graphics hardware trends
DESCRIPTION
graphics. CPU. network. performance. time. Graphics Hardware Trends. Faster development than Moore’s law Double transistor functions every 6-12 months Driven by game industry Improvement of performance and functionality Multi-textures - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
Graphics Hardware Trends • Faster development than Moore’s law
– Double transistor functions every 6-12 months – Driven by game industry
• Improvement of performance and functionality– Multi-textures– Pixel operations (transparency, blending, pixel shaders)– Geometry and lighting modifications (vertex shaders)
time
perf
orm
ance
network
graphics CPU
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
Transistor Functions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
9/97 3/98 9/98 3/99 9/99 3/00 9/00 3/01time (month/year)
tran
sist
ors
(mill
ions
)
Riva 128 (3M)
NVIDIA GeForce3 (57M) ATI Radeon 8500 (60M)
9/01 3/02
70
80
90
100ATI Radeon 9700 Pro (110M)
NVIDIA GeForce FX 5800 (125M)
NVIDIA GeForce4 (63M)
9/02 3/03
110
120
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
Typical GPU Characteristics
Brand
Transistors
Technology
Clock rate
Mem bandwidth
Fill rate (peak)
Pixel pipelines
Textures per unit
FSAA
Bits per channel
Tri transform (peak)
Tris (3Dmark)
Vertex shaders
ATI Radeon 9800 P
107 M
0.15 micron
380 MHz
22 GB/s
3 GPixel/s
8
8
6 x 18 Gsample/s
10
380 M
19 M
4
NVIDIA GeForceFX 5900 U
130 M
0.13 micron
450 MHz
27 GB/s
1.8/3.6 GPixel/s
4/8
16
4 x 27 Gsample/s
10
315 M
28 M
4+Source: www.tomshardware.com
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
Modern Scientific Visualization
• Traditional plotting techniques are not appropriate for visualizing the huge datasets resulting from • computer simulations (CFD, physics, chemistry, ...)• sensor measurements (medical, seismic, satellite, …)
• Map abstract data onto graphical representations• Try to use colorful 3D raster graphics in
• expressive still images• recorded animations• interactive visualizations
„To see the unseen“
„The purpose of computing is insight not numbers“
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
sensors data basessimulation
raw data
vis data
renderable representations
visualizations images videos
geometry:
• lines
• surfaces
• voxels
attributes:
• color
• texture
• transparency
filter
render
map
interaction
visualization pipeline classification
1D
3D
2D
scalar vector tensor/MV
volume rend. isosurfaces
height fields color coding
stream ribbonstopology
arrows LIC
attribute symbols
glyphs icons
different grid types different algorithms
3D scalar fields Cartesian
(eg. medical datasets)
3D vector fields un/structured
(eg. CFD)
trees, graphs, tables, data bases
InfoVis
Visualization Pipeline and Classification
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
GPU and Visualization Pipeline
• Renderer– Texture-based techniques (e.g., for volume rendering)– Large textured terrain height fields
• Mapper– Classification in volume rendering– Integrate ray segments (in unstructured volumes)– Integrate particle traces (in flow fields)– Assign color and transparency for NPR
• Filtering– Data filtering in graphics memory – Compression/decompression (of textures)
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
Visualization of Volumetric Data
• Direct volume rendering of scalar fields
• Flow visualization in 3D• Focus on regular grids
Interactive Visualization of Volumetric Data on Consumer PC Hardware:Introduction Daniel Weiskopf
Visualization of Volumetric Data