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GROUND-WATER RESOURCES DATA FOR BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA
By James L. Robinson, Richard S. Moreland, and Amy E. Clark
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEYOpen-File Report 96-487
Prepared in cooperation with the BALDWIN COUNTY COMMISSION
Montgomery, Alabama 1996
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GORDON P. EATON, Director
For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from:
District Chief U.S. Geological SurveyU.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services2350 Fairlane Drive, Suite 120 Box 25286Montgomery, AL 36116 Denver, CO 80225-0286
CONTENTSPage
Abstract .......................................................... 1Introduction .......................................................... 1
Purpose and scope ............................................... 3Previous investigations............................................ 3Acknowledgments ............................................... 3
Physical setting of Baldwin County ........................................ 4Climate........................................................ 4Surface-water drainage............................................ 6
Geologic setting ....................................................... 7Ground-water resources data ............................................. 10
Well inventory................................................... 10Well numbering system ....................................... 10Well-site data ............................................... 10
Ground-water use................................................ 13Ground-water levels.............................................. 13Ground-water quality ............................................. 24Aquifer test results ............................................... 29
Summary .......................................................... 32References cited ....................................................... 33
Appendix 1 Records for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama, 1996. ....... 37
in
FIGURES
1. Map showing location of cities, major roads, and streams of BaldwinCounty, Alabama ............................................. 2
2. Physiographic map of Baldwin County, Alabama ...................... 5
3. Generalized geologic units in Baldwin County, Alabama, and their water bearing properties and yields .................................... 8
4-8. Maps showing:
4. Location of prominent salt-related structural features in the AlabamaCoastal Plain ................................................ 9
5. Well numbering system used in this report ......................... 11
6. Location of selected inventoried wells............................. 12
7. Location of centers of major ground-water withdrawals ............... 14
8. Location of selected well clusters................................. 18
9. Graph showing mean daily water level in well ZZ-10, city of Gulf Shoreswell number 5 ............................................... 19
10. Graph showing historic water levels in city of Daphne well LL-6.......... 20
11. Map showing location of selected wells for which water-quality dataare available ................................................. 28
12. Map showing location of selected wells for which aquifer testanalyses were performed ....................................... 30
TABLES
1. Average rainfall and temperature for stations in Baldwin County,Alabama (1961 - 1990)......................................... 6
2. Estimated average daily ground-water use by category in BaldwinCounty, Alabama, 1995 ........................................ 13
3. Records for selected well clusters in Baldwin County, Alabama........... 15
4. Historic water-level records for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama. 21
5. Physical and chemical properties of ground water from selected wells inBaldwin County, Alabama ...................................... 25
6. Results of aquifer test analyses for selected wells in Baldwin County,Alabama.................................................... 31
IV
CONVERSION FACTORS, VERTICAL DATUM, ABBREVIATIONS,AND ACRONYMS
Multiply by To obtain
inch (in) 2.54 centimeterinch per year (in/yr) 25.4 millimeter per yearfoot (ft) 0.3048 metersquare foot (ft2) 0.0929 square metermile (mi) 1.609 kiilometeracre 4,047 square meteracre-feet 325,900 gallonssquare mile (mi2) 2.59 square kilometercubic foot per second (ft^/s) 0.02832 cubic meter per secondcubic foot per second 0.01093 cubic meter per second
per square mile (f^/mi2) per square milecubic foot per second (ft3/s) 448.831 gallons per minutegallons per minute (gal/min) 0.06308 liter per secondgallons per minute (gal/min) 1,440 gallons per daymillion gallons per day (Mgal/d) 0.04381 cubic meter per second
o__
Temperature in degree Fahrenheit ( F) can be converted to degree Celsius as follows:sC = 5/9x(°F-32)
Sea Level: In this report "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NVGD of 1929) - a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929.
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
ADECA - Alabama Department of Economic and Community Development ADEM - Alabama Department of Environmental Management
DOT - Alabama Department of Transportation GSA - Geological Survey of Alabama
GWSI - Ground Water Site Inventory database NWFWMD - Northwest Florida Water Management District
USGS - U.S. Geological Survey
GROUND-WATER RESOURCES DATA FOR BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA
By James L. Robinson, Richard S. Moreland, and Amy E. Clark
ABSTRACT
Geologic and hydrologic data for 237 wells were collected, and water-levels in 223 wells in Baldwin and Escambia Counties were measured. Long-term water-level data, available for many wells, indicate that ground-water levels in most of Baldwin County show no significant trends for the period of record. However, ground-water levels have declined in the general vicinity of Spanish Fort and Daphne, and ground-water levels in the Gulf Shores and Orange Beach areas are less than 5 feet above sea level in places.
The quality of ground water generally is good, but problems with iron, sulfur, turbidity, and color occur. The water from most private wells in Baldwin County is used without treatment or filtration. Alabama public-health law requires that water from public-supply wells be chlorinated. Beyond that, the most common treatment of ground water by public-water suppliers in Baldwin County consists of pH adjustment, iron removal, and aeration.
The transmissivity of the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer was determined at 10 locations in Baldwin County. Estimates of transmissivity ranged from 700 to 5,400 feet squared per day. In general, aquifer transmissivity was greatest in the southeastern part of the county, and least in the
o
western part of the county near Mobile Bay. A storage coefficient of 1.5 x 10 was determined for the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer near Loxley.
INTRODUCTIONBaldwin County is the largest county in the State of Alabama. The population of Baldwin
County in June 1994, was estimated at 115,685 (U.S. Bureau of Census, 1995) and is projected to be 150,000 by the year 2000. Currently, Baldwin County is the fastest growing county in Alabama. Major population centers in Baldwin County (fig. 1) are Bay Minette, Daphne, Fairhope, Foley, Gulf Shores, Loxley, Orange Beach, Perdido, Robertsdale, Spanish Fort, and Summerdale.
Baldwin County is 100 percent dependent on ground water for water supply. Ground- water withdrawals in Baldwin County were estimated to be about 7 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) in 1966 (Reed and McCain, 1971), 12 Mgal/d in 1980 (Baker and others, 1982), and 30 Mgal/d in 1990 (Baker and Mooty, 1993). The effects of future increases in ground-water withdrawals, to supply the needs of the growing county population, cannot be assessed without defining existing conditions. To address the future of ground-water development, the Baldwin County Commission requested the U.S. Geological Survey to perform a study of the ground- water resources of Baldwin County.
31°00'
0 2.6 6 MILES
0 2.6 6 KILOMETERS
^
/ GulfofMe»c°, ^_, -- -_ --
Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000,1983 Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 16
Figure 1. Location of cities, major roads, and streams of Baldwin County, Alabama,
2
Purpose and Scope
The objectives of this report are to present a summary of existing ground-water data in Baldwin County, and to present data collected during the period of investigation from September 1994 to November 1995. A literature search for existing data was performed. Geologic and hydrologic data were collected from the files of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Geological Survey of Alabama (GS A), Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs (ADECA), Alabama Department of Transportation (DOT), the Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD), and from drilling companies in Baldwin County and adjacent counties. To assess current conditions, an inventory of existing wells in Baldwin County was performed; and two synoptic, mass water- level measurements were made in the inventoried wells. The second of these synoptic measurements will be summarized and published later by the USGS. Selected physical and chemical properties of water from wells in Baldwin County are presented. Aquifer-test results were analyzed for 10 public-supply wells.
Previous Investigations
Many reports describe the geology and hydrology of Baldwin County. Adams and others (1926) and Osborne and others (1989) include geologic maps of Alabama. Reed (1971) presents a study of the geology of Baldwin County. Copeland (1968), Miller (1986, 1990), Miller and Renken (1988), and Davis (1987) present regional studies of the geologic and hydrogeologic framework of Alabama and adjacent States. The subsurface geology of Baldwin County was described by Walter and Kidd (1979), Raymond (1983, 1985), Raymond and others (1993), and Smith (1989). Studies of the deep subsurface of Baldwin County include a magnetic survey (Eby and Nicar, 1936) and a gravity map (MeWilliams and Joiner, 1970). Studies of the geomorphology of Baldwin County were included in Carlston (1950), Hardin and others (1976), and Smith (1986). Studies pertaining to the ground-water resources of Baldwin County include Reed and McCain (1971), Walter and Kidd (1979), Hinkle (1984), Chandler and others (1985), Gillett and Moore (1987), Mooty (1988), and Chandler and others (1996).
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank the citizens of Baldwin County who assisted the data collection efforts. The staff of the water departments at the cities of Gulf Shores, Fairhope, Bay Minette, Foley, Daphne, Robertsdale, Loxley, Summerdale, Silverhill, and Stapleton deserve special recognition and appreciation for their willingness to adjust pumping schedules so that water-level measurements could be made. The Perdido Bay, Bay Sewer and Water, Orange Beach, Stockton, Tensaw, and Spanish Fort water supply authorities deserve equal recognition. Finally, J.C. Peevy, George Kaiser, Norman and Larry Woerner, Mickey Alms, Sparky Wilson, and Jim Cherry are recognized for their help.
PHYSICAL SETTING OF BALDWIN COUNTYBaldwin County lies within the East Gulf Coastal Plain physiographic section (fig. 2). The
majority of the land area of Baldwin County lies within the Southern Pine Hills District (Sapp and Emplaincourt, 1975). The land area bordering the Alabama and Tensaw Rivers falls within the Alluvial-Deltaic Plain District, and the coastal area of Baldwin County falls within the Coastal Lowlands District.
Land surface elevation in the Southern Pine Hills District ranges from about 300 feet (ft) above sea level to about 30 ft above sea level. The Southern Pine Hills is an elevated, south ward-sloping dissected plain developed on Miocene estuarine deposits to the north and on sand and gravel deposits of the Pliocene Citronelle Formation to the south (Davis, 1987). The Alluvial-Deltaic Plain District consists of alluvial and terrace river deposits. Land surface ranges in altitude from about 100 ft to sea level. The Coastal Lowlands District includes all the coastal areas of Baldwin County up to the base of the Pamlico marine scarp at an altitude of about 25 to 30 ft (Mooty, 1988). Typical landforms in the Coastal Lowlands District include flat to gently rolling plains, tidal streams, marshes, and wetlands.
The terrain in the northern two-thirds of Baldwin County is marked by long, rolling hills, entrenched streams and rivers with steep banks. Streams draining westward to the Alabama and Tensaw Rivers drop to base level in relatively short distances, and are characterized by as much as 250 ft of relief (Davis, 1987). Relief in the southern third of Baldwin County is comparatively small; most streams and rivers have broad channels and low, gently sloping banks.
Climate
Rain is the primary source of ground water, therefore, the average-annual rainfall in Baldwin County is of use in any compilation of ground-water data for Baldwin County. Average-annual rainfall is about 66 inches (in.) with July and August the wettest months and October and November the driest months. Monthly-mean and annual-mean rainfall and temperature data for three stations in Baldwin County, based on the standard 30-year reference period of 1961-90, are listed in table 1 (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1991). The data show that the annual-mean rainfall reported at the stations is approximately uniform throughout Baldwin County, with a range from 65.10 to 66.39 in. The difference in monthly-mean rainfall between the wettest months and the driest months is about 4 in. Based on the data in table 1, the coldest month in Baldwin County is January, and the warmest month is July. Average-monthly temperatures range from about 49 to 81 degrees (°F), and the average-annual temperature is about 66 °F.
Rainfall during the 1994 calendar year was unusual because it was unequally distributed and well below average at two of the three stations. Rainfall at Bay Minette was 13.24 in. below average, and rainfall at Fairhope was 4.97 in. below average. Rainfall at Robertsdale was 1.24 in. above aver age. Temperatures during the 1994 calendar year were below normal during January, above normal from February to April, below normal from May to September, and above normal for November and December. For the calendar year as a whole, temperatures were 0.7 degrees below normal for Bay Minette, 1.1 degrees below normal at Robertsdale, and 0.8 degrees above normal at Fairhope.
Rainfall during the 1995 calendar year was well above normal due to rain associated with hur ricane Erin on August 3 and hurricane Opal on October 4. Rainfall at Fairhope totaled 85.51 in. or 19.11 in. over normal. Temperatures extremes at Fairhope were a high of 99 °F, and a low of 23 °F, with an average of 67 °F; 1 degree above normal for the year. Weather data for calendar year 1995 for Bay Minette and Robertsdale were not available.
31°00
EXPLANATION PHYSIOGRAPHIC DISTRICTS
Southern Pine Hills
Alluvial-Deltaic Plain
Coastal Lowlands
Modified fromMooty, 1988
0 2.6 6 MILESI I 'i0 2.6 6 KILOMETERS
Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000,1983 Universal Transverse Mercator projection. Zone 16
Figure 2. Physiographic map of Baldwin County, Alabama.
Table 1. Average rainfall and temperature for stations in Baldwin County, Alabama (1961 -1990)
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Annual
Bay Minette
5.37
5.72
6.62
4.52
5.44
5.79
7.75
6.56
5.40
3.08
4.40
5.74
66.39
Rainfall (inches)
Robertsdale
5.23
5.86
6.12
4.20
4.98
5.98
7.39
7.50
5.86
3.58
4.57
4.55
65.82
Temperature (degrees Fahrenheit)
Fairhope
5.01
6.06
6.08
4.13
5.36
6.56
7.29
6.66
5.65
3.18
4.22
4.90
65.10
Bay Robertsdale Minette
50.2
53.7
60.7
67.7
74.1
79.5
81.1
80.7
77.2
68.4
60.0
53.4
67.2
49.1
52.1
59.1
66.1
72.9
78.8
80.9
80.3
76.7
67.3
59.1
52.3
66.2
Fairhope
49.0
51.9
59.1
66.6
73.6
79.1
81.0
80.5
77. 1
67.6
59.4
52.1
66.4
Surface-Water Drainage
The major surface-water drainages of Baldwin County are the Alabama, Tensaw, and Perdido Rivers (fig. 1). North of Bay Minette, the Little River, and Turkey, Majors, Halls, and Rains Creeks and Martins Branch flow west into the Tensaw or Alabama Rivers. South of Bay Minette a surface-water divide runs approximately down the center of the county. West of the divide, Bay Minette Creek, the Fish, Magnolia, and Bon Secour Rivers, and the tributaries Cowpen and Polecat Creeks flow into the Tensaw River or Mobile Bay. East of the divide the Styx and Blackwater Rivers, and Dyas and Hollinger Creeks flow into the Perdido River (fig. 1). The extreme southeastern section of Baldwin County is drained by localized creeks into Wolf Bay, Perdido Bay, or the Gulf of Mexico. The largest of these are Miflin, Wolf, and Sandy Creeks.
