Dr. M. Shifa Pallie

Historical development of

Dravyaguna Vignana

Content I. Ayurveda Avatharanaya (Origin of

Ayurveda)II. Where does Dravyaguna Vignana come

under Ashtanga Ayurveda?III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana IV. Branches of Dravyaguna Vignana V. Historical Development of DGVVI. Materia MedicaVII. Evolution of Dravyaguna Vignana

I. Ayurveda Avatharanaya (Origin of Ayurveda)

Maha Brahma

Daksha Prajapathi

Princes Ashvini

IndraDeva

Bharadvaja

Athreya , Dhanvantari, ….

Agnivesha Sushruta

Charaka

Ashtanga Ayurveda Ashtanga Ayurveda

Lord Dhanvanthari the God of Hindu Medicine

II. Where does Dravyaguna Vignana come under Ashtanga Ayurveda?

1. Shalya (Surgery)2. Shalakya (ENT)3. Kaya chikitsa (Medicine)4. Bhuta Vidya (Psychology)5. Kaumarabhrutya (Pediatrics)6. Agada Tantra (Toxicology)7. Rasayana Tantra (Rejuvenation therapy)8. Vajikarana Tantra (Aphrodisiac therapy)

III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana?

Dravyaguna Vignana is the Science which deals with Drugs (Dravya), their properties(guna) and actions (Karma).

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;oa øjHhï"Yatrashrita Karmagunan karanam samavai yath thath Dravyam.

III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana?(Cont’d)

Yatrashrita Karmagunan karanam samavai yath thath Dravyam.(Charaka sutra 1/51)The one which is a substratum of the qualities

and actions and which is a concomitant/related cause is the matter.

III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana?(Cont’d)

Dravya (Drug)/ Guna (Property) Karma (Action)Asamodagam Depresses spasm of

the intestinesReduces spasm of the intestines/stomach pain

Kohomba/Margosa Antimicrobial Kills germs

Garlic Remove excessive cholesterol

Reduces cholesterol levels in the blood

IV. Branches of Dravyaguna Vignana

• Various names and synonyms of drugs • Morphological characters

Pharmacognosy (Nama Rupa

Vignana)

• Properties of drugs (guna)• Actions of drugs (karma)

Pharmacology (Guna Karma Vignana)

• Uses of drugs in various diseases, doses & Anupana

• Pathyapathya

Theraputics (Prayoga Vignana)

Pharmacy (Bhaisajjya Kalpana)

• Collection and storage of drugs• Drug manufacturing

V. Historical Development of DGV• From the total preoccupation with survival and complete dependence on natural elements of the primitive man, down through the ages of progressive freedom from such preoccupations, man's needs have expanded to matters more sublime such as religion, art and music.

•Thus, civilization was born. Like other records, early history of medicine is unclear. However, eight species of medicinal plants including Ephedra were found buried beside a man in a cave found in Iraq that has been dated back to the Neanderthal age 60 000 years ago, providing early evidence of the use of medicinal plants.

V. Historical Development of DGV (Cont’d)

• The prehistoric discovery that certain plants cause harm and others have curative powers is the origin of the healing professions and its practitioners (priest, physician, and apothecary), as well as professions devoted to plants (botany and horticulture).

Saint Thomas Aquinas, Catholic theologian and philosopherHippocrates

V. Historical Development of DGV (Cont’d)

• All civilization had their own traditional system of medicine.

- Chinese Traditional Medicine: Pan Tsao – 2735 BC- Ayurveda Medicinal System: India-2500 BC- Eber’s papyrus: recorded Egyptian medicines- eg. Castor oil, opium, pomegranate bark

V. Historical Development of DGV (Cont’d)

• Ancient knowledge about the drugs

Chinese – 265People in Babylon – 300Persian – 584Egyptians – 700Avicenna – 760India – 1000

VI. Materia Medica• It is a Latin medical term• M.M is the body of collected knowledge about

the therapeutic properties of any substance used for healing

• Term was used from the period of Roman empire – 20th century• At Present – PHARMACOLOGY

The materia medica – 15th century

The Materia medica-12-13th century

Page from the 6th century Vienna Dioscurides, an illuminated version of the 1st century De Materia Medica

VI. Materia Medica (Cont’d)

VII. Evolution of Dravyaguna Vignana

Evolution of DVG can be explained under 3 topics. They are –

1.According to time2.Literary Development3.Drug Classification

• Wealth of the materia medica of a nation is the indication of its degree of civilization

• Civilization Adoptive stage

Adaptive stage

Creative stage

1.According to time

•Used drugs as it is in natureADOPTIVE STAGE

•Preparation of drug according to environment and ones own taste

ADAPTIVE STAGE

•Innovation and Development of new drugs

CREATIVE STAGE

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