greenhouse gas emission seminar 2015
TRANSCRIPT
Gases in the atmosphere that
absorb and emit radiation Some greenhouse gases
by natural
Some greenhouse gases
by industrial processes
• Carbon dioxide CO2
• Methane CH4
• Nitrous oxide NO2
• Hydrofluorocarbons HFCs
• Perfluorocarbons PFCs
• Sulphur hexafluoride SF6
Recommendation:
Measure emissions from the six GHGs covered by the Kyoto
Protocol where relevant for your organisation
Carbon footprint - The amount of
greenhouse gases emitted that your organisation is responsible
for, expressed in units of
Carbon Dioxide equivalent (CO2e)
Usually in tonnes emitted annually
GHG Reporting
Guidelines to
Account for and
Report on
Greenhouse Gas
Emissions &
Removal for
Building
GHG Reporting Steps
1. Identify the Boundary
2. Identify all Emission Sources
3. Data Collection
4. Application the Calculation
5. Finding the Deduction
6. Summary and Conclusion the Result
Areas and Locations
Excluded areas
Establish the boundary of the carbon footprint
Establish which emissions sources occur
within this boundary
Split the emissions sources into scopes
Minimum information to be reported 1. Direct (scope 1), Indirect (scope 2) &
Indirect (Scope 3 – Optional ) = total 2. Emissions for 6 GHGs 3. Current and baseline year comparison 4. Significant changes since base year 5. Methodologies for calculation/
measurement
Carbon Footprint
Scope 1: Direct
Emissions
Scope 2: Indirect
Emissions (Purchased
energy)
Scope 3: Other
Indirect Emissions
June 2, 2009
Remember: there are three levels (scopes) to a
green house gas/carbon footprint calculation. 11
Building Emission Sources Emission scope
Common and Public Area
Electricity 2 + 3
Water 3
Refrigerant for Chiller 1
Transportation 3
Kitchen Gas 1 + 3
Electricity 2 + 3
Water 3
Refrigerant for Chiller 1
Food waste 3
Food purchasing 3
Other (all) Staff Transportation 3
Combustion Sources
e.g. Cooking & Boiler
Electric generation
e.g. Generator
CFC and HFC
e.g. refrigerant
Sulfur hexafluoride
e.g. Electricity Transformer June 2, 2009
Transportation of
material and guest
Employee
transportation
Air flight travelling
Vegetation & Trees
June 2, 2009 15
Case Study Special Emission Factor
Diethylene Glycol (Gel Fuel)’s emission factor will be
Chemical Formula (After burning) : C4H10O3 + 5O2 4CO2 + 5H2O
Emission Factor : 4*44/(12*4+10+16*3) = 1.66kg/kg
Acetylene emission factor will be
Chemical Formula (After burning) : 2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O
Emission Factor : 2*44/26 = 3.385kg/kg
Case Study Data Verification
WD40 - CO2 emission shall be followed by supplier’s MSDS 1-5%
content. Assumption is made at 3%.
Fire Extinguisher CO2 content voulme shall be followed by data
indicated in fire extinguisher cylinder.
Case Study Data Verification Beer and Soft Drink CO2 content voulme shall be
verified on the cylinder or writen confirmation by
the manufacturer.
Case Study Emission Factors from Utilities & Government Departments • Towngas Annual Report
• CLP Sustainability Report
• HEC Sustainability Report
• WSD Annual Report
• DSD Sustainability Report
Collection of Consumption Data for GHG Table 5, 6, 8 & 9: • Billing period not exactly cover whole month from 1 to 31
• Daily metering record would be served as reference
• To predict the consumption on proportional method
• Data and record should be verified by an appropriate Third Party
e.g. Verified by an qualified internal auditor
Case Study Information Difference Between Purchase Order & Delivery Note For Example:
• Paper purchase order is 70gsm
• Sometime the supplier delivery more than 70gsm without extra cost for
value added
• Close monitoring supplier to delivery the actual weight of paper to match
the order.
Paper Recycle More Than Paper Storage & Paper Purchased • If it is the case the final indirect emission will then be negative (-ve)
• However, negative is not allowable, so ‘0’ will be inputed in the report.
Table 7: Methane Generation at Landfill in Hong Kong due to Disposal of Paper Waste
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7
A B C D E F G
Source description (i.e Area / floor)
Amount of paper in storage at the begining of the reporting period
(kg)
Amount of paper purchased during
the reporting period(kg)
Amount of paper collected for
recycling during the reporting period (kg)
Amount of paper in storage at the end
of the reporting period (kg)
Emission factor (kg CO2-e / kg of waste) Note
Indirect emissions in tonnes of CO2
equivalent ((B + C - D- E ) x F / 1000)
A4 Letter Head Paper 0 232 0 0 4.8 1.1136
Envelope 0 224 0 0 4.8 1.0752A4/A3 Paper 0 4444 6891 0 4.8 -12.1776
Total 0
By calculation
-9.9888 toones of CO2e
Example – GHG Table 8
Note:
Emission factor of GHG emissions due to electricity used for processing fresh water = Unit electricity
consumption of fresh water (from WSD) x Territory-wide default value (i.e. 0.7kg / kWh) of purchased electricity provided in
Table 5.
In case that the unit electricity consumption for processing fresh water for the reporting period is not available at the time
of accounting, the latest emission factor from table below may be used as an approximation.
All Above Data for Reference Only
Case Study Guestroom Water Consumption & Kitchen Water Consumption • Water consumption at common area and kitchen area shall be
separated.
• Emission factor calculation for both consumptions are difference.
• Data must be taken by manual.
• The record data shall be verified by third party.
Note: The default emission factor is determined according to the purpose of water used as follows:
Source description Default Emission Factor (kg / m3)
Restaurants and catering services (0.7 x Emission Factor) assuming 70% of the fresh
water consumed will enter the sewage system.
Other commercial, residential and institutional
purposes(1.0 x Emission Factor) assuming 100% of the
fresh water consumed will enter the sewage system.
Web Site:
http://www.theclimateregistry.org/downloads/2012/01/2012-Climate-
Registry-Default-Emissions-Factors.pdf
Web Link:
http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/aerc/cft/booklet/Guidelines%20E.pdf
Scope 1 : Direct Emission (GHG Table 1 ~ 4)
Stop all pilot fire at gas cooking range when not cooking
Adjust hot water supply temperature
Select no HFC & PFC refrigerant air-conditioner
Select electric car
Planting Trees
Scope 2: Indirect Emission (GHG Table 5~6)
Select ECO product for energy saving
Use heat pump chiller
Use motion sensor to control lighting at
plant room and corridor
Use LED lamp
Add solar energy / wind energy equipment
Scope 3: Other Emission (GHG Table 7 ~ 9)
Encourage paperless office
Use re-cycle paper
Use water saving devices
Store rainwater for cleaning and irrigation
Stop receive advertisement leaflet
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