GEOLOGIC SETTINGThe geologic formations of the Alabama Coastal Plain form a wedge of seaward
thickening sedimentary deposits ranging in age from Late Cretaceous to Holocene. The sediments consist mainly of sand, gravel, silt, chalk, limestone, and sandstone (Davis, 1987). The freshwater-bearing sediments of Baldwin County, to a depth of about 800 ft (fig. 3), are composed of interbedded gravel, sand, silt, and clay of middle Miocene to Holocene age (Reed, 1971; Chandler and others, 1985; Raymond and others, 1993). The sand and gravel units compose the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system. These aquifers generally are confined to semiconfined by the interbedded clay units (Chandler and others, 1985).
Most of the geologic structures in the subsurface of the Coastal Plain of Alabama (fig. 4) can be attributed to the movement of the underlying Louann Salt of Jurassic age (Davis, 1987). Vertical displacement along the Pollard fault in northeastern Baldwin County should be similar to displacements reported by Cagle and Newton (1963) in Escambia County; 300 ft for beds of Late Cretaceous age and 50 ft for beds of Eocene age. The Wiggins Uplift in Baldwin County is probably related to a deep salt core (MeWilliams and Joiner, 1970), and gravity anomalies to the north and southwest of Tensaw are interpreted as faults associated with the Mobile Graben. Effects of the deep structures generally are masked by thick overlying sediments (MeWilliams and Joiner, 1970).
The dip of shallow sediments in southern Baldwin County is assumed to follow the surface of the Pensacola Clay (Walter and Kidd, 1979). The Pensacola Clay, a marine clay of middle Miocene age, is estimated to dip south 28 degrees west at a rate of 38 feet per mile (ft/mi). The Pensacola Clay is absent in northern Baldwin County, and no marker bed which could be used to determine a regional structural trend has been identified in the shallow subsurface; but the top of the Claiborne Group of Eocene age is reported by Davis (1987) to have a regional dip of about 50 ft/mi to the south-south west. Me Williams and Joiner (1970) also report a regional dip for Baldwin County of 5 to 50 ft/mi to the south-southwest.
Recent studies by the Geological Survey of Alabama (Raymond, 1985; Smith, 1989, 1991; Raymond and others, 1993) have presented the results of detailed studies of the Miocene and post-Miocene subsurface stratigraphy in southern Baldwin County. Formally, sediments overlying the Pensacola Clay, excepting maximum thicknesses of 50 to 100 ft for the Citronelle Formation and recent river terrace and floodplain deposits, were classified as Miocene undifferentiated. Up to 500 ft of Pliocene age sediments are now mapped in the subsurface of southern Baldwin County by the Geological Survey of Alabama based on biostratigraphic studies (Raymond and others, 1993). Similar studies have not been made in northern Baldwin County.
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.
EXPLANATION
FAULT ZONE AND NAME
0 10 20 30 40 KILOMETERS
APPROXIMATE UPDIP LIMIT OF SALT DOME BASIN
40 MILES
MEXICO
Modified from Davis 1987
Figure 4. Location of prominent salt-related structural features in the Alabama Coastal Plain.
GROUND-WATER RESOURCES DATAWell Inventory
A county-wide well inventory was performed to identify wells suitable for measuring ground-water levels. The objective of this work was to lay the groundwork for constructing a water-level map for the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system in Baldwin County. Data for 237 wells are included in this report. Water-level measurements were made in 223 of these wells, and historic water-level data are available for many of the wells. Driller's logs, geologic logs, geophysical logs, aquifer-test or well-performance data, and water-quality data were also collected when possible.
Well Numbering System
The well-numbering system used in this report is based on the Federal system of subdivision of public lands. Each township is divided into 36 sections numbered from 1 in the northeast corner to 36 in the southeast corner. Each township is assigned a letter in the same order that sections are numbered from "A" through "Z," with "A" being assigned to the northeastern- most equal township and "Z" to the southeasternmost township. Letter designations are doubled or tripled as needed. Wells in each subdivision are numbered consecutively such as K-5.....K-9 (fig. 5) in the order that the wells are inventoried. Other numbering systems have been used in previous studies of Baldwin County. For this reason, many wells inventoried in this report have other number designations, in most cases assigned by the Geological Survey of Alabama.
Well-Site Data
Basic data for all wells used in this study are listed in Appendix 1 by well number. Included in Appendix 1 are data describing owner, location, construction, altitude of land surface, water-level measurements, date of measurement, and use of the water. Well location and land- surface altitude were determined by site visit and locating the well on both USGS 7 1/2-minute quadrangle maps (1 in. = 24,000 in.) and county road maps of various scales. Site locations generally are considered accurate to within about 100 ft. The accuracy of the land-surface altitude is dependent on the contour interval of the USGS 7 1/2-minute map and the accuracy of the estimated location. Land-surface altitude is considered accurate to within plus or minus 2.5 ft for most wells, and to within 5 ft for all wells. Land-surface altitude for seven wells was determined either by previous studies or during this study by standard survey leveling. The locations of selected inventoried wells are shown on figure 6.
10
R.2E.
R. 2 E.
R. 1 E.
0 2.5 5 KILOMETERS
31* 00'
30»30'~
Figure 5. Well numbering system used in this report.
11
EXPLANATION
Location of inventoried wel 1
31°00'
0 2.6 6 MILES
0 2.6 6 KILOMETERS
Beach
Base fromU.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000,1983Universal Transverse Mercator projection.Zone 16 ________
Figure 6. Location of selected inventoried wells.
12
Ground-Water Use
The Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system is currently the sole source of public-water supply in Baldwin County. It is also heavily utilized for self-supplied domestic, agricultural, and recreational purposes. The aquifer system can yield up to 1 Mgal/d to properly constructed wells. Wells supplying private homes rarely need be more than 200 ft deep, with the most common depth being about 100 ft. Public-supply wells generally are between 100 and 300 ft deep.
The estimated average daily ground-water use by category in Baldwin County in 1995 was based on most recent (1990) tabulations of water use in Alabama (Baker and Mooty, 1993) and the Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs (ADECA) water-use reporting program that began in 1993. The ADECA program requires reporting for all uses over 100,000 gallons per day (gal/d). Ground-water use data for Baldwin County from Baker and Mooty (1993) and the ADECA water-use reporting program are summarized in table 2. Total estimated ground-water use in Baldwin County is about 41 Mgal/d. Agricultural use accounts for about 68 percent, public water supply accounts for about 30 percent, and the other 2 percent is for self-supplied domestic, commercial, and industrial uses. Major centers of ground-water withdrawal in Baldwin County are shown on figure 7.
Table 2. Estimated average daily ground-water use by category in Baldwin County, Alabama, 1995
Water-use category Average daily water use (million gallons per day) Source
Public water supply
Self-supplied commercial
Self-supplied industrial
Agricultural
Self-supplied domestic
Total
12.2
.1
.1
27.9
.6
40.9
ADECA Water-use program
Baker and Mooty, 1993
Baker and Mooty, 1993
ADECA Water-use program
Baker and Mooty, 1993
Ground-Water Levels
Water-level measurements were made in 223 of the 237 wells inventoried for this study. These data were summarized in the form of a map of the potentiometric surface of the Miocene- Pliocene aquifer system (Robinson and others, 1996). Ground-water levels ranged from a high of 259 ft above sea level near the Baldwin County/Escambia County border to about sea level at some locations near the Gulf Coast. A ground water high is oriented roughly north-south along a line that extends from the Baldwin County/Escambia County border to about 10 miles south of Bay Minette. A pronounced area of low ground-water levels occurs in the Spanish Fort Area. Ground-water levels along the entire Gulf Coast of Baldwin County were less than 5 ft above sea level during October and November 1995.
13
EXPLANATIONWithdrawal Rate, 1993
(Million gallons per day)
3-4
0 2.6 6 MILES
0 2.6 B KILOMETERS
.Beach
Base fromU.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000,1983Universal Transverse Mercator projection,Zone 16_____________________________
Figure 7. Location of centers of major ground-water withdrawals.
14
At many locations, multiple wells completed at different depths were measured. These data provided information about vertical ground-water gradients within the ground-water system (fig. 8). In general, ground-water levels decreased with depth in most areas of Baldwin County. This indicates a potential for aquifer recharge in these areas. Near the Gulf Coast, major rivers, and Mobile Bay, ground-water levels increase with well depth indicating discharge areas for the ground-water system. Table 3 presents water-level data for selected well clusters in Baldwin County, and figure 8 shows the locations of those well clusters.
In November 1994, a continuous water-level recorder was installed in well ZZ-10, an inactive well of the city of Gulf Shores. The mean daily water-level in well ZZ-10 (fig. 9) shows the effects of ground-water withdrawals and seasonal rainfall patterns. Short term water-level fluctuations probably represent the effects of nearby pumping from the aquifer for agricultural irrigation. Long term trends result from the effects of seasonal rainfall. In general, water levels in well ZZ-10 declined from late spring to late summer, and rose from late summer until mid-spring. The lowest water levels occurred during the tourist season, when pumping for public supply was greatest
Historic ground-water level data were collected from the files of the Geological Survey of Alabama, USGS, and from the public-water suppliers in Baldwin County. These data are presented in table 4. No significant long-term trends were indicated by the historic water-level data, except for the Spanish Fort and Daphne areas where a water-level decline of 35 ft from 1966 to 1991 was observed in the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system (fig. 10). Water-level measurements in well LL-6 (fig. 10) in 1992 and 1994 suggest that water levels in the Miocene- Pliocene aquifer may be recovering.
Table 3. Records for selected well clusters in Baldwin County, Alabama [Source of water-level data: (1) USGS; (2) Griner Drilling Service, Inc.]
Local number
F-12
F-ll
Altitudeof
land surface(feet)
310
310
Depth of well (feet)
72
130
Depth ofscreened
interval below land surface
(feet)
to 72
to 130
Depth towater level below land
surface(feet)
3.3
59.3
Date ofwater level
measurement
11-01-95
T"\« ofcinr'f*
betweenwells {f(K*t\(reet;
200
Source of water-level
data
1
O-7
O-8
232
230
60
140
to 60
to 140
37.6
43.3
11-01-95
11-03-95 500
P-8
P-9
272
272
110
197
to 110
to 197
79.9
83.604-10-95 50
15
Table 3. Records for selected well clusters in Baldwin County, Alabama-Continued [Source of water-level data: (1) USGS; (2) Griner Drilling Service, Inc.]
Local number
U-18
U-6
CC-17
CC-18
CC-21
CC-23
NN-16
NN-15
PP-8
PP-5
QQ-12
QQ-11
QQ-13
TT-11
TT-12
TT-18
TT-15
Altitude of
land surface (feet)
270
279
205
205
150
160
94
90
118
115
115
121
122
85
88
75
84
Depth of well (feet)
40
256
60
335
170
386
96
230
30
146
52
105
225
60
200
65
390
Depth of screened
interval below land surface
(feet)
to 40
197 to 250
40 to 60
305 to 335
150 to 170
366 to 386
to 96
110 to 120129 to 154195 to 220
to 30
75 to 85120 to 130
to 52
80 to 100
205 to 225
to 60
126 to 196
to 65
355 to 380
Depth to water level below land
surface (feet)
39.0
82.8
42.9
136.8
82.4
144.2
63.9
68.9
13.7
12.9
40.3
63.1
81.9
10.0
26.8
7.2
42.5
Date of ,. . Distance water , , , between level wells measure- ,f .. (feet) ment v
10-31-95 300
10-24-95 300
11-06-95 1,800
11-17-941,700 09-13-94
10-23-95 800
10-25-95} 1,600 10-26-95} 100
10-25-95
10-25-95 2,000
04-21-955,600
04-12-95
Source of water-level
data
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
16
Table 3. Records for selected well clusters in Baldwin County, Alabama-Continued [Source of water-level data: (1) USGS; (2) Griner Drilling Service, Inc.]
Local number
VV-20
VV-17
YY-12
YY-13
YY-16
YY-15
YY-19
YY-18
ZZ-12
ZZ-13
ZZ-28
ZZ-29
DDD-37
DDD-42
DDD-39
Altitude of
land surface (feet)
80
82
56
62
40
39
53
54
30
26
52
52
10
7
9
Depth of well
(feet)
45
150
-200
500
110
188
57
220
125
428
256
435
120
370
407
Depth of screened
interval below land surface
(feet)
to 45
to 150
to -200
420 to 500
90 to 110
to 188
to 57
to 220
85 to 125
324 to 366386 to 428
226 to 256
3% to 435
100 to 120
330 to 370
331 to 407
Depth to Date of ~. t , , Distance water level water , ^ , , , . , , between below land level _r weHSsurface measure- ff ,
(feet) ment (leeU
31.010-24-95 1,200
26.2
23.410-23-95 2,100
35.1
21.910-23-95 1,200
20.9
17.810-23-95 50
29.7
16.110-23-95 1,200
17.1
28.2 11-30-9450
20.4 11-02-94
7.4
22 10-24-95 100
2.0
Source of water-level
data
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
17
EXPLANATION
WELL CLUSTER
Upward vertical ground-water head gradient.
