heavy metal1

7/28/2019 Heavy Metal1

1/62

Yourcontinued donationskeep Wikipedia running!

Heavy metal music

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation,search"Heavy metal" redirects here. For use of the term in chemistry, seeHeavy

metals. For other uses, seeHeavy metal (disambiguation).

Heavy metal

Stylistic origins: Psychedelic rock,Europeanclassical musicand British

blues

Cultural origins: Late 1960s United Kingdom

Typical

instruments:

Guitar- Bass -Drums

Mainstream

popularity:

Extensively followed bydedicated fans throughout theworld.

Subgenres

Avant garde metal - Black metal -Classic metal -Deathmetal -Doom metal -Folk metal- Glam metal -Gothic

metal- Groove metal-Hair Metal -Neo-classical metal -Power metal -Progressive metal - Speed Metal- Thrash

metal

Fusion genres

Alternative metal- Christian metal -Funk metal -Grindcore - Industrial metal -Metalcore -Nu metal-

Rapcore- Stoner metal- Symphonic metal -Vedic metal

Regional scenes

Gothenburg -Britain-Bay Area- Florida

Other topics

Fashion -History-Bands- Umlaut
http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Fundraisinghttp://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Fundraisinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#column-onehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#column-onehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#searchInputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_classical_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_classical_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_classical_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues-rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues-rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_genreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avant_garde_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groove_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-classical_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-classical_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grindcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphonic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothenburg_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Wave_of_British_Heavy_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Wave_of_British_Heavy_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Wave_of_British_Heavy_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_Area_thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_Area_thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_Area_thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_heavy_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_heavy_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_heavy_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_bandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_bandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_bandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_umlauthttp://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Fundraisinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#column-onehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#searchInputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_classical_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_classical_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues-rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues-rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_genreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avant_garde_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groove_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-classical_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funk_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grindcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphonic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothenburg_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Wave_of_British_Heavy_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_Area_thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_heavy_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_bandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_umlaut


2/62

Heavy metal is a genre ofrock music that emerged as a defined musical style in the1970s, having its roots in hard rockbands which, between 1967 and 1974, mixed

blues and rockto create a hybrid with a thick, heavy, guitar-and-drums-centeredsound, characterised by the use of highly-amplified distortion. Out of heavy metalvarious subgenres later evolved, many of which are referred to simply as "metal". As

a result, "heavy metal" now has two distinct meanings: either the genre as a whole ortraditional heavy metal in the 1970s style, as exemplified by the likes ofBlackSabbath, Blue Cheer, Deep Purple, Led Zeppelin, Vanilla Fudge and others.

Heavy metal began gaining popularity in the 1970's and 80's, at which time many ofthe now existing subgenres first evolved. Heavy metal has a large world-widefollowing of fans known by terms such as metalheads and headbangers.

Contents

[hide] 1 Characteristics

o 1.1 Instrumentationo 1.2 Themeso 1.3 Classical influence

2 Historyo 2.1 The term "heavy metal"o 2.2 Origins (1960s and early 1970s)o 2.3 Classic Heavy Metal (Late 1970s and early 1980s)o 2.4 Mainstream Dominance (1980s)o 2.5 Underground Metal (1980s, 1990s, and 2000s)o 2.6 Alternative Metal/Nu Metal (1990s and 2000s)

3 Cultural impacto 3.1 Eurovision

4 Related styles 5 Heavy metal dance 6 See also 7 Sources

8 External links[edit]

Characteristics

Heavy metal is typically characterized by a distorted guitar-led sound, straightforwardrhythms, and classical or symphonic styles. However, heavy metal subgenres havetheir own stylistic variations on the original form that often omit many of thesecharacteristics.

According to Allmusic.com, "Of all rock & roll's myriad forms, heavy metal is themost extreme in terms of volume, machismo, and theatricality. There are numerous

stylistic variations on heavy metal's sound, but they are all tied together by a relianceon loud, distorted guitars and simple, pounding rhythms."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_and_rollhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distortion#Guitar_soundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Cheerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanilla_Fudgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Characteristicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Characteristicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Instrumentationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Themeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Classical_influencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#The_term_.22heavy_metal.22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Origins_.281960s_and_early_1970s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Classic_Heavy_Metal_.28Late_1970s_and_early_1980s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Mainstream_Dominance_.281980s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Underground_Metal_.281980s.2C_1990s.2C_and_2000s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Alternative_Metal.2FNu_Metal_.281990s_and_2000s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Cultural_impacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Eurovisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Related_styleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_and_rollhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distortion#Guitar_soundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Cheerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanilla_Fudgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalheadshttp://toggletoc%28%29/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Characteristicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Instrumentationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Themeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Classical_influencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#The_term_.22heavy_metal.22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Origins_.281960s_and_early_1970s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Classic_Heavy_Metal_.28Late_1970s_and_early_1980s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Mainstream_Dominance_.281980s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Underground_Metal_.281980s.2C_1990s.2C_and_2000s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Alternative_Metal.2FNu_Metal_.281990s_and_2000s.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Cultural_impacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Eurovisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Related_styleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Heavy_metal_dancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=1


3/62

[edit]

Instrumentation

The most commonly used line-up for metal is a drummer, abassist, a rhythm guitarist,

a lead guitarist, and a singer (who may or may not be an instrumentalist). Keyboardsare used in some styles of heavy metal and shunned by others, although as differentsubgenres develop they have become increasingly popular. The guitar, however, is thekey element in heavy metal. Distortion of the guitar sound is used to create a

powerful, 'heavy' sound. Some of the original heavy metallers joke--much like punkrockers--that their simplified sound was more the result of limited ability than ofinnovation. Later, more intricate solos and riffs became a big part of heavy metalmusic. Guitarists use sweep-picking, tapping and other advanced techniques for rapid

playing, and many sub-genres praise virtuosity over simplicity. Also, as technologyhas developed, new ways of altering the guitar's sound have been adopted.

