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  • 8/10/2019 HarvestPlus 2013 Annual Report

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    ANNUAL

    REPORT

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    One in three people in the world, two billion or more, do

    not get enough vitamins and mineralssuch as vitamin A,

    zinc, and ironin their diet. This is known as hidden hunger

    because those suffering from the condition may seem healthy,

    but they are more likely to fall prey to illness and infections.

    In severe cases, hidden hunger can leave children blinded,

    stunted, or with a reduced IQ, and increase a womans risk of

    dying during childbirth.

    What Is Hidden Hunger?Iron Deficiency Impairs mental development and learning capacity Increases weakness and fatigue May increase risk of women dying in childbirth

    Iron Deficiency Estimates in HarvestPlus Target Countries*

    Democratic Republic of Congo:71% of children under 5and 53% of womenIndia:70% of children under 5 and 55% of womenRwanda:38% of children under 5 and 17% of women

    Uganda:49% of children under 5 and 23% of women

    *anemia used as an indicator

    Vitamin A Deficiency Impairs growth Causes eye damage leading to blindness Increases risk of infections such as diarrheal disease

    Vitamin A Deficiency Estimates in HarvestPlus Target

    Countries

    Democratic Republic of Congo: 61% of children under 5Nigeria: 30% of children under 5Uganda: 33% of children under 5Zambia: 54% of children under 5

    Zinc Deficiency Causes stunting Lowers immunity Increases risk of diarrheal disease and respiratory

    infections

    Zinc Deficiency Estimates in HarvestPlus Target Countries*

    Bangladesh: 41% of children under 5

    India: 48% of children under 5Pakistan:37% of children under 5

    *stunting used as an indicator

    A diverse diet that includes enough fruits, vegetables, and/or animal products usually provides enough vitamins andminerals. However, millions of people, mostly in poorercountries, rely upon staple foods such as cassava or rice thatfill up their stomachs but do not provide enough vitaminsand minerals for good health. More nutritious foods are oftenexpensive or simply unavailable. Through a strategy calledbiofortification, HarvestPlus and its partners are tacklinghidden hunger using familiar foods that people eat everyday. Using conventional breeding methods, scientists havedeveloped new varieties of productive staple food cropsthat contain higher amounts of vitamin A, iron, and zinc toimprove diets and nutrition.

    These nutrient-rich crops have several advantages:

    Targeted:They can reach rural communities often missedby other nutrition interventions such as supplementationand fortification.

    Cost-effective: Breeding the nutrient into a crop varietytakes just one upfront investment. Once the trait is in thecrop, it stays and through further breeding at low cost, thecrops can be adapted to thrive in a range of agroecologicalzones.

    Sustainable: This strategy is centered on staple foods thatpeople already eat regularly. Farmers can save the seeds orcuttings to replant, and share them freely with their neighbors.

    Changing the Game

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    2013 Highlights

    By the end of 2013, more than a million

    farmers had planted biofortified

    nutritious crops in their fields, fromvitamin A cassava in Nigeria to theworlds first zinc rice in Bangladesh. Allseven crops in our initial portfolio arenow in the hands of farmers. We arediving into delivery to pave the way formore nutritious varieties to come. Ourstrategy is to release the crops in waves,with each wave being more nutritiousand productive than the previous ones.

    The nutrition evidence on the benefits

    of these crops, published in peer-

    reviewed journals, continues to grow.

    The question now is not whether

    farmers should grow biofortified

    crops, but why they arent growing

    them yet. In 2013, we shared this

    evidence widely, from the International

    Congress on Hidden Hunger at the

    University of Hohenheim in Germany

    to the 20th International Congress of

    Nutrition in Granada, Spain. We also

    translate the science so consumers

    can understand the life-or-death

    difference that a nutrient like vitamin Acan make to a child.

    Biofortified nutritious crops alsocaptured the attention and commitmentof key partners. Vitamin A orange sweetpotato (OSP) made it into USAIDs listof the five most innovative approachesto feeding the planet. The Governmentof the United Kingdom hosted the

    first international Nutrition for Growthsummit in July and committed to

    supporting the development anddelivery of six biofortified nutritiouscrops to reach millions of farminghouseholds in Africa and Asia.

    Support for biofortification alsocontinues to grow outside ofHarvestPlus direct operations. Inits 2013 budget, for instance, theGovernment of India allocated funds topilot nutri-farms in 200 districts wherefoods such as iron pearl millet and zincrice will be grown. Similarly, severalAfrican countries, including Nigeria,Rwanda, and Zambia, incorporatedbiofortified nutritious foods into theirnational policies and programs, withthe support of their ministries of bothhealth and agriculture.