Downward vertical ground-water head gradient.
0 2.6 6 MILES
0 2.5 6 KILOMETERS
Beach
BasefromU.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000,1983 Universal Transverse Mercator projection. Zone 16
Figure 8. Location of selected well clusters.
18
vo
0 I CO
0
CO 0) s .Q
CO T5 0 0)
_0 k_ 0
"co
21f-
r
20 14 -
Pum
ping
Rat
es 1
-2 m
illio
n ga
llons
per
day
'The
Tou
rist S
easo
n"
Mem
oria
l Day
to L
abor
Day
Pu
mpi
ng R
ates
2-3
mill
ion
gallo
ns p
er D
ay
Hur
rican
e Er
in
Hur
rican
e O
pal
Aug
ust 3
O
ctob
er 4
13I_
__
__
_I_
__
__
_1
__
__
__
I__
__
__
|__
__
__
I__
__
__
I__
__
__
I__
__
__
I__
__
__
I_______
IJ
J 19
95
J_
__
__
_I_
__
__
IF
M
1996
Figu
re 9
. M
ean
daily
wat
er le
vel i
n w
ell Z
Z-10
, ci
ty o
f Gul
f Sho
res
wel
l num
ber 5
.
Water level in feet below land surface
ft*
c
TlCQ" coc 2CD
O
X« h ^
O CO
a' <*
21CDCD"< _ CD co7JJT 00 CO o5'
o.^^^* ^^^
o
m <o &) 00"O 01ZTZJCD
SCD.
i co i <° J__ Q
g
_*cocoOl
s| O> CT> Ol D Ol 0 Ol
~
: ./-* l^C.CD ""*"* »._
__ -vl *" *CO
~
_L
COCOCO
- l^1 2_1
liCO00o
-* Jt^^"** ^ C3 ___ (Q -^ "fc^,,.
-* --^^ ®o *- -*'1'*** °°
CD ^^%«^CO ^««»^
~* ***^""" «._k """" f*^
~ ~^-CO
__ CO to
en -^ -^ GO oO Ol O Ol C
1-- -*1** CD
^--"* 8 -
CO "**-«»^ -*
8 -> § V co ^ o
^ «D
/'
/
_^"**""i"-"-»*.^^^ i ~~
/ CO
/ °ji
^*^**^^ ^---*-*"*"* 5
CO
--> 1^^ CO
^ ^^1.^
" ^^ mj
"^2^. CD
**** CDCO
__
_
_
0
*""""* *«»-_ <o"* «. __. CO
""* »». -^ ~ *^^ " w>w fc.^*>m*^^
Table 4. Historic water-level records for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama (Source: D, driller; GSA, Geological Survey of Alabama; O, Owner; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey)
Altitude Local of land Depth
number surface (feet) (feet)
D-ll 160 353
M-6 270 260
U-ll 265 185
CC-5 152 309
CC-15 200 364
CC-21 150 170
Water level
below land
surface (feet)
101.1101.7101.9100.2102.2102.0
90.090.776.883.178.598.2
101.898.3
68.065.371.067.670.074.5
111.0109.6130.0127.7129.1
165.0186.0
62.082.4
Date of water level
measure ment
08/6610/7010/7411/8011/8210/95
09/4910/6810/7010/7411/7711/8011/8211/84
03/6507/6610/7511/8307/9310/94
07/6503/6610/9404/9510/95
04/9010/94
01/9211/95
Source of Remarks
data
USGS Formerly listed as G-l with a depth ofUSGS 235 feet, drilled 1963, sounded to 353 feetUSGS 10-3 1-95 after pump removedUSGSUSGSUSGS
D Well destroyed 1985.USGSUSGSUSGSUSGSUSGSUSGSUSGS
D City of Bay Minette well number 3,USGS drilled 1965.DUSGSDUSGS
D Spanish Fort well number 1, drilled 1964.USGSUSGSUSGSUSGS
D Spanish Fort well number 3, drilled 1990.USGS
D Pumphouse well, drilled 1992.USGS
21
Table 4. Historic water-level records for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama-Continued (Source: D, driller; GSA, Geological Survey of Alabama; O, Owner; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey)
Altitude Local of land Depth
number surface (feet) (feet)
CC-22 170 345
CC-23 160 386
KK-3 171 184
KK-11 172 160
LL-6 153 442
Water level
below land
surface (feet)
60.0146.5
110.0144.2
40.045.450.046.050.5
43.043.443.345.549.4
130.5148.3142.3162.0143.1144.7152.7154.0149.9152.6148.1154.4157.5165.5160.0131.4
Date of water level
measure ment
06/9311/95
06/9211/95
195905/661972197610/95
10/8306/9110/9404/9510/95
03/6610/6810/6911/7811/8011/8211/8311/8410/8510/8610/8710/8810/9010/9110/9210/94
Source of Remarks
data
D Recreation center well, drilled 1993.USGS
D # 1 1 Tee well, drilled 1992.USGS
D City of Loxley well number 1, drilledGSA 1959.GSAGSAUSGS
D Private irrigation well in same zone asGS A city of Loxley public-supply well KK-03.USGSUSGSUSGS
USGS Daphne supply well, inactive. DataGSA illustrated in figure 10 of this report.GSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSA
22
Table 4. Historic water-level records for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama-Continued (Source: D, driller; GSA, Geological Survey of Alabama; O, Owner; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey)
Altitude Local of land Depth
number surface (feet) (feet)
LL-11 145 315
PP-2 143 171260
PP-5 115 146
UU-9 78 148
ZZ-8 41 218
Water level
below land
surface (feet)
48.566.6
32.039.238.937.338.434.735.734.8
24.08.7
11.012.8
20.024.024.029.020.029.027.022.027.021.021.1
44.043.046.044.037.7
Date of water level
measure ment
06/5910/95
09/4905/6610/6910/7411/8011/8309/9410/95
11/5503/6603/8410/95
05/5403/6608/7001/7505/8008/8305/8605/9010/9010/9404/95
10/9010/9110/9210/9310/95
Source of Remarks
data
D Formally Lake Forest Utilities well.USGS Daphne well number 5, drilled 1959.
USGS City of Robertsdale well number 2,USGS drilled 1944, redrilled and deepenedUSGS 1958.USGSUSGSUSGSUSGSUSGS
D Town of Summerdale public-supply well.USGSGSAUSGS
D City of Foley well number 7.USGSOOOGSAQOOUSGSUSGS
O City of Gulf Shores well number 6.OOOUSGS
23
Table 4. Historic water-level records for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama-Continued (Source: D, driller; GSA, Geological Survey of Alabama; O, Owner; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey)
Local number
DDD-37
Altitude of land Depth surface (feet) (feet)
10 120
\\frttar WttlCl
level below land
surface(feet)
5.63.33.21.83.06.55.17.4
Date of water level
measure ment
06/8111/8310/8710/8810/8910/9010/9310/95
Source of
data
DGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAGSAUSGS
Remarks
Orange Beach W&FPA well number 2.
DDD-44 21 153 21.022.523.521.320.318.7
197104/84 06/84 03/87 07/87 09/94
DGSAGSAGSAGSAUSGS
Gulf Shores State Park Golf Course irrigation well.
Ground-Water Quality
The quality of the water in the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system generally is good, and many self-supplied homeowners use ground water with no treatment. Water-quality data for all of Baldwin County were published by Reed and McCain (1971); Walter and Kidd (1979) and Chandler and others (1985) published water-quality data for southern Baldwin County.
In general, ground water is more acidic in the southern part of the county. Ground water with dissolved-solids content exceeding 1,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L), a chloride content of 500 mg/L, and having a sulfurous odor occurs in the areas adjacent to the Mobile River and locally near the Gulf of Mexico. Ground-water quality in the inland areas is acidic and low in mineral content. In coastal areas, hydrogen sulfide and methane may occur. Problems with iron and sulfur occur in the Spanish Fort and Orange Beach areas.The results of chemical analyses of water from selected wells in Baldwin County are presented in table 5. The well locations are shown on figure 11.
24
Tabl
e 5.
Phy
sica
l and
che
mic
al p
rope
rties
of g
roun
d w
ater
from
sel
ecte
d w
ells
in B
aldw
in C
ount
y, A
laba
ma
[Lab
orat
ory
code
s: (
1) A
laba
ma
Stat
e D
epar
tmen
t of P
ublic
Hea
lth -
Bur
eau
of S
anita
tion;
(2)
Ala
bam
a St
ate
Envi
ronm
enta
l Hea
lth A
dmin
istra
tion
Labo
rato
ry; (
3) G
ulf C
oast
L
abor
ator
ies,
Inc
.; (4
) Int
erna
tiona
l Filt
er C
ompa
ny;
(5) L
eona
rd, R
.H.;
(6) O
rland
o La
bora
torie
s, In
c.; (
7) P
ensa
cola
Tes
ting
Labo
rato
ries;
(8)
Pio
neer
Lab
orat
ory,
Inc.
; (9
) Sa
vann
ah L
abor
ator
ies
and
Envi
ronm
enta
l Ser
vice
s, I
nc.;
(10)
Tho
mps
on E
ngin
eerin
g Te
stin
g, In
c. *
, Exc
eeds
max
imum
con
tam
inan
t lev
els
esta
blis
hed
by A
laba
ma
Dep
artm
ent o
f Env
iron
men
tal M
anag
emen
t, 19
94; T
DS,
tota
l dis
solv
ed so
lids;
mg/
L, m
illig
ram
s pe
r lite
r; --
, no
data
; <, l
ess
than
]
Loca
l w
ell
num
ber
(fig
. ID
G-5
K-9
U-5
U-1
5
CC
-5
CC
-14
KK
-8
LL
-10
NN
-3
Dep
th
scre
ened
(f
eet)
328-
378
388-
410
168-
199
207-
229
170-
290
205-
255
265-
305
308-
349
140-
180
140-
180
365-
390
455-
500
pH
(sta
n
dard
un
its)
8.0
7.3
5.2
6.07
6.6
6.9
5.6
5.65
6.8
TDS
SS
Ca
Mg
Na
(mg/
L)
JJo/
L)
(m8f
lO
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
400
25
5.6
2.7
160
8 2.
4
26
8
32
10
1.6
1.4
7.3
139
20
120
25
6.6
2.1
20
21
30
115
23
8.0
.8
HC
O3
SO4
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
7.0
8.4
..
3.7
<1 6 6.0
.. 7.3
3 6.6
a
K
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
160 6.0
14 7 9.6
6.8
4 5.5
Mn
Fe
NO
3as
N
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
0.01
4 0.
19
<.l
.00
.45*
.0
2
<.l
<.l
.01
.07
1.6
.0
1.8*
.086
* 1.
4*
<.l
.047
<.
05
.075
.12*
.7
5*
0
Lab
orat
ory
code
and
da
te
sam
pled
905
-18-
90
204
-11-
73
407
-11-
38
812
-13-
83
301
-11-
65
910
-07-
93
1007
-24-
84
711
-05-
74
302
-13-
64
Tabl
e 5.
Phy
sica
l and
che
mic
al p
rope
rties
of g
roun
d w
ater
from
sel
ecte
d w
ells
in B
aldw
in C
ount
y, A
laba
ma-
Con
tinue
d[L
abor
ator
y co
des:
(1)
Ala
bam
a St
ate
Dep
artm
ent o
f Pub
lic H
ealth
- B
urea
u of
San
itatio
n; (
2) A
laba
ma
Stat
e En
viro
nmen
tal H
ealth
Adm
inis
tratio
n La
bora
tory
; (3)
Gul
f Coa
st
Labo
rato
ries,
Inc.
; (4)
Inte
rnat
iona
l Filt
er C
ompa
ny; (
5) L
eona
rd, R
.H.;
(6) O
rland
o La
bora
torie
s, In
c.; (
7) P
ensa
cola
Tes
ting
Labo
rato
ries;
(8)
Pio
neer
Lab
orat
ory,
Inc
.; (9
) Sav
anna
h La
bora
torie
s an
d En
viro
nmen
tal S
ervi
ces,
Inc.
; (10
) Tho
mps
on E
ngin
eerin
g Te
stin
g, In
c. *
, Exc
eeds
max
imum
con
tam
inan
t lev
els
esta
blis
hed
by A
laba
ma
Dep
artm
ent o
f Env
ironm
enta
l Man
agem
ent,
1994
; TD
S, to
tal d
isso
lved
sol
ids;
mg/
L, m
illig
ram
s per
lite
r; --,
no
data
; <, l
ess
than
]
Loca
l w
ell
num
ber
(fig.
ID
NN
-15
OO
-4
PP-7
SS-1
5
WW
-9
ZZ-8
ZZ-1
0
ZZ-1
0
ZZ-2
8
ZZ-2
9
Dep
th
scre
ened
(f
eet)
110-
120
129-
154
195-
220
131-
186
150-
210
240-
270
244-
266
290-
330
163-
213
235-
245
270-
310
226-
256
396-
435
PH
(sta
n
dard
un
its)
5.75
5.5
5.17
5.8
5.8
4.09
6.2
5.08
4.4
6.0
TDS
(mg/
L)
48 10 ._ 73 18 25 17 48 190
Har
dnes
s ~,
as
CaC
O3
(m
g/L)
^m
g/
0.8 .6
2 .7
4.9
1.0
6.5
1.3
4 .8
4 7 1.
