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TRANSCRIPT
General Certificate of Secondary Education
2010
History
Paper 1Foundation Tier
[G4601]
WEDNESDAY 2 JUNE, MORNING
5342
For Examiner’s use only
Question Number
Marks
Section A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Section B
10
11
12
13
14
15
Total Marks
Centre Number
71
Candidate Number
TIME
2 hours.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces
provided at the top of this page.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.
Answer four questions.
Answer two questions from your chosen subject area in Section A.
Answer two questions from your chosen subject area in Section B.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The total mark for this paper is 100.
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Part (c) of all
questions.
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate
the marks awarded to each question or part question.
25342
Answer four questions only.
Section A
Answer two questions from your chosen subject area.
CONTENTS pages
Chosen Subject Area – Germany Pages 3–14
1 Germany – The Weimar Republic 3–6
2 Germany – Nazi Germany 7–10
3 Germany – Nazi policy towards Europe 11–14
Chosen Subject Area – Russia Pages 15–26
4 Russia – The Downfall of Tsarism and the 1917 Revolutions 15–18
5 Russia – Russia after the Revolution 19–22
6 Russia – Stalinist Russia 23–26
Chosen Subject Area – USA Pages 27–38
7 USA – 1920s America 27–30
8 USA – 1929 Wall Street Crash and the Depression 31–34
9 USA – Roosevelt and the New Deal 35–38
Section B
Answer two questions from your chosen subject area.
Chosen Subject Area – Peace, War and Neutrality Pages 39–50
10 Peace, War and Neutrality – Anglo-Irish Relationships before World War Two 39–42
11 Peace, War and Neutrality – Experience of and Response to War 43–46
12 Peace, War and Neutrality – Post-War Relationships 47–50
Chosen Subject Area – Changing Relationships Pages 51–62
13 Changing Relationships – Northern Ireland in the 1960s 51–54
14 Changing Relationships – Prelude to Direct Rule 55–58
15 Changing Relationships – The Search for a Solution 59–62
3 [Turn over5342
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Section A
Answer two questions from your chosen subject.
Either A1 Germany c1918–c1941 page 3 to page 14
Or A2 Russia c1916–c1941 page 15 to page 26
Or A3 United States of America c1918–c1941 page 27 to page 38.
A1: Germany c1918–c1941.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
1 This question is about the Weimar Republic.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with the Weimar Republic.
Friedrich
EbertErnst Röhm
General von
SchleicherAdolf Hitler
Walter
Rathenau
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
(i) Germany’s Foreign Minister Walter Rathenau assassinated in 1922 ______________________
(ii) Chancellor of Germany before
Hitler ______________________ [1]
(iii) First President of the Weimar
Republic ______________________ [1]
(iv) Author of Mein Kampf ______________________ [1]
(v) Leader of the SA ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why many Germans were opposed to the Weimar
Republic.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two ways in which groups in Germany showed their
opposition to the Weimar Republic between 1919 and 1923.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Hyperinflation Crisis of 1923;
Or The Weimar Republic, 1924–1933.
Either
The Hyperinflation Crisis of 1923
(i) Why did France and Belgium invade the Ruhr in 1923?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How were the lives of German people affected by the
hyperinflation crisis of 1923?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
The Weimar Republic, 1924–1933
(i) Why did life get better for many Germans between 1924 and 1928?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How were each of the following affected by the Great Depression
between 1929 and 1933?
� The German people
� The Weimar governments
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
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2 This question is about Nazi Germany.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with Nazi Germany.
SSReichstag
Fire
Martin
NiemöllerRobert Ley
Concentration
Camps
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
(i) Leader of the German Labour Robert Ley Front ______________________
(ii) Leader of the Confessional Church ______________________ [1]
(iii) Places where enemies of the Nazis
were sent ______________________ [1]
(iv) Group led by Himmler ______________________ [1]
(v) Event in 1933 which was blamed
on communists ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why unemployment in Germany fell between
1933 and 1939.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two ways in which the Nazis tried to control the lives of
women in Germany between 1933 and 1939.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Jews in Germany, 1933–1939;
Or Hitler’s control over Germany, 1933–1939.
Either
Jews in Germany, 1933–1939
(i) Why did Hitler and the Nazis hate the Jews?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
9 [Turn over5342
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(ii) In what ways did the lives of Jews in Germany change between
1933 and 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Hitler’s control over Germany, 1933–1939
(i) Why did Hitler order the Night of the Long Knives in 1934?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the Nazis use the following to increase their control over
Germany between 1933 and 1939?
