A. G. KRASSANAKIS

GREEKNATION

THE ORIGIN AND RACES OF GREEK {HELLENIC) NATION

TRANSLATION IN ENGLISHBY ART PERDIKIS

ATHENS 2008

FIRST TIMES IN GREECE - BARBARIAN RACES( Pelasgeans, Danaeans, Kadmeians, Kares,

Phoenicians and others races)

According to the Pario chronicle and to the ancient writers: Ekataios Milisios, Stravon 7, 321, Thoukydedis (A, 3 - 9, Herodotus History A 54 - 58, Isokrates_ Panathinaikos, Helen’s Eulogy 68 - 69, Diodorus_1, 23-24 and 28-29, M Extract 3, Plato (Menexenos, 245c-d and others (we see they report that):1. Initially, because agriculture was not yet known (the seeds, the ploughs, etc.) and the instruments of security (the arms and the army), there were no permanent residents nor borders, nations, states, Greeks, barbarians etc., but simply various races (the so called Pelasgeans, Kares, Phoenicians, Danaeans, and others), who lived in a migratory way, that is in a manner of speaking as animals, to find sources of food, thereby, whenever and wherever the most powerful group went would chase away those it would find there so as to exploit for itself whatever resources existed.2. In Greece initially lived various races (sects) with the so called Pelasgeans being by far the most numerous, and for that reason Greece initially was called Pelasgia. It is said that, the Pelasgeans were the first people that inhabited Greece and for this reason they were considered natives (endemic). Subsequent to them migrated into Greece from Egypt the so called Danaeans and Kadmeians or Thebans. After them came the Eumolpides, Pelopes, and others. These people were called epilydes (from the prefix epi + come, came, etc.) in relation to the native (endemic) Pelasgeans, because they came into Greece after the Pelasgeans.

Specifically:a) In 1500 B.C., they say, in Egypt there was a burst of pestilent (infectious) illnesses (the 7 plagues, according to the Old Testament) and the local people attributed it to the impious foreigners. In order to avoid the wrath of the local people, the immigrants who lived in Egypt left and went to other parts of the world. The Jews under the leadership of Moses went to Judea. The Phoenicians (who lived in Thebes of Egypt, and thus Thebans, and who had gone there from the Red Sea) under the leadership of Aginoras went to the western seashore of Asia and specifically to the country which was named after them, Phoenicia. From there, afterwards, a part of them under the leadership of Kadmos (from whom, Kadmeians or Thebans) went to Voiotia where they founded the city-state Kadmeia or Thebes (named Thebes in remembrance of the Egyptian city Thebes and Kadmeia in honor of Kadmos).The Danaeans with boats under the leadership of Danaos (from which Danaeans) by way of Rhodes went to Argos of Peloponnesus. When they arrived there they clashed with the residents of Argos, who were Achaeans in origin. However, because Gelanor, king of the Argeians, on account of the fact that he did not have a son as his successor, and because it did not appear he has the military capabilities for an Argeian victory, the Argeians finally decided to call Danaos for

a peace accord and to also share the kingship. This is also the reason that afterwards in the “Trojan War”, Argeians (=Achaeans, the residents of Argos) were also called Achaeans and Danaeans and Argeians and as an extension of them and all the other Greeks. b) A few years before the Trojan War, Pelops (the son of the king of Frygia) with Frygians left from Asia Minor and went to Peloponnesus in order to participate and compete in the games organized by the king of Mycenae, and the winner of which would marry his daughter. Because Pelops lost in the competition, he did not want to return to his homeland and through deceit occupied the throne of Mycenae and subsequently all Peloponnesus, and thus from him derived the name. That is to say Peloponnesus = island of Pelops. Peloponnesus before Pelops was called Argos as an extension of the city Argos and was inhabited by races of the so called Achaeans, and thus Argeians = Achaeans = Peloponnesians. Under this situation, the Mycinaeans were divided in their allegiance, some recognized as their king Pelops, and others the local king (the descendant of Perseus = founder of Mycenae). The grandson of Pelops, Agamemnon seeing the barbarians coming into Greece and committing pillages, crimes and creating colonies (i.e. Kadmeians or Thebans from the Kaspian Sea came to Voiotia and built Thebes, the Danaeans from Egypt had come and lived as immigrants in Argos, etc.) and the Mycenaeans, and in general all Greeks, not being able to ward off the barbarians was able to unite the two scepters of the Mycenaeans (that is to say, he united the Pelopes with the Achaean Mycenaeans into a single total unit, with a single king) and made Mycenae the first power of the ancient world. Then, he summoned the other relative Greek city-states, such as (Cretans, Athenians, etc.) for a common campaign against Troy, because the Trojans with other barbarians were coming into Greece and abducting the women and the possessions and estates of the Greeks. The final reason for the Trojan campaign (known as “Trojan War”) was the abduction of beautiful Helen, wife of the king of Sparta Menelaos, by the prince of Troy. According to the Pario chronicle, the Trojan War took place in (954 - 945 prior to Diognetus) = 1218 - 1209 B.C.

