high refractive index glass for oled lightinginimif/teched/eciworkshop/26d... · 2015-01-04 ·...

$: High refractive index glass for OLED lightinginimif/teched/ECIWorkshop/26D... · 2015-01-04 · Lowering factor of efficiency in OLED lighting Only 20% of light from OLED layer can$
Page 1CONFIDENTIAL

○Takashi Murata, Tomoki Yanase, Shinkichi Miwa, Masahiko Ohji and Hiroki Yamazaki

Nippon Electric Glass co., Ltd.

High refractive index glass for OLED lighting

Page 2CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2013 Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd.

Worldwide energy consumption

Worldwide energy consumption shows an upward tendency

Asia, Europe and North America consume over 85% of the total

エネルギー・経済統計要欄

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

Year

Tota

l pr

odu

cti

oon o

f ele

ctr

icity

[TW

h]

25000TWh

35%

25%

24%

2%3%4%

7%

Asia

Europe

North America

Central and SouthAmerica

Middle East

Africa

Oceania


Energy consumption of “lighting”

- “Lighting “ consumes 20% of world wide energy consumption

- Improving the efficiency of lighting device will save world wide

energy consumption

LED及び有機EL照明の現状と中長期的な市場展望

Lighting

Others

～3500TWh

～17000TWh

Lighting

Others

～3500TWh

～17000TWh

2009


Efficiency of lighting device

LED and OLED are candidates for the next generation lighting device.

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2015 2020

kUnit

OLED k Unit

LED k Unit

Other lamp k Unit

Special Appli 光源/証明市場実態・技術・予測2011年番（上巻市場動向編）

OLED

LED

Fluorescent lamp

Metal halide

Incandescent


LED lighting market

LED has been successfully penetrate into commerce facility and

street lamps, but the penetration ratio for home is still low.

10%30%

11%

4%4%

6% 0%

35%

HouseOfficecommerce facilityPlant / Establishment

Other in doorStreet lampOther out doorOther

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

House

Offic

e

com

merc

e fac

ility

Pla

nt

/

Est

ablis

hm

ent

Oth

er

in d

oor

Str

eet

lam

p

Oth

er

out

door

LED

pen

etra

tion(

201

0)

[%] House

Officecommerce facilityPlant / EstablishmentOther in doorStreet lampOther out door

矢野レポート No.1334 矢野経済研究所

Lighting market in Japan 2010

(application / million ¥ ) LED penetration in Japan (2010)


23

77

OLED Panel Assembly / Driver / Mecanical

Challenges for LED

LED requires higher cost for making into luminaire

4258

LED packageAssembly / Driver / Mechanical / Thermal / Optical

EM data service


0

50

100

150

200

250

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Year

lm/W

LED Package efficiencyLED luminaire efficiencyOLED panel efficiency by DOE projectOLED luminaire efficiency by DOE project

Challenges for LED

LED lose 30% of Efficiency for making into luminaireLED package

LED Luminaire

OLED luminaire

OLED package

EM data service

-30%

-10%

fluorescent lamp


Challenges for LED and opportunity for OLED

LED challenges

-Higher cost for making into luminaire(Fixture,diffuser.Flame,heat sync…)

-Area lighting Thicker structure

-Efficiency loss Fixture absorption, driver,

OLED opportunities

-Almost luminaire

-Area lighting

LED’s challenges would be an opportunity for OLED.

Key points for OLED are Efficiency, large size area lighting, thin and

flexible.

OLED Challenges

-Thin / Flexible / Size

-Efficiency


Objective

To suggest the glass product to satisfy the requirement

*for OLED lighting

*Improving efficiency / large area / thin / Flexible / low cost


Lowering factor of efficiency in OLED lighting

Only 20% of light from OLED layer can be extracted due to mismatch

of refractive index

Key issue is mismatch of refractive index between each interface

External Mismatch

Internal Mismatch

OLED nd:1.8

ITO nd:1.8

Cover glass nd:1.5

Counter electrode

air nd:1.0


Approach to reduce refractive index mismatch

Light extraction geometry and index matched glass would be

promising for thin and large area uniform lighting.

External Mismatch Internal Mismatch

-Light extraction geometry

Rough surface (Sandblasted)

lens sheet

-Scattering layer

-Index matched (1.8-2.0) glass

OLED nd:1.8

ITO nd:1.8

Cover glass nd:1.8

Counter electrode


Issue of conventional high refractive index glass (1)

Chemical durability would be deteriorated

Forming process would be limited due to the devitrification

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3

Refractive index

SiO

2 [

wt%

]

Index

matched

rangeLower contents of SiO2 leads to

Unstableness as glass forming process and

lower chemical durablity


Issue of conventional high refractive index glass (2)

It is hard to obtain thin, large and smooth surface with high

productivity

Ingot casting Slicing Grinding Polishing

Typical process of conventional high refractive index glass


What is ideal process?