Metal vocals vary widely in style. Vocalists' abilities and styles range from the multi-octave operatic vocals ofJudas Priest's Rob Halford and the singing ofIron Maiden'sBruce Dickinson, to the intentionally gruff vocals ofLemmy Kilmisterfrom the bandMotrhead.

In terms of the live sound, volume is often considered as important as anything.Following the lead set byThe Who andJimi Hendrix, early Heavy Metal bands setnew benchmarks for sound volume during shows. Tony Iommi, guitarist in HeavyMetal pioneers Black Sabbath, is just one of the early Heavy Metal musicians tosuffer considerable hearing loss due to their live volume. Detroit rockerTed Nugent

(who rejects the term "heavy metal" to describe his music) and The Who (who onceheld the distinction of "The World's Loudest Band" in the Guinness Book Of WorldRecords) guitarist Pete Townshend are nearly deaf. Canada's Eudoxis are credited ashaving the longest and loudest bass drums (six feet long), which proves that size doesmatter. Heavy Metal's volume fixation was mocked in the rockumentary spoofThisIsSpinal Tap by guitarist "Nigel Tufnel", who revealed that his Marshall amplifiers had

been modified to "go to eleven."

[edit]

Themes

As with much popular music, visuals and images are integral to metal. Album coversand stage shows are almost as important to the presentation of the material as themusic itself, although they seldom exceed the actual music in priority. Thus, throughheavy metal, many artists collaborate to produce a menu of experiences in each piece

offering a wider range of experiences to the audience. In this respect, heavy metalbecomes perhaps more of a diverse art form than any single form dominated by onemethod of expression. Whereas a painting is experienced visually, a symphonyexperienced audibly, a heavy metal band's "image" and the common theme that bindsall their music is expressed in the artwork on the album, the set of the stage, the toneof the lyrics, and the clothes of the band, in addition to the sound of the music.
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drummerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythm_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweep-pickinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweep-pickinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtuosohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Halfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Halfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Dickinsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemmy_Kilmisterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemmy_Kilmisterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mot%C3%B6rheadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimi_Hendrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Iommihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Iommihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Nugenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Nugenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Taphttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drummerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythm_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweep-pickinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtuosohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Halfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Dickinsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemmy_Kilmisterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mot%C3%B6rheadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimi_Hendrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Iommihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Nugenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinness_Book_Of_World_Recordshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinness_Book_Of_World_Recordshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Townshendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudoxishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockumentaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Taphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Taphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Guesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Amplificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=3


4/62

Rock historians tend to find that the influence of Western pop music gives heavymetal its escape-from-reality fantasy side, as an escape from reality throughoutlandish and fantastic lyricswhile African American blues gives heavy metal itsnaked reality side, focusing on loss, depression and loneliness. Heavy metal has arelationship with spiritual issues in both symbol and music theory, as heavy metal

chords and harmonies emphasize the use ofopen fifthsdrawing ironic parallels toharmony changes in Christian Sacred Harp singing.

If the audio and thematic components of heavy metal are predominantly blues-influenced reality, then the visual component is predominantly pop-influencedfantasy. The themes of darkness, evil, power and apocalypse are fantastic languagecomponents for addressing the reality of life's problems. In reaction to the "peace andlove" hippie culture of the 1960s, heavy metal developed as a counterculture, wherelight is supplanted by darkness and the happy ending of pop is replaced by the nakedreality that things do not always work out in this world. Whilst fans claim that themedium of darkness is not the message, critics have accused the genre of glorifying

the negative aspects of reality.

Metallica's debut albumKill'em All

Heavy metal themes are typically more grave than the generally airy pop from the1950s, 1960s, and 1970sfocusing on war, nuclear annihilation, environmentalissues, and political or religious propaganda. Black Sabbath's "War Pigs", OzzyOsbourne's "Killer of Giants",Metallica's "...And Justice for All (album)" (as well astheir "Disposable Heroes"), and Iron Maiden's "2 Minutes to Midnight" are examplesof serious contributions to the discussion of the state of affairs. The commentary onreality sometimes tends to become over-simplified because the fantasticpoetic

vocabulary of metal deals primarily with clear dichotomies of light and dark, hopeand despair, or good and evil, which do not leave much room for complex shades ofgrey. Power metal bands, whose lyrical and musical tones are often bombastic andoptimistic, are one exception to the dark stereotype. Many power metal fans and

bands, most notably Manowar, believe metal should be inspiring and upbeat music,often resulting in comical bravado or jingoism.

[edit]

Classical influence
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_fifthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Harphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:MetallicaKill%27EmAll.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:MetallicaKill%27EmAll.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:MetallicaKill%27EmAll.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:MetallicaKill%27EmAll.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_Pigshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...And_Justice_for_All_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disposable_Heroes_(Metallica)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_Minutes_to_Midnighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_affairshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:MetallicaKill%27EmAll.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:MetallicaKill%27EmAll.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_fifthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Harphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_Pigshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...And_Justice_for_All_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disposable_Heroes_(Metallica)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_Minutes_to_Midnighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_affairshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manowar_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=4


