HC #5

Consequences of the Civil Rights Movement

Affirmative Action & Forced Busing

Objective…Describe how affirmative

action policies address the inequalities of American society.

Describe the controversy surrounding affirmative action.

Positive change: Blacks benefited from

desegregation & voting rights

The problem:The pace of change was slow &

frustrating to some people.Many businesses maintained discriminating hiring practices.

1965: “Affirmative Action”• Affirmative action is intended to promote equal opportunity for

minority groups. The justification for affirmative action is that it helps to compensate for past discrimination.

• LBJ issues E.O. 11246 which required federal contractors to hire without regard to race, religion & national origin. In 1968, gender was added to the anti-discrimination list.

1967: LBJ appoints Thurgood Marshall to the U.S. Supreme Court…

• The NAACP lawyer who argued the Brown v. Board of Ed case before the Supreme Court.

• The Supreme Court's first African-American justice.• Supreme Court justice from 1967-1991.

Affirmative Action -Social justice of reverse discrimination?

• Reverse discrimination is a term referring to discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group in favor of members of a minority or historically disadvantaged group.

1971: Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Ed.

• The goal: Regardless of race all students must receive equal educational opportunities.

• The Supreme Court ruled that students will be bused between districts to achieve integrated schools.