grammar 101 woo hoo! parts of speech the “math” of english at/h english 9a 2013
TRANSCRIPT
The 8 Parts of Speech
• Noun
• Verb
• Pronoun
• Adjective
• Adverb
• Preposition
• Interjection
• Conjunction
Noun
• noun - a person, thing, place, OR IDEA!!
EX: mother, apple, love, group, or valley. – Proper (New York)– Common (mouse)– Collective (class)– Concrete (table)– Abstract (beauty)
PROPER NOUNS
• A proper noun always starts with a capital letter.
• EX: Jacob, United Nations, The Lion King, Africa, Tower of London, Uncle Peter
COMMON NOUNS
A common noun is the word used for a class of person, place or thing.
EX: car, boy, bridge, town, water
COLLECTIVE NOUNS
• A collective noun is the word used for a group (or collection) of people or things.
EX: choir, team, jury, band, class
CONCRETE NOUNS
• A concrete noun names a person, place or thing that can be perceived by one or more of the senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell).
• Examples: photograph, music, pears, sandpaper, rose, Brooklyn Bridge
ABSTRACT NOUNS
An abstract noun names an idea, feeling, quality or characteristic
• Examples: love, fun, freedom, self-esteem, beauty, honor, wisdom, Buddhism
Some practice:
Erica has high hopes for the future.
What are the nouns?Which ones are
abstract/concrete/proper/common? Can they be more than both??
• An adjective is a word that modifies and describes (tells about a noun)
– Think colorful, descriptive words
• A green bike
• A huge grapefruit
Adjective
Verb
• A verb is a type of word that describes an action or a state of being.
EX: wiggle, walk, run, jump, be, do, have, or think.
Action Linking Being
Something you do
Cry, kiss, talk, eat
Connector
Feel, appear, grow, smellhear
Forms of “is” and “are”
Have been, were, is, am, was, be, being, been
Types of Verbs
Adverb
• An adverb is a word that tells "how," "when," "where," or "how much.”
Ex:
easily, warmly, quickly, mainly, freely, often, and unfortunately.
These OFTEN, but do not always end in –ly
Pronoun
• A pronoun is a substitute for a noun.
Some pronouns are: I, me, she, hers, he, him, it, you, they, them, etc.
Preposition
• A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of one object to another (in terms of space, time, or positioning).
The words above, near, at, by, after, with and from are prepositions.
BEE and the BOX
Interjection
• An interjection is a word that expresses emotion. An interjection often starts a sentence but it can be contained within a sentence or can stand alone.
Examples:
Oh! Wow! Ugh! Hurray! Eh! and Ah!
Conjunction
• A conjunction is a word that joins other words, phrases, clauses or sentences.
Some conjunctions are: and, as, because, but, or, since, so, until, and while.
***FANBOYS – always use a comma when connecting two independent clauses