5/62

Ozzy Osbourne The Blizzard of Ozz

The appropriation of classical music by heavy metal typically includes the influenceofBach and Paganini, rather than Mozart orFranz Liszt. Though DeepPurple/Rainbow guitarist Ritchie Blackmore had been experimenting with musicalfigurations borrowed from classical music since the early 1970s, Edward Van Halen'ssolo cadenza "Eruption" (released on Van Halen's first album in 1978) marks animportant moment in the development of virtuosity in metal. Following Van Halen,the "classical" influence in metal guitar during the 1980s actually looked to the earlyeigtheenth century for its model of speed and technique. Indeed, the late Baroque eraof Western art music was also frequently interpreted through a gothic lens. Forexample, "Mr. Crowley," (1981) by Ozzy Osbourne and guitarist Randy Rhoads, uses

both apipe organ-like synthesizerand Baroque-inspired guitarsolos to create aparticular mood for Osbourne's lyrics on the legendary occultist Aleister Crowley. Forthe introduction to 1982's "Diary of a Madman", Rhoads borrowed heavily fromCuban classical guitar composerLeo Brouwer's "Etude #6". Like many other metal

guitarists in the 1980s, Rhoads quite earnestly took up the "learned" study ofmusicaltheory and helped to solidify the minor industry of guitar pedagogy magazines (suchas Guitar for the Practicing Musician) that grew up during the decade. In mostinstances, however, metal musicians who borrowed the technique and rhetoric of artmusic were not attempting to be classical musicians. (An exception can arguably befound in Yngwie Malmsteen, though many argue that his music relies more onvirtuosity and the use ofclassical-soundingelements such as the harmonic minorscale to appear classical without actually beingclassical).

Iron Maiden Powerslave

The Encarta encyclopedia claims that "when a text was associated with the music,Bach could write musical equivalents of verbal ideas," Progressive rockbands such as
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:OzzyOsbourneBlizzardofOzz.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bachhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paganinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Liszthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie_Blackmorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie_Blackmorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_novelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Rhoadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_organhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthesizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleister_Crowleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Brouwerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Iron_Maiden_Powerslave.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Iron_Maiden_Powerslave.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Iron_Maiden_Powerslave.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:OzzyOsbourneBlizzardofOzz.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:OzzyOsbourneBlizzardofOzz.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bachhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paganinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Liszthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie_Blackmorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_novelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Rhoadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_organhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthesizerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleister_Crowleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Brouwerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteen


6/62

Emerson, Lake, and Palmerand Yes had already explored this relationship beforeheavy metal evolved. As heavy metal uses apocalyptic themes and images of powerand darkness, the ability to translate verbal ideas into musical ideas that successfullyconvey the ideas of the words is critical to heavy metal authenticity and credibility.An excellent example of this is the theme album,Powerslave, by Iron Maiden. The

cover is of a dramatic Egyptian pyramid scene and many of the songs on the albumhave subject matter that requires a sound suggestive of life and death, including asong entitled "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," based on the poem by SamuelTaylor Coleridge. However, the 1977 Rush album A Farewell to Kings features thetwelve-minute "Xanadu," also inspired by Coleridge and predating the Iron Maidencomposition by several years. Bassist Steve Harris has also cited progressive rock

bands such as Rush and Yes as influences on his own considerable talents.

[edit]

History[edit]

The term "heavy metal"

Cover fromLed Zeppelin. The album greatly influenced many heavy metal musicians

The origin of the term heavy metalin relation to a form of music is uncertain. Theterm had been used for centuries in chemistry and metallurgy and is listed as such inthe Oxford English Dictionary. An early use of the term in modern popular culture

was by counter-culture writerWilliam S. Burroughs. In his 1962 novel, The SoftMachine, he introduces the character "Uranian Willy, the Heavy Metal Kid". His nextnovel in 1964,Nova Express, develops this theme further, heavy metalbeing ametaphor for addictive drugs.

"With their diseases and orgasm drugs and their sexless parasite lifeforms Heavy Metal People of Uranus wrapped in cool blue mist ofvaporized bank notes And the Insect People of Minraud with metalmusic"

Burroughs, William S, (1964).Nova Express. New York: Grove Press. p. 112
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encartahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerson%2C_Lake%2C_and_Palmerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yes_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powerslave_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rime_of_the_Ancient_Marinerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rush_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Farewell_to_Kingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:LedZeppelinLedZeppelinalbumcover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:LedZeppelinLedZeppelinalbumcover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:LedZeppelinLedZeppelinalbumcover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_S._Burroughshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:LedZeppelinLedZeppelinalbumcover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:LedZeppelinLedZeppelinalbumcover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encartahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerson%2C_Lake%2C_and_Palmerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yes_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powerslave_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rime_of_the_Ancient_Marinerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rush_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Farewell_to_Kingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Harris_(musician)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rush_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yes_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_S._Burroughshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Burroughs


7/62

Given the publication dates of these works it is unlikely that Burroughs had any intentto relate the term to rock music; however, Burroughs' writing may have influencedlater usage of the term.

The first use of the term "heavy metal" in a song lyric is the words "heavy metal

thunder" in the1968Steppenwolfsong "Born to be Wild" (Walser 1993, p. 8):

"I like smoke and lightningHeavy metal thunderRacin' with the windAnd the feelin' that I'm under"

The book, "The History of Heavy Metal," states the name as a take from"hippiespeak," heavy meaning anything with a potent mood, and metal, morespecifically designating what the mood would be, grinding and weighted as metal.The word "heavy" (meaning serious or profound) had enteredbeatnik/counterculture

slang some time earlier and references to "heavy music"typically slower, moreamplified variations of standard pop farewere already common; indeed,IronButterfly first started playing Los Angeles in 1967, their name explained on an albumcover, "Iron- symbolic of something heavy as in sound, Butterfly- light, appealing andversatile...an object that can be used freely in the imagination". Iron Butterfly's 1968debut album was entitledHeavy. The fact thatLed Zeppelin (whose moniker came

partly in reference to Keith Moon's jest that they would "go down like a leadballoon") incorporated a heavy metal into its name may have sealed the usage of theterm.

In the late 1960s, Birmingham, Englandwas still a centre of industry and (given themany rock bands that evolved in and around the city, such as Led Zeppelin, TheMove, and Black Sabbath), some people suggest that the term Heavy Metal may havesome relation to such activity. Biographies of The Move have claimed that the soundcame from their 'heavy' guitar riffs that were popular amongst the 'metal midlands'.

Sandy Pearlman, original producer, manager and songwriter forBlue yster Cult,claims to have been the first person to apply the term "heavy metal" to rock music in1970.

