

L

E

x2

x1

youngs modulus, E

shaftcritical_cross

_section

al1

al3

al2

linkage

mode: shaft tension

condition reaction

allowable stress

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

description

area, Abasic

example 1, state 1

steel

10000 lbs

flaps mid position

1.125 in2

18000 psi

30e6 psi

1.025

5.0 in

8888 psi

1.43e-3 inFlap Link #3

material


deformation model


Lo


F

L

A

L

E

x2

x1

youngs modulus, E

shaftcritical_cross_section

al1

al3

al2

linkage

mode: shaft tension

condition reaction

allowable stress

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

description

area, AbasicX

3.00e-3 in

1.125 in2

5.0 inFlap Link #3

0.0

steel10000 lbs

flaps mid position

18000psi

example 1, state 3

30e6 psi18000 psi

0.555 in2

Analysis Template Instance with Multi-Directional I/O Flap Link Extensional Model - COB Constraint Schematics (classical view)

Design Verification- Input: design details- Output: i) idealized design parameters ii) physical response criteria

Design Synthesis- Input: desired physical response criteria- Output: i) idealized design parameters (e.g., for sizing), or ii) detailed design parameters

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

54

Flap Link Extensional ModelExample COB Instance in XaiTools (object-oriented spreadsheet)

Detailed CAD datafrom CATIA

Idealized analysis features in APM

Explicit multi-directional associativity between design & analysis

Modular generic analysis templates(ABBs)

Library data for materials

Focus Point ofCAD-CAE Integration

example 1, state 1

55


Material Model ABB:

Continuum ABBs:

E


T

G

e

t

material model


radius, r


twist,

theta start, 1

theta end, 2

r1

12

r3

0L

r

J

rTr

torque, Tr

x

TT

G, r, , ,J

Lo

y

material model

temperature, T


force, F

area, A


total elongation,L

length, L

start, x1

end, x2

E


(no shear)

T

e

t

r1

12 xxL

r2

oLLL

r4

A

F

edb.r1

oTTT

r3

L

L

x

FF

E, A,

LLo

T, ,

yL

Torsional Rod

Extensional Rod


cte,

youngs modulus, E

stress,

shear modulus, G

poissons ratio,


thermal strain, t

elastic strain, e

strain,

r2

r1)1(2

EG

r3

r4Tt

Ee

r5

G

te


material



Lo


F

L

A

L

E

x2

x1

youngs modulus, E


al1

al3

al2

linkage

mode: shaft tension

condition reaction

allowable stress

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS


(CBAMs) MCAD Tools


FEA Ansys

Abaqus*

CATIA Elfini*

MSC Nastran*

MSC Patran*

...


Matlab*

MathCAD*

...


Extension

Torsion

1D

1D




Design Tools

2D

flap_link

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed


E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R3

R2

R1

R8

R9

R10

6R

R7

R12

11R

1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

name


wf

tw

tf

inter_axis_length

sleeve_2

shaft

material

linkage

sleeve_1

w

t

r

E

cross_section:basic

w

t

rL

ws1

ts1

rs2

ws2

ts2

rs2

wf

tw

tf

E

deformation model

x,max


stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

ux mos model


allowable

actual

MS

mode: tensionux,max

Fcondition reaction


allowable stress

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

Leff

s

rib1 rib2

material


deformation model


Lo

Torsional Rod

G

J

r

2

1

shear modulus, G


al1

al3

al2a

linkage

mode: shaft torsion

condition reactionT


stress mos model

allowable stress

twist mos model


allowable

actual

MS


allowable

actual

MS

allowabletwist







56

FEA-based Analysis Template: Link Plane Stress ModelCOB-based CBAM - Constraint Schematic (classical view)

ts1

rs1

L

rs2

ts2tf

ws2ws1

wf

tw

F

L L

x

y

L C

Plane Stress Bodies

Higher fidelity version vs. Link Extensional Model

name


wf

tw

tf

inter_axis_length

sleeve_2

shaft

material

linkage

sleeve_1

w

t

r

E

cross_section:basic

w

t

rL

ws1

ts1

rs2

ws2

ts2

rs2

wf

tw

tf

E

deformation model

x,max


stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

ux mos model


allowable

actual

MS

mode: tensionux,max

Fcondition reaction


allowable stress

ABBSMM SMM Template

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

57

FEA-based Analysis Template: Link Plane Stress ModelCOB-based CBAM - SysML Parametric Diagram (draft layout)