    On World Food Day, HarvestPluslaunched an interactive tool called theBiofortification Prioritization Indexthat governments and other decisionmakers can use to help them determine

    which biofortified crops they can investin so as to have the greatest impactin reducing hidden hunger throughimproved diets.HarvestPlus is also working withinCodex Alimentariusinternational foodstandards commission established bythe Food and Agriculture Organizationof the United Nations and the World

    Health Organizationto propose acommon, internationally accepted

    definition of biofortification. To thisend, we presented a discussion paperto the Codex Committee on Nutritionand Foods of Special Dietary Use at itsNovember 2013 session.Our partnerships with nationalbiofortification programs in Brazil,China, and India continue. In LatinAmerica, our teams organizedbiofortification national committees inPanama, Guatemala, and Nicaragua,and developed work plans and pilotprojects to expand biofortification inthis region, building upon the workof AgroSalud, which became part ofHarvestPlus in 2012.

    In 2013, we further expanded ourpartnerships. From participation in theCAADP Agriculture Nutrition CapacityDevelopment Initiative to developing aMemorandum of Understanding withWorld Vision International, we, alongwith numerous public and private

    partners, are diving headfirst intodelivery as we seek to make biofortifiednutritious crops more widely available.

    Howarth E. BouisHarvestPlus Director

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    Beans are eaten every day in Rwanda.Ten new bean varieties that are richer iniron have been released in the countryover two phases since 2011 in order toimprove nutrition. By the end of 2013,some 700,000 farmers were growingthese iron beans.

    We continued to experiment with apayback system in which farmers toopoor to buy iron bean seed received theseed free of charge and repaid in kindafter harvest. Iron beans are now almostas widely available as commonly grownbean varieties in some districts. Moreiron bean seed also started to appearin urban markets in Rwanda, and wasexported to neighboring countriessuch as Uganda, Burundi, and theDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

    With our governmental partner,Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB), andothers, we continue to support thedevelopment of new iron bean varietiesto ensure that Rwandan farmers benefitfrom the most nutritious and best-performing varieties. Biofortificationenjoys the Government of Rwandasrecognition and support; the Ministryof Agricultures Nutrition Action Plan

    the Institut National pour lEtude et laRecherche Agronomiques (INERA), wereleased five new iron bean varietiesin 2013. This second-wave releasebrought to nine the number of iron bean

    varieties introduced in the DRC since2008. To ensure that Congolese farmerswidely adopt iron beans, we trained 275extension workers to support farmersin multiplying iron bean seed andmanaging their crop to maximize yields.

    Farmers in neighboring Uganda arealso adopting iron beans. We aredisseminating these nutritious beansin 11 target districts alongside orangesweet potato. To better reach children,who are the most vulnerable to nutrientdeficiencies, we are targeting moremothers in our dissemination program.Sixty percent of the people whocomprised the 50,000 households weprovided with iron bean seed in 2013were women, resulting in over 90,000children getting more iron in their diets.

    Iron Beans

    includes the promotion of biofortifiedcrops as one important initiative toimprove nutrition in the country.

    This governmental ownership ofbiofortification is critical to our missionto make iron beans accessible to asmany Rwandans as possible. Thesupport of other major food securityand nutrition actors, such as the UnitedNations World Food Programme(WFP) and the Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO), is also crucialfor iron beans and biofortificationssuccess. Indeed, in 2013 WFP purchased50 metric tons of biofortified ironbeans from farmers to distribute topopulations affected by emergencies.WFP has also committed to increasingits purchase of iron beans to 500 metrictons per season.

    Across Rwandas border in the DRC,iron beans have been dubbed gorillabeans not only for their nutritionalpunch but also because the localgorillas have apparently developed ataste for them. In 2013, HarvestPlusand partners delivered these gorillabeans to 175,000 households in easternDRC. Through our partnership with

    Where We Work

    DRC, Rwanda, Uganda

    Nutritional Benefts

    Provide up to 45% of dailyiron needs

    Farmer Benefts

    High yielding, virus resistant,heat and drought tolerant

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    With 100 million Nigerians60 percent

    of the countrys populationeating

    cassava daily, the market for yellow

    cassava, which provides vitamin A, is

    enormous.More than 100,000 Nigerianfarmers in more than 2,000 villagesplanted these vitamin A cassava stemsfor the first time in 2013. Some 650extension agents and rural facilitatorswere also trained on best agronomicpractices to assist farmers. Our partnersare multiplying cassava on at least 650hectares to feed the growing demand byfarmers. When you throw in more than350 broadcasts of vitamin A messages,several documentaries, radio jingles,and extensive coverage in the news, the

    future of vitamin A cassava in Nigerialooks very bright indeed.

    Three new varieties were released inJuly 2013, when Minister of Agricultureand Rural Development Dr. Akinwumi

    Research published in the British Journal of Nutritionshows that humans canabsorb twice as much beta-carotene from vitamin A cassava than was previously

    assumed. Since malnourished people absorb beta-carotene and transform it into

    vitamin A faster than those who are not vitamin A deficient, biofortified cassava

    could be exceedingly effective in reducing vitamin A deficiency. Another study

    published in PLOS ONEfound that 70 percent of respondents in a taste testconducted in Kenya preferred vitamin Arich cassava to white cassava, citing its

    attractive color, soft texture, and sweet taste.