A widespread but disputed hypothesis about the origin of the genre was brought forth

by "Chas" Chandler, who was a manager of the Jimi Hendrix Experience in 1969, inan interview on the PBS TV programme "Rock and Roll" in 1995. He states that "...it[heavy metal] was a term originated in a New York Times article reviewing a JimiHendrix performance," and claims the author described the Jimi Hendrix Experience"...like listening to heavy metal falling from the sky." The precise source of this claim,however, has not been found and its accuracy is disputed.

The first well-documented usage of the term "heavy metal" referring to a style ofmusic, appears to be the May 1971 issue ofCreem, in a review of Sir LordBaltimore'sKingdom Come. In this review we are told that "Sir Lord Baltimore seemsto have down pat most all the best heavy metal tricks in the book". Creem critics

David Marsh and Lester Bangswould subsequently use the term frequently in theirwritings in regards to bands such as Led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steppenwolf_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steppenwolf_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steppenwolf_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatnikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slanghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Butterflyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Butterflyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Butterflyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Moonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Moonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%2C_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%2C_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Movehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Movehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy_Pearlmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy_Pearlmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_%C3%96yster_Culthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_Bangshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_Bangshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steppenwolf_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatnikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slanghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Butterflyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Butterflyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Moonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%2C_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Movehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Movehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy_Pearlmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_%C3%96yster_Culthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_Bangs


8/62

Heavy metalmay have been used as a jibe initially by a number of music critics butwas quickly adopted by its adherents. Other, already-established bands, such as DeepPurple, who had origins in pop orprogressive rock, immediately took on the heavymetal mantle, adding distortion and additional amplification in a more aggressiveapproach.

[edit]

Origins (1960s and early 1970s)

Deep Purple Machine Head. One of the first quintessential heavy metal albums

Americanblues musicwas highly popular and influential among the early Britishrockers; bands like the Rolling Stonesand the Yardbirdshad recorded covers of manyclassic blues songs, sometimes speeding up the tempoand usingelectric guitarwherethe original used acoustic. (Similar adaptations of blues and otherrace musichad

formed the basis of the earliest rock and roll, notably that ofElvis Presley).

Such powered-up blues music was encouraged by the intellectualand artisticexperimentation that arose when musicians started to exploit the opportunities of theelectrically amplified guitar to produce a louder and more dissonant sound. Where

blues-rock drumming styles had been largely simple shuffle beatson small drum kits,drummers began using a more muscular, complex, and amplified approach to matchand be heard with the increasingly loud guitar sounds; similarly vocalists modifiedtheir technique and increased their reliance on amplification, often becoming morestylised and dramatic in the process. Simultaneous advances in amplification andrecording technology made it possible to successfully capture the power of this

heavier approach on record.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rolling_Stoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rolling_Stoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Yardbirdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Yardbirdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Presleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectualhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectualhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shuffle_beat&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shuffle_beat&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:BlackSabbathParanoid.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:BlackSabbathParanoid.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Machine_Head_album_cover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Machine_Head_album_cover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rolling_Stoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Yardbirdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Presleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectualhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shuffle_beat&action=edit


9/62

Black Sabbath Paranoid

The earliest music commonly identified as heavy metal came out of the Birminghamarea of the United Kingdom in the late 1960s when bands such as Led Zeppelin andBlack Sabbath applied an overtly non-traditional approach to blues standards and

created new music often based on blues scales and arrangements. These bands werehighly influenced by Americanpsychedelic rockmusicians including Jimi Hendrix,who had pioneered amplified and processed blues-rock guitar and acted as a bridge

between black American music and white European rockers.

Other oft-cited influences includeVanilla Fudge, who had slowed down andpsychedelicised pop tunes, as well as earlier British rockers such asThe Who and TheKinks, who had paved the way for heavy metal styles by introducingpower chordsand more aggressive percussion to the rock genre. Another key influence was Cream,who exemplified thepower trioformat that would become a staple of heavy metal.Perhaps the earliest song that is clearly identifiable as prototype heavy metal is "You

Really Got Me" by The Kinks (1965).

By late 1968, heavy blues sounds were becoming commonmany fans and scholarspoint to Blue Cheer's 1968 cover ofEddie Cochran's hit "Summertime Blues" as thefirst true heavy-metal song. Beatles scholars cite in particular the songs "HelterSkelter" from The White Album and the single version of "Revolution" (1968), whichset new standards for distortion and aggressive sound on a pop album.DaveEdmunds' band Love Sculpture released an aggressive heavy guitar version ofKhachaturian'sSabre Dance in November 1968. TheJeff BeckGroup's album Truth(late 1968) was an important and influential rock album released just before LedZeppelin's first album, leading some (especially British blues fans) to argue that Truthwas the first heavy metal album. The Yardbirds' 1968 single, "Think About It," shouldalso be mentioned, as that employed a similar sound to that whichJimmy Page wouldemploy with Led Zeppelin.

Also,progressive rockband King Crimson's "21st Century Schizoid Man" from theirdebut album, In the Court of the Crimson King (1969), featured most of the thematic,compositional, and musical characteristics of heavy metala very heavily distortedguitar tone and discordant soloing by Robert Fripp with lyrics that focused on what iswrong about what the 21st century human would be, a dark mood and even GregLake's vocals were passed through a distortion box.