2
3.4
.6
12
2.9
Mg
(mg/
L)
1.9
1.2
<.01 .6 .8
4
.48
.96
<.50 1.2
Na
(mg/
L)
4.0
3.1
2.2
3.0
4.2
4.6
5.3
2.8
4.0
8.1
HC
O3
SO4
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
<1.0 1 <1 4.1
6.2
0 3.
8
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.9
Cl
(mg/
L)
7 5 3.4
4 5.8
7 8.2
4.3 6.3
3.5
K
Mn
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
0.3
0.02
.3 .0
1
<.01
<.
01
.5 .0
0
.023
.009
.010
.015
.013
.028
Fe
(mg/
L)
0.04 .10
.06
.15
.23
.49*
.33*
.16
.23
.98*
NQ
3 La
bora
tory
XT
code
and
asN
,
(mg/
L)
*"?
.*
sam
pled
1.8
503
-09-
82
.40
504
-26-
82
.73
804
-28-
87
503
-22-
74
<.l
908
-13-
90
.15
808
-05-
84
.315
8
04-1
2-84
.15
808
-10-
84
<.10
9
12-1
9-94
<.10
9
11-0
3-94
Tabl
e 5.
Phy
sica
l and
che
mic
al p
rope
rties
of g
roun
d w
ater
from
sel
ecte
d w
ells
in B
aldw
in C
ount
y, A
laba
ma-
Con
tinue
d[L
abor
ator
y co
des:
(1)
Ala
bam
a St
ate
Dep
artm
ent o
f Pub
lic H
ealth
- B
urea
u of
San
itatio
n; j(
2) A
laba
ma
Stat
e En
vkon
men
tal H
ealth
Adm
inis
tratio
n La
bora
tory
; (3)
Gul
f Coa
st
Labo
rato
ries,
Inc.
; (4)
Inte
rnat
iona
l Filt
er C
ompa
ny; (
5) L
eona
rd, R
.H.;
(6) O
rland
o La
bora
torie
s, In
c.; (
7) P
ensa
cola
Tes
ting
Labo
rato
ries;
(8)
Pio
neer
Lab
orat
ory,
Inc.
; (9
) Sa
vann
ah L
abor
ator
ies
and
Envi
ronm
enta
l Ser
vice
s, In
c.; (
10) T
hom
pson
Eng
inee
ring
Test
ing,
Inc.
*, E
xcee
ds m
axim
um c
onta
min
ant l
evel
s es
tabl
ishe
d by
Ala
bam
a D
epar
tmen
t of E
nviro
nmen
tal M
anag
emen
t, 19
94; T
DS,
tota
l dis
solv
ed s
olid
s; m
g/L,
mill
igra
ms p
er li
ter;
--, n
o da
ta; <
, les
s th
an]
Loca
l w
ell
num
ber
(fig.
ID
AA
A-2
2
BB
B-1
7
DD
D-3
4
^j
DD
D-3
4
DD
D-3
7
DD
D-3
9
DD
D-4
2
Dep
th
scre
ened
(f
eet)
280-
320
260-
300
103-
128
103-
128
100-
120
331-
407
330-
370
pH
(sta
n
dard
un
its)
5.2
5.4
5.3
5.0
5.0
6.6
6.1
TDS
Hard
nCSS
as
CaC
03
(mg/
(m
g/L)
32
6.9
4
56 38
12
70
30.8
75
35
Ca
(mg/
L)
1.4
1.5 .8 3.6
9.97
9.6
Mg
Na
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
<.50
3.
1
.2
3.4
.. .. .7
8.7
1.45
9.
3
2.7
6.9
HC
O3
SO4
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
5.1
.3 4 9
15
<1.0
43.9
18
.5
46.
8
a
(mg/
L)
6.1 2 14 14 6 12 7
K
Mn
Fe
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
(mg/
L)
<.01
0.
29
0.0
.0
.00
.02
0 .0
8
<.05
.1
4
<.05
.2
8
<.05
' .7
5*
NO
3as
N
(mg/
L)
<.10 .0 __ .03
<.02 .21
Labo
rato
ry
code
and
da
te
sam
pled
909
-26-
95
507
-00-
77
112
-11-
67
312
-12-
67
606
-00-
81
611
-00-
83
604
-11-
79
EXPLANATIONG-5
Well location and local well number
0 2.6 6 MILES
0 2.6 6 KILOMETERS
AAA-22 BBB-17*
77 20 "*" ^ £j~28 ZZ-10
ZZ-8» '
DDD-39 DD-34*..-
'D-42 Shores
Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000,1983Universal Transverse Mercator projection,Zone 16____________._________________
Figure 11. Location of selected wells for which water-quality data are available.
28
Aquifer Test Results
Prior estimates of the hydraulic characteristics of the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system, reported by Walter and Kidd (1979), give a range of transmissivity from 1,150 to 2,400 feet squared per day (ft2/d) and storage coefficients ranging from 0.00014 to 0.00115. During this study, hydraulic characteristics for the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system of Baldwin County were estimated at 10 locations using data from 11 wells (table 6). All of the aquifers tested were con fined.
All but one of the aquifer tests were single-well tests. In general, only moderate confidence can be placed on the results of a single-well test, and transmissivity is the only hydraulic characteristic that can be estimated. A multi-well aquifer test was performed for the city of Loxley public-supply well number 2 (KK-8) by the Geological Survey of Alabama (Tackle and others, 1993). It was possible to estimate the transmissivity and storage coefficient of the aquifer at this location.
/^
Estimates of aquifer transmissivity in Baldwin County ranged from 700 to 5,400 ft/d. Transmissivities were greatest in the southeastern part of the county, and least in the western part of the county near Mobile Bay (fig. 12). A storage coefficient of 0.0015 was determined for the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer near Loxley.
29
G-5 (3,600)
31°00'
EXPLANATION
Location of well used for aquifer test analysis. First number is local well number and number in parenthesis is estimated transmissivity in feet squared per day.
O 2.6 E MILESh-I-h '0 2.6 E KILOMETERS
ch
Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000,1983Universal Transverse Mercator projection,Zone 16 ______
Figure 12. Location of selected wells for which aquifer test analyses were performed.
30
Table 6. Results of aquifer test analyses for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama [Source of analysis: USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; GSA, Geological Survey of Alabama; ft2/d, feet squared per day]
Well number (fig. 12)
G-5
CC-15
KK-8
LL-21
WW-9
ZZ-10
ZZ-14
ZZ-22
ZZ-28
ZZ-29
DDD-9
DDD-35
Date of test
May 1990
May 1990
May 1991
November 1991
September 1990
August 1984
May 1989
November 1994
November 1994
November 1994
January 1978
January 1977
Transmissivity (tf/d)
3,600
1,440
3,800
2,800
700
5,000
5,400
2,100
2,600
970
1,150
2,400
Storage coefficient
not available
not available
.0015
not available
not available
not available
not available
not available
not available
not available
.00007
.00014
Method of analysis
modified non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
Theis non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
modified non- equilibrium
Black and Kipp, 1977
Theis
Source of analysis
USGS
USGS
USGS
USGS
USGS
USGS
USGS
USGS
USGS
USGS
GSA
GSA
31
SUMMARYBaldwin County lies within the East Gulf Coastal Plain physiographic section. The major
surface-water drainages are the Alabama, Tensaw, and Perdido Rivers. The freshwater-bearing sediments are composed of interbedded gravel, sand, silt and clay. These aquifers generally are confined to semiconfined by the interbedded clay units.
The Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system is currently the sole source of public-water supply in Baldwin County. It is also heavily utilized for self-supplied domestic, agricultural, and recreational purposes. Wells supplying private homes rarely need be more than 200 feet deep, with the most common depth being about 100 feet. The depth of public-supply wells generally ranges between 100 and 300 feet.
The ground-water resources data presented in this report represent conditions for the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system for the period of September 1994 to November 1995. Total daily withdrawal from the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system was estimated to be 41 million gallons per day. Agricultural use accounts for about 68 percent, public water supply accounts for about 30 percent, and the other 2 percent is for self-supplied domestic, commercial, and industrial uses.
Comparison of historic and current ground-water level data indicate that there has been no significant decline in ground-water levels in most of Baldwin County. This suggests that current ground-water use levels in Baldwin County are sustainable. However, ground-water levels may be declining in the general area of Spanish Fort and Daphne. Ground-water levels in the Gulf Shores and Orange Beach areas are less than 5 feet above sea level in places.
Water quality generally is good, and many self-supplied homeowners use ground water with no treatment. Problems with water quality occur near the Mobile River, Spanish Fort, and Orange Beach areas.
The transmissivity of the Miocene-Pliocene aquifer system of Baldwin County, estimated at 10 locations using pump test data from 11 wells, ranged from 700 to 5,400 feet squared per day. Transmissivities were greatest in the southeastern part of the county, and least in the western part of the county near Mobile Bay.
32
REFERENCES CITED
Adams, G.I., Butts, C., Stephenson, L.W., and Cooke, C.W., 1926, Geology of Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Special Report 14, 312 p.
Alabama Department of Environmental Management, 1991, Water quality criteria: Alabama Department of Environmental Management Administrative Code, Chapter 335-6-10.
Baker, R.M., Gillett, Blakeney, Meng, P.M., and Bolin, D.E., 1982, Use of water in Alabama, 1980: Geological Survey of Alabama Information Series 59, 50 p.
Baker, R.M., and Mooty, W.S., 1993, Use of water in Alabama, 1990: Geological Survey of Alabama Information Series 59E, 49 p.
Baker, R.M., and Raymond, D.E., 1990, A preliminary report on wellhead protection area delineation: a demonstration project: Geological Survey of Alabama, 119 p.
Black, J.H., and Kipp, K.L., Jr., 1977, Observation well response time and its effects upon aquifer test results: Journal of Hydrology, v. 34, no. 3-4, pp. 297-306.
Cagle, J.W., Jr., and Newton, J.G., 1963, Geology and ground-water resources of Escambia County, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Bulletin 74, 205 p.
Carlston, C.W., 1950, Pleistocene history of coastal Alabama: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, vol. 61, p. 1119-1130.
Chandler, R.V., Moore, J.D., and Gillett, Blakeney, 1985, Ground-water chemistry and saltwater encroachment, southern Baldwin County, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Bulletin 126, 166 p.
Chandler, R.V., Gillett, Blakeney, and DeJarnette, S.S., 1996, Hydrogeologic and water-use data for southern Baldwin County, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Circular 188, 124 p.
Copeland, C. W., 1968, Geology of the Alabama Coastal Plain - A guidebook: Geological Survey of Alabama Circular 47, 97 p.
Davis, M.E., 1987, Stratigraphic and hydrogeologic framework of the Alabama Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4112, 39 p.
Eby, J.B., and Nicar, E.G., 1936, Magnetic investigations in southwest Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Bulletin 43, 41 p.
Gillett, Blakeney, and Moore, J.D., 1987, Ground-water levels in Alabama: 1986 water year October 1, 1986 - September 30, 1986): Geological Survey of Alabama Circular 112F, 329 p.
Hardin, J.D., Sapp, C.D., Emplaincourt, J.L., and Richter, K.E., 1976, Shoreline and bathymetric changes in the coastal area of Alabama, a remote-sensing approach: Geological Survey of Alabama Information Series 50, 125 p.
Hinkle, Frank, 1984, Ground-water resources of the lower Tombigbee-Mobile River corridor: Geological Survey of Alabama Circular 115, 56 p.
Jackle, J.L., Baker, R.M., and Raymond, D.E., 1993, Wellhead protection development, town of Loxley, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Information Series 73, 29 p.
33
Me Williams, R.G., and Joiner, T.J., 1970, Gravity survey of Baldwin County, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Circular 60, 84 p.
Miller, J.A., 1986, Hydrogeologic framework of the Floridian aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1403-6,91 p.
Miller, J.A., 1990, Ground water atlas of the United States: Segment 6, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigation Atlas 0730-G, 28 p.
Miller, J.A., and Renken, R.A., 1988, Nomenclature of regional hydrogeologic units of the southeastern Coastal Plain aquifer system: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigation Report 87-4202, 21 p.
Mooty, W.S., 1988, Geohydrology and susceptibility of major aquifers to surface contamination in Alabama; Area 13: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4080, 33 p.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1991, Climatological data annual summary, Alabama: Ashville, N.C., National Climatic Data Center, v. 97, no. 13.
Osborne, WE., Szabo, M.W, Copeland, C.W., Jr., and Neathery, T.L., 1989, Geologic map of Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Special Map 221, 1 sheet.
Raymond, D.E., 1983, Depositional sequences in the Pensacola Clay of southwest Alabama and their significance in petroleum exploration in Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 33, 1983, p. 195-201: Geological Survey of Alabama Reprint Series 52.
Raymond, D.E., 1985, Depositional sequences in the Pensacola Clay (Miocene) of southwest Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Bulletin 114, 87 p.
Raymond, D.E., Copeland, C.W, and Rindsberg, A.K., 1993, Post-Miocene sediments of theshallow subsurface of coastal Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Circular 168, 93 p.
Reed, PC., 1971, Geology of Baldwin County: Geological Survey of Alabama Map 94, 5 p.
Reed, PC., and McCain, J.F., 1971, Water availability of Baldwin County, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Map 96, 55 p.
Robinson, J.L., Moreland, R.S., and Clark, A.E., 1996, Potentiometric surface of the Miocene- Pliocene aquifer system of Baldwin County, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-590, 1 sheet.
Sapp, C.D., and Emplaincourt, J., 1975, Physiographic regions of Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Special Map 168, 1 sheet.
Smith, C.C., 1989, Regional bio stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental history of the Miocene of onshore and offshore Alabama in Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 39, 1989, p. 285-301: Geological Survey of Alabama Reprint Series 76.
