gtech 361
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GTECH 361. Lecture 09 Features in the Geodatabase. Today’s Contents. Creating simple features Editing coincident features Creating annotation features. Creating Simple Features. Features class geometry Multi-part features Splitting features Splitting lines Splitting polygons - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GTECH 361
Lecture 09
Features in the Geodatabase
Today’s Contents
Creating simple features
Editing coincident features
Creating annotation features
Creating Simple Features
Features class geometry Multi-part features
Splitting features Splitting lines Splitting polygons
Combining features Merge Union Intersect
Auto-complete polygons
Feature Class Geometry
Multi-part Features
Splitting Lines
Splitting Polygons
Merge
Union
Intersect
Auto-complete Polygons
Editing Coincident Features
Creating map topology Preventing editing errors
Editing nodes and edges Moving an edge or node Reshaping an edge Modifying an edge
Example: implementing a geodatabase
Editing Errors
Creating topology to prevent editing errors
Adjacency = Common Border
The primary purpose of a topology is to define spatial relationships between features
Preserving Coincidence
Preserving Connectivity
Common Topology Elements
Both edge and node are treated as single elements Multiple copies of them stored in the
geodatabase are moved as if they were one
Storage of Shared Feature Parts in the
Geodatabase
Editing Nodes and Edges
Moving an edge or node
The edge is rubber-banded
Modifying an edge
Reshaping an edge
Creating Annotation Features
What are annotation feature classes
What are annotation classes Types of geodatabase annotations
Standard Feature-linked*
Dimensioning*
Geodatabase Annotation
Functionality
Arc ViewCreate and edit standard annotation. View feature-linked and dimension annotation
ArcEditorArcInfo
Create and edit standard, feature-linked, and dimension annotation. Ability to create multiple annotation classes for an annotation feature class
Annotation Feature Classes
Are like other geodatabase feature classes; they have Attributes that define how text is
displayed Spatial reference Can be added as a layer to ArcMap
Can be created from labels, or are Created in ArcCatalog from scratch
Annotation Feature Classes
Annotation Classes
All annotation feature classes have at least one annotation class Text symbology Alignment
With ArcEditor or ArcInfo Multiple annotation classes within one
annotation feature class to Specify different annotation display
properties for different types of features
Annotation Types
Standard annotation
Feature-linked annotation
Dimension annotation
Standard Annotation
Like labels with georeference
Feature-linked
Dimensioning
Summary of Today A geodatabase feature class can store point, multipoint, line, or
polygon features. Multipart features and features with true curves are also supported
You can create new features by digitizing or by using ArcMap editing tools such as Merge and Union. Features can also be created as the output from geoprocessing operations, such as clip
When editing features, you can maintain their spatial relationships by creating a map topology. Once you've created a map topology, you can use ArcMap's topology editing tools to maintain coincidence between parts of features within a single feature class or among multiple feature classes
There are three types of geodatabase annotation: standard, feature-linked, and dimension annotation. All annotation feature classes contain at least one annotation class
The GIS ProcessDecision Rules
Non-spatial Data
SpatialObjects
GIS
Geographic Theory
GeographicAnalysis &Quantitative
Modeling
Predictionand
Projection
Spatial DataHandling andManipulation
Data CollectionAnd Organization
Transformation of Spatial Data - Enhancement of Information Content - Change in Amount of Spatial Data - Value Added
Pro-ducts
for
Deci-sionMak-
ing
The GIS Process
1. Defining the problem/question and information products
2. Estimating costs and benefits (establishing initial justification)
3. Inferring GIS functionality requirements and processes
4. Establishing quality control parameters and procedures
5. Establishing resource allocations and timetable
6. Carrying out GIS procedures
7. Evaluation
8. Report details regarding the management of project, data sources, processes involved, outputs, outcomes, etc.
9. Archive digital information representing data and analysis
Typical GIS capabilities
Raster GISLocal operationsRecodingOverlaying layersOperations on local
neighborhoodsOperations on extended
neighborhoodsOperations on zones
Vector GISReclassify, dissolve,
merge
Topological analysis
Buffering
Measurements
Operations on surfaces
Network analysis
Data model-dependent classificationafter Goodchild
points:techniques used to analyze an undifferentiated set of points, e.g. point pattern analysis;spatial objects with attributes:techniques that analyze an attribute matrix, and reduce space to a square matrix of spatial relationships between pairs of objects, e.g. measures of adjacency or proximity;networks of links and nodes:a range of techniques for analyzing networks in transportation and hydrology, based on attributes of network links and nodes;spatial interaction models:models of the interaction between pairs of objects, based on an analysis of the characteristics of origin objects, destination objects, and the spatial separation between them;raster techniques:methods of analysis based on the representation of continuous layers as rasters of cells, and supported by the so-called raster GISs.
OGIS Reference Model
Solicited Categorizationof GIS Operations
Visualize / Show Encode
Find Monitor
Create
Combine
Allocate
Determine
Aggregate/Summarize
Compare (partial) Select
Substitute
Derive
Correct
Evaluate
Goals or "meta tasks" as they are used by expert GIS
users INVENTORYLocates, counts, or records items w/o having any implications concerning desirabilityRESOURCEDesirable, useful, or limited phenomenon to be conserved or protectedRESTRICTIONConstraint that limits the availability, desirability, or location of a target or resourceREFERENCEProvides spatial control or anchor for locating features in other rolesPREDICTIONAttribute values correlated with the presence of target phenomenaTHREATPhenomena that may injure, destroy, or have other negative effectsTARGETDesired or valued phenomenon to be found or locatedSOLUTIONComposite result of analysis, embodies the application of analysis criteria
Confirmed Image Schemata
Spatial Relations:
coincide, overlaps, near/far, adjacent, separates/connects, subdivided, contain, above/below (concerning the model rather than real world phenomena)
Logical Relations:
part-of/consists-of, is-a, has-a, same/different
Procedural Relations:
causes/caused-by, stands-for, abstracted-to
Operations to be hidden from the user
A first compilation of user-oriented GIS operations