However, it was the release ofLed Zeppelin in 1969 that brought worldwide notice ofthe formation of a new genre. The first heavy metal bandsLed Zeppelin, DeepPurple, Uriah Heep, UFO, and Black Sabbath, among a feware often now calledhard rockbands by the modern metal community rather than heavy metal, especiallythose bands whose sound was more similar to traditional rock music. In general, theterms heavy metaland hard rockare often used interchangeably, in particular whendiscussing the 1970s. Indeed, many such bands are not considered "heavy metal

bands" per se, but rather as having contributed individual songs or works thatcontributed to the genre. Few would considerJethro Tull a heavy metal band in anyreal sense, for example, but few would dispute that their song Aqualung was a

quintessential early Heavy Metal song.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birminghamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanilla_Fudgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanilla_Fudgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Kinkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Kinkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_chordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_triohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_triohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Cheerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Cheerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Cochranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Cochranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summertime_Blueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_White_Albumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolution_(song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Edmundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Edmundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Edmundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Edmundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Sculpturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khachaturianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khachaturianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabre_Dancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabre_Dancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Beckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Beckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Crimsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Court_of_the_Crimson_Kinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Fripphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Lakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Lakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uriah_Heep_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UFO_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jethro_Tull_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jethro_Tull_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqualung_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birminghamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanilla_Fudgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Kinkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Kinkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_chordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_triohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Cheerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Cochranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summertime_Blueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_White_Albumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolution_(song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Edmundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Edmundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Sculpturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khachaturianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabre_Dancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Beckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Crimsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Court_of_the_Crimson_Kinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Fripphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Lakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg_Lakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uriah_Heep_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UFO_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jethro_Tull_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqualung_(album)


10/62

[edit]

Classic Heavy Metal (Late 1970s and early 1980s)

Album by Van Halen

The late 1970s and early 1980s history of heavy metal music is highly debated amongmusic historians. Bands like Blue yster Cult achieved moderate mainstream successand the Los Angelesglam metal scene began finding pop audiencesespecially in the1980s. Others ignore or downplay the importance of these bands, instead focusing onthe arrival of classical influenceswhich can be heard in the work ofEddie VanHalen and Randy Rhoadsand such like. Others still highlight the late-70s cross-fertilization of heavy metal with fast-paced, youthfulpunk rock(e.g. Sex Pistols),culminating in theNew Wave of British Heavy Metal around the year 1980, led by

bands like Judas Priest and Iron Maiden. These two in particular became very popularin the Heavy Metal movement.

Some followers, including Heavy Metal musicians of prominent groups, believe thatthe foundations of the definite style and sound of pure heavy metal were laid down by

NWOBHM band Judas Priest (another Birmingham band) with three of their earlyalbums: Sad Wings Of Destiny (1976), Sin After Sin (1977), and Stained Class (1978).

Rainbow are also sometimes cited as pioneering a sort of pure heavy metal and onecould also make this claim about the later albums ofDeep Purple such asBurn andStormbringer, but these bands are generally considered to be hard rock bands.Beginning with Judas Priest, metal bands quickly began to look beyond the almostexclusive use of the blues scale to incorporate diatonic modes into their solos. This

has since spread throughout virtually all sub-genres of metal (some doom metal,following in Black Sabbath's footsteps, being the main exception) and along with anoverriding sense of musicianship are the main contributions classical andjazz(via

progressive rock) have made to the genre.

The explosion of guitar virtuosity (pioneered by Jimi Hendrix a musical generationearlier) was brought to the fore by Eddie Van Halenmany consider his 1978 solo"Eruption" (Van Halen, 1978) a milestone.Ritchie Blackmore (formerly of DeepPurple), Randy Rhoads (with pioneers Ozzy Osbourne, and Quiet Riot) and YngwieMalmsteenwent on to solidify this explosion of virtuoso guitar work, and in somecases, classical guitars and nylon-stringed guitars were played at heavy metalconcerts. Classical icons such asLiona Boyd also became associated with the heavy
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_%C3%96yster_Culthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles%2C_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles%2C_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Rhoadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Rhoadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_Pistolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Wave_of_British_Heavy_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWOBHMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burn_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormbringer_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_classical_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruption_(song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Halen_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie_Blackmorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie_Blackmorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Rhoadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiet_Riothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liona_Boydhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liona_Boydhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:VanHalenVanHalen.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:VanHalenVanHalen.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_%C3%96yster_Culthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles%2C_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Van_Halenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Rhoadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_Pistolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Wave_of_British_Heavy_Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Maidenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWOBHMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Purplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burn_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormbringer_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatonichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_classical_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eruption_(song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Halen_(album)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie_Blackmorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Rhoadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzy_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiet_Riothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liona_Boyd


11/62

metal stars as peers in a newly diverse guitar fraternity where conservative andaggressive guitarists could come together to "trade licks."

This explosion would cool down in the music ofRonnie James Dio (who himself hada tenure at lead vocals with the legendary Black Sabbath) and continue to settle

towards Judas Priest and Iron Maiden, who may be the final and completeconsummation of "pure" heavy metal in the lineage of the "grandfathers"JimiHendrix, Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, and Black Sabbath.

[edit]

Mainstream Dominance (1980s)

Quiet Riot Metal Health

The most popular subgenre of Metal emerged in the United States, coming from glam

metal bands of the 1980s the epicentre for this explosion was mostly in Los Angeles.

This scene was led by Van Halen, Mtley Cre and the first wave included groupssuch as Dokken, Ratt, Def Leppard, Bon Jovi, and others. At times even the likes ofDio and Judas Priest experimented with Glam Metal stylings in their music. 1984 wasa big year for Heavy Metal as Van Halen's Jump and Prince's Let's Go Crazy hitnumber 1 on the charts that year. These two songs opened the flood gates for manymore hit metal songs.

The genres caused a divide in the metal community, mostly due to the glam metalbands image, which fans ofthrash metal (a fellow subgenre) generally saw as

negative compared to their less eccentric look, a common misconception was thatglam metal bands were not technically proficient musicians; even though thismovement included some of the most critically acclaimed musicians in hard rock oftheir era such as Steve Vai (David Lee Roth,Whitesnake), Michael Angelo Batio(Nitro), Eddie Van Halen (Van Halen),Richie Sambora, (Bon Jovi) and Billy Sheehan(David Lee Roth, Mr. Big).