__1991, Foraminiferal biostratigraphic framework, paleoenvironments, rates of sedimentation, and geologic history of the subsurface Miocene of southern Alabama and adjacent State and Federal waters: Geological Survey of Alabama Bulletin 138, 223 p.
34
Smith, W.E., 1986, Geomorphology of coastal Baldwin County, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Bulletin 124, 86 p.
U.S. Bureau of Census, 1995, Population estimates, and population distribution branches.
Walter, G.R., and Kidd, R.E., 1979, Ground-water management techniques for the control of salt water encroachment in Gulf Coast aquifers, a summary report: Alabama Geological Survey Open-File Report, 84 p.
35
Appendix 1
Records for selected wells in Baldwin County, Alabama, 1996.
37
Rec
ords
for
sel
ecte
d w
ells
in B
aldw
in C
ount
y, A
laba
ma,
199
6G
eogr
aphi
c co
ordi
nate
num
ber:
Lat
itude
(D
DM
MSS
), L
ongi
tude
(D
DD
MM
SS),
and
sequ
ence
num
ber
(01,
02, e
tc.).
Dri
ller:
(1)
Acm
e D
rilli
ng C
o., (
2) A
la. H
wy.
Dep
t., (3
) Alm
s Pu
mp
Serv
ice,
Inc.
, (4)
Als
ay P
ippi
n C
orp.
, (5)
Byr
ds W
ell a
nd P
ump
Supp
ly C
o., (
6) D
avid
Cai
n, (7
) C
arlo
ss W
ell S
uppl
y C
o.,
(8)
Cof
fey
Wel
l Dri
lling
, (9)
D&
H W
ell C
o., (
10) J
ohn
H. D
avis
, (1
1) D
eep
Wel
l Dri
lling
Co.
, (12
) D
ugge
r D
rilli
ng C
o.,
(13)
Eth
erid
ge P
lum
bing
Co.
, (14
) G
rave
s W
ell D
rilli
ng C
o.,
(15)
Gra
y A
rtes
ian
Wel
l Co.
, (16
) G
rine
r D
rilli
ng S
ervi
ce, I
nc.,
(17)
Hol
land
Wel
l Co.
, (18
) L
ayne
Cen
tral
Co.
, (19
) J.A
. Mos
ely,
(20)
Pon
der
Dri
lling
Co.
, (21
) Po
pe E
ngin
eeri
ng,
(22)
Pow
ell D
rilli
ng C
o., (
23) T
erry
's W
ell S
ervi
ce, (
24) U
riah
Dri
lling
Co.
, (25
) Wel
don
Dri
lling
Co.
, (26
) E.C
. Whi
te, (
27) D
avid
Wils
on, (
28) W
indh
am a
nd S
ons
Pum
p an
d Su
pply
Co.
,
(29)
Unk
now
n.
Dep
th o
f wel
l: D
epth
of w
ell g
iven
in f
eet b
elow
land
sur
face
.
Wat
er le
vel:
Mea
sure
d w
ater
leve
ls a
re in
feet
and
tent
hs (
roun
ded)
abo
ve o
r be
low
land
sur
face
; neg
ativ
e w
ater
leve
l ind
icat
es w
ater
leve
l abo
ve la
nd s
urfa
ce.
Alti
tude
of l
and
surf
ace:
Alti
tude
s gi
ven
in fe
et a
bove
sea
leve
l, fr
om to
pogr
aphi
c m
aps;
alti
tude
s gi
ven
in fe
et a
nd te
nths
det
erm
ined
by
stan
dard
sur
vey
leve
ling.
Dat
e of
mea
sure
men
t: m
onth
/day
/yea
r.
Met
hod
of li
ft: F
, flo
win
g; J
, jet
; N, n
one;
R, r
otar
y; S
, sub
mer
sibl
e; T
, tur
bine
.
Use
of w
ell:
Ag,
agr
icul
ture
; C
, com
mer
cial
; D, d
omes
tic;
F, f
ire p
rote
ctio
n; I
, ind
ustr
ial;
In, i
nstit
utio
nal;
Ir, i
rrig
atio
n; M
, mon
itori
ng;
O, o
bser
vatio
n; P
, pub
lic s
uppl
y; R
, rec
reat
ion;
00
S, s
tock
; T, t
est;
U, u
nuse
d.
Rem
arks
: ga
l/min
, gal
lons
per
min
ute
Loc
al
num
ber
A-5
B-3
B-4
B-5
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3116
1808
7422
301
3117
2808
7452
801
3117
4208
7454
301
3117
3508
7455
001
Ow
ner
Littl
e R
iver
Chu
rch
R C
ox
Scot
t Pap
er
do.
Dep
th
Dril
ler
of w
ell
(fee
t)
5 15
5
26
-50
5 5
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
4 4 4 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
115
37 25 35
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
68.0
68.2
27.4 9.5
17.5
23.1
28.0
Dat
e
10-1
1-95
10-3
0-95
10-1
1-95
10-1
1-95
10-3
0-95
10-1
1-95
10-3
0-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
S In
D
rille
d 19
95
S S
Supp
lies
dairy
S C
Lum
ber y
ard
atD
ixie
Lan
ding
S C
do.
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
D-9
D-1
0
D-l
l
E-8
E-9
E-10
E-l
l
E-1
2
F-l
l
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3113
0908
7430
902
3110
2108
7472
902
3110
2108
7472
901
3112
2708
7371
101
3112
2808
7411
201
3112
1608
7413
801
3111
5808
7414
501
3111
2808
7423
501
3105
4208
7382
401
Ow
ner
T. B
radl
ey
Cam
pbel
l
do.
T. F
razi
er
Hug
hes
East
ern
do.
Mat
thew
s
do.
B. B
iggs
_..
D
epth
D
iam
eter
L/
nuer
/r
\
/ L
\ (fe
et)
(inch
es)
24
-210
4
29
4
13
353
4
26
340
4
29
-350
4
29
399
4
16
412
3
5 20
0 4
5 13
0 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (fe
et)
173
160
160
310
210
120
100
240
310
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surfa
ce
(feet
)
114.
0
108.
110
8.2
101.
510
2.0
174.
3
115.
411
4.4
114.
2
27.1
26.7
27.0
-1.1
112.
811
2.9
61.0
59.3
Dat
e
10-3
1-95
04-2
8-95
10-3
1-95
04-2
8-95
10-3
1-95
04-2
0-95
01-3
1-95
04-1
7-95
10-3
1-95
01-3
1-95
04-1
8-95
10-3
1-95
10-3
0-95
10-1
1-95
10-3
0-95
04-1
0-95
11-0
1-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
S D
D
rille
d 19
82
S D
N
U
Form
erly
list
ed a
sG
-l, d
rille
d 19
63
S D
D
rille
d 19
87,
pum
ped
20 g
al/m
in
S I
Dril
led
for O
il an
dG
as p
erm
it 30
39
S U
D
rille
d fo
r Oil
and
Gas
per
mit
3202
N
U
Dril
led
for O
il an
dG
as p
erm
it 29
25
S D
,C
Mat
thew
s H
untin
gC
amp
S D
,Ag
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
-Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
F-12
F-13
F-14
F-15
G-5
H-5 1-21
K-5
K-9
L-3
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
tenu
mbe
r
3105
4108
7382
201
3105
3308
7383
001
3110
1308
7391
801
3107
3708
7375
901
3108
1708
7484
901
3108
1808
7501
701
3112
1708
7365
701
3101
5008
7513
501
3101
4808
7510
801
3101
1708
7441
101
Ow
ner
do.
C. H
ayle
s
Mat
thew
s
D. D
ean
Tens
aw W
ater
Aut
horit
y
Scot
t Pap
er
T. B
oyet
te
Bal
dwin
Co.
Boa
rd o
fEd
ucat
ion
Stoc
kton
Wat
erA
utho
rity
Hal
l
«.
Dep
th
Dril
ler
/e *V
. (fe
et)
29
72
26
130
29
-145
5 -7
0
16
410
29 8 39
0
13
86
1 20
6
5 14
0
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
2 4 4 4 8 4 4 4 12 4
Alti
tude
of la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
310
315
245
305
85 20 310
112
115
308
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
surf
ace
(fee
t)
5.0
3.3
68.1
66.4
124.
8
45.6
45.8 5.5
5.1
5.3
-1.0 -.4
173.
2
77.8
77.4
77.6
98.5
101.
0
Dat
e
04-1
0-95
11-0
1-95
04-1
3-95
11-0
1-95
10-3
0-95
10-1
1-95
10-3
0-95
10-0
6-94
04-1
8-95
10-3
1-95
10-1
1-95
10-3
0-95
11-0
3-95
01-1
0-95
04-1
7-95
10-2
5-95
04-2
8-95
10-2
6-95
Lift
Use
N
U
S D
,Ag
N
U
S D
T P
S R
S D
N
U
S P
S D
Rem
arks
Dril
led
for O
il an
dG
as p
erm
it 17
42
Pum
ped
226
gal/m
in
Fort
Pier
ce H
untin
gC
lub
Esca
mbi
a C
ount
y,A
laba
ma
Vau
ghn
Elem
enta
rySc
hool
Pum
ped
200
gal/m
in
Not
mea
sure
d fo
rth
is s
tudy
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
9%-C
ontin
ued
Loc
al
num
ber
M-6
M-8
M-9
M-1
0
M-l
l
0-6
O-7
0-8
P-6
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3100
1608
7372
001
3101
1008
7385
001
3101
1608
7384
501
3101
4108
7422
601
3101
1808
7420
001
3056
0108
7401
601
3057
3008
7371
301
3057
3108
7370
901
3059
4608
7442
501
Ow
ner
Perd
ido
Jr
Hig
h Sc
hool
Perd
ido
Vin
eyar
ds
Perd
ido
Fire
D
epar
tmen
t
T. B
row
n
E. L
ong
Scot
t Pap
er
Co.
E. H
owel
l
do.
G. S
tew
art
^.n
D
epth
D
rille
r ,c
* .
(fee
t)
17
260
5 10
4
26
160
29
-90
19
-62
26
230
29
60
29
-140
26
-76
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
4 4 4 2 2 4 2 4 2
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
270
212
205
301
305
195
232
230
292
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
33.9
34.3
29.2
28
.8
28.5
61.2
53
.6
58.2
71.6
71
.3
71.1
41.0
37
.9
37.6
43.3
67.3
67
.8
65.6
Dat
e L
ift
Use
R
emar
ks
T
P W
ell d
rille
d 19
47
and
dest
roye
d in
19
85
04-1
0-95
S
C
10-3
0-95
01-1
1-95
S
F 04
-10-
95
10-3
0-95
04-1
4-95
N
U
10
-30-
95
10-3
0-95
N
U
01-1
0-95
S
Ir
Dril
led
1985
04
-13-
95
11-0
1-95
01-1
0-95
N
U
D
ug w
ell
04-1
3-95
11
-01-
95
11-0
3-95
N
U
01-1
2-95
N
U
04
-10-
95
10-3
0-95
P-7
3059
4708
7442
801
H. S
tew
art
2699
2
292
66.5
04-1
0-95
N
U
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Si
Loc
al
num
ber
P-8
P-9
Q-1
3
Q-1
4
Q-1
5
Q-1
6
T-l
l
T-12
T-13
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3056
2108
7455
201
3056
2108
7455
301
3058
2808
7513
701
3059
1308
7515
701
3058
5608
7502
301
3057
3808
7512
701
3051
2208
7515
301
3049
5908
7520
101
3052
5708
7533
101
Ow
ner
R. S
tew
art
do.
D. J
acks
on
Ove
rsea
sH
ardw
ood
Co.
B. W
isem
an
A. C
rane
Uni
roya
lC
hem
ical
Co.
C. W
illia
ms
P. P
atric
k
Dri
ller
26 26 29 29 9 26 21 13 26
Dep
th
(feet
)
110
197
49
-100 190
275
168
89 230
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
2 4 7 4 4 4 6,2
4 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rface
(feet
)
272
272
102
26 118
110
115
154
35
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
ndsu
rfac
e(f
eet)
79.9
83.6
35.8
33.6
32.5
71.0
71.6
55.7
65.4
64.9
64.7
53.9
54.8
52.1
11.1
10.2
Dat
e L
ift
Use
R
emar
ks
04-1
0-95
N
U
04-1
0-95
S
D
Dril
led
1982
01-1
2-95
N
U
04-1
3-95
10-2
5-95
Not
mea
sure
d fo
rth
is s
tudy
04-1
3-95
S
Ir10
-25-
95
11-0
7-95
S
P D
rille
d 19
90,
pum
ped
27 g
al/m
in
02-0
1-95
N
M
D
rille
d 19
8304
-17-
9510
-30-
95
02-0
1-95
N
U
04-1
1-95
10-3
0-95
02-0
1-95
S
P D
rille
d 19
75,
04- 1
1 -95
pu
mpe
d 1 5
gal
/min
T-14
30
5320
0874
9280
1 B
aldw
inC
ount
y29
94
220
89.1
10-2
6-95
N
M
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
U-5
U-6
U-8
U-l
l
U-1
4A
U-1
5
U-1
6
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3053
0508
7462
901
3052
5808
7455
801
3054
3008
7483
501
3051
4508
7462
001
3052
0108
7461
703
3052
5808
7470
801
3049
5408
7463
302
Ow
ner
Dril
lei
City
of B
ay
18M
inet
te
Plas
min
e 18
Indu
strie
s
E. P
rops
t 29
City
of B
ay
18M
inet
te
City
of B
ay
18M
inet
te
do.