3. First time that seeds were planted and since then began the development of agriculture was the year 1410 B.C. in Eleusis by Demetra (thereafter declared goddess), although the last migration of populations into Greece for the purpose of finding better living conditions occurred 80 years after the “Trojan War”, that is to say sometime in 1110 B.C., and it was the called “The Descent of the Dorians” with the Herculeans. Since then, it is said, migrations ceased and finally Greece began to prosper and to create colonies.

THE GREEK (HELLENIC) NATION

The ancient writer Herodotus report that initially Greece was the residence of barbarians and at some point in time first the Dorians separated from the barbarian Pelasgeans and created a separate nation, the Greek. In this nation afterwards adhered all the Pelasgeans (= Iones or Athenians, Aioleans or Thessalians, and others), as well as a lot of other barbarians (the Danaeans, the Pelopes, the Kadmeians or Thebans, and others), that is: “The Greek nation since its inceptiond, the same language has always been spoken, that is my conviction, since however it separated from the Pelasgean, weak then and in the beginning small, it grew larger later and mupltiplied in nations, since adhered to it mainly the Pelasgeans, but also very many other barbaric races .....” (Herodotos_ A, 57 - 58).

CRETAN STAGE AND MINOAN CIVILIZATION

According to ancient writers: Plato (Minoas, Laws), Plutarch (Lycurgus, Solon,), D. Laertios (Epimenedis), Isocrates (Panathenaikos), Aristotle (Politics B, 1271, 10), Stravon (Geographics I, IV, C 481 - 483,17 - 20), Herodotus (A 65), Isocrates (Panathenaikos), and others:A) During Minoa’s reign came the Kares and Phoenicians and occupied the islands of the Aegean that up to that time were uninhabited and henceforth committing crimes and robbing the

Greeks. Under these circumstances, Minoas conceives and creates a maritime martial navy, the first such naval force in the world, and uses it to drive away from the islands of the Aegean the criminal Kares and Phoenicians. As a result of the above-mentioned actions, Minoas becomes master of the seas, frees up the marine corridors and thus enables the Greeks to commute by sea, to trade amongst themselves, to deal with naval activities and marine type of work, to gain wealth and to establish cities (permanent residence for the people he brought to the islands from Crete, which before could not be done because of the predatory, piratical and criminal activities of the thieves and pirates who lived there).B) The first great, important civilization (culture) created on earth was the Minoan. It is said; the first time that a city was conceived, organized and created was in Crete during the time of Minoas. Minoas with the help of his brother Radamanthys united and unified into a single totally comprehensive societal unit the various city- states of Crete (Gortyna, Kydonia, Lykasto, etc) with capital the city Knossos. They conceived, organized and implemented the institutions of the state, such as (schools, community of property, public mess, laws and the constitution, etc) for the correct governing of the Cretan public. Result of the state organized by Minoas was the creation of the first civilization in the world, known today as the Minoan civilization, which subsequently was copied by all Greeks and not only. The Cretan laws were copied first by the Spartans, the lawmaker Lykourgos, and afterwards by the Athenians, the lawmaker Solon and the help of Epimenedis, and Romans the lawmaker Noma, and others.It is said that during the time period of Minoas were conceived the following: the constitution, the Parliament, the senators and representatives, the laws on the social and political administration, business transactions, tax collectors, etc. Of course because the laws of Minoas were for the first time conforming with the principles “on justice or divine sentiment”, etc., the Minoan laws were declared divine. This is also the reason that Minoas and Radamanthys after their death were deified and declared semigods, sons of god Zeus and judges at the Hades of the Greeks (something similar to Alexander The Great, Constantine The Great, and others) or that it was said that Minoas took the laws directly from god Zeus on mount Dikti (something similar to Moses on mount Sina, etc.).Prior to Minoas in all the world each king, it is said, did whatever pleased him or made laws according to his will and own personal interest, named the leaders of the races, the tribes, the head of state depending upon his own preference and intelligence, which is also the reason that the Greeks did not recognize any other culture worthy to talk about except only the Minoan civilization, and they would say, “everyone not Greek is barbarian”. (For more information and sources, see the book CRETAN HISTORY, A. Krasanakis).