link_plane_stress_model

sx_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

determined

margin_of_safety

allowable

ux_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

margin_of_safety

determined

allowable

deformation_model : link_plane_stress_abb

ts2

tw

lux

rs2

ex

sx

ws2

ts1

ws1

force

rs1

tf

wf

nuxy al1 : a=bb a

al2 : a=b ab

al3 : a=b ab

al5 : a=bb a

al6 : a=bba

al9 : a=b ab

al11 : a=bb

a

al12 : a=bb a

al13 : a=b ab

al7 : a=b

a

b

al8 : a=b ba

al9 : a=b

a

b

al8 : a=bba

al14 : a=b

b

a

al7 : a=b*2.0b a

al10 : a=b*2.0ba

associated_condition :condition

description

reactionload

link

al6 : a=ba b

sx_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

determined

margin_of_safety

allowabledetermined

margin_of_safety

allowable

ux_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

margin_of_safety

determined

allowablemargin_of_safety

determined

allowable

deformation_model : link_plane_stress_abb

ts2

tw

lux

rs2

ex

sx

ws2

ts1

ws1

force

rs1

tf

wf

nuxy

ts2

tw

lux

rs2

ex

sx

ws2

ts1

ws1

force

rs1

tf

wf

nuxy al1 : a=bb ab a

al2 : a=b ab

ab

al3 : a=b ab ab

al5 : a=bb ab a

al6 : a=bba

ba

al9 : a=b ab

ab

al11 : a=bb

ab

a

al12 : a=bb ab a

al13 : a=b ab ab

al7 : a=b

a

b

a

b

al8 : a=b ba ba

al9 : a=b

a

b

a

b

al8 : a=bba

ba

al14 : a=b

b

a

b

a

al7 : a=b*2.0b ab a

al10 : a=b*2.0ba

ba


description

reactionload

description

reactionload

link

al6 : a=ba ba b

flap_link

part_number

material

sleeve1 : sleeve

width

wall_thickness

outer_diameter

sleeve2 : sleeve

width

wall_thickness

outer_diameter




flange_thickness

total_height

flange_width

web_thickness

web_height


effective_length

part_number

material

sleeve1 : sleeve

width

wall_thickness

outer_diameter

width

wall_thickness

outer_diameter

sleeve2 : sleeve

width

wall_thickness

outer_diameter

width

wall_thickness

outer_diameter




flange_thickness

total_height

flange_width

web_thickness

web_height



flange_thickness

total_height

flange_width

web_thickness

web_height


flange_thickness

total_height

flange_width

web_thickness

web_height

flange_thickness

total_height

flange_width

web_thickness

web_height


effective_length

material

name

stress_strain_model : material_levels


poissons_ratio

youngs_modulus

yield_stress

name



poissons_ratio

youngs_modulus


poissons_ratio

youngs_modulus

poissons_ratio

youngs_modulus

yield_stress

Solving supported via math tool and FEA tool execution


58

SMM with Parameterized FEA ModelFlap Link Plane Stress Model

!EX,NIUX,L,WS1,WS2,RS1,RS2,TS1,TS2,TW,TF,WF,FORCE .../prep7

! element typeet,1,plane42

! material propertiesmp,ex,1,@EX@ ! elastic modulusmp,nuxy,1,@NIUX@ ! Poissons ratio

! geometric parametersL = @L@ ! lengthts1 = @TS1@ ! thickness of sleeve1rs1 = @RS1@ ! radius of sleeve1 (rs1<rs2)tf = @TF@ ! thickness of shaft flange ...

! key pointsk,1,0,0k,2,0,rs1+ts1k,3,-(rs1+ts1)*sin(phi),(rs1+ts1)*cos(phi) ...

! linesLARC,3,2,1,rs1+ts1, LARC,7,3,1,rs1+ts1, ...

! areasFLST,2,4,4 AL,P51X ...