18
Cul
ver's
29
Nur
sery
Alti
tude
D
epth
D
iam
eter
of
land
(f
eet)
(inch
es)
surf
ace
(fee
t)
228
12,8
27
1
256
24,1
0 27
9
-30
2 26
2
185
24,1
2 26
5
185
24,1
2 25
5
265
24,1
6 26
9
-85
4 23
3
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
ndsu
rface
(feet
)
86.0
85.6
84.0
82.8
29.3
26.8
74.6
66.4
66.8
66.1
85.8
85.4
82.2
76.0
70.3
70.1
Dat
e
10-0
6-94
04-1
7-95
10-3
1-95
10-3
1-95
02-0
2-95
04-1
4-95
10-0
6-94
10-0
6-94
04-1
7-95
10-3
1-95
10-0
6-94
04-1
8-95
10-3
1-95
10-2
8-94
04-1
1-95
10-3
1-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
T P
Wel
l 1, d
rille
d 19
38,
rew
orke
d 19
51,
pum
ped
307
gal/m
in i
n19
93
T C
W
ell 7
, pum
ped
968
gal/m
in in
195
9,fo
rmer
ly N
ewpo
rtIn
dust
ries
N
U
T P
Wel
l 3, d
rille
d 19
65,
pum
ped
503
gal/m
in i
n 19
93
T P
Wel
l 4, d
rille
d 19
74,
pum
ped
503
gal/m
in in
199
3
T P
Wel
l 5, d
rille
d 19
83,
pum
ped
1,00
0ga
l/min
, in
1993
N
U
U-1
730
4955
0874
6320
1 do
.17
255
230
70.1
11-0
6-95
Dri
lled
1974
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
U-1
8
U-1
9
U-2
0
V-8
V-9 Y-5
Y-6
Y-7
Y-8
Z-1
4
Z-15
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3052
5508
7454
701
3053
2408
7430
501
3054
0508
7461
501
3052
1208
7395
901
3052
1208
7392
201
3044
3408
7473
101
3047
0508
7464
101
3049
1308
7485
301
3047
1308
7463
301
3047
5808
7522
001
3045
1708
7534
801
Ow
ner
Plas
min
eIn
dust
ries
Har
rison
Hod
gson
R. B
jom
as
J. C
oolie
Tow
n of
Stap
leto
n
J. Pe
nna
Car
pent
er
Hol
ly H
ills
Cou
ntry
Clu
b
S. M
artin
R.C
. Bel
l
Dril
ler
29 24 26 26 26 22 26 6 29 26 26
Dep
th
(fee
t)
-40 105
187
105
80 112
180
-70
-70 120
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
2 4 6 4 4 12 4 4 4 4 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e(f
eet)
270
190
230
180
185
221
213
246
220
154
88
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
ndsu
rfac
e(fe
et)
39.0
45.6
36.9
40.5
39.0
37.5
50.4
49.0
53.3
53.5
99.3
99.6
60.0
58.2
62.4
63.9
48.2
46.5
40.6
Dat
e
10-3
1-95
10-3
1-95
10-1
0-95
01-3
0-95
04-1
3-95
10-3
0-95
01-3
1-95
04-1
3-95
04-2
6-95
10-3
1-95
04-2
7-95
10-3
0-95
04-2
6-95
10-3
1-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
5-95
04-2
6-95
10-3
1-95
10-3
1-95
Lif
t
N S S S S S S N S S S
Use
M D R D D P U u Ir R S
Rem
arks
Dril
led
1994
Pum
ped
8 ga
l/min
Pum
ped
208
gal/m
in
Dril
led
1982
.
Dril
led
1994
Pum
ped
125
gal/m
in
Dril
led
1977
Pum
ped
125
gal/m
in in
199
5
Use
d to
fill
pond
Dril
led
1992
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
Z-16
CC
-5
CC
-6
CC-1
1
CC
-14
CC
-15
CC
-16
CC
-17
CC
-18
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3045
1908
7534
301
3040
2408
7524
401
3040
0708
7534
201
3039
1008
7511
001
3040
1708
7541
401
3040
3708
7510
501
3040
3708
7495
601
3040
3408
7500
101
3040
3208
7500
101
Ow
ner
R.C
. Bel
l
Span
ish
Fort
Wat
er S
yste
m
do.
Mal
bis
Plan
tatio
n
Span
ish
Fort
Wat
er S
yste
m
Span
ish
Fort
Wat
er S
yste
m
Ever
woo
dTr
eatm
ent C
o.
Grin
erD
rillin
g
do.
Dril
ler
26 18 18 17 16 16 21 16 16
Dep
th
(fee
t)
75 309
378
260
349
364
340
60 335
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
2 16,1
0,8
18,1
2
16,8
16,1
0
16,8 4 4 6
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e(f
eet)
92 152
170
195
135
200
200
205
205
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
ndsu
rfac
e(fe
et)
44.8
129.
512
6.8
129.
2
134.
513
3.4
186.
0
131.
413
6.9
43.6
43.6
42.9
131.
613
6.8
Dat
e
10-3
1-95
10-0
5-94
04-1
2-95
10-2
4-95
10-0
5-94
04-1
2-95
10-0
5-94 ,
04-1
0-95
10-2
4-95
10-0
7-94
04-1
0-95
10-2
4-95
04-1
0-95
10-2
4-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
N
U
T P
Wel
ll, p
umpe
d20
0 ga
l/min
in 1
965
T P
Wel
l 2, n
o st
atic
wat
er-le
vel
mea
sure
men
ts m
ade
durin
g th
is s
tudy
T P
Not
mea
sure
d fo
rth
is s
tudy
T P
Wel
l 4, d
rille
d 19
93,
not i
n us
e 19
94,
pum
ped
402
gal/m
in
T P
Wel
l 3, d
rille
d 19
90
S I
S C
S C
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
CC
-19
CC
-20
CC
-21
CC
-22
CC
-23
CC
-24
DD
-5
DD
-6
DD
-7
DD
-8
DD
-9
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3039
1008
7511
201
3040
0708
7511
301
3040
0508
7514
201
3040
3508
7515
801
3039
5008
7512
701
3041
0608
7542
601
3038
5508
7453
301
3038
5608
7453
301
3043
0608
7480
101
3043
2308
7462
501
3042
2208
7464
201
Ow
ner
Mal
bis
Plan
tatio
n
Tim
ber C
reek
Gol
f Clu
b
do.
do.
do.
Fish
bein
Flow
erw
ood
Nur
sery
Flow
erw
ood
Nur
sery
J. R
eeve
s
D. S
imps
on
Inte
rnat
iona
lPa
per C
o.
Dril
ler
17 3 16 16 16 3 17 17 26 19 3
Dep
th
(fee
t)
160
400
170 345
386
240
147
140
118
-100
-108
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
4 4 8 8 8 4 6 4 4 4 6.
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rface
(fe
et)
195
185
150
170
160
140
180
180
215
212
190
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surfa
ce
(feet
)
126.
612
8.6
183.
2
67.6
146.
5
144.
2
102.
4
55.9
57.4
52.3
50.9
54.5
52.4
48.0
47.8
46.9
28.8
28.1
25.8
30.5
Dat
e
04-1
2-95
10-2
6-95
11-0
7-95
11-0
6-95
11-0
6-95
11-0
6-95
10-2
6-95
10-2
5-94
04-1
0-95
10-2
4-95
10-2
5-94
04-1
0-95
10-2
4-95
10-2
8-94
04-1
1-95
10-2
4-95
04-1
9-95
10-2
6-95
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
Lif
t
S S S S S S S S S S N
Use
R Ir Ir Ir Ir Ir Ir U Ir S U
Rem
arks
Use
d to
fill
pond
Dril
led
1994
, Sal
esO
ffice
wel
l, pu
mpe
d60
gal/m
in
Pum
phou
se w
ell
Rec
. Cen
ter W
ell
#11
Tee
Wel
l
Pum
ped
30 g
al/m
in
Pum
ped
300
gal/m
in
Pum
ped
100
gal/m
in
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinu
ed
Loc
al
num
ber
DD
-10
DD
-11
FF-8
FF-9
FF-1
0
HH
-4
HH
-5
E-3
JJ-7
JJ-8
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3042
2108
7464
301
3040
0008
7454
701
3040
2008
7351
001
3040
2008
7361
101
3042
4308
7362
101
3034
4708
7251
801
3038
2908
7263
901
3038
2308
7345
401
3034
0408
7370
701
3037
5208
7405
301
Ow
ner
do.
Ider
Tru
ckSe
rvic
e
Spaf
ford
A. C
. Mar
tin
Bar
tl Fa
rms
Stat
e of
Ala
bam
a
B. M
addo
x
Sim
onso
n
Elsa
nor
Vol
unte
erFi
re D
ept.
M. E
lliso
n
Dri
ller
3 29 29 28 3 2 23 3 12 3
Dep
th
(fee
t)
130
-160 24 81 16
0
263
126
130
-50
-150
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
6 4 56 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rface
(fe
et)
190
192
160
100
160
55 168
110
138
180
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
38.2
46.8
63.6 9.8
21.0
19.6
45.7
40.1
39.6
39.5
56.4
52.1
36.5
36.6
12.1
10.9
10.7
42.7
42.5
Dat
e
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
11-0
1-95
04-2
7-95
04-2
7-95
10-2
4-95
10-1
2-95
01-3
0-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
5-95
04-2
7-95
11-0
1-95
04-1
3-95
10-2
5-95
10-0
7-94
04-1
3-95
10-2
6-95
04-2
7-95
10-2
4-95
Lif
t
N S N S S S S S S S
Use
R
emar
ks
U C U
Dug
wel
l abo
ut 1
00ye
ars
old
D Ag
Dril
led
1995
P D
rille
d 19
72
D D F D
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
-Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
JJ-9
JJ-1
0
KK
-3
KK
-8
KK
-9
KK
-10
KK
-11
KK
-12
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
tenu
mbe
r
3034
3308
7413
101
3037
3108
7382
201
3039
0008
7401
001
3036
2408
7450
701
3037
5508
7464
901
3038
0308
7470
501
3037
5908
7452
001
3037
0708
7434
601
Ow
ner
Wat
ers
Bay
woo
dPr
oduc
ts
City
of
Loxl
ey
do.
Bal
dwin
Who
lesa
leFl
oris
t
Sunc
oast
Nur
sery
R. B
arnh
ill
G. B
ums
Alti
tude
_.
Dep
th
Dia
met
er
of la
nd
Dril
ler
,-*',.
/
u \
_r
(fee
t) (in
ches
) su
rfac
e(f
eet)
3 14
2 4
154
29
-100
4
150
18
184
12,8
17
1
17
180
16,1
0 16
5
29
161
6 17
8
29
-200
4
180
3 16
0 4
172
3 38
0 4
164
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
surf
ace
(fee
t)
51.8
51.8
51.3
50.1
50.5
62.4
58.6
58.4
58.9
58.9
59.0
61.1
63.0
62.6
43.0
45.6
49.5
61.8
61.8
63.2
Dat
e
08-2
4-95
10-2
4-95
11-0
1-95
10-0
5-94
10-2
5-95
10-0
5-94
04-1
1-95
10-2
5-95
10-2
5-94
04-1
0-95
10-2
5-95
10-2
6-94
04-1
1-95
10-2
7-95
10-2
5-94
04-1
1-95
10-2
7-95
12-1
3-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
6-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
S S
Pum
ped
30 g
al/m
in
S C
T P
Dril
led
1959
,pu
mpe
d 30
5ga
l/min
T P
Dril
led
1984
,pu
mpe
d 1,
125
gal/m
in
S Ir
S Ir
S Ir
D
rille
d 19
83,
pum
ped
90 g
al/m
in
S Ir
D
rille
d 19
92
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
-Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
KK
-13
KK
-14
KK
-15
LL-6
LL-1
0
LL-1
1
LL-1
3
LL-1
4
LL-1
5
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3036
4408
7463
401
3036
5408
7463
201
3034
1308
7464
001
3036
0608
7540
601
3036
0008
7510
601
3038
2908
7535
601
3038
0908
7521
901
3036
4208
7525
501
3036
3108
7520
101
Ow
ner
Bal
dwin
C
ount
y
do.
Petu
ris
City
of
Dap
hne
Bel
fore
st
Wat
er S
yste
m
City
of
Dap
hne
do.
City
of
Dap
hne
do.
ru.11
D
epth
D
rille
r ,r
*\ N
(fee
t)
29
37
29
27
16
200
18
452
1 18
0
18
315
22
176
22
198
16
210
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
2 2 6 12,6
12 12,8
,6
16,1
0
18,1
2
8
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
120
135
130
153
145
145
115
. 142 15
0
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surfa
ce
(feet
)
22.8
23
.2
22.5
22
.8
52.9
65.4
58
.9
66.6
68.5
66.2
60
.8
73.7
65
.9
Dat
e
10-1
2-95
10
-30-
95
10-1
2-95
10
-30-
95
11-0
1-95
10-0
4-94
04
-14-
95
10-2
7-95
11-0
1-95
10-0
4-94
10
-31-
95
10-2
7-94
10
-26-
95
Lif
t U
se
Rem
arks
N
M
N
M
S IT
D
rille
d 19
94,
pum
ped
80 g
al/m
in
T P
Dril
led
1966
, not
m
easu
red
durin
g th
is s
tudy
T P
Dril
led
1974
, not
m
easu
red
durin
g th
is s
tudy
T P
Wel
l 5, d
rille
d 19
59,
pum
ped
319
gal/m
in
T
P W
ell 7
, dri
lled
1982
, pu
mpe
d 59
6 ga
l/min
T P
Wel
l 4, d
rille
d 19
84,
pum
ped
125
gal/m
in
N
O
Obs
erva
tion
wel
l fo
r Wel
l 3
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
LL-1
6
LL-1
7
LL-1
8
LL-1
9
LL-2
0
LL-2
1
NN
-3
NN
-4
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3036
3808
7522
501
3035
2308
7492
901
3033
4308
7540
201
3034
4308
7511
301
3035
0208
7540
001
3036
3808
7522
502
3031
0708
7532
801
3031
3508
7540
701
Ow
ner
do.