    Vitamin A Cassava

    Adesina formally launched a nationaldissemination program for vitamin Acassava under the federal governmentsCassava Transformation Agenda.

    The next step was developing new foodproducts from vitamin A cassava. Thestate government of Akwa Ibom, oneof our initial target states, funded theconstruction of a factory to processgariandfufu(traditional foods) madefrom vitamin A cassava. Privatesector partners in Oyo State are alsoprocessing and packaging vitamin Agariandfufufor local and internationalmarkets. Model demonstration villages,where the full value chain for cassava

    can be observed, were set up in eachof the four original target states (AkwaIbom, Benue, Imo, and Oyo) and arefast becoming hubs for technologytransfer to neighboring villages.

    Where We Work

    DRC, Nigeria

    Nutritional Benefts

    Provide up to 50% of dailyvitamin A needs

    Farmer Benefts

    High yielding, virus resistant

    We have also begun disseminatingvitamin A cassava to farmers inAfricas second-largest and fourthmost populous countrythe DRC.By the end of 2013, we had provided25,000 farming households in western

    DRC with vitamin A cassava cuttings.Through farmer field days and trainingof smallholder farmers and leaders ofagricultural cooperatives, we continue tocreate awareness of vitamin A cassavasnutritional and agronomic benefits. TheUN Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) has been an early adopter ofvitamin A cassava, and has included itin a project to provide micronutrient-rich crops to households in KasaiOriental province. The project involvesmultiplying and delivering vitamin Acassava planting material, along withother crops such as legumes.

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    Since its official release in 2012,

    vitamin A orange maize has

    reached more than 10,000 Zambian

    households.We intensified efforts to

    popularize orange maize, beginning

    with children, who are especially

    vulnerable to vitamin A deficiency.More than 3,000 school children in

    six different schools had a chance to

    eat nshima(a traditional food) made

    from orange maize at lunch during

    a one-month trial. Eighty percent of

    pupils, teachers, and parents approved

    of it, convincing the UN World Food

    Programme (WFP) and the Zambian

    Ministry of Education to begin

    life, highlights biofortified crops for

    reducing micronutrient deficiencies

    among at-risk populations.

    By creating consumer demand for theorange maize, we are creating marketsfor farmers who grow orange maizenot only to feed their families butto generate extra income as well. Tothis end, HarvestPlus trained morethan 4,000 Zambian farmers on thenutritional benefits of vitamin A maizeand the diverse ways in which it canbe processed and cooked. Nearly10,000 farmers also learned aboutorange maize during farmer fielddays organized by non-governmentalorganizations and the Department ofAgriculture.

    Maize is eaten in much of Africa,

    including the northern part of Nigeria

    where the government released two

    open-pollinated varieties of vitamin

    A maize in 2013. The International

    Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)

    developed these varieties in partnership

    with the Institute of AgriculturalResearch and Training and the Institute

    for Agricultural Research. IITA is

    bulking up seed quantities in order to

    provide farmers in maize-growing areas

    with seed by 2015. These new maize

    varieties are also well-suited to the

    tropical lowlands of many West African

    countries, and we expect them to

    spread beyond Nigerias borders.

    Vitamin A Maize

    integrating orange maize into school

    feeding programs.

    It was not just students who enjoyed

    the orange maize; 170 members and

    staff of the Zambian parliament also

    savored a taste of the orange nshima,mobilizing support for orange maize

    and biofortification among leaders

    and policymakers. The Government

    of Zambia officially recognizes

    biofortification, which is included

    in the National Food and Nutrition

    Strategic Plan for Zambia 2011-2015.

    The plan, which focuses attention on

    the critical first 1,000 days of a childs

    Where We Work

    Nigeria, Zambia

    Nutritional Benefts

    Provide up to 25% of dailyvitamin A needs

    Farmer Benefts

    High yielding, disease and virus

    resistant, drought tolerant

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    Vitamin A Orange Sweet Potato

    All it takes is one ice cream scoops

    worth of orange sweet potato (OSP)

    to provide a child with his or her full

    daily dose of vitamin A.Since 2007,

    HarvestPlus and its partners have been

    spreading OSPs goodness in Uganda.

    In 2013, we delivered OSP to more

    than 50,000 farming households. In

    total, 126,000 householdsmore than

    three-quarters of a million Ugandans

    are now eating OSP.

    Across 13 districts, we trained nearly25,000 farmers in the best ways togrow OSP. Additionally, we trained 650community members on the agronomicpractices and nutritional benefits of

    OSP. These community members, inturn, share their new knowledge withfarmers and caregivers in their owncommunities through educationalevents such as field days, dramas, andgroup meetings.

    To ensure that OSP vines reach all

    interested farmers, including those

    who cannot afford to buy them,

    we continued to run a payback

    mechanism. Farmers who benefit from

    this mechanism commit to pay back

    after their first harvest by providing

    vines to other poor farmers for free.

