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GENERAL PURPOSE DATA LOGGER SYSTEM

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

NAIKWADE CHINTAN U.080410111031

THORIA HARSHIL D.080410111091

In fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

In

Electronics & Communication Engineering Department

SardarVallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology,VASAD.

Gujarat Technological University, AhmedabadDECEMBER 2011


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SardarVallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology, VASAD.Electronics & Communication Engineering Department

2011

CERTIFICATE

Date: 7/12/2011

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled GENERAL PURPOSEDATA LOGGER SYSTEM has beencar ried out by CHINTANNAIKWADE and HARSHIL THORIA under my guidance in fulfillment of the degree ofBachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Communication(7th Semester) of GujaratTechnological University, Ahmedabad during theacademic year 2011-12.

Guides:

.

Internal Project Guide: Externa Project Guide:

Mr. S.M.Patel Mr. Ali Najhmi,Assistant Professor, Electronics Engineer,E&C Dep. E Cube India Solution,SVIT, Vasad Vadodara.

Head of the Department:

Mr. Ashok CharaniyaH.O.D

E & C Dept.,SVIT-VASAD.


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We wish to express our profound thanks to the university which gave us the

opportunity to make the project and gave us the chance to show ours skills. This report is

synergistic result of many minds. We are grateful for the inspiration and wisdom of many

thinkers.

We thank our internal guide Mr. S M Patel, and Industry coordinator

Mr.AliNajmiwho motivated and guided us through the project. He encouraged and gave

unstinting support for working on this project.

We are also highly obliged to the Head of Department, Prof. Ashok Charania and

laboratory technicians Mr. Tejas S. Patel and Mr. Nirav H. Pandya for helping us for the

use of college laboratory. Lastly we thanks the entire faculty for supporting us.


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ABSTRACT

GENERAL USAGE BASED VENDING SYSTEMS LIKE BEVERAGE MACHINES(TEA/MILK/COLA) ,PACKAGED FOODS(CHOCOLATES/ WAFERS),TICKET KIOSKS;ATM CENTRES ETC HAVE HUGE AMOUNT OF DATATRANSACTIONS AND DATA STORAGE FACILITIES IN THEM.

DUE TO THESE HUGE AMOUNT OF TIME AND MONEY/MAN POWER WAS WASTED FOR MAINTENANCE OF MACHINE,DATA ACQUISITION AND EVEN ITS TIMELY REFILLING(EG:CASES OF MILK

THE PROPOSED DATA LOGGER SYSTEM SOLVES THE PROBLEM OF CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF DATA ACQUISITION WITH HELP OF CHEAP WIRELESS

COMMUNICATION. JUST LIKE SCADA[4]

ORIGNALLY THE DATA STORED IN THE SYSTEM IS TRANSFERRED TO A CONTROLLER (LPC 2136) AND THEN THE MODEM WHICH IS CONNECTED TO THE CONTROLLERSENDS THIS THROUGH G.P.R.S. TO THE SERVER.

THIS DATA IS RECEIVED AT THE SERVER OF COMPANY.IT IS

REPEATEDLY REFRESHED SO THAT DEPRIVATION DOES NOT OCCURE.

G.P.R.S IS THE BASED TECHNOLOGY USE FOR THIS DATA

SENDING .


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LIST OF FIGURESFigure No Figure Description PageNo