G. B
ums
M. K
ovac
Cor
te
Jubi
lee
Land
scap
e
City
of
Dap
hne
City
of
Fairh
ope
City
of
Fairh
ope
_.
Dep
th
Dri
ller
,, v
. (f
eet)
16
215
3 18
2
10
337
17
-150
16
220
16
215
18
510
18
479
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
8 4 4 4 4 20 20,1
2
16,1
0
Alti
tude
of la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
155
145
115
140
120
155
118
100
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
su
rfac
e(fe
et)
78.4
70.1
68.3
67.4
67.4
65.8
82.0
43.6
43.5
53.1
90.5
89.8
89.9
68.2
Dat
e
10-2
7-94
04-1
4-95
10-2
7-95
12-1
3-94
04-2
0-95
10-3
0-95
10-1
2-95
10-1
2-95
11-0
1-95
11-0
1-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
10-2
4-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
N
O
Obs
erva
tion
wel
lfo
r Wel
l 8
S IT
D
rille
d 19
94
S D
D
rille
d 19
81
S D
S IT
D
rille
d 19
86
T P
Wel
l 8, d
rille
d 19
91,
not m
easu
red
for
this
stu
dy
T U
In
activ
e w
ell,
pum
ped
752
gal/m
in
T U
In
activ
e w
ell,
pum
ped
614
gal/m
in
NN
-15
3028
5008
7540
901
do.
1823
0 20
,14
9068
.909
-13-
94W
ell 4
, dril
led
1981
, pu
mpe
d 74
8 ga
l/min
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
NN
-16
NN
-17
NN
-18
NN
-19
NN
-20
OO
-l
OO
-4
OO
-6
00-
7
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3028
4908
7534
801
3033
5808
7510
401
3029
1808
7541
401
3029
0708
7550
001
3031
3008
7510
201
3032
4508
7450
501
3029
3508
7490
001
3031
2308
7484
201
3028
2208
7430
901
Ow
ner
Stre
et D
airy
V. A
legr
a
Lake
fore
st
Gol
f Cou
rse
Lake
woo
d G
olf C
ours
e
City
of
Fairh
ope
Tow
n of
Si
lver
hill
City
of
Fairh
ope
Fairh
ope
Nur
sery
W.W
ade
~.n
D
epth
D
rille
r ,e
v A
(f
eet)
29
96
3 -1
00
29
-100
3 12
0
16
260
1 19
7
18
186
29
43
29
-100
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
4 4 4 4 6,2
10,4
20 2 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
94 120 40 5
106
145
102
25 106
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
63.9
39.2
37
.9
10.4 2.5
39.3
55.5
51
.2
50.2 4.4
4.1
4.5
12.6
8.
8 11
.4
Dat
e Li
ft U
se
Rem
arks
11-1
7-94
S
S
10-1
2-95
S
Ag
Use
d to
pro
cess
11
-01-
95
truck
cro
ps
11-0
6-95
S
U
11-0
2-95
S
IT
10-2
5-95
N
O
O
bser
vatio
n w
ell
for w
ell 2
09-1
4-94
T
P D
rille
d 19
62
04-1
8-95
10
-24-
95
T P
Wel
l 3, d
rille
d 19
55,
not m
easu
red
for
this
stu
dy
09-1
4-94
N
U
04
-17-
95
10-2
3-95
10-2
6-94
S
D
04-1
8-95
10
-23-
95
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
to
Loc
al
num
ber
OO
-8
OO
-9
PP-1
PP-2
PP-5
PP-7
PP-8
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
tenu
mbe
r
3029
0808
7471
701
3031
2008
7462
501
3033
0608
7425
001
3033
2308
7424
601
3029
2708
7423
301
3031
5208
7420
901
3029
2908
7422
901
Alti
tude
^
T^III
D
epth
D
iam
eter
of
land
O
wne
r D
rille
r ,,.
4,
,. ,
.
(fee
t) (in
ches
) su
rfac
e(f
eet)
Fish
Riv
er
29
-110
4
103
Tree
Far
m
Swob
oda
3 15
0 4
95
City
of
18
203
16,1
2 14
0R
ober
tsda
le
do.
18
260
16
143
City
of
18
146
16,1
0 11
5Su
mm
erda
le
City
of
25
210
18,1
0 13
8R
ober
tsda
le
D.W
ilson
27
30
2
118
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
surf
ace
(fee
t)
62.5
63.4
60.1
25.0
36.4
34.3
34.2
35.7
35.0
34.9
14.9 9.7
12.9
14.4
13.3
13.7
Dat
e
10-2
6-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
3-95
10-2
6-95
09-1
3-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
09-1
3-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
09-1
4-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
3-95
09-1
4-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
3-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
S Ir
S Ir
T P
Wel
l 3, d
rille
d 19
58,
pum
ped
503
gpm
T P
Wel
l 2, d
rille
d 19
44,
rew
orke
d 19
58,
pum
ped
400
gal/m
in
T P
Dril
led
1955
,pu
mpe
d 50
0ga
l/min
T P
Dril
led
1987
,pu
mpe
d 1,
200
gal/m
in, n
otm
easu
red
durin
g th
is s
tudy
N
U
Dril
led
1989
by
owne
r
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
PP-9
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
SS-1
5
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3030
3308
7421
201
3028
2908
7341
101
3028
4708
7345
201
3029
5508
7362
901
3033
2508
7322
301
3033
1608
7320
601
3033
2308
7322
201
3033
1608
7321
101
3029
5208
7345
001
3024
0108
7272
301
Ow
ner
Shar
rett
R. H
anft
Mur
phy
Flow
erw
ood
Nur
sery
G. K
aise
r
Hill
anda
leFa
rms
G. K
aise
r
Hill
anda
leFa
rms
P&K
Nur
sery
Bay
Sew
eran
d W
ater
-.
D
epth
D
rille
r ,.
*\
(fee
t)
17
295
3 -4
8
29
-58
29 17
415
3 10
5
29
52
3 22
5
3 11
0
18
280
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
8 2 4 6 12,6
6 2 6 4 18,1
0
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
118
82 105
106
118
121
115
122
65 52
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
30.5
30.5 7.8
8.6
25.4
24.5
24.7
44.3
36.5
40.7
80.6
64.7
63.1
42.4
40.3
81.0
81.5
18.4
18.9
27.3
27.6
26.3
Dat
e
10-0
5-94
04-1
7-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
3-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
3-95
10-2
3-95
10-2
5-94
04-1
2-95
10-2
3-95
04-1
3-95
04-1
3-94
10-2
6-95
04-1
3-95
10-2
5-95
04-1
3-95
10-2
5-95
04-1
3-95
10-2
3-95
09-0
1-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
7-95
Lif
t U
se
Rem
arks
T U
W
ater
-leve
lm
easu
rem
ents
ques
tiona
ble
N
U
S D
S IT
T IT
D
rille
d 19
78
N
U
Wel
l dril
led
1991
,pu
mpe
d 70
gal
/min
N
M
S S
Wel
l dril
led
1991
,pu
mpe
d 70
gal
/min
S IT
D
rille
d 19
94
T P
Dril
led
1974
,pu
mpe
d 45
7ga
l/min
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
SS-1
6
SS-1
7
SS-1
8
SS-1
9
TT-1
0
TT-1
1
TT-1
2
TT-1
3
TT-1
4
TT-1
5
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3023
5608
7273
601
3023
4108
7273
701
3023
2408
7273
701
3025
4308
7271
501
3024
2308
7334
601
3024
4708
7324
901
3024
4608
7331
001
3024
3208
7331
901
3027
2708
7312
301
3027
2708
7312
601
Ow
ner
do.
do.
do.
D. L
ee
M. K
aise
r
Woe
mer
Prop
ertie
s
Bai
ley
do.
Scot
t Pap
erC
o.
do.
Dril
ler
28 29 29 3 3 3 3 3 18 18
Dep
th
(fee
t)
247
~54
-52
180
170 60
-200 12
0
372
390
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
4 4 4 4 6 4 8 4 8,6
20
Alti
tude
of la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
47 30 30 80 80 85 88 83 85 84
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
surf
ace
(fee
t)
24.4
23.3
18.1
14.4
59.4
30.4
30.0
28.9 8.9
9.4
10.0
26.4
27.1
26.8
34.0
34.8
34.3
43.7
43.6
44.1
42.5
42.5
Dat
e
04-2
0-95
10-2
7-95
04-2
0-95
04-2
0-95
10-2
7-95
09-1
2-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
5-95
08-3
0-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
5-95
08-3
0-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
5-95
08-3
1-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
5-95
09-1
4-94
04-1
2-95
10-2
3-95
09-1
4-94
04-1
2-95
Lif
t U
se
Rem
arks
N
M
Dril
led
1976
,pu
mpe
d 60
gal
/min
N
M
N
M
S R
,D
Dril
led
1995
T U
D
rille
d 19
82
S C
S Ir
S S
S C
Dril
led
1991
T Ir
D
rille
d 19
91,
pum
ped
1,12
5ga
l/min
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
TT-1
6
TT-1
7
TT-1
8
UU
-6
UU
-9
UU
-13
UU
-14
UU
-15
UU
-16
UU
-17
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3027
4408
7362
201
3025
5508
7325
401
3027
2008
7323
201
3024
1308
7405
001
3024
1608
7410
001
3024
2508
7372
001
3024
2508
7372
002
3024
3508
7372
501
3026
5508
7381
001
3028
3008
7385
701
Ow
ner
D. B
itto
J.Fr
ank
Arm
stro
ng
City
of F
oley
Cit
yofF
oley
Who
lesa
leN
urse
ry
do.
do.
Woe
rner
Indu
strie
s
Ala
bam
aSh
eriff
s R
anch
Dril
ler
29 3 3 18 18 29 29 29 29 3
Dep
th
(fee
t)
-190 94 65 15
7
148
-100
-100
-100
-100 15
0
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
6 4 4 24,1
2
16,1
0
4 4 4 4 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
95 92 75 69 78 59 59 55 92 79
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(feet
)
14.9
15.3 7.2
7.1
25.8
20.1
19.2
21.0
21.1
15.4
12.0
14.9
15.5 8.6
20.8
18.9
21.2 9.0
7.6
8.8
Dat
e
04-2
1-95
10-2
3-95
04-2
1-95
11-0
1-95
10-0
4-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
10-0
4-94
04-2
0-95
09-1
4-94
04-1
2-95
10-2
6-95
09-1
4-94
09-1
4-95
11-1
6-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
6-95
11-1
6-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
6-95
Lif
t U
se
R
Ir
S D
S D
T P
T P
S Ir
S Ir
S Ir
S C
S D
,In
Rem
arks
Inac
tive
wel
l,co
uld
not m
easu
re
Dril
led
1993
Dril
led
1994
Wel
l 8, d
rille
d 19
62,
pum
ped
565
gal/m
in
Wel
l 7, d
rille
d 19
54,
pum
ped
320
gal/m
in
Dril
led
1983
,pu
mpe
d 85
gal
/min
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
-Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
UU
-18
VV
-11
VV
-12
VV
-13
VV
-14
VV
-15
VV
-16
VV
-17
VV
-18
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3028
1708
7390
001
3024
2408
7443
101
3027
2608
7460
001
3027
1208
7463
101
3027
2508
7463
101
3026
5108
7463
101
3027
0708
7443
401
3026
4008
7461
001
3026
5208
7432
901
Ow
ner
do.
Pine
Res
tC
emet
ery
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty
do Bal
dwin
Cou
nty
do.
Enfin
ger
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty
W. C
leve
rdon
_.
Dep
th
Dri
ller
,, F
A (f
eet)
3 -1
00
29
120
29
44
29
38
29
40.6
29
48
3 95
29
150
3 12
0
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
4 4 2 2 2 2 4 4 4
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
89 59 90 63 80 66 79 82 95
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
9.8
30.4
29.8
28.8
33.7
35.1
13.2
12.9
33.5
34.4
22.6
22.7
14.5
14.1
13.6
29.2
29.5
26.2
28.3
28.5
27.7
Dat
e
11-1
6-94
09-1
4-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
9-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
9-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
9-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
9-95
09-1
4-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
6-95
09-0
8-94
04-1
9-95
10-2
4-95
10-0
5-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
S D
,In
Dril
led
1987
S IT
N
M
N
M
N
M
N
M
S Ir
,R
Use
d to
fill
pond
S F
S A
g
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
9%-C
ontin
ued
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
W-1
9
VV
-20
W-2
1
WW
-1
WW
-4A
WW
-9
WW
-10
YY
-6
YY
-12
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3026
2308
7473
501
3026
4008
7462
001
3024
3808
7490
701
3028
1208
7511
001
3024
5308
7503
701
3028
1908
7525
501
3026
5908
7532
901
3018
5808
7434
201
3021
4908
7435
101
Ow
ner
R. N
orris
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty
do.
C.W
ard
R. H
arris
City
of
Fairh
ope
And
erso
n
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty
Kai
ser F
arm
s
.....