� Propaganda
� Violence
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
11 [Turn over5342
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3 This question is about Nazi policy towards Europe.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with German foreign policy.
Mussolini Russia Luftwaffe Blitzkrieg Four-Year Plan
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
Four-Year Plan (i) 1936 plan to prepare Germany
for war ______________________
(ii) Italian leader in the 1930s ______________________ [1]
(iii) Nazi method of taking over
countries in World War Two ______________________ [1]
(iv) Name of German air force ______________________ [1]
(v) Country led by Joseph Stalin ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why Hitler invaded Poland in 1939.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Give two reasons why Hitler invaded the USSR in 1941.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2] 2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either German military strength, 1933–1936; Or Sudetenland and Czechoslovakia.
Either German military strength, 1933–1936
(i) Why was Hitler able to remilitarise the Rhineland in 1936?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did Hitler increase the strength of Germany’s armed forces
between 1933 and 1935?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Sudetenland and Czechoslovakia
(i) Why did Hitler want to take over each of the following?
� The Sudetenland
� The rest of Czechoslovakia
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How were the Nazis able to take over each of the following?
� The Sudetenland, 1938
� The rest of Czechoslovakia, 1939
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section A1
Germany c1918–c1941
15 [Turn over5342
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A2: Russia c1916–c1941.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
4 This question is about the Downfall of Tsarism and the 1917
Revolutions.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with events in Russia in 1917.
Kornilov Prince Lvov Kerensky KhabalevPutilov steel
works
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
(i) Led the Tsar’s garrison in Khabalev Petrograd in February 1917 ______________________
(ii) Leader of the Provisional
Government from July to
October 1917 ______________________ [1]
(iii) Workers from this factory
played an important part in
the February Revolution ______________________ [1]
(iv) Appointed head of the Russian
army in July 1917 ______________________ [1]
(v) Leader of the Provisional
Government from February to
July 1917 ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why Tsarina Alexandra was unpopular in Russia
by 1916.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Give two reasons for the unpopularity of Rasputin in Russia by 1916.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Russia and World War One;
Or The Provisional Government and the October Revolution.
Either
Russia and World War One
(i) Why was the Russian army defeated in World War One?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
17 [Turn over5342
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(ii) How were the lives of each of the following affected by World War One?
� Workers � Peasants
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
The Provisional Government and the October Revolution
(i) Why did the Provisional Government lose support in Russia in 1917?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) What actions did Lenin and the Bolsheviks take to gain control of
Russia in October 1917?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
19 [Turn over5342
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5 This question is about Russia after the Revolution.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with events in Russia in 1918.
Trotsky Britain PolandTsar
Nicholas IIGermany
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
(i) Country where the Treaty of Poland Brest-Litovsk was signed ______________________
(ii) Murdered by the Bolsheviks in
July 1918 ______________________ [1]
(iii) Country with which Russia signed
the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ______________________ [1]
(iv) Country that sent soldiers to Russia
to fight against the Bolsheviks in
the Civil War ______________________ [1]
(v) Bolshevik leader who played a
leading role in signing the Treaty
of Brest-Litovsk ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why Lenin closed the Constituent Assembly in January 1918.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two weaknesses of the White Army in the Civil War.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Civil War; Or War Communism and the New Economic Policy.
Either The Civil War
(i) Why was each of the following introduced in Russia during the Civil War?
� The Red Terror � War Communism
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
21 [Turn over5342
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(ii) What were the effects of each of the following on the people of
Russia during the Civil War?
� The Red Terror � War Communism
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
War Communism and the New Economic Policy
(i) Why was War Communism ended by Lenin in March 1921?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the New Economic Policy affect the lives of people in
Russia by 1924?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
23 [Turn over5342
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6 This question is about Stalinist Russia.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the policy of Collectivisation.
Kulak UkraineState
Procurements
Motor Tractor
StationKolkhoz
Following the example below, match each term to the correct
description:
(i) Surplus grain that the peasants State Procurements had to give to the government ______________________
(ii) Name for a collective farm ______________________ [1]
(iii) Name of better-off peasant who
suffered during Collectivisation ______________________ [1]
(iv) Area of Russia that experienced
a severe famine, 1932–1933 ______________________ [1]
(v) Organisation to provide machinery
to collective farms ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why Stalin signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact in
August 1939.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two effects of the Nazi-Soviet Pact on Stalin and the
USSR.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Stalin’s Economic Policies;
Or Stalin’s Rise to Power and Methods of Control.
