GOVERNMENT COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS), KUMBAKONAM,

COURSE STRUCTURE FOR PG ECONOMICS (90 Credits)

PG CBCS 2012-13 ONWARDS

SEME

STER

COURSE

STRUCTURE

TITLE OF THE PAPER INSTRU’n

HRS

CREDIT MARKS

I Core Course-I Advanced Micro Economic Theory

6 5 100

Core Course-II Money and Banking 6 5 100

Core Course-III Agricultural Economics 6 5 100

Core Course-IV Statistical Methods-I 6 5 100

Elective Course-I Economic Development of India

6 4 100

Total 30 24 500

II Core Course-V Advanced Macro Economic Theory

6 5 100

Core Course-VI Fiscal Economics 6 5 100

Core Course-VII Statistical Methods - II 6 5 100

Elective Course-II

Women and Indian Economy 6 4 100

Extra Disciplinary Course-I

Indian Economic Problems 3 2 100

Extra Disciplinary Course-II

Environmental Issues and Management

3 2 100

Total 30 23 600

III Core Course-VIII International Economics 6 5 100

Core Course-IX Research Methodology 6 5 100

Core Course-X Managerial Economics 6 5 100

Core Course-XI Human Resource Management

6 5 100

Core Course-XII Industrial Economics 6 5 100

Total 30 25 100

IV Core Course-XIII Economics of Growth and Development

6 6 100

Core Course-XIV Demography 6 6 100

Project 18 6 100

Total 30 18 300

TOTAL CREDIT : 90

Core Course I

Advanced Micro Economic Theory

The main objective of this paper is to impart knowledge on the principles of Micro

Economics and their applications and to learn the recent developments in

Economic Theory. This paper analyses the economic behaviour of individuals,

firms and markets. It is mainly concerned with the objective of equipping the

students in a rigorous and comprehensive manner with the various aspects of

consumer behaviour and demand analysis, production theory and behaviour of

costs, the theory of traditional markets and equilibrium of firm in modern non-

profit maximizing framework.

UNIT- I DEMAND ANALYSIS

Theories of demand – utility; indifference curve - income and substitution effects,

Slutsky theorem, compensated demand curve – Revealed preference theory;

Recent developments in demand theory – constant elasticity of demand function –

dynamic demand function – linear expenditure system – the indirect utility

function – Theory of consumer behaviors and demand – consumer preference and

choice – consumer behavior and individual demand – elasticity‟s – superiority of

indifference curve analysis.

UNIT- II UTILITY AND GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS

The modern utility analysis of choice – choice involving risk or uncertainty –

Bernoulli hypothesis – Neumann – Morgenstern method of measuring utility –

Friedman savage hypothesis – The Markowitz hypothesis –appraisal. Partial and

general equilibrium, Walrasian excess demand and input – output approaches to

general equilibrium, monopolies; two sector model, relationship between relative

commodity and factor prices.

UNIT- III THEORY OF PRODUCTION AND COSTS

Production function – Multi Product firm; Elasticity of substitution; Euler's

theorem; Technical progress and production function; Traditional and modern

theories of costs – Derivation of cost functions from production functions.

Production theory – traditional approach – Isoquant - iso – cost approach –Cobb –

Douglas production function – CES production function.

UNIT- IV PRICE AND OUTPUT DETERMINATION

Equilibrium of the firm and industry under perfect competition – monopoly –

monopolistic competition – duopoly - oligopoly. Pricing of factors of production –

perfect and imperfect market situation and factor pricing. Oligopoly – Non-

collusive models – Cournot, Bertrand, Edge worth, Chamberlin, kinked demand

curve and Stackelberg's solution) and collusive models - Cartels and mergers, price

leadership – price and output determination under monopsony and bilateral

monopoly.

UNIT - V ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF THE FIRM

Welfare economics - meaning – pigouvian welfare condition – analysis of

externalities – the Paretian optimum – social welfare function – maximization of

social welfare. Baumol's sales revenue maximization model; Williamson's model

of managerial discretion; Marris model of managerial enterprise; Distribution:

Neo-classical approach – Marginal productivity theory; Theory of distribution in

imperfect product and factor markets.

REFERENCES

1. H.L. AHUJA (2009) Advanced Economic Theory S.Chand & Co, New

Delhi.

