GREEN COMPUTING

References x

[1] DIVYA S, "GREEN COMPUTING," "techno-green" 2013.

x

Green computing or green IT, refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT. In the article

Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices, San Murugesan defines

the field of green computing as "the study and practice of designing,

manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and

associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices,

and networking and communications systems — efficiently and

effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.

The goals of green computing are similar to green chemistry; reduce the use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime, and promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste. Research continues into key areas such as making the use of computers as energy-efficient as possible, and designing algorithms and systems for efficiency-related computer technologies.

The term "technology" refers to the application of knowledge for practical purposes.

The field of "green technology" encompasses a continuously

evolving group of methods and materials, from techniques for generating energy to non-toxic

cleaning products.

The present expectation is that this field will bring innovation and changes in daily life of similar magnitude to the "information

technology" explosion over the last two decades. In these early stages, it is impossible to predict what "green

technology" may eventually encompass.

The goals that inform developments in this rapidly growing field include:Sustainability - meeting the needs of

society in ways that can continue indefinitely into the future without

damaging or depleting natural resources. In short, meeting present

needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet

their own needs.

"Cradle to cradle" design - ending the "cradle to grave" cycle of manufactured products, by creating products that can be fully reclaimed or re-used.

WHAT IS GREEN COMPUTING?

• Green computing or green IT, refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT.

• It is "the study and practice of Designing, Manufacturing, Using, and Disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.

WHY GO FOR GREEN COMPUTING?

• Today, the main problem of the world is Global warming.

• The atmosphere is becoming hot & is causing many problems to living organisms.

• Computers also play a major role in polluting the world.

How Computing Harm Environment

• Increase in power, cooling and space for data centre.

• 2007-$4.5 billion of electricity

• 2011-$7.4 billion of electricity(25 power plants)

• 2011-Double CO2 output ( 62 million metric tons)

ORGIN:

• In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a voluntary labelling program which is designed to promote and recognize energy-efficiency in monitors, climate control equipment, and other technologies.

– Saved $14 billion in energy costs in 2006 alone.

– Widespread adoption of sleep mode

• EPEAT is focused on promoting energy efficient products.

ROAD TO GREEN COMPUTING:

• Green Use

• Green Disposal

• Green Design

• Green Manufacturing

APPROACHES TO GREEN COMPUTING:

DISPLAY:

• LCD displays: use a CCF bulb

• LED displays: use an array of LEDs

• LCD monitors uses 3 times less when active, and 10 times less energy when in sleep mode.

• LCDs are up to 66% more energy efficient.

• LCDs are also smaller in size and weight.

• 21" CRT typically uses more than 120W.

IT EQUIPMENT RECYCLING:

• If you can extend the working life of your IT products, you reduce the environmental consequences of mining, manufacture, packaging, shipping and disposal.

• Many organizations, including some manufacturers themselves, are willing to take equipment back and recycle the components into new products.

• electronictakebackcampain.com

Remote Conferencing & Telecommuting Strategies:

Given recent jumps in fuel costs and greater awareness of harm caused by greenhouse gas emissions, many companies wish to reduce travel to cut costs and decrease negative impact on the environment.

The initiatives in this study consist of the following:

• Remote Conferencing & Collaboration.

• Video-conferencing and teleconferencing.

INDUSTRIAL IMPLEMENTATION:

• Blackle(74~59 wt)(saves 750mw)

• Fit-PC(compact, quiet and green)

• Zonbu Computer

• Sunray thin client

STEPS BY DELL:

• Their free world-wide product recycling program allows user to properly dispose their product safely.

• Their “Plant a tree for me” project can offset a customer’s carbon emissions for only three dollars.

CAUSES FOR GREEN IT:

• Use lot of Electricity

• Creates lots of toxic waste

• Impact of Electricity to the Environment

• Impact of Toxic waste to the Environment

ENERGY USAGE PROFILE (EUP):

• CPU uses 120 Watts

• CRT uses 150 Watts

– 8 hours of usage, 5 days a week = 562 kWatts

• if the computer is left on all the time without proper power saver modes, this can lead to 1,600 KWatts

• Energy use comes from

– electrical current to run the CPU, motherboard, memory

– running the fan and spinning the disk(s)

– monitor (CRTs consume more power than any other computer component)

– printers

TOXICITY:

• Metals like Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Plastics, tin, copper, carbon and aluminum

• Iron, Silicon, Lithium, Zinc, Gold, Sulphur

E-WASTE:

• Electronic waste (eWaste) is one of the most controllable pieces of the waste stream. Recycling eWaste is easy; recycling eWaste normally and ethically takes a bit more work.

• What is electronic waste? Any cell phone, computer,

monitor, printer, CD, battery, television or other business or consumer electronics device, including cables. When disposed off improperly, these materials contain elements that work their way into our water table. The elements are also rendered non-reusable as they are blended in with other waste and lost.

APPROACHES TO GREEN COMPUTING:

• Algorithmic Efficiency

• Power Management

• Video Card

• Telecommuting

REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION:

• Turn off the computer when not in use, even if just for an hour

• Turn off the monitor when not in use (as opposed to running a screen saver)

• Use power saver mode

– in power saver mode, the top item is not necessary, but screen savers use as much electricity as any normal processing, and the screen saver is not necessary on a flat panel display

• Use hardware/software with the Energy Star label

– Energy Star is a “seal of approval” by the Energy Star organization of the government (the EPA)

• Don’t print unless necessary and you are ready

• Use LCDs instead of CRTs as they are more power efficient.

VIDEO CARD:

A fast CPU may be the largest power consumer in a computer.

Energy efficient display options include:

• No video card - use a shared terminal, shared thin client, or desktop sharing software if display required.

• Use motherboard video output - typically low 3D performance and low power.

• Select a CPU based on low idle power, average wastage or performance per watt.

REFURBISH:

• rather than discarding your computer when the next generation is released, just get a new CPU and memory chips – upgrade rather than replace while you will still be discarded some components, you will retain most of the computer system (e.g., monitor, the system unit housing, cables)

RECYCLE:

• Computer monitors (CRTs) contain an average of 4 lbs. of lead, a lot of reusable glass, chromium and mercury. All of these elements can be extracted and reused. For example, a recycler can takes the glass from old monitors, and sends them to manufacturing for use on flat screen monitors and TVs.

• CDs/DVDs contain gold, glass, plastic, nickel and other elements that are completely recoverable and reusable.

• Batteries – everything from the batteries that power your phone, laptop, and mouse can be recycled, whether single-use or rechargeable.

GREEN WEB SURFING:

BEING GREEN WITH YAHOO

GREENER FIREFOX SURFING

GREEN TECHNOLOGIES:

• Power Saving by Link Status

• Power Saving by Cable Length

• Time-Based Power over Ethernet (Poe)

• Wi-Fi Scheduler

• Share Port

• LCD Standby

• Power Saving by Hard Drives Hibernation

• Smart FAN

ADVANTAGES:

• Both green computing and hardware disposal focus on being green to help have less of an impact on our environment.

• Recycling like NewTech disassembles and reuses parts from old computers to build new, better ones, without just dumping them in a landfill.

CONCLUSION:

• Green computing can lead to a lot of energy savings, reduction in emission of co2 & CFC’s which leads to environment protection.

Greener Google Browsing: Blackle.com

• It also leads to serious cost savings overtime.

NAME: DIVYA S

EMAIL ID: divcindrella03@gmail.com

COLLEGE NAME: SRI RAMANUJAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT: IT

YEAR: 3rd