    More than 28,000 households received

    OSP vines through this payback system

    in 2013.

    Eighty percent of Ugandans listen

    to the radio for information and

    entertainment. So, in 2013, we

    launched My Children, a new radio

    drama series about OSP (see text

    box). As a result, demand for OSP

    vines outstripped the supply. We are

    working hard to close that gap. During

    2013, HarvestPlus Uganda establisheda system where clean, virus-free OSP

    plantlets produced by a private lab

    (BioCrops) were micro-propagated

    and introduced to vine multipliers.

    This has resulted in tremendous

    increases in the yield of the different

    OSP varieties and has greatly

    increased adoption of varieties once

    susceptible to viral diseases.

    Where We Work

    Uganda

    Nutritional Benefts

    Provide 50-100% of dailyvitamin A needs

    Farmer Benefts

    High yielding, virus resistant,drought tolerant

    Love, Domestic Strife, and...Orange Sweet Potato

    My Children,a radio dramaseries, was launched in

    partnership with Farm Radio

    International to educate Ugandan

    farming families on vitamin A

    deficiency and the benefits of

    orange sweet potato (OSP).

    The 30-episode drama aired on

    10 stations in six languages. It

    used an entertaining plot of

    love, domestic strife, money,

    and power to draw in listeners

    and educate them on the many

    benefits of OSP. After each

    five-minute episode, listeners in350,000 households across 13

    districts were invited to send text

    messages to answer questions

    about OSP and win prizes. The

    series created more demand for

    OSP by engaging listeners and

    raising awareness on how to grow

    and prepare this nourishing crop.

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    A new version of a traditional pearl

    millet variety that has both higher

    levels of iron and higher yield is now

    being grown widely by farmers in

    Maharashtra, India. Nirmal Seeds, akey local partner of HarvestPlus, hasbeen producing and widely distributingthis more nutritious variety, nicknamedDhanashakti,which means prosperity

    and strength, to rural farmingcommunities in arid, drought-proneregions. In 2013, Dhanashaktireachedan additional 25,000 households,bringing to 70,000 the total numberof households growing and eating thisnutritious pearl millet variety since 2012.

    To ensure that they reap the most fromiron pearl millet, each year more than3,000 farmers receive training on thebest agronomic and nutritional benefitsof the crop. Nirmal Seeds conductsthese trainings and other promotionalactivities through field days and mobilecampaigns, among others.

    We are engaging private seedcompanies and public sectorinstitutions to develop iron pearl millethybrids that are more widely grown thanDhanashaktiin order to reach morefarmers and consumers.

    Iron Pearl Millet

    Where We Work

    India

    Nutritional Benefts

    Provide up to 60% of dailyiron needs

    Farmer Benefts

    High yielding, mildew

    resistant, drought tolerant

    A study in theJournal ofNutritionshowed thattraditionally prepared porridges

    (sheera, uppama)and flat bread(roti)made from iron-rich pearlmillet provided the full amountsof iron and zinc needed by iron-deficient Indian children underthe age of three. Another studyalso published in theJournal ofNutritionfound that marginallyiron-deficient Beninese womenwho ate a traditionally preparediron-rich pearl millet pasteabsorbed twice as much ironas those who ate a paste madefrom ordinary pearl millet. Lessthan 160 grams of iron-richpearl millet flour daily is enoughto provide Beninese womenaged 1845 with more than 70percent of their daily iron needs,50 percent more than flourmade from local varieties.

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    Zinc Rice

    In Bangladesh, where rice rules at meal

    times, the first rice variety rich in zinc

    was released to farmers in early 2013.One thousand farmers received the zincrice seed to grow on demonstrationplots and to multiply seed, settingthe stage for wider production anddissemination in the following years.

    Besides its higher zinc content, this ricealso boasts the shortest maturationperiod of anyAman(rainfed) seasonrice variety available. Once planted,zinc rice takes only 100 days to

    mature, 10 to 40 days less than othervarieties, allowing farmers to increasethe cropping intensity and improveproductivity. This, combined with ourtraining program on seed productionand preservationwhich benefitedsome 250 seed multipliers as well asgovernmental and non-governmentalextension agentsgives farmers andrice traders in Bangladesh every reason

    to be excited about the prospects of thisnew nutritious rice.

    Zinc rice is the culmination of

    more than 10 years of research and

    development by the Bangladesh Rice

    Research Institute (BRRI), supported

    by HarvestPlus. Our work with BRRI

    continues to develop rice varieties

    with even higher zinc content. We

    have also established distribution

    agreements with 15 governmental,

    non-governmental, and private sector

    partners to ensure that many more

    farmers and households will begrowing and eating zinc rice in 2014

    and beyond.

    Across the border in India, the All IndiaCoordinated Rice Improvement Projectalso set up nurseries to test new zincrice varieties on a large scale and indifferent environments.