2. Baumol. W.J. (1982) Economic Theory and Operations Analysis. Prentice

Hall of India, New Delhi.

3. Koutsoyiannis.A (1979) “Modern Micro Economics”, the Macmillan Press

Ltd, Hampshire.

4. Stigler, G. (1996) Theory of Price, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

5. Sen., A.K. (1999) Microeconomics: Theory and Applications. Oxford

University Press, New Delhi.

6. Jhingan M.L - (2003)‟Advanced Economic Theory „, Vrinda Publications

Pvt Ltd.

7. Gregary N. Mankiw - Micro Economic Theory

Core Course -II

Money and Banking

Unit – I Monetary theories

Theory of term structure – interest rates – expectation theory – segmented market

theory – substitutability theory – the liquidity of risk premium theory – the perfect

habitat theory.

Unit - II Commercial And Central Banking

Functions of Commercial Banks-Port Folio Management, Non Performing Assets

(NPA). Central bank: Functions, Credit control policy, R.B.I.‟s policy of credit

control, since 1991. Role of Monetary Policy in Economic Development - Goals,

Targets and Indicators of Monetary Policy - Lags in monetary Policy.

Unit - III Financial Markets

Money Market – Characteristics and Constituents. Capital Market – Primary and

Secondary Market - Stock Exchange: role and its Functions, Capital issue control

and its aim - SEBI. - Non banking financial institutions (NBFIs): LIC, UTI, IDBI

and SIDBI

Unit - IV Modern Banking System

New concepts in Banking core banking, ATM, Credit card, E banking and Internet

Banking - Recent Banking Regulations

Unit - V Recent Trends In Indian Banking System

social banking – Innovative banking – deposit insurance corporation – defects in

Indian banking – Narasimham committee report – Development banking in India -

co-operative banks in India – Regional Rural Banks – NABARD – Mutual funds in

India.

References:

1. Mithani D.M. (1984), Money Banking, International trade and finance,

Himalaya publishing house, Bombay.

2. Gupta S.B. (1994) Monetary Economics, S.Chand and Company, New Delhi.

3. Vaish M.C. (1982), Money, Banking and International trade -Vikas publishing

house, Bombay.

4. Reserve Bank of India –Report on currency and finance (Annual), Mumbai.

5. Monetary Economics – M. L. Seth.

6. Money, banking and International trade by R. R. Paul.

7. Macro Economic theory – by M. L. Jhingan.

8. General Theory employment Interest and Money – by J. M. Keynes

9. Money banking trade and finance – by K. P. M. Sundaram

10. Money, Income and Monetary Policy – by Shaw E. S.

11. Essay on Money – by Milton Friedman

12. Economics of Money and Banking – By Chandler L. V.

13. Monetary Economics – M.L. Jhingan

14. Money, Banking, International Trade - M.L. Jhingan

15. Alak Ghosh and Ghosh – Fundamentals of Monetary Economics

Core Course - III

Agricultural Economics

The objective of this paper is to provide a detailed treatment of issues in agricultural economics

to those intending to specialize in this area. Its objective is to familiarize students with policy

issues that are relevant to Indian agricultural economics and enable them to analyze the issues,

using basic micro – economic concepts.

UNIT-I AGRICULTURAL GROWTH IN INDIA Nature and scope of agricultural economics; Traditional agriculture and its

modernization; Role of agriculture in economic development; Interdependence

between agriculture and industry. Recent trends in agricultural growth in India-

Shifts in cropping pattern-Supply of inputs – irrigation, power, seed and fertilizers,

pricing of inputs and role of subsidies-Role of public investment and capital

formation in Indian agriculture

UNIT-II LAND REFORMS AND LAND POLICY

Principles of land utilization – Land distribution – Structure and trends –– Land

tenures and farming systems –– Tenancy and crop Sharing – Forms, incidence and

effects – Land reform measures and performance. Problems of marginal and small

farmers

UNIT-III AGRICULTURAL FINANCE

Role of capital and rural credit – Organized and unorganized capital market –

Rural savings and capital formation – Characteristics and sources of rural credit –

Institutional and non-institutional – Reorganization of rural credit – cooperatives,

commercial banks, regional rural banks – Role of NABARD.