3.1 BLOCK DIG OF GPRS 5

3.2 FUNCTIONAL DIG OF GPRS 6

4.1 BLOCK DIG OF DATA LOGGER SYSTEM 8

5.1 PIN DIG OF LPC 2148 12

5.2 BLOCK DIG OF LPC 2148 13

6.1 KEYBOARD 17

6.2 FLOW CHART OF KEYBOARD 18

7.1 SIMPLE DIG OF PIR 19

7.2 INTERNAL BLOCK DIG OF PIR 19

7.3 FUNCTIONAL DIG OF PIR 20

7.4 WORKING DIG OF PIR 21

8.1 PICTURE OF MODEM 22

8.2 OPERATIONAL DIG FOR MODEM 23

8.3 INTERFACING OF D15 CONNECTOR 24

9.1 LCD 25

10.1 RS232 PIN DIG 28

11.1 TEMPERATURE SENSORS 29

11.2 CHARACTERSTICS OF TEMP SENSOR 31

12.1 OPERATORS MONITOR SCREEN 33


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LIST OF TABLES

Table No Table Description Page No

Table 3.1 GPRS NETWORK ELEMENT 4

Table 8.1 SPECIFICATION OF D15 PINS 24

Table 9.1 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION OF LED 26

Table 9.2 CHARACTER ADDRESS CODE 26

Table 9.3 PIN SPECIFICATION 27


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgement i

Abstract ii

List of Figures iv

List of Tables vii

Chapter : 1 Company Profile 1

Chapter : 2 General Purpose Data Logger System 2

Chapter : 3 GPRS 3

3.1 general description6

3.2 Terminals of gprs

Chapter :4 Block dig of data logger 8

4.1 Modules 9

Chapter : 5 LPC 2148 10

5.1 Description 10

5.2 Features 11

5.3 Interrupt controller 14

5.4 Ports 15

5.5 Interfacing connectors 16

Chapter : 6 Keyboard 18

Chapter :7 PIR Sensors 19

Chapter : 8 Modem 22

Chapter : 9 LCD 25

Chapter : 10 RS 232 28

Chapter : 11 Temperature sensor 29

Chapter : 12 Operators screen 33


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CHAPTER 1

E CUBE INDIA SOLUTIONS Baroda

E Cube India is an embedded technology company offering M Commerce Servicesand readers for wireless application, automatic vending machines, micro financemachines and many related hardware.

The Company has presence in domestic and international market.

M Commerce service infrastructure is established to support wireless solutions for retail banking and micro finance application.

Presently the Company is manufacturing a range of vending machines, microfinance machines, customize and various readers on wireless technology for MCommerce payments


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CHAPTER 2

GENERAL PURPOSE DATA LOGGER SYSTEM

The Company is into manufacturing various vending machines for beverages like tea,milk, cola, packed food packets, ticket kiosks, ATMs.

There is huge amount of data transaction and data storage is done through thesevending machines. However, it is not possible to maintain these machines fromremote locations. Lot of time, money and manpower is required to be invested to visitthe machine physically for maintenance.

The Project undertaken deals in developing a device that can communicate the data of the vending machine to the server which will help in knowing the health of themachine and make trouble shooting easier then before from remote location. In theevent engineer physically has to visit the machine for maintenance or repair he willknow in advance the trouble area and can go fully prepared for the same. This willsave lot on time and man-hours and money.

Remote monitoring will facilitate controlling of the machine, its temperature, power consumption, trigger the alarm etc.[1]

All this is achievable by using GPRS spectrum.[5]


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CHAPTER 3

GPRS

(General Packet Radio Service)

The general packet radio system (GPRS) provides packet radio access for mobileGlobal System forMobile Communications (GSM) and time-division multiple access(TDMA) users. In addition toproviding new services for today's mobile user, GPRSis important as a migration step towardthird-generation (3G) networks. GPRS allowsnetwork operators to implement an IP-based corearchitecture for data applications,which will continue to be used and expanded for 3G services forintegrated voice anddata applications. The GPRS specifications are written by the

EuropeanTelecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI), the European counterpart of the American NationalStandard Institute (ANSI).[2]

GPRS is the first step toward an end-to-end wireless infrastructure and has thefollowing goals:

Open architecture. Consistent IP services. Same infrastructure for different air interfaces.

Integrated telephony and Internet infrastructure. Leverage industry investment in IP. Service innovation independent of infrastructure.

Benefits of GPRS

The GPRS provides the following benefits: Overlays on the existing GSM network to provide high-speed data service Always on, reducing the time spent setting up and taking down connections Designed to support bursty applications such as e-mail, traffic telematics, telemetry,

broadcastservices, and web browsing that do not require detected connection. Byimplementing Cisco GPRS products and related solutions, mobile service providerscan optimize their networks to deploy high quality mobile voice and data services.They can also benefit from new operating efficiencies, peer-to-peer IP-basedarchitecture for scalability, and IP standard interfaces to billing and customer support.


