Heroes: Yesterday and TodayVocabulary

Shining Star, Book A

UNIT 5, Part 1

VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT

p. 181

beliefs

• Nelson Mandela lived by his beliefs. Because of his refusal to abandon these ideas and values, he went to jail.

• ideas and values

deeds

• Mandela is internationally famous because of his brave deeds. He took these actions to help his people.

• actions; things a person does

imprisoned

• Some heroes, such as Mandela, Gandhi, and Joan of Arc, have been imprisoned and have spent years in jail.

• jailed

passive resistance

• Gandhi taught people how to show their objection to something through passive resistance, or nonviolent confrontation.

• non violent confrontation

social justice

• Benito Juarez was interested in social justice, especially the rights of native peoples.

• the rights and equality of people

tolerance

• People all get along better if they have greater tolerance for others. We have to accept other people’s right to be different from us.

• acceptance of other people’s rights to be different

Heroes: Yesterday and Today

pp. 182 - 187

patriot

• a person who is very loyal to his or her country

burned at the stake

• put to death by tying to a post and burning

superintendent

• manager, chief

industrialist

• owner or manager of a factory or industrial company

brutality

• cruelty, viciousness

concentration camps

• places where the Nazis killed Jews and other people in World War II

apartheid

• a system in which different races in a country are separated

inspired

• caused; created

lepers

• people with leprosy, a skin disease

descendants

• grandchildren; great-grandchildren, etc

banned

• made illegal

abolished

• got rid of

circumstances

• events; situations

borders

• official lines that separate two countries

disasters

• horrible events that cause great damage and death

administrators

• people who manage businesses or organizations

nutrition

• nourishment; eating healthful foods

sanitation

• hygiene; cleanliness

atrocities

• extremely violent actions

founders

• people who start organizations or companies

hijackers

• people who illegally take control of an airplane

exploded

• burst into fire and small pieces; blew up