Global Studies Review

Global 10 Regents Exam

Vocab to Define Primary Source: a firsthand record of a historical

event created by an eyewitness who actual experienced the event

Secondary Source: a secondhand record of a historical event created by a person who did NOT actually experience the event

Prehistory: before the invention of writing

Paleolithic (Old Stone Age): nomadic; hunters & gatherers

Neolithic (New Stone Age): change from nomadic herding to settled farming; domestication of plants & animals

Vocab to Define Geographer: study the Earth’s surface and its impact

on humans

Economist: study how societies use available resources; what goods & services are produced; how are goods & services produced; how are good & services distributed?

Archaeology: the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains.

Fact: a thing that is indisputably the case

Opinion: a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge

Vocab to Define B.C.: the time before Christ on a timeline

B.C.E.: before the common era; replaces “B.C.”

A.D.: Anos Domini – “In the Year of our Lord”

C.E.: Common Era – term now used to replace “A.D.”

Geographic FeaturesGeographic Feature

Definition Effect Example

Deserts Natural barrier; protection

Limits trade, travel

Sahara Desert

Irregular Coastline

Natural harbors Easier to invade Greece, Italy

Island Protection Few natural resources, isolation

Japan, Cuba, Madagascar

Lack of Warm Water Ports

The water does not freeze over in winter

Can be of great geopolitical or economic interest

Russia

Monsoons Seasonal wind The rainy season accompanying the wet monsoon

India

Geographic FeaturesGeographic Feature

Definition Effect Example

Mountain Protection from invaders

Lack of cultural diffusion

Andes

Rainforests Resources- wood, medicine

Limits interaction of people

Amazon

Regular Coastline

Difficult to invade No natural harbors

Africa

River Valley Fertile soil Unpredictability of flooding

Tigris/Euphrates River Valley

Strategic Location

Geographic or social position which plays a part in predetermined plan

Control of, or access to, areas that have an impact on security and prosperity of nations

India's location is strategic because India gives access to the south east Asia.

Fields of Study in Global History

1. Archeologist - F

2. Anthropologist - C

3. Sociologist - E

4. Economist - D

5. Geographer - A

6. Historians - B

7. Political Scientist - G

Culture Culture: The shared beliefs, customs, practices,

and social behavior of a particular nation or people.

Cultural diffusion: The spreading of ideas through contact from one people to another.

Characteristics of Culture: Cities, Organized Government, Religion, Job Specialization, Social Classes, Writing, Art/Architecture, Public Works

In what ways can cultural diffusion occur: Trade or war.

Vocabulary Practice Historian: D

Archeologist: F

Anthropologist: K

Sociologist: A

Geographer: M

Political Scientist: H

Economist: C

Demographer: J

Cartographer: L

Topographical Map: B

Political Map: G

Primary Source: I

Secondary Source: E

Critical ThinkingIf you were to visit Africa…

Political Map shows man-made boundaries & formation of nation-states

Topographical Map shows land forms, elevation and is also a physical map

Careers in Social Studies…

Answer on your own.

Toolkit- Multiple Choice

1. Anthropologist

2. Capital cities

3. Anthropology

4. Diary of a Holocaust survivor

5. Economist

6. Chronological relationship between events

7. Primary Sources

8. Shaped by the available evidence

9. How location influences the way people live

10. Climate

Visuals - MapsSeven Continents

1. Asia

2. Africa

3. North America

4. South America

5. Australia

6. Europe

7. Antarctica

Oceans

1. A

2. L

3. K

4. E

5. M

6. D

7. C

8. J

9. B

Early CivilizationsEgypt

North Africa - Nile RiverPyramidsPharaohs

MummificationHieroglyphics

MesopotamiaFertile Crescent – between

Tigris &Euphrates RiversSumer/Babylon

CuneiformZiggurats

Hammurabi’s Code

IndiaIndus River

Harappan Civilization - grid pattern cities; well-plannedGupta Civilization- decimal

system, plastic surgeryStupas

ChinaHuang He (Yellow) & Yangtze

RiversMandate of Heaven

Great WallCivil Service Exams

Dynastic Cycle

Religion Monotheism- belief in one God

Polytheism- belief in many gods

ReligionReligion Book Location Basic Beliefs

Animism None Africa All things in nature have a spirit

Buddhism Tripitaka India Four Noble Truths; Eightfold path, Nirvana, Reincarnation

Confucianism Analects China Five Relationships, Filial Piety

Daoism/Taoism

The Way of Virtue

China People should live in harmony with nature, yin/yang (balance)

Hinduism Upanishads India Karma, Dharma, Caste System, Reincarnation

Shintoism None Japan All things in nature have a spirit

Monotheistic Religions

Religion Book Location Basic Beliefs

Judaism Torah/TalmudTen Commandments

Middle East God will send a messiahGood behavior will be rewarded in heaven

Christianity

Bible Began in Middle East and spread to Europe

Christ is Messiah, Ten Commandments

Islam Qur’an, Koran Middle East Five Pillars, followers called Muslims

Vocabulary PracticeMatching

1. E

2. F

3. H

4. C

5. A

6. I

7. D

8. B

9. J

10.G

Critical Thinking

1. Trigger Effect: farming – surplus – markets – cities – civilization

2. Silk Road is an example of cultural diffusion because it was responsible for trade, which spread ideas and cultures to the rest of the world.

3. River valleys were the first places for early cities because of human need for water.

Events PracticeChronology

1. 2 – 4 – 1 – 5 – 3

2. 2 – 1 – 4 – 3

3. 1 – 4 – 2 – 3

Critical Thinking

1. Many elements of the beliefs of Judaism translated into, or can be found in, Christianity and Islam.

2. River Valley civilizations (Mesopotamia- Tigris & Euphrates Rivers)

3. Cultural Diffusion

Part E- Regents Multiple Choice

1. Civilizations developed

2. Bantu

3. Judaism

4. River valleys

5. Philosophers of ancient Greece

6. Cultural diffusion

7. Buddhism

8. Law sometimes distinguishes between social classes

9. Provided a basis for social order

10.Expansion was limited by geographic factors

Part F- Visuals Neolithic Revolution:

Document 1-Domestication of AnimalsPlow

Document 2-Food is domesticated

EmpiresWhere Who When What Why

Europe RomeByzantine

Asia QinHan

Africa GhanaMaliSonghai

Americas MayaAztecInca

India MauryaGupta

Events PracticeChronology

3 – 2 – 1 – 4 – 5

2 – 1 – 3

4 – 1 – 2 – 3

Critical Thinking

1. 500 CE- Gupta; 750 CE- Islam; 1000 CE- Byzantine

2. Decentralized governments hurt cultural diffusion

3. Warfare disrupted trade

Geography Practice1. Part of Tang Dynasty, not part of Song- G

2. Gupta Empire- F

3. Part of Islamic Empire- I, E

4. Center of Byzantine Empire- E

5. Part of Song & Tang Dynasties- G, H

6. Indian Ocean- C

7. Mediterranean Sea- D

8. Atlantic Ocean- A

9. Pacific Ocean- B

People Practice

1. Averroes

2. Gupta

3. Shiite

4. Tang

5. Byzantine

6. Sunni

7. Justinian

8. Saladin

9. Song

10. Charlemagne

Critical Thinking

1. No central power to the kings

2. Manors