UNIT-IV AGRICULTURAL PRICES POLICY AND MARKETING Agricultural markets and marketing efficiency – Marketing functions and costs –

Market structure and imperfections – Regulated markets – Marketed and

marketable surplus – Behaviour of agricultural prices –State policy with respect to

agricultural marketing – Warehousing – Prices – Taxation and crop insurance –

Terms of trade between agricultural and non-agricultural prices – Need for state

intervention – Objectives of agricultural price policy – Instruments and evaluation

Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) – Food security in India

and public distribution system.

UNIT-V AGRICULTURAL LABOUR

Meaning – Agricultural Labour Enquiries And Their Findings – Finding Of Rural

Enquiries – Causes For Poor Conditions Of Agricultural Labourers – Measures To

Improve The Conditions Of Labour- Unemployment And Under Employment Of

Rural Community.

References:

1. Vaidyanathan, A (2005) The Indian Economy – Crisis, Response and

Prospects, Orient Longmans, New Delhi.

2. Dutt and Sundaram (2008), Indian Economy, S.Chand & Company,

New Delhi

3. Reserve Bank of India (2009), Report of the Agricultural Credit Review

Committee, Reserve Bank of India, Bombay.

4. Mishra S.K.S & PuriV.K., (2008),Indian Economy, Himalaya Publishing

House, New Delhi

5. Bilgrami, S.A.R, (1996), Agricultural Economics, Himalaya Pub. House,

Delhi.

6. Economic Surveys.

7. Memoria C. B., Agricultural Problems of India

8. Government of India, Five Year Plans, New Delhi.

9. . Khusro A.M. (1968) Leading issues in Agricultural Development,

10. Allied Publishers, Bombay

11. Reports of the National Commissions on Agriculture.

12. Reports of the Ministry of Agriculture

13. Economic Surveys- Various Issues.

14. B.p. Tyagi – Agricultural Economics

15. A.N. Sadhu & Singh – Fundamentals of Agricultural Economics

Khalen & Karan Singh – Introduction of Farm Management

Core Course – V

Advanced Macro Economic Theory

Unit - I INTRODUCTION

Circular Flow Of Income In Two, Three And Four Sector Economy – Different

Forms Of National Income Accounting – Social Accounting And Green

Accounting. Flow Of Funds In National Economy – National Products And

Related Concepts – Sectoral Accounts – Measurements And Problems In National

Income Accounting – Use Of Current And Constant Price Indices – Basic

Concepts.

Unit - II CONSUMPTION FUNCTION

Keynes‟ Psychological Law Of Consumption – Non Income Factors Influencing

Consumption Function –Evidence From Cross Sectional, Short Run And Long Run

Data And Studies On Consumption -Theories Of Consumption Function - Keynes

Absolute Income Hypothesis – The Relative Income Hypothesis – Permanent

Income Hypothesis – The Life Cycle Hypothesis .

Unit - III INVESTMENT DEMAND

The Post- Keynesian Approach - The Neo- Keynesian Approach – Lags In

Investment Demand –The Phillips Curve And The Aggregate Supply Curve –

Expectation In Short-Run Phillips Curves – The Friedman And Phelps Argument –

The Shifting Of Short-Run Phillips Curve – The Long-Run Phillips Curve

Investment Function – Components Of Investment – Fixed Investment –

Inventories, Residential Construction – Investment And Interest Rate, Investment

And Expectations. Theories Of Investment – Accelerator Theory – Profit Theory –

Implication Of Investment Spending.

Unit - IV EQUILIBRIUM

Basic Equilibrium in Classical Model – Basic Keynesian Model – Equilibrium in

the Product and Money Markets – Balanced Budget Multiplier – Full Employment

Budget Surplus – The Liquidity Trap – Employment and Wage Rigidity – General

Equilibrium in Goods and Bond Markets.

Unit - V KEYNESIAN AND POST KEYNESIAN APPROACH

Accelerator – Multiplier Keynesian Theory Of Aggregate Supply – Assumption

Of The Labour Market – Aggregate Supply Function – Equilibrium Between

Aggregate Supply And Aggregate Demand Function – Policy Implication.

Classical Macroeconomic Model – Working Of The Labor Market –Aggregate

Supply And Demand Function – Price Output Relationship – Policy Implication –

Neo-Classical And Keynesian Views On Interest – The IS –LM Model– Version

Of Labor Market Behavior – Causes For Stickiness - Menu Cost –Role Of Policies.

