handle system overview larry lannom 18 may 2004 corporation for national research initiatives ...

Handle System Overview

Larry Lannom

18 May 2004

Corporation for National Research Initiativeshttp://www.cnri.reston.va.us/

http://www.handle.net/

Copyright© 2004 Corporation for National Research Initiatives. Permission is hereby granted to reproduce, disseminate, redistribute, perform and/or display this work publicly, provided, however, that credit is given to the person named as writer of the work and CNRI, and you do not abridge or edit the work in any way that alters its

integrity or meaning.

Corporation for National Research Initiatives

• Framework for managing Digital (Information) Objects

• Give it a name and talk to it– Don’t worry about where it is– Don’t worry about what it’s made of

• Rise above details of application versions and content formats

Digital Object Architecture - Goals


Digital Object Architecture

Client

Resource Discovery

•Search Engines•Metadata Databases•Catalogues, Guides, etc.

Resolution System

Repositories / Collections


Digital Object Architecture ComponentsHandle System

• Go from name to attributes

• Fundamental indirection system for Digital Object management on the net

• No free lunch– Added layer of infrastructure– Must be managed

Naming Resources on the Net

The Problem

Internet

chapter.pdfwww.acme.com

Internet


The Solution

Name = Value(s)10.123/xyz = http://www.acme.com/chapter.pdf

Naming Service

http://www.acme.com/chapter.pdfwww.acme.com

Internet


The Solution

Name = Value(s)10.123/xyz = http://www.newbusiness.com/chapter.pdf

http://www.newbusiness.com/chapter.pdf

Naming Service

www.newbusiness.com

www.acme.com


• Distributed, scalable, secure• Enforces unique names• Enables association of one or more typed values,

e.g., URL, with each name• Optimized for speed and reliability• Open, well-defined protocol and data model• Provides infrastructure for application domains,

e.g., digital libraries, electronic publishing ...

CNRI Handle System


Handle System Usage

• Library of Congress

• DTIC (Defense Technical Information Center)

• IDF (International DOI Foundation)– CrossRef (scholarly journal consortium)

– Enpia (Korean content management technology firm)

– CDI (U.S. content management technology firm)

– LON (U.S. learning object technology firm)

– CAL (Copyright Agency Ltd - Australia)

– TSO (U.K. publisher & info mgmt service provider)

– MEDRA (Multilingual European DOI Registration Agency)

– Nielsen BookData (biblographic data - ISBN)

– R.R. Bowker (biblographic data - ISBN)

– Office of Publications of the European Community (applied)

• NTIS (National Technical Information Service)

• DSpace (MIT + HP)

• Various digital library production and research projects


Handles Resolve to Typed Data

URL 2 http://a-books.com/….

DLS 9 acme/repository

HS_ADMIN 100 acme.admin/jsmith

XYZ 100111001111012

Handle dataHandle Data typeIndex

10.123/456 URL 1 http://acme.com/….

The Two Types of Handle Query

Give me all data associated with handle 10.1000/123.

1. Request all data

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System

HandleClient

3251094

10.1000/123 URL1(Server in US)URL2 (Server in Asia)URL3 (Server in Europe)public keyemail addressrights data

URLURLURLPKEMIP

Index Type DataHandle

Give me all data of type URL associated with handle 10.1000/123.

2. Request all data of a given type

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System

HandleClient

325

10.1000/123 URL1(Server in US)URL2 (Server in Asia)URL3 (Server in Europe)

URLURLURL

Index Type DataHandle

Handle Resolution

is a collection ofhandle services,each of which consists of one ormore replicated sites,

Site 1Site 1 Site 2Site 2

Site 1Site 1

Site 2Site 2

Site 3Site 3 …... Site nSite n

Client

The Handle System

LHS

LHS LHS

LHSGHR

each of which mayhave one or moreservers.

123.456/abc URL 4 http://www.acme.com/

http://www.ideal.com/8URL

#1#1 #2#2 #n#n#4#4#3#3

#1#1 #2#2

...