[edit]

Underground Metal (1980s, 1990s, and 2000s)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronnie_James_Diohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6tley_Cr%C3%BCehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dokkenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Def_Leppardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bon_Jovihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_(Van_Halen_song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let's_Go_Crazyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Vaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lee_Rothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lee_Rothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitesnakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Angelo_Batiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richie_Samborahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bon_Jovihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Sheehanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:QuietRiotMetalHealthalbumcover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:QuietRiotMetalHealthalbumcover.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronnie_James_Diohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sabbathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6tley_Cr%C3%BCehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dokkenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Def_Leppardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bon_Jovihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_(Van_Halen_song)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let's_Go_Crazyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Vaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lee_Rothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitesnakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Angelo_Batiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richie_Samborahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bon_Jovihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Sheehanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr._Bighttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=10


12/62

Slayer Reign in Blood

Many subgenres of heavy metaldeveloped in the 1980s. In a shift away from metal'shard rock roots, a more underground (at first) genre that took influences fromHardcore punkemergedthrash metal. The genre's sound was far more aggressive,louder and faster than the original metal bands or theirglam metal contempories ofthe time. This subgenre was pioneered by the 'Big Four Of Thrash',Anthrax,Megadeth, Metallica, and Slayer, with bands like San Francisco's Testament, NewJersey's Overkill and Brazil's Sepulturaalso making an impact. Meanwhile an evenharsher sound was coming from Europe, as Germany's Destruction, KreatorandSodom used harsher vocals and a generally more aggressive sound in a style thatwould later influenceblackand death metal.

In the early and mid 1980s, thrash began to split further into death metal (a termprobably originating from Possessed's song "Death Metal", off their influential "SevenChurches" album), led by Possessed and Death, and black metal (a term coined by

Venom, with an album called "Black Metal", who themselves lacked most integralcharacteristics of the genre, such as the buzz-saw vocals) and Denmark's MercyfulFate who are often considered the originators of the Corpse Paint and Satanic andPagan themes, in which Bathory (generally considered one of the first black metalacts although later deemed to be more in tune with Viking culture) and Mayhem werekey players early on.

From the 80s and into the 90spower metal, especially inEurope, evolved in anopposite direction from death metal and thrash. Keeping the anti-commercialmentality and intensity ofheavy metalbut focusing on upbeat and epic themes andcatchy melodies. Power metal usually involves high pitched 'clean singing' as opposed

to death grunts and often contains keyboards ororchestration.

Progressive metal, a fusion of the progressive stylings of bands like Rush, KingCrimson and traditional metal began in the '80s, too, behind innovators like FatesWarning and laterQueensrcheand Dream Theater, who enjoyed substantialmainstream acceptance and success in the glam metal era.

[edit]

Alternative Metal/Nu Metal (1990s and 2000s)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_genreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_genreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardcore_punkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Four_Of_Thrashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Four_Of_Thrashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Four_Of_Thrashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megadethhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testament_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overkill_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepulturahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepulturahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruction_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodom_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessed_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessed_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessed_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venom_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercyful_Fatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercyful_Fatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Corpse_Paint&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathory_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayhem_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_gruntshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rush_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Crimsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Crimsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fates_Warninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fates_Warninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensr%C3%BFchehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensr%C3%BFchehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_Theaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:SlayerReigninBlood.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:SlayerReigninBlood.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heavy_metal_genreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardcore_punkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrash_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Four_Of_Thrashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megadethhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testament_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overkill_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepulturahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruction_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodom_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessed_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possessed_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venom_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercyful_Fatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercyful_Fatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Corpse_Paint&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathory_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayhem_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_gruntshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rush_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Crimsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Crimsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fates_Warninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fates_Warninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensr%C3%BFchehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_Theaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=11


13/62

Ozzfest poster (1998). Ozzy Osbourne, Megadeth, System of a Down, Tool,

Motrhead appeared among others.

The era of metal dominating the mainsteam came to an end with the emergence ofNirvana and othergrunge bands that signaled the popular breakthrough ofalternativerock.

As the 1990s progressed metal began to make a comeback. This time around, themusic had a much more aggressive feel than most of the mainstream metal of the1980s. In some cases, bands also fused traditional elements with electronic beats andsamples as well as the conventions and attitude of alternative rock. These newer bandsare sometimes labeledalternative metal. Still more subgenres began to appear, such as

funeral doomandbrutal death metal, drawing on existing heavy metal subgenres.

Heavy metal's comeback was solidified with the arrival ofOzzfest in 1996, a touringmusic festival hosted by heavy metal legend Ozzy Osbourne. Later, Osbourne greweven more famous when he and his family starred in a reality TV show calledTheOsbournes. Many well-known metal bands played at Ozzfest, including MarilynManson, Rob Zombie, Deftones,Disturbed, Godsmack, Tool,System of a Down,Queens of the Stone Age, Slipknot, Korn,Dimmu Borgirand many more.

Some of these bands were grouped under the headingnu metalin order to signify anew wave of metal music. Much debate has arisen over the genre's massive successand whether or not it is metal in a conventional sense. Fans ofextreme metal, whichitself is debated by purists as to whether it is metal or not in the conventional sense,often levy these criticisms against nu metal. In recent years, Ozzfest has had manymetalcorebands playing at the festival and has helped the genre gain much popularity.Some see this style as nu metal's successor, whilst others believe that it will become

popular and fashionable in the same way as nu metal.