References:

1. Mcconnell C.R.&Gupta H.C. (1987) ”Introduction to Macro Economics”,

Tata Mc Graw Hill Delhi

2. Froyen .T.Richard (2001). “Macro Economic Theory and policies “Pearson

Education, Singapore. Asia.

3. Shapiro. C.E (1996), Macro Economic Analysis, Galgotia Publications, New

Delhi.

4. Mankiw, N.G and D.Romer (Eds) (1991) New Keynesian Economics

(2Vols) M.I.T. Press, Cambridge.

5. Heijra, B.J and V.P Fredrick (2001), foundation of modern Macro

Economics Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

6. Black house ,R and A, Salansi (Eds) (2000), Macro economics and the Real

world (2Vols) Oxford University Press, London

Core Course VI

Fiscal Economics

Objectives

It aims to provide analytical capacity to student in public economics in the theory

and practices. To enable students to understand the theoretical aspects of public

Economics and their applications. To understand the importance of government

machinery in the provision of social goods.

Unit - I Public Revenue - Meaning- sources-Tax and Non Tax Revenue - Theory

of Incidence - Alternative concepts of incidence - allocate and equity aspects of

individual taxes - benefit and ability to pay approaches; Theory of optimum

taxation, excess burden of taxes, tradeoff between equity and efficiency.

Unit - II Public Expenditure - Wagner‟s Law of increasing state activities,

Wiseman peacock hypothesis; pure theory of public expenditure; structure of

growth of public expenditure, criteria for public investment, social cost benefit

analysis , project evaluation, estimation of costs, discount rate, reforms in

expenditure budgeting : programme budgeting and Zero based budgeting.

Unit - III Public Debt - Burden of public debt; sources of public debt, Debt

through created money, public borrowings and price level; crowding out of private

investment and activity, principles of debt management and repayment.

Unit - IV Fiscal Federalism - Fiscal federalism in India, vertical and horizontal

imbalance; assignment of function and sources of revenue; constitutional

provision, finance commission and planning commission, Devolution of resources

and grants; resource transfer from union to state; criteria for transfer of resources;

Reports of finance commission in India; problems of states resources and

indebtedness; transfer of resource from union and states to local bodies.

Unit - V Fiscal Policy - Objectives of fiscal policy, full employment, anti

inflation, economic growth, redistribution of income and wealth, Interdependence

of fiscal and Monetary Policies, Fiscal Policy for stabilization, automatic vs

discretionary stabilization, Alternative measures of resource mobilization and their

impact on growth distribution and price, Balanced budget multiplier

References:

1) Atkinson A.B. and J.E. Stiglitz (1980), Lectures of Public Economics, Tata

McGraw Hill, New York.

2) Buchanan J.M. (1970), The Public Finance, Richard D Irwin, Home wood.

3) Goode R. (1986), Government Finance in Developing Countries, Tata McGraw

Hill, New York.

4) Jha R. (1998), Modem Public Economics, Routledge, London.

5) Musgrave, R.A. (1959), The Theory of Public Finance, McGraw Hill,

Kogakhusha, Tokyo.

6) Shoup C.S. (1970), Tax Policy; Handbook, Tax Division, Fiscal Affairs

Department, International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C.

7) Government of India, (1985) , Long Term Fiscal Policy, New Delhi.

8) Chelliah Raja J. et. Al (1981), Trends and Issues in India's Federal Finance

National Institute of Public Finance and policy, New Delhi.

9) Gulati, I.S. (1979), Center- State Financial Relations; an Assessment of the Role

of Finance Commissions, M.S. University of Baroda, Baroda.

10) Lakdawala, D.T. (1967), Union-State Financial Relations; Lalwani Publishing

House, Mumbai.

11) Reports of Various Finance Commissions.

12) Srivastava, D.K. (Ed) (2000), Fiscal Federalism in India, Haranand Publication

Ltd. New Delhi.

13) Bhargava, P.K. (1991) , India's Fiscal Crisis; Ashish Publishing house New

Delhi.

14) Tyagi B.P. (1994), Public Finance, Jai Prakash Nath and co. Meerut.