ANSYS Prep7 Template@EX1@ = Parameters populated by context ABB

Preprocessor Model Figure

ts1

rs1

L

rs2

ts2tf

ws2ws1

wf

tw

F

L L

x

y

L C

Plane Stress Bodies

SMM wrapped inside an ABB subsystem as SysML parametric constraints

Class link_plane_stress_abb

r1 : CobExternalToolFunction

p5

p9

p11

p7

p4

p12

p8

r

p13

p10

p6

p1

p3

p2


p6

p8

p13

p5

p4

p2

r

p1

p3

p10

p9

p7

p12

p11

lws1

ts1

rs1

ws2

ts2

rs2

tw

tf

wf

force

ex

nuxy

uxsx


p5

p9

p11

p7

p4

p12

p8

r

p13

p10

p6

p1

p3

p2

p5

p9

p11

p7

p4

p12

p8

r

p13

p10

p6

p1

p3

p2


p6

p8

p13

p5

p4

p2

r

p1

p3

p10

p9

p7

p12

p11

p6

p8

p13

p5

p4

p2

r

p1

p3

p10

p9

p7

p12

p11

lws1

ts1

rs1

ws2

ts2

rs2

tw

tf

wf

force

ex

nuxy

uxsx

par-d

SMM = solution method model

59


Material Model ABB:

Continuum ABBs:

E


T

G

e

t

material model


radius, r


twist,

theta start, 1

theta end, 2

r1

12

r3

0L

r

J

rTr

torque, Tr

x

TT

G, r, , ,J

Lo

y

material model

temperature, T


force, F

area, A


total elongation,L

length, L

start, x1

end, x2

E


(no shear)

T

e

t

r1

12 xxL

r2

oLLL

r4

A

F

edb.r1

oTTT

r3

L

L

x

FF

E, A,

LLo

T, ,

yL

Torsional Rod

Extensional Rod


cte,

youngs modulus, E

stress,

shear modulus, G

poissons ratio,


thermal strain, t

elastic strain, e

strain,

r2

r1)1(2

EG

r3

r4Tt

Ee

r5

G

te


material



Lo


F

L

A

L

E

x2

x1

youngs modulus, E


al1

al3

al2

linkage

mode: shaft tension

condition reaction

allowable stress

stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS


(CBAMs) MCAD Tools


FEA Ansys

Abaqus*

CATIA Elfini*

MSC Nastran*

MSC Patran*

...


Matlab*

MathCAD*

...


Extension

Torsion

1D

1D




Design Tools

2D

flap_link

critical_section

critical_simple

t2f

wf

tw

hw

t1f

area

effective_length

critical_detailed


E

cte area

wf

tw

hw

tf

sleeve_1

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R3

R2

R1

R8

R9

R10

6R

R7

R12

11R

1R

2

3

4

5

R

R

R

R

name


wf

tw

tf

inter_axis_length

sleeve_2

shaft

material

linkage

sleeve_1

w

t

r

E

cross_section:basic

w

t

rL

ws1

ts1

rs2

ws2

ts2

rs2

wf

tw

tf

E

deformation model

x,max


stress mos model


allowable

actual

MS

ux mos model


allowable

actual

MS

mode: tensionux,max

Fcondition reaction


allowable stress

ts1

B

sleeve1

B ts2

ds2

ds1

sleeve2

L

shaft

Leff

s

rib1 rib2

material


deformation model


Lo

Torsional Rod

G

J

r

2

1

shear modulus, G


al1

al3

al2a

linkage

mode: shaft torsion

condition reactionT


stress mos model

allowable stress

twist mos model


allowable

actual

MS


allowable

actual

MS

allowabletwist







60

Analysis Template: Flap Link Torsional Model COB-based CBAM - Constraint Schematic (classical view)

m a t e r i a l

e f f e c t i v e l e n g t h , L e f f


l i n e a r e l a s t i c m o d e l

L o

T o r s i o n a l R o d

G

J

r

2

1

s h e a r m o d u l u s , G

c r o s s s e c t i o n :e f f e c t i v e r i n g p o l a r m o m e n t o f i n e r t i a , J

