Timeline of

Philippine

Educational

System

Prepared by:

Kim B. Aclera

John Michael A. Guerzon

Rochelle C. Challoy

Angelyn M. Cruz

Jairah Abigail D. Gaela

Melissa S. Rosales

Juvie Ann A. Vega

Pre-Spanish Present Period

Spanish Period

American Period

Timeline of Philippine Educational System

NativeSpanish Colonization American Colonization 2013

Today

DemocracyRevolutionSurvival

Japanese Period

Commonwealth Period

New Society Kto12

Present Period (1986-Present)

Aim

promote national

development and values

education

Key Programs

NESC

New Elementary School Curriculum

NSEC

New Secondary Education

Curriculum

Key Programs

Formal Education

Pre-primary Level (nursery, kindergarten,

preparatory)

Six years of Primary Education

Four years of Secondary Education

College Education

Graduate Schools

President Corazon C. AquinoAdult Education

Program

Non-formal Education

President Corazon C. Aquino

Technical and Vocational Education

Physical Education and Sports School

Scholarships and Incentives

Free Public Education

President Corazon C. Aquino

ESCS

Educational Services Contracting

Scheme

SEDP

Secondary Education

Development Program

President Fidel V. Ramos

o Early Childhood Care and

Development

o Book Publishing Industry is introduced

President Fidel V. Ramos

TEEP

Third Elementary Education Program

NEAT and NSAT

o National Elementary and Secondary Achievement Test

PROBE

Program for Basic Education

President Fidel V. Ramos

Ten-Year Master Plan for Basic Education

(1996-2005)

modernizing education

computer education and ICT program

teacher training

President Gloria M. Arroyo

TSD-MCP

Thinking Skills Development for Maximized

Cognitive Development

CFSS

Child Friendly School System

ECARP

Every Child A Reader Program

President Gloria M. Arroyo

Teacher Training Program

President Gloria M. Arroyo

Brigada Eskwela

President Gloria M. Arroyo

Adopt-A-School

Program

School-First Initiative

School-Based

Management

President Benigno C. Aquino

KEY PROGRAM

Kto12 Curriculum

Back

The Spiral Progression

Approach in the K to 12

Curriculum

BASIS“We begin with the hypothesis that any subject

can be taught in some intellectually honest form to

any child at any stage of development”

- Jerome Bruner (1960)

The Process of Education

pg 33

Bruner hypothesized that human

cognition occurred in three

relatively discreet stages

BASIC characteristicsThe student revisits a topic, theme or subject several

times throughout their school career.

The complexity of the topic or theme increases with

each revisit.

New learning has a relationship with old learning and is

put in context with the old information.

PromiseThe information is reinforced and solidified each

time the student revisits the subject matter.

The spiral curriculum also allows a logical

progression from simplistic ideas to complicated

ideas.

Students are encouraged to apply the early

knowledge to later course objectives.

National Issue about Science Concept Mastery Low performance in

NAT (National

Achievement Test)

(Philippines, DepEd

2012)Students in

Science subject

perform the

lowest.

National Issue on Concept

MasteryTIMMS report indicates in

their study that Filipinos

have low performance.

(Tan, CEAP National

Convention 2012)

As compared to other

countries, range of mean

score difference is from 13-16

only, which is significantly low.

National Issue on Concept

MasteryTIMMS report made by UP

NISMED about micro-

analysis on different

concept domains.

(Tan, CEAP National

Convention 2012)As compared to other

domains, the percentage of

the results indicate that “no

mastery” is extremely high

under Life Sciences.

National Issue on Concept

MasteryUP NISMED report about

Scientific Literacy on Grade

8 and 4th Year students in

the Philippines

(Tan, CEAP National

Convention 2012)Nominal and Functional

Domain (which are important

Scientific Literacy domains)

has very low percentages

Local Issue on Concept MasteryLow performance in

NAT (National

Achievement Test)

(Philippines, DepEd

2012)Cordillera Administrative

Region is at the bottom three.

Even in the past assessments,

in the years 2004-2005, 2005-

2006 and 2011-2012.

Local Issue on Concept MasteryLow performance in

NAT (National

Achievement Test)

(Philippines, DepEd

2012)In CAR, there is a higher

number of students under “low

achievement” as compared

to “moving towards mastery”.

Local Issue on Concept MasteryLow performance in

NAT (National

Achievement Test)

(Philippines, DepEd

2012)In cluster 3, CAR is second

to the last in the rank,

where Science is very

low and it affects too

much in the leverage.

OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF THE SCHEME

A. Advantages and Disadvantages

Mastery of concepts and increased retention

Rich breadth and depth of knowledge achieved

Continuum

X Confrontation with the lack of preparedness

X limited to certain areas (such as Filipino)

X Very hard to follow because more activities are required

for the learners, thus more task for the teacher.

Conclusion: THE CHALLENGES

Come up with a continuum of standards and

competencies

•Teachers have to be multi-specialists and multi-

skilled

Method

Kindergarted and the 12 years of

elementary and secondary

education

2 years Senior HS

4 year Junior HS

6 Year elementary

Kindergarten

Legal Bases

Philosphical and legal bases

1987 Phil. Consitution

B.P. 232, Education Act of 1982

R.A. 9155, Philippine Governance Act

The 4 pillars of Education

The vision-mision statement of DepEd

The EDCOM report of 1991

BESRA (Basic Education Sector Reform

Agenda) Back