15. Finance in developed and developing countries, Singh S.K.

16. Public Finance in Theory and practice – Musgrave and Musgrave

17. Public Finance – Monkor

Journals

1. Economic and political weekly.

2. IASSI Quarterly Journal

3. R. B. Bulletin

Core Course IX

Research Methodology

This subjects presents the basics of research, explains the process of carrying out

research and the techniques of presentation of research report. The objectives of

the paper is to prepare students for carrying out research projects, to impart

knowledge on formulation of research problem, framing of hypothesis, to develop

skills in the collection of data and its analysis and to enable the student to acquire

the knowledge on interpretation of results and making research report.

Unit I: Introduction: Meaning of Research – objective and features of research –

need for research, significance- formulating of research problem – Problems faced

by researchers in India- types of research- Research process.

Unit II: Hypothesis and Designs: types, concepts, characteristics of hypothesis-

sources-procedures in testing hypothesis- – Research Design: Pure, Applied,

Action and Evaluation Research. Sampling Design: Probability and non-

probability sampling methods. Measurement and Scaling: types, sources of error

and tests of sound measurement. Scale classification bases-scaling techniques.

Unit III: Sources of Data: Primary and Secondary sources-methods of Data

collection: census and sample survey – Data collection instruments: observation,

interview, schedules and questionnaires, case study method –Secondary data

sources in India-review of literature.

Unit IV: Testing of Hypothesis: Difference between Parametric and non-

parametric tests – Various types of non parametric tests – ANOVA

Unit V: Interpretation and Report Writing: Importance, Techniques and

precautions. Types of reports –Steps in writing a research report – Layout of

research report –Do‟s and Don‟ts in report writing-Preparation of charts, tables and

diagrams- footnotes and bibliography and appendix

References:

1. C.R.Kothari, Research Methodology, Methods and Techniques – Willey

Eastern Ltd., 2010.

2. B.N.Gosh, Scientific Method and Social Research – Sterling Publishers (P)

Ltd., 1992.

3. A.N.Sadhu, Research Methodology and Social sciences – Himalaya

Publishing House.1996.

4. W.J.Goode and P.K.Hatt, ” Methods in Social Research”, Mc Graw Hill

International Edition.

Core COURSE - x

MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

Module I Introduction

Nature and scope – applications of economics to managerial decisions – role and responsibilities of

managerial economists in the emerging corporate scenario.

Module II Demand Forecasting

Demand Forecasting – Interview and survey approach – projections – short term forecasting –

forecasting demand for new products – forecasting methods: survey, time series, Delphi methods.

Module III Pricing objectives and strategies

Types of pricing – Transfer pricing – Full cost pricing – Odd number pricing – peak load pricing – Limit

pricing – price leadership – product line pricing – price discounts – pricing of multi-product firm –

Skimming Vs. Penetration. – Price discrimination – sticky – going-rate pricing – customary pricing –

Mark-up, Mark-down pricing.

Module IV Capital and Profit Management

Capital budgeting – The process – Cash flows and outflows – valuation of future cash flows – present

value – cost of capital – methods of ranking alternative investments – project appraisal – NPV, IRR

Techniques – inventory management – Profit-Measurement – Break even analysis – Profit Policy,

Planning and Forecasting.

Module V International Business Management

International Business environment,Change in overall Macro economic environment for business,–

liberalization and deregulation – Implications for managers.

Study material

1. Gupta, G.S. (1990), Managerial Economics, GUP, New Delhi. 2. Mansfield, Edwin. (1993), Managerial Economics, W.W. Norton & Co., New York. 3. Dominick Salvatore. (1989), Managerial Economics, McGraw Hill, New Delhi. 4. Joel Dean. (1951), Capital Budgeting, Columbia University Press, New York. 5. Dwivedi, D.N. (1980), Managerial Economics, Vikas, New Delhi.

Core Course XI

Human Resource Management

This paper provides wide knowledge about Performance appraisal, training and development,

disciplinary procedures, collective bargaining and employee welfare. The course aims at

introducing the students to various aspects of human resources management.

UNIT- I Evolution of Human Resource Management

The Importance of the Human Factor – Objectives of Human Resource

Management – Functions Role and responsibility of Human Resource Managers –

Human Resource Policies – Understanding business process in the context of

Human Resource Management.– HRM Model-HRM environment in India-

Emerging problems and prospects.

