highway deer identification system matthew bonneau tony delouis nathan schoening steve schreiber...

Highway Deer Identification Highway Deer Identification SystemSystem

Matthew BonneauTony DeLouis

Nathan SchoeningSteve Schreiber

May07-11 Team Information:May07-11 Team Information:

ClientMembers Advisor

April 21, 2023April 21, 2023

Senior DesignDr. John W. Lamont

Prof. Ralph E. Patterson III

Dr. Degang Chen

May07-11 Highway Deer Identification SystemApril 21, 2023

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline Introduction Project Overview Project Activities Resources/Schedules Conclusion Demonstration Questions


List of DefinitionsList of Definitions Days of Autonomy

The number of days a standalone system runs without power input

Geophone Device that converts seismic vibrations into alternating

current IR

Infrared PV

Photovoltaic (solar electric)


Problem StatementProblem Statement Deer Vehicle Collisions

Dangerous Costly Potential for mitigation

Active Detection and Warning Sense the presence of

deer on/near road Warns motorists only

when hazard exists


Operating EnvironmentOperating Environment Environment

Primarily Rural Highway -10 to 100°C 0 to 100% Relative

Humidity Precipitation

Hazards Plows Mowing Utility/Road Maintenance


Intended Users and UsesIntended Users and Uses

Intended UsersMotorists Installation/Maintenance Personnel

Intended UsesWarn Motorists to Hazard On/Near Roadway


Assumptions and LimitationsAssumptions and Limitations Assumptions

Deer are not the only hazard Minimal spurious warningsNeeds to be more cost-effective than best

alternative Limitations

Minimal maintenancePotentially harsh operating environmentFunction without electric grid


End Product and DeliverablesEnd Product and Deliverables

Detailed design for geophone-based deer detection systemComponent specificationsCircuit diagramsWiring diagramsDesign for appropriate photovoltaic systemPrototype of detection/warning circuit


Present AccomplishmentsPresent Accomplishments

Accomplishments:Designed the photovoltaic systemDesigned the detection/warning hardwareOperationally tested the detection/warning

hardwareFunctionally tested entire system


Approaches ConsideredApproaches Considered

Laser-“Break the Beam” Can’t track deer across road

IR Motion Similar to home security system Can’t discriminate

IR Optical Recognition Expensive equipment Required sophisticated processing


Approach UsedApproach Used Geophone-based sensing

Detect vibrations in the ground

Signal conditioning Amplification Filtering

Peak detectionLED Warning signsPhotovoltaic power supply


Project DefinitionProject Definition

Automated system to warn approaching vehicles that deer are near the highway

System to protect one mile of highway Efficient and cost-effective Continue warning until deer have left road

area Ignore crossroads and driveways Standalone power supply


ResearchResearch

Existing Systems What technologies

exist? Which work best?

Geophones Signal strength? Seismic

frequencies?


ResearchResearch

JASON D. WOOD, CAITLIN E. O'CONNELL-RODWELL, SIMON L. KLEMPERER (2005). Using seismic sensors to detect elephants and other large mammals: a potential census technique. Journal of Applied Ecology. 42 (3), 587–594.


DesignDesign Photovoltaic System

Provide standalone power

Geophones Detect vibrations Deer: ≈25 Hz

Signal Conditioning Amplification Filtering

Detection/Warning Peak detection Flashing LEDs


DesignDesign

Photovoltaic System12VDC Output3 Days of

Autonomy

PhotovoltaicPanel

ChargeController

Battery

85 Watts

12V Deep cycle75 Amp-hours

15 Amps


DesignDesign

Signal Conditioning


DesignDesign

Detection and Warning

Signal Conditioning

High-Intensity LEDs

Comparator Timer


ImplementationImplementation

3 dB @ 29 Hz

Low-Pass Passive Filter

Filtering and Amplification

BufferHigh-Pass Passive Filter

3 dB @ 0.079 Hz

Low-Pass Active Filter

3 dB @ 50 Hz2-Stage 300x Gain


ImplementationImplementation

Detection and WarningConsidered using microcontrollerTeam lacked programming experienceOpted for analog peak detection


TestingTesting

Verified: High-pass filtering 300x amplification Edge detection DC Filter Geophone

Issues Revealed: Lack of selectivity Range vs. sensitivity


ResourcesResources

Personnel Efforts Other Resources


ResourcesResources

Financial Resources


ScheduleSchedule


Project EvaluationProject Evaluation

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Subsystem Motorist

Warning

Signal Conditioning

Photovoltaic


Project EvaluationProject Evaluation


CommercializationCommercialization Has Potential for Commercialization

Some systems are patented Cost to Consumers

$18,000 per mile Both sides of road 200 geophones 40% margin Excluding installation

Questions Remain Do these systems reduce number/severity of deer-

vehicle collisions? Iowa DOT cut funding of similar system


Recommendations for Recommendations for Additional WorkAdditional Work Validation

Does warning drivers reduce accident frequency? Long-term roadside testing

Additional Functionality Data Logging:

Number of deer in given area System activity vs. driver speed

Diagnostics Microcontroller-based detection


Lessons LearnedLessons Learned It’s easy to over-research/analyze and

put off making key decisions

Check your batteries

Take no action unless you know that it will take you closer to your desired outcome


Risk ManagementRisk Management

RiskDelay in acquiring geophoneDesign detection circuit without having sensor

Risk ManagementAdjustable gains and thresholdsKept filter stages flexible


Closing SummaryClosing Summary

Deer-vehicle collisionsCause millions of dollars worth of damageCause injuries and fatalities

Active warning systemsHave potential to reduce costs and injuriesAre technically feasibleEffectiveness is still unknown


Questions?Questions?

highway deer identification system matthew bonneau tony delouis nathan schoening steve schreiber...

Documents

presence of deer onnear

beamcant track deer

seismic vibrations

power inputgeophonedevice

standalone system

seismic frequencies

seismic sensors

mitigationactive detection