WARM-UP (page B1)If YOU were there …Everyone in Athens has been talkingabout a philosopher and teachernamed Socrates, so you decide to goand see him for yourself. You find himsitting under a tree, surrounded by hisstudents. “Teach me about life,” yousay. But instead of answering, he asksyou, “What is life?” You struggle toreply. He asks another question, andanother. If he’s such a great teacher,you wonder, shouldn’t he have all theanswers? Instead, all he seems to haveare questions.What do you think of Socrates?

Consider HIS purpose:• Why is he responding

by asking questions?• Do his questions have

definite answers?• Do his questions

require you to think?Consider YOUR

purpose:• to learn about life• to learn deeper truths• to learn to reason better

PhilosophyGreek for “love of

wisdom”

Philosophers Those who believe the human mind can understand everything

Said universe followed laws of music and numbers

Developed new ideas about math

Pythagorean theorem still used in math today

Professional teachers who traveled

Did not believe gods & goddesses influenced lives

Did not believe there was absolute rights & wrongs

Developed the art of public speaking and debate.

Socratic M

ethod

Believed there was absolute

truth

Encouraged

students to

question everything

Many thought he was a threat because he

questioned traditions; They accused, tried, found him guilty, &

sentenced him to death.

He was sentence to death by suicide, he drank a poison (hemlock).

Created the

Wrote The Republic

Argued that democracy was a bad form of government

Thought people should

have equal opportunities for education

& jobs;

Wise philosopher-kings to rule

Courageous warriors to defend country

Everyone else; produce necessities

Divided

population

into 3 groups

Prolific writer, 200 books

“The Golden Mean”

Belief that nothing should be done in excess

Organized, categorized, classified knowledge

Wrote Politics

Three kinds of government: monarchy, oligarchy, democracy

Greatest historian of ancient world;

Saw wars & politics as activities of humans, not gods & goddesses;

Emphasized accuracy of facts;

Inventions:

1.Death Ray (used mirrors to burn and sink Roman ships.)

2.Principle of Levers: discovered WHY they worked

3.Archimedes Principle: Any floating object displaces its own weight of fluid. Eureka!

Scientist, Inventor, Mathematician