Unit - II Human Resource Planning & Development

Human Resource Planning – Concept and process HR Demand and Supply –

Forecasting methods-Job analysis-Job description – Job specification – Job

evaluation HR action areas- recruitment –selection – Induction placement –

transfer-promotion. Human Resource Development strategies –career planning and

Development-

Unit- III Management of Industrial Relation

Industrial relations-Concept-Importance-Impact of Industrial relations-Evolution

of Industrial Relation System-Employee discipline- Suspension, Dismissal and

Retrenchment-Employee Grievance Handling- Industrial Conflicts-Prevention and

settlement of industrial disputes-Collective bargaining-Concept and importance of

Trade Unions in India. Orientation & Training: Orienting the employees, the

training process, need analysis, TrainingTechniques special purpose training,

Training via the internet. Performance appraisal: Methods - Problem and solutions

- MBO approach - The appraisal interviews - Performance appraisal in practice.

Unit - IV International and Strategic of HRM

International HRM –Approaches and problems – Impact of Globalization on HRM

functions- Comparative HRD- International experience-Strategic HR Planning –

Role of HR Managers -Future strategies of HR. Establishing Pay plans: Basics of

compensation - factors determining pay rate – Current Trends in compensation -

Job evaluation - Computerized job evaluation. Pay for performance and Financial

incentives: Money and motivation - incentives for operations employees and

executives - Organization wide incentive plans - Practices in Indian Organizations.

Statutory benefits - non-statutory (voluntary) benefits – Insurance Benefits -

retirement benefits and other welfare measures to build employee commitment.

Unit - V Industrial relation and collective bargaining

Trade unions - Collective bargaining - future of trade unionism. Discipline

administration - grievances handling - managing dismissals and Separation .Labour

Welfare: Importance & Implications of labour legislations - Employee health -

Auditing functions, Future of HRM function.

REFERENCES

1. Gary Dessler, "Human Resource Management", Seventh edition, Prentice-Hall

of India.Ltd. Pearson.

2. H.John Bernardin & Joyee E.A.Russel, Human Resource Management - An

experiential approach, 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill International Edition., 2007

3. David A. DeCenzo & Stephen P.Robbins, Personnel/Human Resource

Management, Third edition, PHI/Pearson.

4. VSP Rao, Human Resource Management: Text and cases, First edition, Excel

Books, New Delhi - 2000.

5. Decenzo and Robbins, Human Resource Management, Wiley, 6th Edition, 2001.

6. Biswajeet Pattanayak, Human Resource Management, Prentice Hall of India,

2001.

7. Eugene McKenna and Nic Beach, Human Resource Management, Pearson

Education Limited, 2002.

8. Dessler, Human Resource Management, Pearson Education Limited, 2002.

9. De Cenzo & Robbins, Personnel/Human Resource Management, 3rd (PHI)

10.McKenna & Beach, The Essence of Human Resource Management (PHI)

11. Berdwell/Holden, Human Resource Management A Contemporary Perspective

(Macmillan)

Core Course - XII

Industrial Economics

This course intends to provide knowledge to the students on the basic issues such

as productivity, efficiency, capacity utilization and about the economics of industry

in a cogent and analytical manner, particularly in the Indian context and debates

involved in the industrial development of India. It motivates the students to

become an entrepreneur.

Unit - I Industrial Growth in India

Classification of Industries - Role of Public & Private Sectors - Recent trends in

Indian Industrial growth - MNCs - Liberalization & Privatization - concentration of

Economic Power - Environmental Preservation - Pollution control policies.

Industrial economic concentration and remedial measures, Special Economic

Zones - (SEZs)

Unit - II Industrial Productivity and Industrial Policies

Measurement of Productivity- Scope and significance- Tools of productivity-

Factors influencing industrial productivity- Labour productivity- Determinants of

labour productivity- Productivity movement in India. Industrial Policies- 1948 to

till date- Concentration of Economic Power- Measurement of concentration-

Consequences-MRTP-FERA-FEMA- LPG Policies-Industrial Combinations.

Unit - III Industrial Finance

Sources of Industrial Finance. Role of IFCI, SFCs, SIDBI, Commercial Banks.

Financial Statements – Balance sheet, profit and loss account, assessment of

financial soundness, Foreign Capital and Collaborations.