TROJAN WAR THE WAR OF GREEKS - BARBARIANS

Thoukydedis (3 - 9) reports that the first common collaboration of the Greeks was the “Trojan War”, and that until the “Trojan War” the separation in “Greek” and “barbarian”, did not exist, otherwise it would have been reported by Homer. This separation came into being after the “Trojan War” and forward. Before the “Trojan War” “Greece - Greeks” were called only those whose origin was from the city-region “Greece”, which together with “Fthia” comprised the state of Pileas and had as their leader in the “Trojan War” Achilles. After the “Trojan War” the name Greece was extended (spread) and it included almost all southern Greece or more properly as many regions (Thessaly, Mainland Greece, Peloponnesus, Crete, etc.). The army campaigned in Troy. The extension of the name “Greece”, it is said, took place because after the “Trojan War”, during the reign of King Hellene, the city-region Greece became the most powerful and thus it was to their interest for all those others who spoke the same language to say that they also were Greeks.

In the Olympic games (games that participated only Greeks and their official beginning date is considered to be 776 B.C.) the name “Greece - Greeks” was also extended to the other friendly

campaigning regions (= Macedonia, Hepeiros, etc.), regardless whether or not they took part in the “Trojan War”. Thus the name Greece and Greeks from local became general in nature. That is to say, the national name Greece - Greek derived from the city-state Greece, as we say, i.e. today, province Lassithi and prefecture Lassithi, city Larissa and prefecture Larissa, etc. At the same time the name Greece and Greeks also meant the civilized, he who is educated, because the Greeks were distinguished for this. Isocrates states, Greeks are those who possess Greek education and not those whose origin is Greek, while barbarians are those that do not have our Greek training.

It is also noted that:1) According to all mythologies, all people, all populations on earth are brothers, children of a single family. According to Greek mythology: Hesiod_(Catalogue of women, Work and Days), Apollodoros_ (Mythological library), and others, the current people are descendants of a human couple, Defkalion and Pandora, that create sometime ago from clay god Prometheus in Fthia, to which in order to bring to life, Prometheus rammed into their bodies a cane which contained divine fire that he stole from the gods (here, implied are the veins to which flow the blood and lifer of a person).According to the Egyptian mythology,(Diodoros_ 1, 10), the first human couple in the world sprang up in the Nile, because there, he says, the temperature is hot and the land much more fruitful than elsewhere, and that from this human couple descended all current people.According to Jewish mythology, the current people are descendants of the human couple, Adam and Eve, that God molded sometime ago from clay in paradise, and which, in order to take life, God puffed air in their face (here, implied is the breathing of person).In addition, the Greeks and the Jews say that sometime ago (in 1600 B.C., according to the Pario Chronicle, during the reign of king Defkalion in Greece there occurred a great flood from which all people drowned except a couple, Defkalion and his wife according to the Greeks or Noah and his wife according to the Jews, who were saved in an ark and that from this couple descended all current people.According to writer Hesiod_(Catalogue of Women), the children of Zeus and Pandora, daughter of Defkalion were Graikos, Magnis, Makedon and Hellene, and children of Hellene were Doros, Aiolos, Xoythos, etc.2) Because Attica was never inhabited by Pelopes, Danaeans and Kadmeians, the races that came later into Greece from the endemic (Pelasgeans, and others, but only inhabited in Peloponnesus, where Sparta was, and in Voiotia where Kadmeia or Thebes was, and also because the Thebans and Spartans some times allied with the barbaric Persians in order to rule the Greeks (the Spartans, in addition, had conquered and occupied the Achaeans of Messinia and made them slaves, because they did not want to recognize as their kings the Herculeans), the Athenian orators and writers (Plato, Isocrates, and others) proclaimed that the Athenians were the best, and most genuine and pure Greeks and for that reason they should rule the Greeks and not the Spartans or Thebans.3) The Danaeans took part in the “Trojan War”, because they had already been incorporated peacefully with the Achaeans. Contrarily, the Kadmeians or Thebans did not take part in the “Trojan War” and during the Persian wars did not participate with the other Greeks, because they were of barbaric origin, according to Herodotus. Thebes was completely destroyed from its foundations by Alexander The Great, because it wanted to rule the Greeks with the help of the Persians, which is exactly what the pure, genuine Greeks did not want.

