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Middle English Phonology Dominik efkHEL (Wed, 15:50-17:25)

Consonants

// / / - missingin ME alpa!e" Addition of phonemic voiced fricatives /v/ // /z/

o factors: infl#$ of %&en' loano&d (%&en' ad a ponemi' di"in'"ion) diale'" mi$"#&e (in ome diale'", f&i'a"i*e e&e *oi'ed in

ini"ial poi"ion) lo of final *oel (and final -n): +E ien ./. &e"ained *oi'in of final o&d *oi'ed o#nd &e#i&e le ene&

changes in distribution

o systemic

lo of ponemi'all lon 'ononan" (+E man *3 mann) .. lo" in 'l#"e& .l., .n., .&. (+E ne''a ME ne'ke) 4llopone 6 of "e poneme .. *o'ali/ed o& !e'ame .. (+E

elan ME olen (allo8)) +E p&efi$ e- a &ed#'ed "o .. (+E en9 ME ino#)

o sporadic

*oi'in of f&i'a"i*e #nde& 'e&"ain 'ondi"ion (p&o&ei*eaimila"ion in pl#&al, "i&d pe&on in#la&)

"e lo of #n"&eed final 'ononan" (+E i' ME i ) implifi'a"ion of 'ononan" 'l#"e&

.. d&opped af"e& .. o& .". (+E il' ME #') .l. lo" in "e *i'ini" of . . (+E mi'el ME m#') .*. lo" !efo&e a 'ononan" o& *oel pl# 'ononan" (+E

lfo&d ME lo&d) .!. lo" af"e& .m. in p&on#n'ia"ion (lam!, 'om!;)

i'

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o!els

"ualitative changes(maBo&i" - #n'aned)

o .. and .:. #n&o#nded "o .. .i:.

o .?. loe&ed "o . .o . . >. :. .e:.o . :. !e'ame . :. o dip"on moo"ed (!e'ame p#&e *oel)

C > Additionof:o . . o&" *oel in #n"&eed poi"ion &ed#'ed "o . . o& . .o . :. . :. . :. o 7 ne dip"on

mo" a&e "e &e#l" of *o'ali/a"ion of 6 B6 *6 !e"een "o

*oel %&en' infl#en'e (a*e # . i. and . i.) .i. and . # . - &a&e

"uantitative changes (mo&e impo&"an" "an "e #ali"a"i*e)

o phonemic length was retained!#" i" impo&"an'e a &ed#'edo lengthening of short vowels

!efo&e 'e&"ain 'ononan" 'l#"e& i,o m! (+E 'lim!an ME 'lm!e(n)) i,# nd (+E &indan ME &nde(n)) *oel ld (+E old ME 9ld)

. . . . . . len"ened in open lla!le (+E a"# ME "e) .. and .. len"ened and loe&ed (+E #d# ME 9de)

o shortening of long vowels

in "&eed 'loed lla!le (+E 9f"e ME of"e) if 2 o& mo&e #n"&eed lla!le folloed, ala o&"ened (+E !&ke

ME !&ekefa")o loss of unstressed vowels F "e #n"&eed final >e a d&opped

d&a"i' 'one#en'e fo& "e infle'"ional "em elimina"ed "e ponoloi'al di"in'"ion !e"een man adBe'"i*e and

ad*e&! (+E dop (deep8) * dope (deepl8) o&iin of "e plainad*e&!8)

Prosody

"&e pa""e&n 'aned li""le maBo& "&e pla'ed on "e &oo" lla!le &ed#'"ion in "e n#m!e& of #n"&eed lla!le a 'o#n"e&!alan'ed ! in'&eaed

n#m!e& of #n"&eed pa&"i'le change in the rhythm from #E $trochaic% to ME$iambic%

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Middle English &raphics

2G le""e& in "e alpa!e" +E ? and d&opped I in"&od#'ed "o &ep&een" .. I ad e*e&al *al#e $6 B6 6 /6 I and iI #ed in"e&'anea!l #I 'ame "o "and fo& .k.

Spelling and punctuation

Jinle le""e& 'ane

o fo& .. (in "e o-'alled minim) ' fo& .. (in"&od#'ed *ia %&en' loano&d) k fo& .k. (!efo&e iI, eI, nI)

Di&ap

o#.o fo& .#:. (e33 o#&) do#!lin of *oel (oI and eI) "o indi'a"e len" fo& .. (+E 'am# ME ame) ' fo& .. (+E 'eap ME 'eap) d(e) fo& .. (+E !&i' ME !&ide) fo& $6 (+E &i" ME &i") fo& *oi'ele .w. # fo& .. (+E l" ME #il")

Koin" "o 'onide&:

13 W doe "e 'ane f&om +E "o ME look o #dden "aff and "a*e > "a*e@3 Ne p&on#n'ia"ion in ModE of o&d #' a li"e&a"#&e3

1=a&le Oa&!e&, Ne Enli Lan#ae: a i"o&i'al in"&od#'"ion (=am!&ide: =am!&ide Pni*e&i" K&e,1QQ5) 1513

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