GRAINS

GRAINS

Major food supply all over the world because•Easy to grow & store

•Low in cost compared to other foods

•High energy value

What Type of Grains are We Encouraged

to Eat ??

Fiber & Minerals

Vit. B & E, Iron &Essential Fatty Acids

ComplexCarbohydrates

Whole Grains Contain all 3 parts except hull

Refined Grains

Bran & Germ Removed

What Nutrients are you Missing?

What Types of Grains Do You Know?

Think of cereals you eat.

Wheat

What is typically made from wheat ?

All Different Types of Flours !

Wheat Flour

• Whole wheat – made from grinding entire kernel• All-Purpose – processed blend of different types,

primarily endosperm, most common in baking• Bleached – whiter • Cake – very soft wheat used creating fine, silky

texture• Self-rising- leavening agents added• Bread – hard wheat with high gluten (protein) • Durum – (semolina) used for pasta & very dense,

tough bread

What does wheat contain that some people must avoid ??

• Gluten – protein (in wheat, barley & rye) which strengthens and binds dough

• Immune reaction which inflames small intestines – Celiac disease

• Eventually, the decreased absorption of nutrients that occurs with celiac disease causes vitamin deficiencies that deprive your brain, peripheral nervous system, bones, liver and other organs of vital nourishment

• Corn

Rice

Types of Rice

• White – Bran & Germ removed; all fiber & most vitamins & iron removed during processing

• Brown – Whole grain, more fiber, minerals & vitamins

• Instant – Pre-cooked to reduce cooking time-Can be brown or white

• Oats

• Barley R**

Rye

• Millet

Whole Grains

Refined Grains

one cup one slice half cup cooked

Nutritional Value of Grains

- Whole Grains Best Choice !!!!-Excellent Source of Complex Carbohydrates, Fiber, Iron & Vitamin B, Vitamin E-Low in Fat

-You require 6 ounces a dayWhat is one ounce ???

Terms to Know

• Whole grains -- contains all parts of grain—therefore all the nutrients possible

• Refined – Bran & Germ removed, nutrients lost during manufacturing the product and to increase its shelf life

• Enriched – Some of the nutrients are replaced that have been removed during the refining process

• Fortified – Nutrients are added that were never present naturally- Calcium added to Orange Juice