Unit - IV Industrial Labour-Structure of Industrial Labour, employment

dimensions in Indian industries. Labour legislations and Industrial relations,

Labour market reforms, Exit policy and social Security. Impact of economic

reforms on Labour market.

UNIT - V Balanced Regional Development

Need For Balanced Regional Development Indicators Of Regional Imbalance-

Distribution Of Industries-Causes Of Economic Backwardness-Criteria For

Industrial Backwardness-Identification Of Industrial Backward Areas Policy

Measures To Remove Regional Disparities. Problems In Large Scale Industries.

Industrial Sickness- Regional Imbalances In Industrial Growth.

References

1. Ahuluwalia, I.J (1985), Industrial Growth in India, Oxford University press, New

Delhi

2. Barthwal.R.R (2006) Industrial Economics, New Age International Publishers, New

Delhi

3 Cherunilam F (1994) Industrial Economics: Indian perspective Himalaya Publishing

House, Mumbai

4. Desai, B. (1999), Industrial Economy in India, Himalaya publishing House, Mumbai.

5. Hay, D, and D.J.Morris (1979) Industrial Economics: Theory and Evidence. Oxford

University Press, New Delhi.

6. Singh, A. and A.N. Sadhu (1988) Industrial Economics Himalaya publishing House,

Mumbai.

Core Course - XIV

Demography

The main objective of this paper is to make the students aware of the importance of population in

economic development and the various theories that explain the growth of population in a

country. The paper also enlightens the student on the quantitative and the qualitative aspects and

characteristics of the population through various demographic techniques.

UNIT-I POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Meaning and scope of demography - components of population growth and their

interdependence - Measures of population change - Structure, distribution and

sources of population data - Theories of population – Malthus, Optimum theory of

population - Theory of Demographic Transition – Views of Meadows, Enke and

Simon - Population and development - Study of census in India – Methodology

and characteristics of census - Nature of information collected in 1971, 1981, 1991

and 2001 census in India.

UNIT-II STRUCTURE OF POPULATION

Population trends in the twentieth century - Population explosion – Threatened or

real, distant or imminent international aspects of population growth and

distribution - Pattern of age and sex structure in more developed and less

developed countries - Determinants of age and sex structure - Demographic

effects of sex and age structure, economic and social implications - Age pyramids

and projections – Individual aging and population aging.

UNIT-III FERTILITY, NUPTIALITY AND MORTALITY

Importance of study of fertility – Total fertility rate, Gross reproduction rate and

net reproduction rate - Levels and trends of fertility in more and less developed

countries - Factors affecting fertility –Nuptiality – Concept and analysis of marital

status, single mean age at marriage - Synthetic cohort methods - Trends in age at

marriage - Mortality – Death rates, crude and age-specific - Mortality at birth and

infant mortality rate - levels and trends in more and less developed countries - Sex

and age pattern of mortality - Factors for decline in mortality in recent past -

Methods of population projection.

UNIT-IV MIGRATION AND URBANIZATION

Concept and types – Temporary, internal and international - International

migration –Its effect on population growth and pattern - Factors affecting

migration - Theories of migration related to internal migration - Urbanization –

Growth and distribution of rural-urban population in developed and developing

countries.

UNIT-V POPULATION POLICY IN INDIA

Evolution of population policy in India – The shift in policy from population

control to family welfare, to women empowerment - Family planning strategies

and their outcomes - Reproductive health, maternal nutrition and child health

policies - Population and strategies for human development of different social

groups - social impact of new reproductive technologies and their regulation - The

new population policy, Tasks before the National Population Commission.

References:

1. Choubey, P. K. (2000), Population Policy in India, Kanishka Publications,

New Delhi.

2. Agarwala, S. N. (1972), India's Population Problem, Tata McGraw Hill Co.,

Bombay.

3. Srinivasan, K. and A. Shariff (1998), India: Towards Population and

Demographic Goals, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

4. Dutt and Sundaram (2008), Indian Economy, S.Chand & Company,

New Delhi

5. Census of India.

6. Economic surveys.

7. S.N.Agarwal: India‟s population problem – Tata Mc Graw –Hill Co. Bombay.

8. Bhende, Asha A. and Kanitkar Tara (2000), Principles of Population Studies,

Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.