Either
Stalin’s Economic Policies
(i) Why did Stalin introduce the Five-Year Plan in the USSR in 1928?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
25 [Turn over5342
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(ii) How did the Five-Year Plans change industry and the lives of
workers in the USSR by 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Stalin’s Rise to Power and Methods of Control
(i) Why was Stalin able to become leader of the USSR by 1929?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) What methods did Stalin use to increase control over the USSR in
the 1930s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section A2
Russia c1916–c1941
27 [Turn over5342
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A3: United States of America c1918–c1941.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
7 This question is about the main features of life in 1920s America.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the growth of industry in the
USA in the 1920s.
Henry FordConsumer
GoodsDetroit
Assembly
LineTin Lizzie
Following the example below, match each term to the correct
description:
(i) Name for the most popular car Tin Lizzie produced in the 1920s ______________________
(ii) Industrialist who developed the
motor car industry in the1920s ______________________ [1]
(iii) New method to speed up
production of motor cars ______________________ [1]
(iv) City which became the centre
of the motor car industry ______________________ [1]
(v) Name given to labour-saving goods
which were developed in the 1920s ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why the USA followed a policy of Isolationism in
the 1920s.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two problems faced by Black Americans in the 1920s.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Immigration and Prohibition;
Or The Economic Boom and Social Life in the 1920s.
Either
Immigration and Prohibition
(i) Why did immigrants face hostility in the USA in the 1920s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
29 [Turn over5342
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(ii) How did Prohibition affect life in the USA in the 1920s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
The Economic Boom and Social Life in the 1920s
(i) Why did some groups in the USA fail to benefit from the economic
boom in the 1920s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the cinema and jazz music influence lifestyle in the USA
in the 1920s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
31 [Turn over5342
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8 This question is about the 1929 Wall Street Crash and the Depression.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the Wall Street Crash.
On the Margin New YorkStock
brokersSpeculator Confidence
Following the example below, match each term to the correct
description:
(i) Person who bought shares for a Speculator quick profit ______________________
(ii) City where the American Stock
Exchange was situated ______________________ [1]
(iii) Dealers who bought and sold
shares for investors ______________________ [1]
(iv) Belief that the value of shares
and economic prosperity would
continue to increase ______________________ [1]
(v) Method of buying shares by paying
a 10% deposit ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why many American banks collapsed after October 1929.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two ways in which the lives of farmers and sharecroppers were affected by the Depression.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Causes of the Depression and Hoover’s Actions; Or Hoover’s Defeat and Effects of the Depression.
Either
Causes of the Depression and Hoover’s Actions
(i) Why did an economic depression take place in the USA between 1929 and 1932?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
33 [Turn over5342
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(ii) How did President Hoover deal with the effects of the Depression
on industry and agriculture between 1929 and 1932?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Hoover’s Defeat and Effects of the Depression
(i) Why was Hoover defeated in the election for President in 1932?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the Depression affect the lives of workers and the
unemployed between 1929 and 1932?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
35 [Turn over5342
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9 This question is about Roosevelt and the New Deal.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the New Deal.
Beer ActEmergency
Banking Act
The Hundred
Days
Relief,
Recovery
and Reform
Action and
Action Now
Following the example below, match each term to the correct
description:
(i) The guiding principles of Relief, Recovery and Reform the New Deal _________________________
(ii) The name given to the emergency
measures taken by President
Roosevelt in 1933 ______________________ [1]
(iii) The end of Prohibition ______________________ [1]
(iv) Method of restoring people’s
confidence in the banking system ______________________ [1]
(v) Slogan used by Roosevelt to show
that he intended to end the
Depression ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why Dr Townsend opposed the New Deal.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two actions resulting from the New Deal which improved the rights of workers in the USA.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Opposition to the New Deal and the New Deal and Unemployment;
Or Opposition to the New Deal and the New Deal and Agriculture.
Either
Opposition to the New Deal and the New Deal and Unemployment
(i) Why did Big Business and the Republican Party oppose the New Deal?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
37 [Turn over5342
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(ii) How did the New Deal agencies deal with the problem of
unemployment in the USA between 1933 and 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Opposition to the New Deal and the New Deal and Agriculture
(i) Explain why the Supreme Court caused problems for Roosevelt
and the New Deal.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) In what ways did the New Deal agencies improve agriculture and
the lives of farmers between 1933 and 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section A3
United States of America c1918–c1941
End of Section A
39 [Turn over5342
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Section B
Answer two questions from your chosen subject.