    Where We Work

    Bangladesh, India

    Nutritional Benefts

    Provide up to 70% of dailyzinc needs

    Farmer Benefts

    High yielding, disease andpest resistant

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    Across Pakistan, wheat is eaten daily as

    chapati, a type of flatbread.Scientistsare breeding new wheat varietiesthat are rich in zinc, a crucial mineralmissing in peoples diets. Throughour partnership with the PakistanAgricultural Research Council (PARC),we continued to evaluate three zincwheat lead lines in national varietalrelease trials. One of these candidatevarieties, NR-421, should be ready

    for release in 2015 as Pakistans firstbiofortified zinc wheat. NR-421 is notonly zinc-rich and high yielding, but alsoresistant to leaf, yellow, and stem rusts,as well as to the deadly fungal infectionUg99known to spread rapidly andcause up to 100 percent crop losses.

    In preparation for its release, we are

    undertaking public awareness and

    advocacy campaigns on the nutritional

    and agronomic benefits of biofortified

    zinc wheat. We are also engaging the

    public and private seed sectors on

    multiplication, branding, and marketing

    of this nutritious variety.

    The Government of Pakistan wasconfident enough about the prospects

    of biofortification to include it in two keystrategic plans: the eleventh Five-YearDevelopment Plan (20132018) and thePakistan Vision 2025.

    Zinc Wheat

    Where We Work

    India, Pakistan

    Nutritional Benefts

    Provide up to 50% of dailyzinc needs

    Farmer Benefts

    High yielding, diseaseresistant

    HarvestZinc

    Can we make grains more zinc-rich by simply applying a zinc fertilizer to the

    soil or a crops foliage? HarvestZinc is evaluating this approach, known as

    agronomic biofortification, in experiments with wheat and rice across Asia.

    Scientists conducted experiments in five countries and 19 locations over two

    years and found that a single spray of zinc sulphate applied to the plants

    foliage raised the concentration of zinc in wheat by about 25 percent. Zincsulphate is the most commonly applied foliar fertilizer, but other zinc-based

    foliar fertilizers were found to increase zinc concentration by as much as 42

    percent. HarvestZincs experiments also confirmed that soil zinc application

    can improve wheat grain yields by as much as seven percent and rice grain

    yields by six percent. These experiments were conducted in major wheat- and

    rice-growing countries, including India, Pakistan, China, Turkey, and Thailand.

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    Financial Summary

    2013 HarvestPlus Disbursements By Category (In thousand US dollars)

    Crop Development 12,471

    Human Nutrition 4,529

    Impact & Policy Analysis 2,501

    Delivery 7,432

    Communications & Development 1,994

    Administration 2,890

    Country/Region Program Support 1,443

    Total Unrestricted 33,260

    GC9 Project 330

    HarvestZinc Project 373

    Total Restricted 703

    Total Disbursements 33,963

    37%Crop Development

    14%Human NutritionImpact & Policy Analysis8%

    Delivery22%

    Communications & Development6%

    Administration 9%4%Country/Region Program Support

    Unrestricted Disbursements by Category

    2013 Don ors

    Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

    Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

    UK Department for International

    Development (DFID)

    US Agency for International Development (USAID) Zinc Project Group

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    2013 Program Advisory Committee MembersJeroen A. Bordewijk

    Senior Vice President (Retired), Unilever Corporation,

    Supply Chain Excellence Programme, Netherlands

    Wanda Collins

    Director, USDA Plant Sciences Institute, United States

    S. Mahendra Dev

    Director & Vice Chancellor, Indira Ghandi Instituteof Development Research, India

    Ruben Echeverria

    Director General, CIAT, Colombia

    Shenggen Fan

    Director General, IFPRI, United States

    Richard (Dick) Flavell

    Chief Scientific Officer, Ceres Inc., United Kingdom

    Mahabub Hossain

    Executive Director, Bangladesh Rural AdvancementCommittee (BRAC), Bangladesh

    Anna Lartey

    Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition

    and Food Science, University of Ghana, Ghana

    Peter McPherson (PAC Chair)

    President, Association of Public and Land-grantUniversities (APLU), United States

    Patrick J. Murphy

    Vice President (Retired), Bank of America, United States

    HarvestPlus TeamRepresenting more than 20 countries, HarvestPlus

    team members bring many years of experience acrossdifferent disciplines and from both the public and pri-vate sectors. HarvestPlus team members are based

    at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) in Cali, Colombia, and the International Food

    Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in Washington, DC.Many are posted in countries where nutrient-rich foodcrops are being released. There are now HarvestPlus

    offices or team members in Bangladesh, Brazil, theDemocratic Republic of Congo, India, Nigeria, Paki-

    stan, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zambia. A complete listof team members and their biographies can be foundon the HarvestPlus website at www.HarvestPlus.org.

    Smale, M., and Ekin Birol. 2013.Smallholder Demand for MaizeHybrids and Selective Seed Subsidies in Zambia.HarvestPlus

    Working Paper 9. Washington, DC: HarvestPlus.