a l 1

a l 3

a l 2 a

l i n k a g e

m o d e : s h a f t t o r s i o n

c o n d i t i o n r e a c t i o n

t s 1

A

S l e e v e 1

A t s 2

d s 2

d s 1

S l e e v e 2

L

S h a f t

L e f f

s

T

o u t e r r a d i u s , r o a l 2 b

s t r e s s m o s m o d e l

a l l o w a b l e s t r e s s

t w i s t m o s m o d e l


a l l o w a b l e

a c t u a l

M S


a l l o w a b l e

a c t u a l

M S

a l l o w a b l et w i s t

Diverse Mode (Behavior) vs. Link Extensional Model

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

61

Analysis Template: Flap Link Torsional Model COB-based CBAM - SysML Parametric Diagram (draft layout)

link_torsional_model

stress_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

allowable

margin_of_safety

determined

twist_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

margin_of_safety

determined

allowable

deformation_model : torsional_rod


theta_end

theta_start

twist


temperature

torque

radius

undeformed_lengthmaterial_model :

one_D_linear_elastic_m-odel_isothermal

shear_stressname

shear_modulus

al1 : a=b

ab

al1a : a=b/2.1

a

b

al2 : a=b*0.9 ba

al3 : a=b ba

al4 : a=bba

al5 : a=b a

b

al6 : a=b ba

al7 : a=b

a

b

al8 : a=b ba

al9 : a=b

a

b


reaction

description

load

stress_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

allowable

margin_of_safety

determined

allowable

margin_of_safety

determined

twist_mos_model :margin_of_safety_model

margin_of_safety

determined

allowablemargin_of_safety

determined

allowable

deformation_model : torsional_rod


theta_end

theta_start

twist


temperature

torque

radius



shear_stressname

shear_modulus


theta_end

theta_start

twist


temperature

torque

radius



shear_stressname

shear_modulusshear_stressname

shear_modulus

al1 : a=b

ab

ab

al1a : a=b/2.1

a

b

a

b

al2 : a=b*0.9 ba

ba

al3 : a=b ba

ba

al4 : a=bba ba

al5 : a=b a

b

a

b

al6 : a=b ba ba

al7 : a=b

a

b

a

b

al8 : a=b ba

ba

al9 : a=b

a

b

a

b


reaction

description

load

reaction

description

load

flap_link




total_height

area

part_number

material

allowable_twist

effective_length




total_height

area



total_height

area


total_height

area

total_height

area

part_number

material

allowable_twist

effective_length

material

name

yield_stress



shear_modulus

name

yield_stress



shear_modulus


shear_modulusshear_modulus



62

Modularity and Reusability in Flap Link Benchmark Problem

SysML Package Structure

cobs

«git-schema»flap_link_cbams

«git-schema»flap_link_apm

common

«git-schema»abbs

«git-schema»apm

«git-schema»geometry

«git-schema»materials

«git-schema»flap_link_cbams

«git-schema»flap_link_apm

common

«git-schema»abbs

«git-schema»apm



«git-schema»abbs

«git-schema»apm



«git-use-from»

«git-use-from»

«git-use-from»

63Copyright © 2005

Next StepsUpdate current examples and tool interfaces Conformance to SysML spec

SysML v0.98 (SST) - ~2006-01 SysML v1.0 - ~2006-1Q

Draft recommended practices for SysML-based CAD/CAE and general parametrics usage

Expand examples: other system levels, constructs, domains, CAD tools, CAE solvers, ...

64Copyright © 2005

SummaryCompleted several test cases on representing executable physics-based CAE models in SysML Tutorial & benchmark problems

Triangles, analytical springs, flap link Includes interfaces to representative COTS solvers

General math: Mathematica FEA: Ansys

Leverages composable object (COB) and simulation template techniques Usage for knowledge capture & usage MRA for CAD-CAE and systems-of-systems (SoS)

Diverse CAD/CAE tools, behaviors, fidelity, ... Modular, reusable simulation building blocks

and fine-grained inter-model associativity

Reference & Backup Slides

68Copyright © 2005



for simulation templates and CAD-CAE interoperability[plus see flap link example above and references]


Design Models Analysis ModelsDesign Models Analysis Models

Frame of ReferenceCAD-CAE Model Representation & Interoperability R&D

~1992 - Present

Resulting techniques to date: Architecture with new model abstractions (patterns)

– Enables modular, reusable building blocks– Supports diversity:

» Product domains and physical behaviors» CAD/E methods and tools

– Supports multiple levels of fidelity

Other Model Abstractions (Patterns)


