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Graph Data Management Lab, School of Computer Science

GDM@FUDAGDM@FUDANN

gdm.fudan.edu.cngdm.fudan.edu.cn

XMLSnippet: A Coding Assistant for XML Configuration Snippet Recommendation

34th Annual IEEE Computer Software and Applications Conference, Izmir, Turkey, 16-20 July, 2012

Sheng Huang, Yiqi Lu, Yanghua Xiao and Wei Wang

School of Computer ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai, China

XMLSnippet: A Coding Assistant for XML

Configuration SnippetRecommendation

Yu Wang,IBM China Research Lab

Shanghai, China


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2XMLSnippet: A Coding Assistant for XML Configuration Snippet Recommendation


Outline Motivation Solution Evaluation Conclusion


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Framework-based programming Framework-based programming

• XML configuration file• Client code

• Example: Action class and struts-config.xml

Programmers need to accurately configure many xml files during the development of a large application based on frameworks

• Example: Struts, Spring, iBatis

Errors in XML configuration file leads to:

• Fatal consequence: runtime fault or application failure


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Prons and cons Prons:

• Simplify implementation• Make programs more structural• High productivity of development

Cons:• Complex• Lack of documentation

Consequences:• Incorrect and inefficient usage of the frameworks in the coding

phase• Defects are easily introduced into the software


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Problems

login

<form id=“LoginForm" action=“LoginFormAction" > <input name=“userName" value="<s:property value=userName'/>"> <input name=“pwd" value="<s:property value=‘pwd'/>" ></form>

Class LoginAcion implement Action { IResultMsg login(String username, String pwd){….}}

LoginAction.java

Login.jsp

<action path=“/LoginFormAction" type=“LoginAction“ method=“Login” <forward name=“success” result=“List.jsp”> </action>……

struts-config.xml

Client code:

Want to finish configuration file:

Problem: can we recommend XML configuration snippets automatically?


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Previous worksPrevious approaches

XML schema

templates

File Context

Code snippets

1. Schema based approach 2. Other code recommending approach

1 2

Code repositories

Association rule mining

Code snippets

Our approach

1 n

Open source code repositories

…Frequent Tree pattern mining

Code snippets


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Challenges Diversity of frameworks

• Struts, Spring, iBatis……

Structural complexity of XML configuration file• Tree structure

• Elements, attributes,….

Semantic mapping between xml configuration files and client codes


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Our Contribution A xml snippet recommendation solution

• Mine reusable XML patterns• XML code assistance by three queries

• Type query, Structural Query and Context query

An eclipse plug-in• XMLSnippet:

http://gdm.fudan.edu.cn/Wiki.jsp?page=XMLSnippet

Extensive evaluation of our tool


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Demo

1. Type Query(TQ)The query to get the recommendation of one specific type of framework as the initial content of an empty XML document. 2. Structural Query(SQ)The query to get the subtree recommendation according to the position of the current cursor in the XML document under editing.3. Context Query(CQ)The query to get the sample reference to help programmers to input the context sensitive attribute/element values.

<?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”ISO-8859-1”?> <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.1//EN" "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_1.dtd"> <struts-config>

</struts-config>

Blank file<?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”ISO-8859-1”?> <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.1//EN" "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_1.dtd"> <struts-config> <action-mapping> <action path=“ ” type=“ “ scope=“ “> <forward name=“ “ result=“ “/> </action>

</action-mapping></struts-config>

struts-config.xml


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XMLSnippet Approach Offline mining

Online query


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XMLSnippet Approach


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Frequent tree pattern mining Input: XML code repository

Objective:• mines XML repository to generate snippets

Apply frequent subtree mining algorithm [Chi and Xia, TKDE 05] to get frequent pattern

Use Trie to index result


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Frequent tree pattern mining

Build candidate subtree setfrom root element

Grows the subtree pattern

Keep candidates whosefrequency are larger thanthreshold

Return the result frequentsubtree patterns

Result Map

Class

Result Map

Result

Result Map

Class Result

Result Map

Class Result

Result

Column Property

Pattern-growth method


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XMLSnippet Approach


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Source code indexing Build a Prefix tree to

index all root-to-leaf-node paths in frequent tree patterns• To fast answer SQ

and CQ according to the editing prefix

Each node in the prefix tree corresponds to a root-to-leaf-node paths in the tree pattern.


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What to evaluate?

1. Generality: Could the tool be applied to different frameworks?

2. Effectiveness: Could the tool produce reusable snippets to shorten the programming cycle?

3. Usability: Is the tool useful for programmers with different skill levels?

4. Efficiency: Could the tool mine frequent tree patterns, build index and propose reusable snippets efficiently?


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Test project The test project is a simple book store

management project including the basic CRUD (Create, Retrieval, Update, and Delete) functions.

Programmers under evaluation


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RQ1: Generality Generality. Could the tool be applied to different frameworks?


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RQ2 & RQ3: Effectiveness and Usability 3 tasks:

• Task 1: Initialize Web.xml for the target application• Task 2: Construct the Struts_Config.xml• Task 3: Construct the iBATIS configuration xml files

Evaluation result


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RQ4: Efficiency Could the tool mine frequent tree patterns, build index and propose reusable snippets efficiently?


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Outline Problem Example XMLSnippet approach Evaluation Conclusion


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Conclusion Propose a method to recommend reusable XML

snippets to help programmers configure XML files• Key technique：

• close frequent tree mining• prefix tree based indexing

Future work:• Value recommendation• Online version of XMLSnippet


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THANK YOU!

Q/A


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Frequent used attribute and element

combination will be recommended together for SQ in XMLSnippet


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In order to finish the same task as XMLSnippet do in on step, the Eclipse

XMLEditor needs several steps….

Step 1 Add Element “Action”


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Step 2 Add Child Element “forward” of Element Action


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Step 3 Add attribute “type”


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Step 3 Add attribute “scope”


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