    Banerji, A., S. Chowdhury, H. De Groote, J.V. Meenakshi, K.Tomlins, J. Haleegoah, and M. Ewool. 2013.Using ElicitationMechanisms to Estimate the Demand for Nutritious Maize:

    Evidence from Experiments in Rural Ghana.HarvestPlus

    Working Paper 10. Washington, DC: HarvestPlus. Asare-Marfo, D., E. Birol, C. Gonzalez, M. Moursi, S. Perez,

    J. Schwarz, and M. Zeller. 2013.Prioritizing Countries forBiofortification Interventions Using Country-Level Data.HarvestPlus Working Paper 11. Washington, DC: HarvestPlus.

    Smale, M., M. Moursi, E. Birol, and H. De Groote. 2013. HybridSeed Use and Diversity of Diets among Women in Smallholder

    Maize-Growing Households in Zambia.HarvestPlus WorkingPaper 12. Washington, DC: HarvestPlus.

    Smale, M., E. Simpungwe, E. Birol, H. De Groote, and R.Mutale. 2013.The Changing Structure of the Maize SeedIndustry in Zambia: Prospects for Orange Maize.HarvestPlus

    Research for Action Paper 1. Washington, DC: HarvestPlus.

    Note: All publications are available for download from the

    HarvestPlus website

    Selected Media Coverage New process could develop biofortified cassava faster,

    SciDevNet, December 5, 2013

    Climate-smart pearl millet variety may be a game changer

    for nutrition,Feed the Future, November 22, 2013

    Can the B-word beat malnutrition?,IRIN, September 25, 2013 Rambo root packs new vitamin A punch,Voice of America,

    September 23, 2013

    Reducing micronutrient deficiency with biofortification,The Guardian, September 3, 2013

    Rice Revolution,The Daily Star, August 25, 2013 Super bajra fights malnutrition,The Times of India,

    August 23, 2013

    Brazil develops superfoods to fight hidden hunger,IPS,July 17, 2013

    Biofortification may hold keys to hidden hunger,IPS,June 21, 2013

    Supercrops: Britain pledges large-scale funding to boosthealth of undernourished people in Africa,The Independent,June 17, 2013

    Launching a nutri-farm movement,Financial Chronicle,May 15, 2013

    India fortifies food to fight hidden hunger,Voice of America,March 5, 2013

    Agricultural policies have a huge impact on nutrition,Live

    Mint, March 5, 2013 Biofortification, lasting solutions to micronutrient malnutrition

    and world hunger,CSA News, January, 2013

    Governance Publications & Media

    10 HarvestPlus

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    BANGLADESHCGIAR Partners

    International Rice Research Institute

    (IRRI)

    Local Partners

    Agricultural Advisory Society (AAS)Association for Integrated Human

    Development (AIHD)Bangladesh Agricultural Development

    Council

    Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityBangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI)

    BRACChristian Commission for Development in

    Bangladesh (CCDB)

    Concern on National Problems (CONP)Integrated Social Welfare Association

    (ISWA)International Centre for Diarrhoeal

    Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b)

    Mymensingh UniversityNatun Zibon Rochi (NAZIR)

    Peoples Development Institute (PDI)Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service (RDRS)Society Development Committee (SDC)

    Shariatpur Development Society (SDS)Shawdesh Unnay Kendra (SUK)

    Small & Medium Seed ProducingAssociation (SMSPA)

    South West Seed Producer Association ofBangladesh (SWSPAB)

    University of Dhaka

    Unnayan Dhara (UD)

    Other Partners

    Commonwealth Scientific and IndustrialResearch Organization

    Flinders UniversityHarvard School of Public Health

    University of Adelaide

    DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Of CONGO

    CGIAR Partners

    International Institute of Tropical

    Agriculture (IITA)

    Local Partners

    Actions Concertes pour leDveloppement Durable (ACODED)

    2013 Partners

    ADRA (Adventist Development and Relief

    Agency)AGROPRO (Association des Agronomes

    Professionnels)Amis des Semences (AS)Association CADI (Centre Agricole pour

    la Sant et le Dveloppement Familial(ASDF-ONGD Developpement deIdjwi)

    Association pour le DveloppementEndogne de Matadi (ADEM)

    Association des Cultivateurs et leveurs(AJECEDEKI)

    Association des Femmes pour la

    Promotion et le Dveloppement(AFPDE)

    Association des Femmes Techniciennesde Dveloppement Rural (AFTDER)

    Catholic Relief Service (CRS)Centre dAdaptation et de Production des

    Semences Ameliores (CAPSA)

    Centre dEncadrement pour leDveloppement Communautaire

    (CEDECOM)Centre de Dveloppement Rural (CEDER)/

    Tshela

    Centre de Dveloppement Rural deRutshuru (CEDERU)