CONCLUSION:A. According to our ancestors there never existed an “Indo-European” race from which descent the Greeks, Latinas etc., and the various other races from which the other populations descended, as it is falsely stated. For them one is the human type, the descendants of Defkalion, according to the Greeks or the descendants of Noah, according to the Jews. Simply, through the

passage of time, the various groups of people developed a different language, as well as different education and training, customs and traditions, religion, etc. (= the acquired attributes, as they are called today).Β. The only difference that the ancient Greeks believed existed between them and the other populations was in education and training (education-training, and customs and traditions). This distinction was something as “giaous” (= the faithless: Greek, Italians, etc.) and Turks or Muslims (= faithful of Allah).C. The Greeks do not descend from the Urals, as it is falsely stated, but it is a population that was constituted by many races (sects), however the main were from the endemic, native Pelasgeans. The other races that had come into Greece were: some from Asia (= Pelopes or Frygeans, etc.), others from Africa (= Kadmeians or Thebans and Danaeans), and others from Thrace (Eumolpides, etc.).

2. GREECE IS THE FIRST CIVILIZED NATION

THE MINOAN CIVILIZATION IS THE FIRST AMONG THE GREEK CULTURESAND THE FIRST CIVILIZATION CREATED IN HUMAN HISTORY

The Pario chronicle and the ancient writers: Plato (Laws, Minoas), Plutarch (Lykourgos 4-7, Solon 12 - 20), D. Laertios (Epimenides), Aristotle (Politics B, 1271, 10), Stravon (Geographics I, IV, C 481 - 483,17 - 20), Herodotus (A 65), Isocrates (Panathenaikos) etc, report that:

A) When Minoas became king of the Achaean and Dorian Cretans in the island of Crete with the help of his brother Radamanthys, he united (unified) the cities and races of all Crete (Eteocretans, Kydonians, Pelasgeans, Achaeans and Dorians) into a single, totally comprehensive societal unit, and organized in a highly unusual way for this period in history the institutions of the State, the “Eminent Cretan State” (or "Confederation of the Cretans") which subsequently was copied by all Greeks and thus they became civilized and progressed. Capital (Seat) of the united kingdom for the Cretan State was designated the city of Knossos.The state of the Cretans created by Minoas and Radamanthys was later copied first by the Spartans and shortly thereafter by the Athenians. The Spartans for this purpose sent to Crete the legislator (lawmaker) Lykourgos and reciprocally invited to come to Sparta the lawmaker and poet Thaletas of Knossos. The Athenians for the same purpose also sent to Crete their legislator (lawmaker) Solon and reciprocally invited to come to Athens the Cretan Wiseman, Epimenides.

B) During Minoa’s reign came the Kares and Phoenicians and occupied the islands of the Aegean that up to that time were uninhabited and henceforth committing crimes and pillages against the Greeks. Under these circumstances, Minoas conceives and creates a maritime, martial navy, the first such naval force in the world, and uses it to drive away from the islands of the Aegean the criminal Kares and Phoenicians. As a result of the above-mentioned actions, Minoas becomes master of the seas, frees up the marine corridors and thus enables the Greeks to commute by sea, to trade amongst themselves, to deal with naval activities and marine type of work, to gain wealth and to establish cities (permanent residence for the people he brought to the