Frame of Reference (cont.) CAD-CAE Model Representation & Interoperability R&D

Key Capabilities

Represent design-analysis model associativity as tool-independent knowledge

Provide methodology– Capture analysis idealization knowledge – Create highly automated analysis templates – Support product design

Design Models Analysis ModelsOther Model Abstractions (Patterns)

Idealization & Associativity Relations


Product-Specific

Product-Independent


ABB SMM



SMMABB

APM ABB

CBAM

APM



Solder Joint

Component

PWB

Solder Joint

Component

PWB

body3body2

body1

body4

T0

body3body2

body1

body4

T0






i

Frame of Reference (cont.) CAD-CAE Model Representation & Interoperability R&D

Mapping to a Conceptual Architecture



Multi-Representation Architecture (MRA)


Plane Strain Bodies System

PWA Component Occurrence

CL

1

material ,E( , )geometry

body

plane strain body , i = 1...4PWB

SolderJoint

Epoxy

Componentbase: Alumina

core: FR4

Solder Joint Plane Strain Model

total height, h

linear-elastic model

APM ABB

3 APM 4 CBAM

2 ABBc

4body 3body

2body

1h oT

primary structural material

ii

i

Plane Strain Bodies System

PWA Component Occurrence

CLCL

1

material ,E( , )geometry

body

plane strain body , i = 1...4PWB

SolderJoint

Epoxy

Componentbase: Alumina

core: FR4

Solder Joint Plane Strain Model

total height, h

linear-elastic model

APM ABB

3 APM 4 CBAM

2 ABBc

4body 3body

2body

1h oT

primary structural material

ii

i

1 SMM

Design Model Analysis Model

ABB SMM

A Basic Solder Joint Deformation TemplateInformal Associativity Diagram

Printed Wiring Board/Assembly (PWA/PWB)

FEA Model



ABB SMM



SMMABB

APM ABB

CBAM

APM



Solder Joint

Component

PWB

Solder Joint

Component

PWB

body3body2

body1

body4

T0

body3body2

body1

body4

T0






i

http://eislab.gatech.edu/pubs/conferences/2003-asme-detc-peak/

Preliminary Characterization of CAD-CAE Interoperability ProblemEstimated quantities for all structural analyses of a complex system (airframe)



O(100) tools

O(10K) template types and O(100K) template instances

O(100) building blocks

O(10K) relevant parts



ABB SMM



SMMABB

APM ABB

CBAM

APM



Solder Joint

Component

PWB

Solder Joint

Component

PWB

body3body2

body1

body4

T0

body3body2

body1

body4

T0






i

Preliminary Characterization of CAD-CAE Interoperability Problem Estimated quantities for all structural analyses of a complex system (airframe) - cont.

O(100K) template instances containingO(1M) associativity relations

associativity gap = computer-insensible relation ~1M gaps

CAD-CAE associativity relations are represented as APM-ABB relations, APMABB , inside CBAMs

76Copyright © 2005








1. Mathematica


1. Ansys


Note: The SysML notation used in these slides roughly corresponds to SysML draft v0.9 plus more recent updates (approximately R. Burkhart blocks inputs as contained in SysML spec v0.98 by SST) and experimental variations. We intend to update these examples with the final official notation when v1.0 that becomes available.


COB Structure: Graphical Forms

Tutorial: Analytical Spring Primitive

Basic Constraint Schematic-S Notation

L

L

Fk

u n d e fo rm e d le n g th ,

s p r in g c o n s ta n t, fo rc e ,

to ta l e lo n g a tio n ,

1x

Lle n g th ,0

2x

s ta rt,

e n d ,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

c. Constraint Schematic-S

FF

k

L

deformed state

Lo

L

x2x1

a. Shape Schematic-S

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

:

:

:

3

02

121

b. Relations-S

SpringElementary

LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

d. Subsystem-S(for reuse by other COBs)s

a b

dc

a

b

d

c

e

r 1

[ 1 . 2 ]

[ 1 . 1 ]

f gcbe

r 2

h

wL [ j : 1 , n ]

w j

s

a b

dc

a

b

d

c

e

r 1

[ 1 . 2 ]