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TABLE 3.1

GPRS Network Elements :


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Block Digram of GPRS

FIGURE 3.1


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Block Diagram of GPRS:

FIGURE 3.2

3.1 : GPRS Terminals:The term terminal equipment is generally used to refer to the variety of mobile phones andmobilestations that can be used in a GPRS environment. The equipment is defined by terminalclasses and types.Ciscos gateway GPRS serving no de (GGSN) and data network components interoperatewith GPRS

terminals that meet the GPRS standards.Three classes of GPRS terminals are provided: Class A, Class B, or Class C.

Class A Terminals

Class A terminals support GPRS and other GSM services (such as SMS and voice)simultaneously. Thissupport includes simultaneous attach, activation, monitor, and traffic. Class A terminals canmake or receive calls on two services simultaneously. In the presence of circuit-switched services.


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Class B Terminals:

Class B terminals can monitor GSM and GPRS channels simultaneously but can support onlyone of

these services at a time. Therefore, a Class B terminal can support simultaneous attach,activation, andmonitor, but not simultaneous traffic. As with Class A, the GPRS virtual circuits are notdisconnectedwhen circuit-switched traffic is present. Instead, they are switched to busy mode. Users canmake or receive calls on either a packet or a switched call type sequentially, but not simultaneously.

Class C Terminals:

Class C terminals support only sequential attach. The user must select which service toconnect to.Therefore, a Class C terminal can make or receive calls from only the manually selected (or default)service. The service that is not selected is unreachable. The GPRS specifications state thatsupport of SMS is optional for Class C terminals.


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CHAPTER 4

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF DATA LOGGER SYSTEM

FIGURE 4.1


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DESCRIPTION OF MODULES USED IN SYSTEM

1) Micro Controller unit: Philips LPC 2148.

2) Display: 16*2 Character LCD.

3) Keyboard: 4*4

4) Data communication Device: MODEM

5) Door Opening Sensors: Passive Infrared Sensors.

6) Temperature sensor device.


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KEY FEATURES OF LPC 2148

plastic low profile quad flat package

64 leads body 10 10 1.4 mm

Flash Memory : 512 kb.

RAM: 32 kb + 8kb Shared with USB DMA.

ADC: 2(14 Channels).

DAC: 1.

Temp Range (C) : -40 to +85.

CPU operating voltage range: 3.0 V to 3.6 V (3.3 V 10 %) with 5Vtolerant I/O Pads

External Crystal Oscillator: 1 to 25 MHz.

Multiple serial interfaces: Two UARTs (16C550), Two Fast I2C-bus (400 kbit/s),SPIand SSP with buffering and variable data length capabilities.

Vectored Interrupt Controller (VIC) with configurable priorities and vector addresses.

Support 32-bit ARM instruction set and 16-bit Thumb Instruction set.


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PIN DIAGRAM OF LPC 2148FIGURE 5.1


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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LPC 2148FIGURE 5.2


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Interrupt Controller:

The Vectored Interrupt Controller (VIC) accepts all of the interrupt request inputs andcategorizes them as Fast Interrupt Request (FIQ), vectored Interrupt Request (IRQ),

and non-vectored IRQ as defined by programmable settings. The programmableassignment scheme means that priorities of interrupts from the various peripherals can be dynamically assigned and adjusted.

Fast interrupt request (FIQ) has the highest priority. If more than one request isassignedto FIQ, the VIC combines the requests to produce the FIQ signal to the ARM

processor.

The fastest possible FIQ latency is achieved when only one request is classified asFIQ,because then the FIQ service routine does not need to branch into the interrupt

serviceroutine but can run from the interrupt vector location. If more than one requestis assignedto the FIQ class, the FIQ service routine will read a word from the VIC thatidentifies whichFIQ source(s) is (are) requesting an interrupt.

Vectored IRQs have the middle priority. Sixteen of the interrupt requests can beassignedto this category. Any of the interrupt requests can be assigned to any of the16 vectoredIRQ slots, among which slot 0 has the highest priority and slot 15 has thelowest.

Non-vectored IRQs have the lowest priority.