Dep
th
Dril
ler
,c v
' (f
eet)
3 19
2
29
45
3 14
0
20
70
29
145
16
335
3 14
0
13
189
3 -2
00
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
8 2 4 2 4 24,1
6,12
6 4 6
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
82 80 26 76 55 80 72 8 56
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
46.0
46.3
43.6
31.0
15.3
35.9
36.3
43.2
43.1
42.4
62.3
57.6
47.0
46.9
46.0 1.5
2.2
23.0
23.0
23.4
Dat
e L
ift
Use
R
emar
ks
12-1
5-94
T
Ir04
-19-
9510
-24-
95
10-2
4-95
N
M
10-2
5-95
S
R,P
08-3
0-94
N
U
04-1
8-95
08-3
0-94
S
D04
-19-
9510
-23-
95
04-1
8-95
T
P W
ell 5
, dri
lled
1991
,10
-24-
95
pum
ped
708
gal/m
in
11-1
7-94
S
Ir04
-20-
9511
-01-
95
04-1
8-95
S
U
Dril
led
1965
10-2
3-95
10-0
4-94
R
Ir
04-2
0-95
10-2
3-95
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996
Con
tinue
d
00
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
YY
-13
YY
-14
YY
-15
YY
-16
YY
-17
YY
-18
YY
-19
ZZ-7
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3021
3008
7440
301
3021
2908
7474
101
3021
2908
7473
101
3021
2508
7472
901
3020
3908
7453
701
3021
3108
7451
501
3021
3108
7451
501
3018
1808
7422
101
Ow
ner
Kai
ser F
arm
s
M. L
ipsc
omb
M. N
oltie
Lips
com
bFa
rms
Cle
verd
onFa
rms
Woe
rner
Farm
s
Woe
rner
Farm
s
City
of G
ulf
Shor
es
_.
Dep
th
Dril
ler
, ~ *
\ x (fe
et)
17
500
3 -2
00
3 18
8
3 11
0
17
273
3 22
0
3 57
4 20
3
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
12 6 6 4 12 12 4 16,1
0
Alti
tude
of la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
62 36 39 40 43 54 53 10
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
su
rfac
e(fe
et)
33.4
33.8
35.1
20.8
20.5
21.1
20.6
20.9
21.5
21.9
21.4
22.4
29.4
29.7
17.7
17.8 8.3
7.5
Dat
e
10-0
5-94
04-1
9-95
10-2
3-95
11-1
6-94
04-1
9-95
11-1
7-94
04-1
9-95
10-2
3-95
04-1
9-95
10-2
3-95
04-1
9-95
10-2
3-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
3-95
04-1
9-95
10-2
3-95
10-0
3-94
04-1
0-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
T IT
D
rille
d 19
78,
pum
ped
1,00
0ga
l/min
R
IT
S IT
S A
g
T U
D
rille
d 19
78,
pum
ped
1,00
0ga
l/min
T IT
D
rille
d 19
94
N
U
Dril
led
1994
T P
Wel
l 7, d
rille
d 19
86,
pum
ped
110
gal/m
in
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
ZZ-7
A
ZZ-8
ZZ-8
A
ZZ-1
0
ZZ-1
2
ZZ-1
3
ZZ-1
4
. .
A
ltitu
de
Geo
grap
hic
Dia
met
er
ofla
ndco
ordi
nate
O
wne
r D
nUer
^
surf
ace
num
ber
(fee
t)
3018
1808
7422
102
do.
29
193
4 10
3018
4108
7415
001
do.
4 21
8 20
,12
41
3018
4208
7414
501
do.
29
205
2 43
3019
3308
7402
801
City
of G
ulf
4 32
5 20
40
Shor
es
3018
0308
7401
401
Cra
ft, In
c.
3 12
5 6
30
3018
0408
7403
201
do.
17
428
12,6
26
3017
5508
7384
301
Ora
nge
Bea
ch
18
197
24,1
6 15
Wat
er &
FPA
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
6.3
6.8
7.2
9.5
36.2
37.7
37.8
41.4
37.1
37.2
19.0
16.8
18.3
19.0
17.1
13.6
11.7
16.1
13.1
17.1 3.6
4.5
7.5
Dat
e
11-1
6-94
04-1
0-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
5-95
10-0
3-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
11-1
6-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
10-0
6-94
11-2
2-94
01-1
3-95
04-1
0-95
10-2
3-95
11-1
7-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
3-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
3-95
10-0
3-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
Lif
t U
se
Rem
arks
N
O
Obs
erva
tion
wel
lfo
r Wel
l 7
T P
Wel
l 6, d
rille
d 19
87,
pum
ped
602
gal/m
in
N
O
Obs
erva
tion
wel
lfo
r Wel
l 6
N
U
Wel
l 5, d
rille
d 19
84,
pum
ped
1,49
9ga
l/min
,tu
rbid
ity p
robl
em
T IT
S Ir
D
rille
d 19
75,
pum
ped
1,20
0ga
l/min
T P
Wel
l 5, d
rille
d 19
89,
pum
ped
1,50
0ga
l/min
,iro
n pr
oble
ms
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
-Con
tinue
d
Loc
al
num
ber
ZZ-1
5
ZZ
-16
ZZ-1
7
ZZ-1
8
ZZ-1
9
ZZ
-20
ZZ-2
1
ZZ
-22
ZZ-2
3
ZZ-2
4
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
tenu
mbe
r
3021
2608
7404
301
3018
1808
7405
101
3020
3308
7390
001
3019
2708
7380
001
3019
3508
7380
001
3018
4508
7410
501
3017
5708
7384
501
3022
1408
7411
301
3021
1908
7415
701
3021
1908
7415
201
Ow
ner
Mea
dow
Run
Gol
f Cou
rse
City
of G
ulf
Shor
es
J. V
inso
n
Bou
twel
l
Bou
twel
l
Woo
dlan
dsG
olf C
ours
e
Ora
nge
Bea
chW
ater
& F
PA
City
ofFo
ley
Pine
ridge
Trai
ler P
ark
Mea
dow
dale
Dri
ller
3 29 3 3 3 3 18 18 3 3
Dep
th
(fee
t)
90 193
-70
100 71 120
120
210 75 75
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
6 2 4 2 2 8 10 20,1
2
4 4
Alti
tude
of la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
49 30 53 31 36 32 17 60 33 39
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
surf
ace
(fee
t)
5.7
4.9
16.5
21.3
11.0 7.6
10.2 6.5 1.6
10.0 5.6
16.6
20.5 8.0
23.2
10.3
16.8
Dat
e
10-0
7-94
04-1
2-95
04-1
9-95
10-2
5-95
11-1
5-94
04-1
7-95
10-2
4-95
12-1
4-94
04-1
7-95
12-1
4-94
04-1
7-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
10-2
5-95
10-2
7-95
Lif
t U
se
S IT
N
O
S IT
N
U
N
U
S Ir
N
T
T P
S P
S P
Rem
arks
Dril
led
1993
and
plug
ged
1995
Obs
erva
tion
wel
lfo
r Wel
l 8
Dril
led
1978
Dril
led
1970
,H
2S p
robl
em
Dril
led
1993
Dril
led
in 1
995
for
wat
er s
ampl
ing
and
with
draw
al te
sts
Wel
l 10,
dri
lled
1991
, pum
ped
708
gal/m
in
Trai
ler P
ark
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
ZZ-2
5
ZZ-2
6
ZZ-2
7
ZZ
-28
ZZ-2
9
AA
A-1
7
AA
A-1
8
AA
A-2
1
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3021
4508
7380
401
3019
3208
7384
301
3019
3808
7384
301
3020
1708
7381
401
3020
1708
7381
402
3019
2808
7323
101
3021
3808
7343
901
3020
5208
7331
901
Ow
ner
Gle
nlak
es
Gol
f Cou
rse
Ora
nge
Bea
ch
Wat
er &
FPA
do.
Ora
nge
Bea
ch
Wat
er &
FPA
do.
Jose
phin
e B
aptis
t C
hurc
h
J.C. P
eevy
Bar
bor,
Inc.
.....
Dep
th
Dril
ler
/r \.
(fee
t)
29
-100
16
290
16
305
16
435
16
256
10
78
29
155
29
81
Dia
met
er
(inch
es)
6 4 6 12 12 2 4 6
Alti
tude
of
land
su
rfac
e (f
eet)
29 41 36 52 52 28 13 31
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
be
low
la
nd
surf
ace
(fee
t)
3.7
28.9
25.2
25.2
25
.0
25.0
-12.
4 -1
2.5
18.6
16
.6
18.8
Dat
e
10-2
3-95
10-2
4-95
10-2
4-95
09-0
8-94
04
-13-
95
10-2
6-95
04-1
4-95
10
-15-
95
01-1
2-95
04
-13-
95
10-2
6-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
S Ir
,R
N
O
Dril
led
1995
for
ob
serv
atio
n w
ell
N
T D
rille
d 19
95 f
or
aqui
fer t
ests
N
T D
rille
d 19
94 fo
r aq
uife
r tes
ts, w
ell
dest
roye
d
N
T D
rille
d 19
94 f
or
aqui
fer t
ests
, wel
l de
stro
yed
N
U
Dril
led
1977
N
D
Flow
ing
wel
l sup
pl
ies
foun
tain
in
fron
t of h
ouse
N
U
Dril
led
1978
or
1979
by
Alm
s or
H
olla
nd
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
-Con
tinue
d
to
Loca
l nu
mbe
r
AA
A-2
2
AA
A-2
3
AA
A-2
4
AA
A-2
5
BB
B-1
7
BB
B-1
8
DD
D-3
DD
D-9
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te
num
ber
3022
4908
7324
101
3020
2408
7325
401
3022
0808
7321
601
3022
4608
7362
801
3023
0308
7284
501
3021
2208
7302
101
3016
0608
7411
301
3015
1908
7384
501
Alti
tude
^
T^_M
I D
epth
D
iam
eter
of
land
O
wne
r D
rille
r /e
\
/ u
\ -r
(f
eet)
(inch
es)
surf
ace
(fee
t)
Perd
idoB
ay
16
320
8 70
WS&
FPA
Cen
tury
Sou
th
18
330
3 52
Nur
sery
Cen
tury
Sou
th
28
115
4 59
Nur
sery
D. B
row
n 3
175
4 52
Perd
idoB
ay
18
310
18,1
0 65
WS&
FPA
J.D
enis
29
-1
20
4 46
City
of G
ulf
18
98
16,1
0 16
Shor
es
Stat
e of
14
41
3 10
8.
3A
laba
ma
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
surf
ace
(fee
t)
39.1
39.3
31.5
32.3
21.7
21.8
28.4
43.4
43.4
43.2
39.5
38.3
42.7
11.9
12.1 3.2 1.2
3.6
Dat
e
04-1
4-95
10-2
6-95
04-1
4-95
10-2
6-95
04-1
3-95
11-0
1-95
10-2
6-95
09-0
1-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
7-95
09-1
5-94
04-1
4-95
10-2
7-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
09-0
2-94
04-1
0-95
10-2
5-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
N
T D
rille
d 19
95 a
ste
st p
rodu
ctio
n w
ell,
pum
ped
250
gal/m
in
N
O
Dril
led
for
aqui
fer t
est
S C
Dril
led
1988
S D
O
wne
r rep
orts
that
wat
er is
mud
dyaf
ter h
eavy
rain
T P
Dril
led
1977
,pu
mpe
d 50
0ga
l/min
S D
Ir
on a
nd H
2Spr
oble
m
T P
Wel
ll, d
rille
d 19
55,
pum
ped
300
gal/m
in
N
O
Dril
led
1977
for
saltw
ater
intru
sion
stud
y
Rec
ords
for
sele
cted
wel
ls in
Bal
dwin
Cou
nty,
Ala
bam
a, 1
996-
Con
tinue
d
ON
OJ
Loc
al
num
ber
DD
D-1
0
DD
D-2
9
DD
D-3
4
DD
D-3
5
DD
D-3
5A
DD
D-3
6
DD
D-3
7
DD
D-3
8
Geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
tenu
mbe
r
3015
1908
7384
502
3015
1408
7383
701
3016
2908
7411
001
3017
4908
7395
001
3017
4908
7395
002
3017
3208
7410
701
3017
1808
7380
301
3017
2708
7390
201
Alti
tude
^
T^I
I D
epth
D
iam
eter
of
land
O
wne
r D
rille
r ,,
*\
,. ,
, ,.
(fee
t) (in
ches
) su
rfac
e(f
eet)
do.
14
140
2 6.
5
do.
29
344
2 7
City
of G
ulf
18
138
20,1
2 11
Shor
es
Ora
nge
Bea
ch
7 14
4 12
,8
25W
ater
& F
PA
do.
3 20
0 2
26
City
of G
ulf
18
215
20,1
2 16
Shor
es
Ora
nge
Bea
ch
14
120
18,1
0 10
Wat
er &
FPA
do.
1 14
3 16
10
Wat
er le
vel
abov
e or
belo
w
land
surf
ace
(fee
t)
3.8
3.7
4.0
4.2
2.3
4.6
6.8
7.3
13.3
11.4
14.2 8.3
10.2 9.9
10.8 6.4
7.4
5.1
4.8
5.9
Dat
e
09-0
2-94
04-1
0-95
10-2
5-95
09-1
3-94
04-1
0-95
10-2
5-95
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
12-1
4-94
04-2
1-95
10-2
5-95
10-0
3-94
04-1
8-95
10-2
4-95
10-0
3-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
4-95
12-1
4-94
04-2
0-95
10-2
5-95
Lift
Use
R
emar
ks
N
O
do.,
saltw
ater
wel
l
N
O
do.
T P
Wel
l 2, d
rille
d 19
67,
pum
ped
503
gal/m
in
T P
Wel
l 1,
drill
ed 1
974,
not m
easu
red
durin
g th
is s
tudy
N
O
Obs
erva
tion
wel
lfo
r Wel
l 1
T P
Wel
l 3, d
rille
d 19
78,
pum
ped
750
gal/m
in
T P
Wel
l 2, d
rille
d 19
81,
pum
ped
503
gal/m
in
N
O
Obs
erva
tion
wel
lfo
r Wel
l 4, d
rille
d19
83
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64 *\i.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1996 - 533-412