guidelines for oral presentations (old)
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Guidelines
forOral Presentations
University of the Sacred Heart
Department of Humanities
Center for Language DevelopmentAcross the Disciplines
LAD
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There are no secrets tosuccess. It is the result ofpreparation, hard work, and
learning from failure
Gen. Colin L. Powell
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Objectives
To help with the preparationprocess of oral presentations
and activities
To improve oral presentationskills
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How to Focus Your Message
Determine if you want to:
Motivate
Educate
PersuadeInform
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Components of a Presentation
All presentations must have:
An introduction
A body
A conclusion
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Organize Your Message Effectively
Determine your topic, and whatyou will cover
Brainstorm and organize all your
ideas
Research - Make sure you are well-informed on your topic
Classify and order your ideas
Emphasize the important elements
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Write an Effective Conclusion
Summarize the key points of thepresentation
Summarize how to implement solutions
Summarize future predictions based onyour persuasion strategies
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Creating the Presentation
Make it BIG
If it looks too big on the
computer, its the perfect size
Keep it SIMPLE
Present the main idea of eachconcept
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Creating the Presentation
Make it CLEAR
Choose an appropriate font, font
size, and color
Be CONSISTENT
Use a logical sequence and oneformat
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Preparation
Prepare your visuals in advance
Always make back-up copies
Rehearse a lot (avoid the use of papers ornote cards)
Know how to use the technical equipment
Preview the room, and select the layout thatis best for your presentation
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Advantages of Visual Aids
Enhance understanding of the topic
Help your speech be more impressive,
and improve your image
Maintain the audiences attention and
increase their interest
Help build credibility
Add variety
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Diversity of Audiovisual Aids
Sketches and Maps
Graphs & Charts
Photographs, Pictures &Slides
Objects, Models or
Realia
Posters & Books
PowerPoint Presentations
Audiovisual Equipment
Overhead Projectors
Slides & Transparencies
Handouts, pamphlets,
brochures
Films, videotapes, audio
tapes, music,
CD-ROMs & iPods
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Preparing Effective PowerPoint Slides
Use visuals sparingly
Rule 7 X 7
Use no more than 7 lines of text per slide
Use no more than 7 words per line of text
Restrict the contents of tables and graphs
Maintain uniformity in font style, font size, andbullets
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Constructing Effective Visual Aids
Never use confusing abbreviations
The use of periods at the end of the bullets is notnecessary
Artistry and sounds do not substitute for content,and they can distract your audience
Select complimentary colors; avoid color clashes
Use fonts like Sans Serif orTimes New Roman
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Constructing Effective Visual Aids
Transparencies Slides Hand-outs
Title 36 pt 48 pt 24 pt
Subtitles 28 pt 36 pt 20 pt
Body 24 pt 28 pt 16-18pt
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Construction of Graphs
Present one graphper slide
Limit the amountof numbers orfigures
No more than 3curves orhorizontal bar linesper graph
40%
13%0%
47%
Excellent Good
Fair Deficient
Reading Comprehension in English
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Examples of Font Sizes
This is font
48This is font 36This is font 28
This is font 24This is font 20This is font 18This is font 16
The font sizeof the wordbelow iswritten in48.
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Overuse of Visual Aids
Attention of audience will be divided
Audience may pay more attention tovisuals than to speaker
Avoid slides with too much movementand/or sounds
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How to Conduct Yourself During YourPresentation
Be punctual
Stand up, or sit straight
Keep hands in front of you
Maintain eye contact with the audience
on all sides of the room
Start the presentation with a smile
Use a conversational tone
Dress neatly and professionally
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Use Your Voice Effectively
Speak loud enough to be heard, and be confident
Dont speak in a monotone
Alternate the rate of your voice
Slow down when emphasizing important points
Pauses can also be used to add emphasis
Drink water to prevent voice problems
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Top Ten Mistakes Made by Presenters
No preparation
No presentation
objectives
Mediocre first
impression
Lack good visuals
Ineffective closing
Lack of enthusiasm
No eye contact
Lack of facial
expression
Stays in one place
No audience
involvement
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Things to Avoid
Corporal Movement
Swinging and moving excessively
Playing with hair
Chewing gum
Clicking the top of a pen
Playing with jewelry
Leaning against something for support
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Things to Avoid
Speaking
Too fast
Too slow
Too low
Arrogance
Fillers (repetitive
sounds and
phrases)
ah
um and
Voice
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Steps to Reduce Your Speaking Anxiety
Know the room
Arrive early
Walk around the room
Know the audience
Know, practice, andrevise your material
Learn how to relax
Visualize yourselfspeaking
Realize people wantyou to succeed
Dont apologize forbeing nervous
Concentrate on yourmessage
Turn nervousness intopositive energy
Gain experience
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How to Control Your Nervousness
Transform fear and nervousness to presentationpresence and strength
Breathe deeply and exhale slowly (repeat)
Stretch your muscles (neck, legs, and arms)
Repeat breathing exercise, close your eyes, relax,
feel prepared and ready
Walk the room: feel the space of your success
Greet your audience (Impact them)
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Question and Answer Session
Know the background of your topic
Find out if there are any current / recent studies
Know if there is any influence or impact on
society / environment / organization
Know the sources on which your research is
based
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References
4 Important Design Concepts http://www.kumc.edu/SAH/OTEd/jradel/Effective_visuals/102.html
Preparing EFL Learners forOralPresentations
Presenters Onlinehttp://www.presentersonline.com
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References
Overcoming Speaking Anxiety in Meetingsand Presentationshttp://www.all-biz.com/newroot/Authors.asp?
Tcnicas de Presentacin PublicitariaProf. Modesto Aguayo, Universidad de Sagrado Corazn
Using Visual Aidshttp://www.askjeeves.com/main/followup.asp?qcat=home&ask=how+can+i+make+a+good+oral+presentation
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GOOD LUCK!!!
Prepared by Professors Delia Serrano and Jennifer Soler 2002
Revised by Professor Delia Serrano 2003
Revised by Patricia Kidd 2004
Revised by Prof. Delia Serrano 2005