Either B1 Peace, War and Neutrality: Britain, Northern Ireland and Ireland
and the Second World War c1932–c1949 page 39 to page 50
Or B2 Changing Relationships: Britain, Northern Ireland and Ireland
c1965–c1985 page 51 to page 62.
B1: Peace, War and Neutrality: Britain, Northern Ireland and Ireland and
the Second World War c1932–c1949.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
10 This question is about Anglo-Irish Relationships before World War Two.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the 1937 Constitution.
Douglas
Hyde
The Catholic
ChurchTaoiseach Referendum Dail Eireann
Following the example below, match each term to the correct description:
(i) Name of the first President of Douglas Hyde Eire ______________________
(ii) Leader of the government of Eire ______________________ [1]
(iii) Vote by people in Eire to approve
the 1937 Constitution ______________________ [1]
(iv) Name of the Irish Parliament ______________________ [1]
(v) Organisation given special recognition in Eire in the
1937 Constitution ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason for the Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1938.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two terms of the Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1938.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Economic War;
Or The Outbreak of War, 1939.
Either
The Economic War
(i) Explain why the Economic War began in 1932.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
41 [Turn over5342
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(ii) How did the Economic War affect the economy and lives of people
in Eire between 1932 and 1938?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
The Outbreak of War, 1939
(i) Why did Eire adopt a policy of neutrality at the outbreak of World
War Two?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did Britain abandon appeasement and prepare for the
outbreak of war in September 1939?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
43 [Turn over5342
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Marks Remark
11 This question is about the Experience of and Response to War.
(a) Below is a list of terms associated with the war effort in Britain and
Northern Ireland.
RationingAnderson
SheltersEvacuation
Air-Raid
Precaution
Wardens
Smuggling
Following the example below, match each term to the correct
description:
Air-Raid Precaution (i) People who enforced defence Wardens measures ______________________
(ii) Bringing in food and fuel illegally
from Eire during the war ______________________ [1]
(iii) A way of dividing scarce resources,
for example, food ______________________ [1]
(iv) Bunkers to protect civilians against
German bombs ______________________ [1]
(v) Moving children from cities to
safer places in the countryside ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why conscription was not introduced in Northern
Ireland during World War Two.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two ways in which industry in Northern Ireland helped
Britain’s war effort.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Blitz; Or Battle of Britain and Eire’s Neutrality.
Either
The Blitz
(i) Why did the German air force bomb Belfast in April and May 1941?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
45 [Turn over5342
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(ii) How did the Blitz of April and May 1941 affect Belfast?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Battle of Britain and Eire’s Neutrality
(i) Why did Britain win the Battle of Britain in 1940?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did Eire try to follow a policy of neutrality during World War
Two?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
47 [Turn over5342
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Marks Remark
12 This question is about Post-War Relationships.
(a) Below are the names of important politicians in Britain and Eire after
1945.
John
Costello
Lord
Beveridge
Eamon De
Valera
Clement
Atlee
Lord
Brookeborough
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
John Costello (i) Taoiseach of Eire in 1949 ______________________
(ii) British Prime Minister who
introduced the Welfare State ______________________ [1]
(iii) Taoiseach of Eire until 1948 ______________________ [1]
(iv) Prime Minister of Northern
Ireland after 1945 ______________________ [1]
(v) His report led to the creation of
the Welfare State ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason for the poor standard of housing in Northern Ireland in 1945.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two changes made to the system of education in Northern Ireland after 1945.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either The Welfare State; Or Constitutional Changes in 1949.
Either
The Welfare State
(i) Why did people in Northern Ireland have differing views about the introduction of the Welfare State?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
49 [Turn over5342
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(ii) What effects did the Welfare State have on the lives of people in
Northern Ireland by 1949?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Constitutional Changes in 1949
(i) Why was each of the following introduced in 1949?
� The Declaration of the Republic � The Ireland Act
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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(ii) How did the Declaration of the Republic and the Ireland Act, 1949
change relations between each of the following?
� Britain and the Republic of Ireland
� Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
� Britain and Northern Ireland
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section B1
Peace, War and Neutrality c1932–c1949
51 [Turn over5342
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Marks Remark
B2: Changing Relationships: Britain, Northern Ireland
and Ireland c1965–c1985.