    Centre Evanglique Francophone (CEF)-Parole du Salut

    Centre pour le Dveloppement Rural de

    Kwilu-Ngongo (CDRK)DIOBASS

    Ferme Le LysFerme de lEglise Life LineGIZ

    Groupe Agro Pastoral du Kivu (GAP-Kivu)Groupe dAction pour le Dveloppement

    Durable (GADD)Groupe dencadrement des initiatives

    dautopromotion sociale (GEIAPSO)

    Groupe du Peuple de Dieu (GROUPEDI)La Main dans la main

    Laboratoire dAppui aux activits Agro-Pastorales au Congo (LAPAC-Asbl)

    LAYUKAMinistry of AgricultureMinistry of Health

    Ministry of Health National NutritionProgram (PRONANUT)

    National Institute for Agricultural Study

    and Research (INERA)ONGD-Femmes Business

    PABU (Projet Agricole de Buhengere)Paroisse de MwandaPAV (Projet Agricole pour les Vulnerables)

    Plantation BakulikiraPlantation KakondoProduction et Multiplication des

    Semences (PROMUSEM)SARCAF

    Service National de Semences(SENASEM)

    SISI Trading

    Syndicat pour la Dfense des Intrts desPaysans (SYDIP)

    University of GomaUniversit Evangelique en AfriqueUniversity of Bukavu

    University of KinshasaUniversity of Lubumbashi

    INDIACGIAR Partners

    International Crops Research Institute for

    the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)International Food Policy Research

    Institute (IFPRI)International Maize and Wheat

    Improvement Center (CIMMYT)International Rice Research Institute

    (IRRI)

    Local Partners

    Ajeet Seeds LimitedAll India Coordinated Pearl Millet

    Improvement Project (AICPMIP)

    Banaras Hindu UniversityBayer BioScience Pvt. Ltd.

    Bidhan Chandra Agricultural UniversityBioseed Research India Pvt Ltd

    Birsa Agricultural UniversityCCS Haryana Agricultural University-

    College of Home Science, Department

    of Food and NutritionCentral Rice Research Institute

    Delhi School of EconomicsDesert Medicine Research Center,

    Rajasthan

    DevGen Seeds and Crop Tech Pvt. Ltd.Dhule College of Agriculture

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    Directorate of Rice Research-India

    Directorate of Wheat Research-IndiaGanga Kaveri Seeds Pvt. Ltd.

    Gokhale Institute of Politics andEconomics

    Haryana Agricultural University

    Hytech Seed India Pvt. Ltd.

    India Biofortification ProgramIndian Agricultural Research InstituteIndian Council on Agricultural Research

    Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya(IGKV) University

    Institute of Development Studies, Jaipur

    JK Agri Genetics Ltd.J Nehru Medical College

    Junagadh Agricultural UniversityKaveri Seeds Co. Ltd.Kesar Enterprises Ltd.

    KISAN Forum Pvt. Ltd.Mahamana Krishak Cooperative

    Maharashtra State Seeds CorporationMahatma Phule Krishi VidyapeethMahyco

    Metahelix Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd.Ministries of Agriculture, Health, and

    EducationMS Baroda University, GujaratNational Agricultural Research Project

    (NARP)National Institute of Nutrition

    Nirmal Seeds Pvt. Ltd.Nuziveedu Seeds Pvt. Ltd.

    SamridhiSEED Solutions, SEED Infotech Ltd.Sai Seeds

    Shakti Vardhak Hybrid Seeds Pvt. Ltd.SNDT Womens University, Maharashtra

    St. Johns Medical Research CenterSwami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural

    University

    Tempest Advertising Pvt. Ltd.Vibha Seeds Pvt Ltd.

    Other Partners

    Childrens Hospital Oakland Research

    Institute-CHORICommonwealth Scientific and Industrial

    Research OrganizationCornell University

    Flinders UniversityHarvard School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of

    HealthNorth Dakota State University

    Ohio State University

    Penn State University

    Swiss Federal Institute of Technology(ETH-Zurich)

    The Kiel Institute for the World EconomyUnited States Department of Agriculture,

    Agricultural Research Service

    (USDA-ARS), North Atlantic

    University of AdelaideUniversity of Colorado, DenverUniversity of GeorgiaUniversity of Michigan

    University of OklahomaWaite Analytical Laboratory

    Western Human Nutrition ResearchCenter

    NIGERIACGIAR Partners

    International Food Policy Research

    Institute (IFPRI)

    International Institute of TropicalAgriculture (IITA)

    International Maize and WheatImprovement Center (CIMMYT)

    Local Partners

    Agricultural Development Programmes(ADP)

    Akwa Ibom State University

    Cassava Growers Association of NigeriaDamisa Gurus

    Development DynamicsDominican Centre for Training and

    Development

    ENVOY Agricultural ServicesFederal College of Agriculture - Akure

    Forward AfricaHuman Empowerment and Development

    Project (HEMADEP)

    Institute of Agricultural Research &Training (IAR&T)

    Justice Development and PeaceCommission (JDPC)

    Ministries of Agriculture, Education, and

    Health

    National Orientation AgencyNational Root Crops Research Institute

    (NRCRI)

    National Television Authority (NTA)Niji Farms Ltd.Nollywood Smile Africa Network

    Obafemi Awolowo UniversityRadio Nigeria

    Redeem Aids Programme ActionCommittee (RAPAC)

    Senator Adeyemo Women EmpowermentCooperative (SAWEC)

    University of Uyo

    Women in Agriculture

    Other Partners

    Brazilian Agricultural Research

    Corporation (Embrapa)Delhi School of EconomicsGreenwich University

    SEED Solutions, SEED Infotech Ltd.

