grid station presentation

7/22/2019 Grid Station Presentation

1/40


2/40


3/40

ELECTRIC

GRID STATION


4/40

GRID STATION:

It is a station where multiple inputs/outputscomes and goes , where the voltage istransformed as it is required.


5/40

Sources of grid station:

transmission

Power houses.

Other grid stations.

Power house Grid station


6/40

Grid stationPower station Grid station

transmission transmission

transmission

transmission


7/40

EQIPMENTS OF GRID STATION:

C.Bs Transformer CTS ( current transformer) PTs ( potential transformer) Bus Bar Bus coupler Isolators ( line isolator , bus bar isolator) Earth switches


8/40

Lightening arrester Sky wire Rectifier unit Battery room Protection relays( for T/F: buckles , differential , over current, for line protection: distance , overload , earth fault

relay)

/


9/40

220kv/132kv section GIS system:

Gas insulated system have introduced in Pakistan.

All 220KV & 132KV yard equipments are insulated with SF6(sulphur haxafluoride) gas.

All operations are carried out from control room.

There is much minimum chances to injuries and damage.

We can touch insulated equipments.

Easy to operate.

Efficient system.


10/40

220kv/132kv section GIS system:


11/40

A device that can switch Automatic during normal or

abnormal conditions.


12/40

Oil circuit breaker use oil

Air circuit breaker use air

Sf6 circuit breakeruse sf6

Vacuum circuit breaker

use vacuum


13/40

To step up or step down the voltage.Transfer power from one A.C voltage to another A.C voltage at the

same frequency.


14/40

AUTO T/Fs220kv and above uses it can be step up

&down.

Power T/F132kv/11kv

Distribution T/Fs11kv/440v &220v


15/40

A P.T is used to step down the voltages for measurement, controland protection.


16/40


17/40

Disconnect any electrical element under no-load

condition for safety, isolation and maintenance.


18/40


19/40


20/40


21/40

BUSBARS:A metal strip that is use to interconnections of many electrical

elements at a common point ,maintain the specific voltages fortransmission and distribution systems.

Bus coupler:A device that is use to couple two bus bars for requirement.

Sky wires:


22/40

Sky wires:A wire that is use to protect the grid station equipments fromunwanted high voltage waves and discharge them through earth.

Earth switches:A wire that is connected to earth. use to isolate the equipments andhuman beings and protect them from damage.


23/40

Distance relay

Protection relays:Use to protect the all equipments of grid station and transmission anddistribution system.

Primary protection relaysSecondary protection relays


24/40

Relay panels
http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/download-center/books-and-guides/relays/distance-relay-fundamentals


25/40

Principles of Distance Relays

The impedance of a transmission line is proportional to its length,

for distance measurement it is appropriate to use a relay capable ofmeasuring the impedance of a line up to a predetermined point (thereach point)

OVER Current earth fault relay:
http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/download-center/books-and-guides/relays/distance-relay-fundamentalshttp://electrical-engineering-portal.com/download-center/books-and-guides/relays/distance-relay-fundamentals


26/40

control panels:use to switching of all transmission and distribution system.


27/40

Rectifier unit :Use to rectify A.C into D.C for protection purposes .

Battery room:Use to storage D.C and help as back up source for protection system.


28/40

11kv section:11000v received in the 11kv control room for distribution purpose.

11kv section includes:


29/40

11kv section includes:Distribution bus barsFeedersCapacitor banksRectifiersVacuum circuit breakersIsolator trolleysMeters

Relays(over current used on 3 phase)Auxiliary Transformer


30/40

Distribution bus bars:Bus bar is used to distribute the electricity .Use to connect different feeders at common point.

Feeders:Feeders are the out going connections of different areas andindustries.

Capacitor banks:Capacitors are interconnected to each other to improve power factorSecure the system from over loading.

11kv section


31/40

Rectifier unit :

Use to rectify A.C into D.C for protection purposes .

Vacuum circuit breakers:

A device that is use to open and close the circuit Automatic during normalor abnormal conditions.Vacuum gas is use to quench arc of C.B contacts .

11kv section


32/40

Isolator trolleys:Isolator trolley turn out when the line man workers required the

conformation that circuit is open.

11kv section

Measurement Meters:


33/40

Measurement Meters:Ampere meterskwh meters

Protection relays:

During fault Relay sense the fault and give signal to V.C.B andV.C.B remove faulty circuit .

Over current relays .VAX relays

11kv section


34/40

Over current relays :

Sense the fault due to over current flow in circuit.Phase to phasephase to ground

VAX relays :


35/40

Auxiliary Transformer:This transformer receive the 11kv and step down T/F that provides400 volts A.C.

This is use to supply electricity to all grid station system.


36/40

VAX relays :


37/40

Working of transmission and distribution system


38/40


39/40

Control centers

NpccRcc

Pdc

DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY


40/40

DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY:

Many equipments are used for distribution

process

grid station presentation

Documents