Answer any two questions.
You should spend about 30 minutes on each question.
13 This is a question about Northern Ireland in the 1960s.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with events in Northern Ireland in
the 1960s.
Five-Point
Programme
Sean
Lemass
Ministry of
DevelopmentRUC
Brian
Faulkner
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
(i) Set up to improve the economy Ministry of Development of Northern Ireland ______________________
(ii) Police force in Northern Ireland ______________________ [1]
(iii) This aimed to help nationalists
in Northern Ireland ______________________ [1]
(iv) A unionist politician ______________________ [1]
(v) Irish leader who visited
Northern Ireland ______________________ [1]
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(b) (i) Give one reason why the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association
was formed in 1967.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two occasions when trouble broke out during civil rights marches in the 1960s.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either O’Neill and the Economy of Northern Ireland; Or Unionist Opposition to O’Neill.
Either
O’Neill and the Economy of Northern Ireland
(i) Why did O’Neill want to improve the economy in Northern Ireland in the 1960s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
53 [Turn over5342
Examiner Only
Marks Remark
(ii) How did O’Neill attempt to improve the economy of Northern
Ireland in the 1960s?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Unionist Opposition to O’Neill
(i) Why did many unionists oppose O’Neill and his policies?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
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Marks Remark
(ii) In what ways did many unionists show their opposition to O’Neill
and his policies?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
55 [Turn over5342
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Marks Remark
14 This question is about the Prelude to Direct Rule.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with events in Northern Ireland
between 1969 and 1972.
SDLPOliver
NapierStormont
Provisional
IRABogside
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
Oliver Napier (i) Leader of the Alliance Party ______________________
(ii) This group was formed in 1970 ______________________ [1]
(iii) Place where violence broke out
in the summer of 1969 ______________________ [1]
(iv) Nationalist political party set up
in 1970 ______________________ [1]
(v) Place where the Northern
Ireland government met ______________________ [1]
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Examiner Only
Marks Remark
(b) (i) Give one reason for the formation of the Democratic Unionist
Party in 1971.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two effects of Bloody Sunday, 30th January 1972.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Internment;
Or The Increasing Violence of 1969 and Britain’s Response.
Either
Internment
(i) Why was internment introduced in Northern Ireland in 1971?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
57 [Turn over5342
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Marks Remark
(ii) How did each of the following respond to the introduction of
internment?
� Nationalists � Unionists
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
585342
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Marks Remark
Or
The Increasing Violence of 1969 and Britain’s Response
(i) Why did many nationalists in Northern Ireland welcome the following in the summer of 1969?
� The arrival of British troops in Northern Ireland � The Downing Street Declaration
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
(ii) In what ways did violence increase in Northern Ireland in the summer of 1969?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
59 [Turn over5342
Examiner Only
Marks Remark
15 This question is about the Search for a Solution.
(a) Below is a list of names associated with the search for a solution.
Edward
Heath
New Ireland
Forum
Bobby
SandsSDLP Sunningdale
Following the example below, match each name to the correct
description:
New Ireland Forum (i) An attempt to solve political
problems in Northern Ireland ______________________
(ii) Place where politicians met to
set up a Power-Sharing Executive ______________________ [1]
(iii) British Prime Minister who
suspended the Stormont
government ______________________ [1]
(iv) Leader of the 1981 Hunger Strike ______________________ [1]
(v) Nationalist party which supported
the Anglo-Irish Agreement ______________________ [1]
605342
Examiner Only
Marks Remark
(b) (i) Give one reason why republican prisoners went on hunger strike in 1980 and 1981.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(ii) Describe two actions taken by nationalists to support the Hunger Strike of 1981.
1. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
2. ___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [2]
(c) Choose one of the following:
Either Unionists and the Anglo-Irish Agreement; Or Power-sharing, 1973–1974.
Either
Unionists and the Anglo-Irish Agreement.
(i) Why did many unionists oppose the Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1985?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
61 [Turn over5342
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Marks Remark
(ii) In what ways did unionists oppose the Anglo-Irish Agreement of
1985?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
Or
Power-sharing, 1973–1974
(i) Why was power-sharing introduced to Northern Ireland?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [6]
625342
Examiner Only
Marks Remark
(ii) How did unionists react to the Power-Sharing Executive set up in
1974?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ [9]
End of Section B2
Changing Relationships c1965–c1985
End of Section B
THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
5342