    RWANDACGIAR Partners

    International Center for Tropical

    Agriculture (CIAT)International Food Policy Research

    Institute (IFPRI)

    Local Partners

    Dveloppement Rural Durable (DRD)Health and Development Initiative (HDI)

    IMBARAGA Rwanda Farmer FederationKigali Institute of Science and Technology

    (KIST)Ministry of Agriculture (MINAGRI)Ministry of Education (MINEDUC)

    Ministry of Health (MOH)National Laboratory

    National University of RwandaRwanda Agriculture Board (RAB)Win-Win Agritech

    Other Partners

    Belgian Technical Cooperation (BTC)Cornell University

    East and Central African Bean ResearchNetwork

    Flinders University, Australia

    Institut des Sciences Agronomiques duBurundi (ISABU), Burundi

    Kansas State UniversityMichigan State UniversityNational Crops Resources Research

    Institute/

    National Agricultural ResearchOrganization (NaCRRI), Uganda - BeanProgram

    North Dakota State University

    Nutrisurvey Jrgen ErhardtPan-Africa Bean Research Alliance

    (PABRA)Penn State University

    SEED Solutions, SEED Infotech Ltd.Selian Agricultural Research Institute

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    (SARI), Tanzania

    Swiss Federal Institute of Technology(ETH-Zurich)

    United States Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service(USDA-ARS), North Atlantic

    University of Oklahoma

    Waite Analytical Laboratory, AustraliaWorld Food Programme (WFP)

    UGANDACGIAR Partners

    International Food Policy ResearchInstitute (IFPRI)

    International Potato Center (CIP)

    Local Partners

    BioCropsCaritas - Hoima Diocese

    Community Enterprise Development

    Organization (CEDO)Kigarama Cooperative and Marketing

    SocietyMakerere University, Department of Food

    Science and TechnologyMbarara University - Healthy Child

    Uganda Project

    National Crops Resources ResearchInstitute/National Agricultural Research

    Organization (NaCRRI) - Sweet Potatoand Bean Program

    TracFM

    Volunteer Efforts for DevelopmentConcerns (VEDCO)

    Other Partners

    Africa 2000 Network

    Center for Advanced Hindsight,Duke University

    Farm Radio InternationalMillennium Village ProjectPan-African Bean Research Alliance

    (PABRA)Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB)

    Samaritans PurseUniversity of California, Davis

    Virginia Tech UniversityWorld Food ProgrammeWorld Vision

    ZAMBIACGIAR Partners

    Centre for International Forestry Research(CIFOR)

    International Institute of Tropical

    Agriculture (IITA)International Maize and Wheat

    Improvement Center (CIMMYT)WorldFish Center

    Local Partners

    Emvest Farms

    Government Ministries: Agriculture,Education, Health

    Indaba Agricultural Policy ResearchInstitute (IAPRI)

    Kamano SeedMicronutrient Malnutrition TaskforceNational Food and Nutrition Commission

    National Institute for Scientific and

    Industrial ResearchProgramme Against MalnutritionSeedCo

    Star MillingTropical Disease Research Center

    University of Zambia

    Zambia Agriculture Research Institute(ZARI)

    Zambia Consumers AssociationZambia Seed Traders Association

    (ZASTA)ZamSeed

    Other Partners

    Iowa State University

    Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School ofPublic Health

    Land O LakesMichigan State University

    Purdue UniversitySEED Solutions, SEED Infotech Ltd.University of California, Davis

    University of Wisconsin-MadisonUniversity of ZambiaWorld Food Programme

    World Vision

    PHOTO CREDITS(clockwise from top)

    Front Cover: Hands/boy: N. Palmer (CIAT); Crops:

    HarvestPlus & iStock

    Inside Cover: HarvestPlus & iStock

    Page 1: Y. Islam*

    Page 2: Angoor Studios; J. Isaacson*

    Page 3: IITA; iStock

    Page 4: iStock; E. Simpungwe*

    Page 5: HarvestPlus Uganda; Y. Islam*

    Page 6: HarvestPlus; L. Vidyasagar (ICRISAT)

    Page 7: A. Hossain*; iStock

    Page 8: iStock; HarvestPlus

    Page 10: J. Isaacson*

    Back Cover: iStock & HarvestPlus

    *HarvestPlus staff

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