guiné honey dna · microsoft powerpoint - guiné_honey_dna.pptx author: alice pinto created date:...
TRANSCRIPT
HONEY AND HONEY BEES OF GUINEA‐BISSAUPinto, M.A.1; Batista, V.1; Alves, D.2; Vilas‐Boas, M.1
1Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Sta. Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301‐855 Bragança, Portugal, 2Apilegre, Mercado Municipal, 6050‐340 Nisa, Portugal
Download this poster at http://esa.ipb.pt/pdf/Gb_Q_f.pdf
Beekeeping is an ancient activity in
Beekeeping in Guinea – Bissau Wild swarm Kenyan Top‐bar hives
Beekeeping is an ancient activity inGuinea‐Bissau. The ancestral interactionwith bees stands on “honey hunting” ofnatural colonies or use of traditionalhives hanged on trees. These hives areperfect shelters for swarms but thecolony is destroyed every year afterhoney harvesting. Bees are thereforekept as wild as ever with little, if any,interference from man.
Traditional hives
SamplingFifteen colonies from 7
different localities wereexamined for morphometry andmtDNA. Six honey samples werecollected from beekeepers using
Beescollected from beekeepers usingKenyan top‐bar or traditionalhives and analyzed for color,humidity, conductivity, freeacidity, diastase activity, HMF,total phenols and main sugarsusing IHC methods.
Honey
The mitochondrial DNA analysis was performed using theDraI test (Garnery et al. 1993), which consists in theamplification of the tRNAleu‐cox2 intergenic region followedby digestion with the restriction enzyme DraI.
Genetics
Bee
metry
Restriction map and fragment sizes of the tRNAleu‐cox2 intergenic region
Honey Bee G
Honey B
morphom
The morphometric analysis showed a bee smallerthan the Europeans but with similar leg and wing size.Regarding color, each worker displayed a very distinctyellow spot on thorax and a black spot at the fourthring, which appeared either isolated from the black stripor linked, looking like a “T shape”. Those two features
Three different haplotypes (A1,A4, A8) where detected, all of Africanancestry. As found by others for sub‐Saharian Africa (Franck et al. 2001),A1 was the most common followedH
quality
, g pmark the difference towards other honey bees. by A8 and A4.
16.2%16.2%
15.3 15.3
15.9 15.9
Honey from traditional harvesting
20.4%20.4%
Dark amberDark amber
Dark amberDark amber
Light amberLight amber
701 µS.cm701 µS.cm‐‐11
302302
467467
1015 µS.cm1015 µS.cm‐‐11
33.5 meq.kg 33.5 meq.kg ‐‐11
12.012.0
22.922.9
32.0 meq.kg 32.0 meq.kg ‐‐11
72%72%
6060
6767
77%77%
41.4 41.4 Schade.gSchade.g ‐‐11
27.327.3
33.033.0
22.0 22.0 Schade.gSchade.g ‐‐11
19.8 mg kg 19.8 mg kg ‐‐11
10.810.8
13.813.8
98.8 mg.kg 98.8 mg.kg ‐‐11
589 mg GAE.kg 589 mg GAE.kg ‐‐11
466466
532532
1054 mg GAE.kg 1054 mg GAE.kg ‐‐11
Honey
References: Franck P, L Garnery, A Loiseau, BP Oldroyd, HR Hepburn, M Solignac, JM Cornuet. 2001. Genetic diversity of the honey bee in Africa: microsatellite and mitochondrial data. Heredity 86:420‐430. Garnery L, MSolignac, G Celebrano, J M Cornuet. 1993. A simple test using restricted PCR‐amplified mitochondrial DNA to study the genetic structure of Apis mellifera L. Experientia 49:1016‐1021. .
Honey from modern harvesting
20.120.1
20.220.2
Humiditymax. 21
ColorAmberAmber
Light amberLight amber
622622
762762
Conductivitymax. 800
17.017.0
23.523.5
Free aciditymax. 50
6060
6868
Fruct.+ gluc.min. 60
21.021.0
21.521.5
Diastasemin. 8
7.77.7
39.639.6
HMFmax .40
g gg g
805805
963963
Total Phenols