heat detection in the cow
DESCRIPTION
Heat Detection in the Cow. Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MS Professor and Extension Program Leader Texas AgriLife Extension Service Texas A&M System College Station, TX 77843 http://extensionvetmed.tamu.edu. The Mechanics of Estrus. The basics of the estrous cycle Why a cow cycles. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Heat Detection in the Cow
Floron C. Faries, Jr., DVM, MSProfessor and Extension Program Leader
Texas AgriLife Extension ServiceTexas A&M System
College Station, TX 77843http://extensionvetmed.tamu.edu
The Mechanics of Estrus
The basics of the estrous cycle
Why a cow cycles
Duration of heat: 1 day (6-30 hrs) Heat Estrus
Days between cycles: 20 days No heat Out of heat Between heats Diestrus
Cycling Estrous cycle is 21 days (18-24 days)
Not cycling Anestrus (no heat)
Cow in heat for 1 day Follicle and egg
Cow out of heat for 20 days CL develops for 5 days Mature CL for 11 days CL regresses for 4 days Cow comes in heat after CL regresses
Age cattle should cycle (puberty)
English breeds: 12-13 months
Continental breeds: 14-15 months
Brahman: 14-18 months
Cross breeds: puberty at least 1 month earlier
Determination of Timing for A.I.
Early Stage of Heat Bawling and walking Butting, trailing and mounting other cows Swollen vulva with redness inside Little if any, clear mucous discharge Cervix is open Uterus is rigid
Middle Stage of Heat Complacent and restless Very red and swollen vulva Abundant, clear mucous discharge Slightly matted hair on tail head Rides other cows Ridden by other cows Stands to be mounted (in standing heat)
Late Stage of Heat Mount other cows May still be ridden but will not stand Nervousness disappear Vulva swelling and mucus decrease Mucus becomes slightly rubbery Hair on tail head becomes matted
Ovulation occurs 14 hours (range 6 to 18 hours) after standing heat ends
Slightly bloody mucous discharge occurs about 24 to 48 hours after standing heat ends
Proper timing to increase conception rates Heat checks by an observer are 15 to 30
minute durations Repeated 3 to 4 times a day
Breed the cow 8 to 12 hours after first mounting (standing heat)
When standing heat begins in the morning, breed at night
When standing heat begins at night, breed in the morning
Health Concerns
Non-diseases Persistent heat
Persistent follicle Persistent no heat/anestrus
Persistent CL Embryonic/fetal deaths
Stress Malnutrition
Infertility Stress Malnutrition Low reproductive tract scores Low body condition scores Uterine trauma
Diseases Embryonic/fetal deaths
Vibriosis Trichomoniasis Neosporosis Brucellosis IBR BVD Hemophilus
Infertility Uterine infections