[edit]

Cultural impact
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzfesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunge_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funeral_doomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funeral_doomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brutal_death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brutal_death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzfesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Osbourneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Osbourneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Osbourneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Manson_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Manson_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Zombiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deftoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deftoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disturbedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godsmackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_a_Downhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_a_Downhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queens_of_the_Stone_Agehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slipknot_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dimmu_Borgir_(band)&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dimmu_Borgir_(band)&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ozzfest_1998_poster.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ozzfest_1998_poster.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzfesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunge_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funeral_doomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brutal_death_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzfesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Osbourneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Osbourneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Manson_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Manson_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Zombiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deftoneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disturbedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godsmackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_a_Downhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queens_of_the_Stone_Agehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slipknot_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dimmu_Borgir_(band)&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalcorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=12


14/62

The loud, confrontational aspects of heavy metal have led to friction between fans andmainstream society in many countries. Due to the hedonistic nature, public perceptionthinks of as being promoted by the music and its occasional anti-religious sentiments,some heavy metal as a sub-culture has come under attack in many Christian andIslamic countries where even wearing a black T-shirt can be an arrestable offense. In

Jordan, for example, all Metallica albums, past, present and future were banned in2001.[1] In Europe and America, the fan base for heavy metal consists primarily ofwhite males in their teens and 20smany of whom are attracted to heavy metal'sovertly anti-social yet fantastical lyrics and extreme volume and tempos. Hence, thestereotype of the adolescentheadbangerventing his rebellious urges by listening to

presposterously loud, morbid music emerged. This image has been highlighted inpopular culture with such television shows and movies as "Beavis and Butt-head" and"Airheads." Heavy metal's bombastic excesses, exemplified by glam metal, have often

been parodied, most famously in the filmThis Is Spinal Tap(see also thephenomenon of the heavy metal umlaut).

Many heavy metal stylings have made their way into everyday (albeit ironic) use; forinstance, the "devil horns" hand sign popularized by Ronnie James Dio and GeneSimmons has become a common sight at many rock concerts. During the 1970s and1980s, flirtation with occultthemes by artists such as Black Sabbath, Iron Maiden,KISS, Mercyful Fate, Led Zeppelin, Mtley Cre, Ozzy Osbourne, and W.A.S.P., ledto accusations of "Satanic" influences in heavy metal by fundamentalistChristians.One popular contention during that period was that heavy metal albums featuredhidden messages urging listeners to worship the Devil or to commit suicide (see JudasPriest andbackward message and Allegations of Satanism in popular culture).

[edit]

Eurovision

On Eurovision 2006a heavy metal band won the first place, for the first time in thecontest's history. That band isLordi with the song Hard Rock Hallelujah fromFinland.

[edit]

Related styles

Hard rock, mentioned earlier, is closely related to heavy metal (and often the termsoverlap in usage), but it does not always match the description of what puristsconsider the definition of heavy metal. While still guitar-driven in nature and usuallyriff-based, its themes and execution differ from that of the major heavy metal bandslisted earlier in this article. This is perhaps best examplified by The Who in the late-1960s and early-1970s, as well as other 1970s and 1980s bands likeQueen who havehad a large influence on heavy metal music, AC/DC, Aerosmith,KISS,Thin Lizzy,and Scorpions.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicahttp://www.encycmet.com/news/2001-07-29.shtmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headbanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headbanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beavis_and_Butt-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airheadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airheadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Taphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Taphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Taphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_umlauthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_hornshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Simmonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Simmonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occulthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occulthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KISS_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.A.S.P.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.A.S.P.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamentalisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_messagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegations_of_Satanism_in_popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurovision_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurovision_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC/DChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerosmithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KISS_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KISS_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_Lizzyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_Lizzyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scorpions_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicahttp://www.encycmet.com/news/2001-07-29.shtmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headbanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beavis_and_Butt-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airheadshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Taphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_umlauthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_hornshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Simmonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Simmonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occulthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KISS_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.A.S.P.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamentalisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Priesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_messagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegations_of_Satanism_in_popular_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurovision_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC/DChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerosmithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KISS_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_Lizzyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scorpions_(band)


15/62

Glam rock, a short-lived era in the early 1970s, relied on heavy, crunchy guitars,anthemic songs, and a theatrical image. T. Rex,David Bowie, andAlice Cooperareamong the more popular standard examples of this sub-genre.

Some cross-influence has occurred betweenpunk rock, hardcore punkand heavy

metal. Punk rock was influential on theNWOBHMmovement. Another example isMotrhead; the band's leaderLemmy, spent time in punk band The Damned andattempted to teach Sid Vicioushow to play bass guitar.

[edit]

Heavy metal dance

Although some heavy metal fans would disagree with the term "dance," there arecertain body movements that are nearly universal in the metal world, including

headbanging,moshing, and various hand gestures such as devil horns.Stage diving,air guitar, and crowd surfing are also practiced, but crowd surfing and moshing aremost popular today

Psychedelic music

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Psychedelic rock)Jump to: navigation,search

Psychedelic rock

Stylistic origins: British rock,jazz,folk

Cultural origins: Circa 1964,United States

Typical

instruments:

Guitar- Bass - Keyboards -Drums

Music Samples

Green Tambourine - The Lemon Pipers
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._Rex_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bowiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bowiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bowiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Cooperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Cooperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardcore_punkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWOBHMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWOBHMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mot%C3%B6rheadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemmyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Damnedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_Vicioushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_Vicioushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headbanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headbanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_hornshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stage_divinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stage_divinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowd_surfinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Psychedelic_rock&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#column-onehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#column-onehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#searchInputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1964http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumkithttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dc/Green_Tambourine.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glam_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._Rex_(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bowiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Cooperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardcore_punkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWOBHMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mot%C3%B6rheadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemmyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Damnedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_Vicioushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_metal_music&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headbanginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_hornshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stage_divinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowd_surfinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Psychedelic_rock&redirect=nohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#column-onehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#searchInputhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dc/Green_Tambourine.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1964http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumkit


16/62

Mainstream

popularity:

Large in the 1960s, with a smallbut loyal cult following today

Derivative forms: Progressive rock

Subgenres

Acid rock-Stoner rock-Desert rock

For the most concise psychedelic music guide, click this link: Music to show you whyless-popular albums are the most interesting

Psychedelic music is a musical style inspired by or attempting to replicate the mind-

altering experience of drugs such as cannabis,psilocybin,mescaline, and especiallyLSD. Psychedelic music is a misnomer and should properly be called psychedelicrock music, but for the purposes of this article it is not rigorously defined, and issometimes interpreted to include everything fromAcid RockandFlower Powermusicto Hard Rock. There are also other forms of psychedelic music that started from thesame roots and diverged from the prevalent rock style into electronic music. However,an inner core of the psychedelic style of rock that came to public attention in 1967 can

be recognized by characteristic features such as modal melodies; esoteric lyrics oftendescribing dreams, visions, or hallucinations; longer songs and lengthyinstrumentalsolos; and "trippy" electronic effects such as distortion, reverb, and reversed, delayedand/orphased sounds. The album that brought psychedelic rock into pop culture was

The Beatles's Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.