[ 1 . 1 ]

f gcbe

r 2

h

wL [ j : 1 , n ]

w j



r e l a t i o n r 1 ( a , b , s . c )


o p t i o n 1 . 1 :f = s . d

o p t i o n 1 . 2 :f = g





r e l a t i o n r 1 ( a , b , s . c )


o p t i o n 1 . 1 :f = s . d

o p t i o n 1 . 2 :f = g



Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Analytical Spring Implemented using SysML Block and Parametrics

spring

r1 : c=a-b a

b

c

r2 : c=a-b

a

cb

r3 : c=a*b

c b

a

undeformed_length

spring_constant

start

end0

length0

total_elongation

force

r1 : c=a-b a

b

c

a

b

c

r2 : c=a-b

a

cb

a

cb

r3 : c=a*b

c b

a

c b

a

undeformed_length

spring_constant

start

end0

length0

total_elongation

force



COB Structure (cont.): Lexical Form Spring Primitive

L

L

Fk

u n d e fo rm e d le n g th ,

s p r in g c o n s ta n t, fo rc e ,

to ta l e lo n g a tio n ,

1x

Lle n g th ,0

2x

s ta rt,

e n d ,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

Constraint Schematic-S

Lexical COB Structure (COS)

COB spring SUBTYPE_OF abb; undeformed_length, L0 : REAL; spring_constant, k : REAL; start, x1 : REAL; end, x2 : REAL; length, L : REAL; total_elongation, ΔL : REAL; force, F : REAL; RELATIONS r1 : "<length> == <end> - <start>"; r2 : "<total_elongation> == <length> - <undeformed_length>"; r3 : "<force> == <spring_constant> * <total_elongation>";END_COB;

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Example COB InstanceSpring Primitive


state 1.0 (unsolved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : 5.0; total_elongation : ?; force : 10.0;END_INSTANCE;

state 1.1 (solved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : 5.0; start : ?; end : ?; length : 22.0; total_elongation : 2.0; force : 10.0;END_INSTANCE;

22 mm

10 N

2 mm

5 N/mm

20 mm

L

L

Fk

undeformed length,

spring constant, force,

total elongation,

1x

Llength,0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3


Basic Constraint Schematic-I Notation

200 lbs

30e6 psiResult b = 30e6 psi (output or intermediate variable)

Result c = 200 lbs (output of primary interest)

X

Relation r1 is suspended

X r1

100 lbs Input a = 100 lbs

Equality relation is suspended

a

b

c

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


2 mm

40 N20 N/mm

20 mm

10 mm

32 mm

22 mm

L

L

Fk

undeformed length,


total elongation,

1x

Llength,0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

Multi-Directional I/O (non-causal)Spring Primitive


state 5.0 (unsolved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : ?; start : 10.0; length : 22.0; force : 40.0;END_INSTANCE;

state 5.1 (solved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : 20.0; start : 10.0; end : 32.0; length : 22.0; total_elongation : 2.0; force : 40.0;END_INSTANCE;

Design Verification

Design Synthesis



22 mm

10 N

2 mm

5 N/mm

20 mm

L

L

Fk

undeformed length,


total elongation,

1x

Llength,0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Traditional Mathematical RepresentationTutorial: Two Spring System

System Figure

P

k1 k2

2u1u

L10

k1

x12

F1

L1

L1

x11

F1

L20

k2

x22

F2

L2

L2

x21

F2

Free Body Diagrams

22223

202222

2122221

11113

101112

1112111

:

:

:

:

:

:

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

Variables and Relations

Boundary Conditions

Kinematic Relations

Constitutive Relations

1226

115

24

213

21122

111

:

:

:

:

:

0:

uLubc

Lubc

PFbc

FFbc

xxbc

xbc


b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P

S p r i n gE l e m e n t a r y

LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

COB Constraint Schematic-STwo Spring System

22223

202222

2122221

11113

101112

1112111

:

:

:

:

:

:

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

P

k1 k2

u2u1

System-Level Relations(Boundary Conditions)

Analysis Primitiveswith

Encapsulated Relations

1226

115

24

213

21122

111

:

:

:

:

:

0:

uLubc

Lubc

PFbc

FFbc

xxbc

xbc

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


Spring System Implemented using SysML Blocks and Parametrics

«git-root-cob»«abb»

two_spring_system

deformation1 : REAL

deformation2 : REAL

load : REAL

«abb»spring

undeformed_length : REAL

spring_constant : REAL

start : REAL

end0 : REAL

length0 : REAL

total_elongation : REAL

force : REAL

11

spring111

spring2


SysML Block Definition Diagram (bdd)