The VIC combines the requests from all the vectored and non-vectored IRQs to producethe IRQ signal to the ARM processor. The IRQ service routine can start byreading aregister from the VIC and jumping there. If any of the vectored IRQs are

pending, the VICprovides the address of the highest-priority requesting IRQs serviceroutine, otherwise itprovides the address of a default routine that is shared by all thenon-vectored IRQs. Thedefault routine can read another VIC register to see whatIRQs are active.


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DESCRIPTION OF PORTS IN LPC 2148

Port 0: Port 0 is a 32-bit I/O port with individual direction controls for each bit.

Total of 31 pins of the Port 0 can be used as a general purpose bidirectionaldigital I/Os while P0.31 is output only pin. The operation of port 0 pinsdepends upon the pin function selected via the pin connect block.Pins P0.24 ,P0.26 and P0.27 are not available.

Port 1: Port 1 is a 32-bit bidirectional I/O port with individual direction controlsfor each bit. The operation of port 1 pins depends upon the pin functionselected via the

pin connect block. Pins 0 through 15 of port 1 are not available.


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INTERFACING CONNECTORS

USB 2.0 DEVICE CONTROLLER:The USB is a 4-wire serial bus that supports communication between a host and

anumber (127 max) of peripherals.The LPC2148 is equipped with a USB device controller that enables 12Mbit/s dataexchange with a USB host controller. It consists of a register interface,serial interfaceengine, endpoint buffer memory and DMA controller.

UARTs: The LPC2141/42/44/46/48 each contain two UARTs. In addition to standard transmitandreceive data lines, the LPC2148 UART1 also provides a full modemcontrolhandshake interface.

I2C-BUS:

The LPC2148 each contain two I2C-bus controllers. It Can Connects 127 devices. Atone time the data transfer is occur between one device only.The I2C-busimplemented in LPC2141/42/44/46/48 supports bit rates up to 400 kbit/s(Fast I2C-

bus).

LPC 2148 has also SPI and SSP Serial I/O Controller.

LPC 2148 has facility of Real Time Clock(RTC) and Watch Dog Timer .

PULSE WIDTH MODULATOR:The PWM is based on the standard timer block and inherits all of its features,althoughonly the PWM function is pinned out on the LPC2148. The timer isdesignedto count cycles of the peripheral clock (PCLK) and optionally generateinterrupts orperform other actions when specified timer values occur, based on sevenmatch registers.The PWM function is also based on match register events.


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CHAPTER 6

KEYBOARD

Keyboard is the essential Interfacing Device by which we can enter the appropriatevalue to the Micro Controller.

In The Keyboard The Keys are detected by the matrices. In Both Row and in Columnthe voltage is given. If any switch is pressed then the path is completed and the

pressed switch is Decoded.

FIGURE 6.1

FLOW CHART


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This chart Show how the program runs and decode step by step. When the Switch is pressed then Interrupt is generated and the pressed

key is Decoded.

FIGURE 6.2


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CHAPTER 7

PASSIVE INFRARED SENSORS(PIR)

The pyroelectric infrared sensor detects infrared radiation on the basis of thecharacteristics that the polarization of pyroelectric material changes withtemperature.Dual compensated sensing elements are applied to suppress theinterference resultingfrom temperature variation. As a result, the operating stability of the sensor is greatlyimproved. Our products can be used in many applications. Suchas in security systems,burglar alarms, visitor acknowledgement, light switch controland intellectualized toy.

Fresnel Lens is use for Human Body Detection. The Lens is Devided in 9 part tocover Whole 140 Deg as shown in Fig.7.1

Block Diagram of PIR Sensor.

FIGURE 7.2

PIR Sensor Cover Whole 140 Degree of Cone in its Sensing Range.FIGURE 7.3


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It connect to other device and Alart the User for moving Object

Detection.


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It Transfer the detection of motion In Electric signal.

Range: 15-25 meter.

FIGURE 7.4


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CHAPTER 8

GPRS MODEM

Modem is Work as both Modulator and De-modulator. Hence it can Receive as wellTransmit the Data Through Server.

In The Data Logger System The Essential part that Transmit the Data through theserver is Modem.

Modem needs one Service Provider to Access the GPRS band and CommunicateThrough it.

The Technical Specification of Modem is as under.