While the first musicians to be influenced by psychedelic drugs were in the jazz andfolk scenes, the first use of the term "psychedelic" in popular music was by the "acid-folk" group The Holy Modal Roundersin 1964. The first use of the word"psychedelic" in a rock music context is usually credited to the 13th Floor Elevators,and the earliest known appearance of this usage of the word in print is in the title oftheir 1966 album The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators. The

psychedelic sound itself had been around at least a year earlier in the live music of theGrateful Deadand Pink Floyd, and Donovan's hitSunshine Superman.

Contents

[hide] 1 History

o 1.1 U.S.A. in the 1960so 1.2 Britain in the 1960so 1.3 The end of the 1960so 1.4 More recent bands (Neo-Psychedelia)

2 See also

3 External links
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_psychedelic_genres&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_rockhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/guides/guide-display/-/3K4PQ8I38DRGC/ref=cm_aya_av.sylt_sylt/103-4916518-1857418http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/guides/guide-display/-/3K4PQ8I38DRGC/ref=cm_aya_av.sylt_sylt/103-4916518-1857418http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mescalinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mescalinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_shiftinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgt._Pepper's_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Modal_Roundershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Modal_Roundershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_Floor_Elevatorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Psychedelic_Sounds_of_the_13th_Floor_Elevatorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grateful_Deadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grateful_Deadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floydhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donovanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunshine_Supermanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunshine_Supermanhttp://toggletoc%28%29/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#U.S.A._in_the_1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Britain_in_the_1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#The_end_of_the_1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#More_recent_bands_.28Neo-Psychedelia.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_psychedelic_genres&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_rockhttp://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/guides/guide-display/-/3K4PQ8I38DRGC/ref=cm_aya_av.sylt_sylt/103-4916518-1857418http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/guides/guide-display/-/3K4PQ8I38DRGC/ref=cm_aya_av.sylt_sylt/103-4916518-1857418http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mescalinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_shiftinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgt._Pepper's_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Modal_Roundershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_Floor_Elevatorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Psychedelic_Sounds_of_the_13th_Floor_Elevatorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grateful_Deadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floydhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donovanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunshine_Supermanhttp://toggletoc%28%29/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#U.S.A._in_the_1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#Britain_in_the_1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#The_end_of_the_1960shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#More_recent_bands_.28Neo-Psychedelia.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#External_links


17/62

[edit]

History

In 1962 British rockembarked on a frenetic race of ideas that spread back to the U.S.with the British Invasion. The folk music scene also experimented with outsideinfluences. In the tradition ofJazzandblues music many musicians began to takedrugs, and include drug references in their songs. In 1965 Bob Dylan was influenced

by The Beatles to bring in electric rock instrumentation in his albumBringing It AllBack Home, but The Byrds beat him to it with a jangling electric hit single version ofa track from the album with hints ofpsychedelia,Mr. Tambourine Man.

[edit]

U.S.A. in the 1960s

Psychedelia began in the United Statesfolk scene, with New York City's Holy ModalRounders introducing the term in 1964. A similar band called Mother McCree'sUptown Jug Champions from San Francisco were influenced by theByrdsand theBeatlesto switch from acoustic music to electric music in 1965. Renamingthemselves the Warlocks, they fell in with Ken Kesey's LSD-fuelledMerry

Pranksters in November 1965, and changed their name to the Grateful Dead thefollowing month. The Dead played to light shows at the Pranksters' "Acid Tests", with

pulsing images being projected over the group in what became a widespread practice.Their sound soon became identified asAcid rockwhich they played at theTrips

Festivalin January 1966 along with Big Brother & the Holding Company. The

festival was held at the Fillmore Auditoriumand was attended by some 10,000people. For most of the attendees, it was their first encounter with both acid-rock andLSD.

Throughout 1966, the San Francisco music scene flourished, as the Fillmore, theAvalon Ballroom, and the Matrix club began booking local rock bands on a nightly

basis. The emerging "San Francisco Sound" made local stars of numerous bands,including the Charlatans,Quicksilver Messenger Service,Country Joe and the Fish,The Great Society, and the folk-rockers Jefferson Airplane, whose debut album wasrecorded during the winter of 1965/66 and released in August 1966.Jefferson

Airplane Takes Offwas the first album to come out of San Francisco during this eraand sold well enough to bring the city's music scene to the attention of the recordindustry. Jefferson Airplane gained greater fame the following year with two of theearliest psychedelic hit singles: "White Rabbit" and "Somebody to Love". In fact,

both these songs had originated with the bandThe Great Society, whose singerGraceSlickleft them to accept an offer to join Jefferson Airplane, taking the twocompositions with her.

While the Grateful Dead were the acknowledged leaders of the San Francisco musicscene in the 1960s by both local concert-goers and rival bands, their records didn't sellas well as those by many of their Bay Area peers. As a result, the Grateful Dead didn't

begin to attain national popularity until around 1969-1970, when their constanttouring gained them a cult following.
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Psychedelic_music&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Invasionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blues_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Dylanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bringing_It_All_Back_Homehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bringing_It_All_Back_Homehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Byrdshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedeliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M

heavy metal1

Documents