Handle Clients

Global HandleRegistry

1. Sends request to Global to resolve 0.NA/10.1000 (naming authority handle for 10.1000)

Client

Request to Client:Resolve hdl:10.1000/1

Handle Clients

Client



2. Global Responds withService Information for 10.1000

Service InformationAcme Local Handle Service

xcccxv xc xc xc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

..

..

..

xcxcxc

..

..

..

xcxcxc

..

..

..

...

xcccxvxccxxccx

xcccxvxccxxccx

xcccxvxccxxccx

Service Information - Acme Local Handle Service

Primary Site

123.45.67.8

Port #

Secondary Site B

Server 1

Server 1

Server 2

Server 3

Server 1

Server 2 123.52.67.9

321.54.678.12

321.54.678.14

762.34.1.1

123.45.67.4

Public Key ...

2641

K03RLQ...

2641

2641

2641

2641

2641

5&M#FG...

F^*JLS...

3E$T%...

A2S4D...

N0L8H7...

...

...

...

...

...

...

IP Address

Secondary Site A

xcccxv xc xc xc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

xcxcxc

..

..

..

xcxcxc

..

..

..

xcxcxc

..

..

..

...

xcccxvxccxxccx

xcccxvxccxxccx

xcccxvxccxxccx

Handle Clients

Handle Clients

3. Client queries Server 3 in Secondary Site A for 10.1000/1Client


#1#1 #2#2

#1#1

#1#1#2#2

#3#3Primary Site

Secondary Site A

Secondary Site B


Acme LocalHandle Service

Handle Clients

4. Server responds with handle data

Client


#1#1 #2#2

#1#1

#1#1#2#2

Primary Site

Secondary Site A

Secondary Site B


#3#3

Acme LocalHandle Service

Handle Clients

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System

Web ClientHandle Administration

Client

ResolveHandle

HTTP Redirect

Proxy/Web Server

HTTP Get

Handle Data

http://hdl.handle.net/123.456/abc

Handle Clients

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System

ClientHandle Administration

Client

hdl:/123.456/abc

ClientPlug-In

Resolve HandleRequest

Handle Data

Handle Clients

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System

WebHandle Administration

Client

Web Server

HTTP

Handle Admin API

Admin Forms

Handle Clients

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System

WebHandle Administration

Client

CustomClient

Handle Clients

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System

Handle Administrationembedded in another

process


processWeb

Handle Clients

LHS

LHS LHS LHS

LHS

LHS

LHS

LHSGHR

LHS

Handle System


process


process

Handle Resolutionembedded in another

process

Handle Resolutionembedded in another

process


• Ownership is at the handle level

• Administrators defined by handles

• Administrator handles contain keys

• All admin transactions validated via challenge/response from server to client

• Allows distributed administration

HS Administration


• Prefixes– DOI - 700– Other - 300

• Handles– DOI - 12M– Other - unknown

• Global– Three service sites (all currently in VA)– 10M resolutions last month

• DOI locals– One default (incl. CrossRef) with three sites– Three additional run by RAs, mirrored by IDF

Handle System Usage


• Specification– RFC 3650: Overview– RFC 3651: Namespace and Service Definition– RFC 3652: Protocol

• HSAC - Handle System Advisory Committee• URI/URL/URN

– IETF votes for URN, we don’t see any advantage• Extra layer of indirection, still need the native protocol

– What are the practical implications– INFO submission from OpenURL group (also not faring well in the

IETF)– Open to advice

Handle System Management and Standards


• Continued development of policies and procedures• Combines identifier plus MD approaches• Moving from membership to RA federation• Application profiles to link DOIs to services

– Given a DOI, what can I do with it?– Genres mutate into APs– DOI logical groups (e.g., Journal title) linked to Services– Services linked to interfaces– API to simplify use

DOI Evolution


www.handle.net

[email protected]

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