Class two_spring_system

deformation1 : REAL

deformation2 : REAL

load : REAL

«part»«abb»

1

spring2 : springundeformed_length

spring_constant

start

end0

length0

total_elongation

force

«part»«abb»

1

spring1 : spring

forcetotal_elongation

length0

end0

start

spring_constant

undeformed_length

bc1 : a=0

a

bc2 : a=ba b

bc3 : a=b

ab

bc4 : a=b

a

bbc5 : a=b

a

b

bc6 : c=a+b a

b

c

deformation1 : REAL

deformation2 : REAL

load : REAL

«part»«abb»

1

spring2 : springundeformed_length

spring_constant

start

end0

length0

total_elongation

force

undeformed_length

spring_constant

start

end0

length0

total_elongation

force

«part»«abb»

1

spring1 : spring


length0

end0

start

spring_constant

undeformed_length


length0

end0

start

spring_constant

undeformed_length

bc1 : a=0

aa

bc2 : a=ba ba b

bc3 : a=b

ab

ab

bc4 : a=b

a

b

a

bbc5 : a=b

a

b

a

b

bc6 : c=a+b a

b

ca

b

c

par-d


Constraint Graph-STwo Spring System

P

k1 k2

2u1u

22223

202222

2122221

11113

101112

1112111

:

:

:

:

:

:

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

1226

115

24

213

21122

111

:

:

:

:

:

0:

uLubc

Lubc

PFbc

FFbc

xxbc

xbc

spring2

spring1

L10

k1

L1

L1

L20

k2

x21

x22

F2

L2

F1

x12

u1 u2

P

L2

bc4

r12

r13

r22

r23

bc5bc6

bc3

r11r21

bc2

bc1

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


spring2

spring1

L10

k1

L1

L1

L20

k2

x21

x22

F2

L2

F1

x11

x12

u1 u2

P

L2

bc4

r12

r13

r22

r23

bc5bc6

bc3

r11r21

bc2

bc1

b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

COB Representation Constraint Schematic-S: Two Spring System


Constraint Graph-S

• Encapsulated form (hides details)

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

COBs as Building BlocksTwo Spring System

P

k1 k2

u2u1


Lexical COB Structure (COS)

COB spring_system SUBTYPE_OF analysis_system; spring1 : spring; spring2 : spring; deformation1, u1 : REAL; deformation2, u2 : REAL; load, P : REAL; RELATIONS bc1 : "<spring1.start> == 0.0"; bc2 : "<spring1.end> == <spring2.start>"; bc3 : "<spring1.force> == <spring2.force>"; bc4 : "<spring2.force> == <load>"; bc5 : "<deformation1> ==

<spring1.total_elongation>"; bc6 : "<deformation2> ==

<spring2.total_elongation> + <deformation1>";END_COB;

b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]


state 1.0 (unsolved):INSTANCE_OF spring_system; spring1.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring1.spring_constant : 5.5; spring2.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring2.spring_constant : 6.0; load : 10.0; deformation2 : ?;END_INSTANCE;

state 1.1 (solved):INSTANCE_OF spring_system; spring1.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring1.spring_constant : 5.5; spring1.start : 0.0; spring1.end : 9.818; spring1.force : 10.0; spring1.total_elongation : 1.818; spring1.length : 9.818; spring2.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring2.spring_constant : 6.0; spring2.start : 9.818; spring2.force : 10.0; spring2.total_elongation : 1.667; spring2.length : 9.667; spring2.end : 19.48; load : 10.0; deformation1 : 1.818; deformation2 : 3.485;END_INSTANCE;

Analysis System InstanceTwo Spring System


b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

1 . 8 1 8

1 0 . 0 6 . 0

8 . 0

5 . 5

8 . 0

3 . 4 8 5

9 . 8 1 8

1 0 . 0

1 0 . 0

9 . 8 1 8

1 . 6 6 7

9 . 6 6 7

1 9 . 4 8

1 . 8 1 8

9 . 8 1 8


Classical C

OB


amburini, 1999; W

ilson, 2000]

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