islands from Crete, which before could not be done because of the predatory, piratical and criminal activities of the thieves, renegades and pirates who lived there).c) The first great, important civilization (culture) created on earth was the Minoan. It is said; the first time that a city was conceived, organized and created was in Crete during the reign of King Minoas. Minoas with the help of his brother Radamanthys united and unified into a single, totally comprehensive societal unit the various city-states of Crete (Gortyna, Kydonia, Lykasto, etc.) with capital the city Knossos. They conceived, organized and implemented the institutions of the state, such as (schools, community of property, public mess, laws and the constitution, etc.) for the just governance of the Cretan people. As a result of the state organized by Minoas was the creation of the first civilization in the world, known today as the Minoan Civilization, which subsequently was copied by all Greeks and not only. It is said that during the time period of Minoas were conceived the following: the constitution, the Parliament, the senators and representatives, the laws on the social and political administration, business transactions, tax collectors, etc. Of course because the laws of Minoas were for the first time conforming with the principles “on justice or divine sentiment”, etc., the Minoan laws were declared divine. This is also the reason that Minoas and Radamanthys after their death were deified and declared semi gods, sons of god Zeus and judges at the Hades of the Greeks (something similar to Alexander The Great, Constantine The Great, and others) or, as it was said, that Minoas took the laws directly from god Zeus on mount Dikti (something similar to Moses on mount Sina, etc.).

THE CULTURE IN OTHER NATIONSAND THE CULTURE BEFORE (PRIOR TO) MINOAS

Prior to the age of Minoas, in Greece and the rest of the world there did not exist any governing institutions, such as “constitutions, Parliaments, deputies, tax collection methods, state of concern, equal justice under the law, etc.”, but each leader (head of a tribe or tyrant or king) established laws for his population depending upon his own wishes and perception. Each king had in fact whatever wanted and the rest of the people very little or nothing at all; and, no one dared to voice their opinions or objections, and they were worshipped as gods and many times asked for human sacrifices, unethical and corrupt practices, etc.

Indeed, these reasons were also the cause, that:a) The Spartans declared that laws other than those enacted by Minoas were ridiculous and absurd to imitate or copy.b) The Jewish people were saying that if the world does not change, then God will destroy the world.c) The ancient Greeks do not report any other singular, important ancient culture other than the Minoan nor that they were saying "Anyone who is not Hellene is barbarian"

It is also noted that:

1) The ancient writers Aristotle, Plato, Isocrates and others report that Minoas and his brother Radamanthys were the first to conceive, create and implement democratic political institutions and laws in Greece. Specifically, they were the first to conceive and enact social institutions (= public mess, community of property, etc. = the ancestor of socialism) and political institutions (= the constitution, parliament, tax collectors and deputies, representatives or senators, etc.) for the right, fair equality and justice before the state, equal treatment before the law and the uniformly common (public) order of governance for all Cretans. Prior to Minoas in all the world each king did whatever pleased him or made laws according to his will and own personal interest, named the leaders of the races, the tribes, the head of state depending upon his own preference and intelligence, which is also the reason that the Greeks did not recognize any other culture worthy to talk about except only the Minoan civilization, and they would say, “everyone not Greek is barbarian”. 2) The Cretan Civilization (Culture) is separated into several historic periods, the most important however are two. The period of time before Minoas with the eminent king Cretan (or Cretheas), and the period of time after Minoas; the culture of this period today is called Minoan Civilization. Simply stated, Evans named all the ancient Cretan culture Minoan from the most famous, world-renowned of its kings, Minoas. For the civilization of Crete before Minoas, the ancient writer Diodoros reports: "The residents, therefore, of Crete say that the most ancient residents in the island were natives, the so-called Eteocretans, whose king Cretas, discovered many very important things in the island that had promising possibilities to improve the social life and welfare of the people…For the Idaiae Daktylae of Crete, legend has it, that they discovered the fire, the use of copper and iron in the country of Apperaiae, the so called Verekynthos, as well as their elaboration and way of treatment. It is said, that one of them Hercules, exceeded all others in fame and that he founded the Olympic Games. As a consequence of the synonym subsequent people thought and theorized that the son of Alkmene established the Olympic Games. (Diodoros, Library Historical 5,64).

"The Cretans introduced to humanity several useful things: They were first to assemble the sheep in flocks, tamed and domesticated several species of animals, discovered the apiculture, proposed and implemented the art of hunting, proposed and practiced the art of how to consort with and the harmonious living together between persons (people), but were also first to teach harmony and good conduct in social life activities. The Cretans discovered also the swords, the helmets and the martial dances. Legend has it that to them (Cretans) Rea, wife of Chronos, brought the infant Zeus secretly from his father Chronos to Crete in order to protect and raise (up-bring) him....", (Diodoros Library Historical 5,65).

(For more information and sources, see the book CRETAN HISTORY, A. Krasanakis).