O/F down draw process is the ideal process for making thin, large

size glass with smooth surface

Over flow down

draw methodSmooth surface

Thin / Flexible Large

High productivity

Page 15. CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2013 Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd.

Feature of O/F down draw process

-Surface roughness of glass is quite small.

-The smooth surface will reduce defect of OLED device

-Smooth surface

Ra: 0.1～0.2nm Ra: 0.8nmO/F down draw Polished surface


2005 3.0m*2.5m 700um 2009 100um thin glass roll (400m)


-Thin and large size glass sheet can be obtained

-Thickness and size

Large Thin (flexible)


Movie

Badly damaged

Movie

Few damaged

Sample 100um,15mm x 200mm

-Flexibility

Fine finish of the edge is crucial for obtaining the flexibility.

Thinner glass show exceptional flexibility.



FPD展

-Flexibility

R2R process can be applied to making OLED device in future

70um Glass roll (W:800mm、L：4m)



What is ideal process?

O/F down draw process is the ideal process for making thin, large

size glass with smooth surface

Over flow down

draw methodSmooth surface

Thin / Flexible Large

High productivity

OK

OK

OKOK

OK


Issues of the glass for O/F down draw process

1.4

1.45

1.5

1.55

1.6

1.65

1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012

Year

Re

fra

ctiv

e i

nd

ex

[-]

For LCD

For Cover glass

Conventional glass for O/F process has been designed for LCD and

cover glass. Refractive index of both of the glass is low (1.52)


The world first high refractive index glass for O/F process

1.4

1.45

1.5

1.55

1.6

1.65

1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012

Year

Re

fra

ctiv

e i

nd

ex

[-]

For LCDFor Cover glassFor OLED

The world first

highest refractive

index glass (Alkaline

free) for O/F down

draw process

1.64

High refractive index glass (1.64), can be produced by O/F down draw

method has been newly developed.


Efficiency of OLED device

Device structure Glass /IZO,100/ND1501,40/NPD,50/Ir(ppy)3+CBP[6%],30/BAlq,10/Alq,30/LiF,0.8/Al,150


Emission of OLED device

Uniform emission has been obtained.

nd:1.52 nd :1.64


Efficiency of OLED device

5

7

9

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

4 6 8 10 12 14

Voltage　/　V

Eff

icie

ncy

　/　

lm/W

1.64glass with film

1.52 glass with film

5

7

9

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

0.0 0.1 1.0 10.0

Current density　/　mA/cm2

Eff

icie

ncy

　/　

lm/W

1.64glass with

film1.52 glass with

OLED device with high refractive index glass shows higher efficiency

10% higher

Device structure Glass /IZO,100/ND1501,40/NPD,50/Ir(ppy)3+CBP[6%],30/BAlq,10/Alq,30/LiF,0.8/Al,150


Impact for worldwide energy consumption

25 TWh of world wide energy consumption will be saved just using

the 1.64 glass as substitution of conventional commercially available

1.52 glass sheet

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Year

Tota

l pro

duct

ioon

of

ele

ctr

icity [

TW

h]

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2015 2020

kUni

t

OLED k Unit

LED k Unit

Other lamp k Unit

25000TWhOLED share 5%

*Rough expectation of saved energy

25000TWh : World wide energy consumption

5000TWh : energy consumption of lighting

250TWh : energy consumption of OLED lighting

25TWh : Saved energy consumption by using new glass


Life time of OLED device

Life time of OLED device T=T0(I0/I)1.6=20000（1/0.9）1.6＝23672h

T0: life time

I0: Driving current (of lower refractive index glass)

I: Driving current of higher refractive index glass

⇒ OLED life time 5.5year (using 1.52glass)

⇒ 6.5 year (using new glass)

⇒ 162TWh of energy will be saved

※Usage time for the device : 3650h / year (10h / day)

Life time of OLED will be longer.

162TWh of energy consumption will be saved in total.


Summary

World first high refractive index glass can be produced by O/F down

draw has been newly developed.

The glass realize…

-Improvement of the efficiency and life time of OLED lighting device

(Huge impact for the world wide energy consumption in the future)

-Thin, flexible, large area OLED device

(Creating the New lighting application)

Page 29

high refractive index glass for oled lightinginimif/teched/eciworkshop/26d... · 2015-01-04 ·...

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