FIGURE 8.1


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The FASTRACK Supreme 10 and FASTRACK Supreme 20 are discrete, rugged cellular Plug & Play Wireless CPU offering state-of-the-art GSM/GPRS (and EGPRS for FASTRACK Supreme 20) connectivity for machine to machine applications.

This Is how The Service Provider Is Inserted In Modem.

FIGURE 8.2

Interfacing D-15 ConnectorFIGURE 8.3


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Specification Of Pins:TABLE 8.1


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CHAPTER 9

LCD DISPLAY

FIGURE 9.1

Features of LCD: 5 x 8 dots with cursor

Built -in controller (KS 0066 or Equivalent)

+ 5V power supply (Also available for + 3V)

1/16 duty cycle

B/L to be driven by pin 1, pin 2 or pin 15, pin 16 or A.K (LED)

N.V. optional for + 3V power supply


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TABLE 9.1

TABLE 9.2


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Pin Function:

TABLE 9.3


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CHAPTER 10

RS 232-Serial Communication Bus

For the Serial Data Communication we require MAX 232 I.C and a DB-9(Male/Female) connector.

The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts signals from an RS-232 serial portto signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits. The MAX232 is adual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals.

FIGURE 10.1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-232http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-232http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-232http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor-transistor_logichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor-transistor_logichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor-transistor_logichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor-transistor_logichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-232http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit


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CHAPTER 11

Temperature Sensor

FIGURE 11.1

What is a temperature sensor?


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An analog temperature sensor is pretty easy to explain, its a chip that tells you whatthe ambient temperature is!

These sensors use a solid-state technique to determine the temperature. That is to say,

they dont use mercury (like old thermometers), bimetalic strips (like in some homethermometers or stoves), nor do they use thermistors (temperature sensitive resistors).Instead, they use the fact as temperature increases, the votage across a diode increasesat a known rate. (Technically, this is actually the voltage drop between the base andemitter - the Vbe - of a transistor. By precisely amplifying the voltage change, it iseasy to genereate an analog signal that is directly proportional to temperature. Therehave been some improvements on the technique but, essentially that is howtemperature is measured.

Because these sensors have no moving parts, they are precise, never wear out, don'tneed calibration, work under many environmental conditions, and are consistant

between sensors and readings. Moreover they are very inexpensive and quite easy touse
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimetallic_striphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimetallic_striphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimetallic_striphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimetallic_strip


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FIGURE 11.2

Using the TMP36 is easy, simply connect the left pin to power (2.7-5.5V) and theright pin to ground. Then the middle pin will have an analog voltage that is directly

proportional (linear) to the temperature. The analog voltage is independant of the power supply.To convert the voltage to temperature, simply use the basic formula:

Temp in C = [(Vout in mV) - 500 ] / 10

So for example, if the voltage out is 1V that means that the temperature is ((1000 mV - 500) /10) = 50 C

If you're using a LM35 or similar, use line 'a' in the image above and the formula: Temp inC = (Vout in mV) / 10

Problems you may encounter with multiple sensors...


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If, when adding more sensors, you find that the temperature is inconsistant, this indicates thatthe sensors are interfering with each other when switching the analog reading circuit fromone pin to the other. You can fix this by doing two delayed readings and tossing out the firstone


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CHAPTER 12

OPERATORS MONITORING SCREEN


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REFRENCES 1) IMPROVEMENT OF DATA LOGGER SYSTEM FOR RENEWABL ENERGY,BY:

JAKREE SRINONCHAT, ASIAN GENERAL ON ENERGY AND

EVVIRONMENT,AUG 2009.

2) SURVE V, A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICE FOR SHORT MESSAGES

MASTER THESIS 2006.

3) EFFICINT USE OF SPRECTUM,RYSAVYA RESEARCH,BY:CHRISTOFERGUTTMAN,

4) GENERAL PACKET RADIO SERVICES ,WHITE PAPER,BY: USHACOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ,1998

TAYLOR K MOBILE MONITORING AND CONTROLINFRASTRUCTURE CSIRO AVAILABLE ONLINE AThttp://mobile.act.cmis.csiro.au
http://mobile.act.cmis.csiro.au/http://mobile.act.cmis.csiro.au/http://mobile.act.cmis.csiro.au/

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