history of israel part 4 - prrm bible study group

History of Israel

Part 4

BRIEF REVIEW OF PART 1-3

The 10 Plagues (Chap 7-11))

The Passover (Chap 12)

The Red Sea Crossing (Chap 14)

The Law (20:1-26)

“8 All the people answered together and said, “All that the Lord has spoken we will do! And Moses brought back the words of the people to the Lord.” (Exo 19:16-17)

The Tabernacle (25-40)

Holy of Holies

1. Slavery in Egypt (430 yrs)

2. Moses exile in Midian

3. Moses returns to Egypt to set his

people free

10 Plagues

4. Passover

5. Crossing the Red Sea

7. The Tabernacle

6. The Law (Mt. Horeb)

600,000 men excl women and children

8. Kadesh-Barnea

9. Plains of Moab

ExodusLeviticus

NumbersDeuteronomy

10. Jericho

Adam Noah

4000 BC 2348

Abraham

2052 2006

Jacob Joseph

1914

Moses

1525

Jacob arrivesIn Egypt

1875

Jeroboam Baasha Omri… Ahab Jeroboam… Hoshea

Rehoboam Asa

931

Jehoshaphat…

730

Hezekiah… Josiah.. Zedekiah

586

KINGDOM OF ISRAEL

KINGDOM OF JUDAH

721

AssyrianCaptivity

BabylonianCaptivity

721

605

Moses Exodus

1525 1445 1295

Judges

1050 1010

Saul David

970

Solomon

930

Divided Kingdom

1405

Joshua

GENESIS EXODUS JOSHUALEVITICUSNUMBERSDEUTERONOMY

JUDGESRUTH 1/2 SAMUEL

1/2 KINGS 1/2 CHRON

Babyonian Empire; Assyrian Kingdom fell – Lost 10 tribes

605 BC 538 423 333 166

70-year Captivity

Medo-Persian Empire

Greek Period

RomansPeriod

4 BC63

Maccabees/Hasmonean

EZRA – NEHEMIAH - ESTHER

Part 4

PENTATEUCH HISTORICAL POETRY PROPHESY

Minor: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi

OLD TESTAMENT

GENESIS

EXODUS

LEVITICUS

NUMBERS

DEUTERONOMY

JOSHUAJUDGES

1ST, 2ND SAMUEL1ST, 2ND KINGS

1ST, 2ND CHRONICLES

EZRANEHEMIAH

ESTHER

JOBPSALMS

PROVERBSECCLESIASTES

SONG OF SOLOMON

ISAIAHJEREMIAH

LAMENTATIONSEZEKIELDANIELMinor

Prophets

Genesis – the fall Exodus – the redemption Leviticus – the way to worship GodNumbers – the wilderness wandering of IsraelDeuteronomy – the second serving of the LawJoshua – entry into the Promised Land Judges – struggles in the Promised Land 1st Samuel – Israel asks for a king2nd Samuel – God’s chosen king 1st Kings – Kingdom united 2nd Kings – Kingdom divided 1st and 2nd Chronicles – 2nd serving of Israel’s History

The Significance of these books

CANAANDead Sea

Joshua Title: Joshua, “Hoshea - salvation” Author: JoshuaDate Written: 1400-1370 BC.

Possession and conquest of the land of promise.

Theme and purpose

• Possessing, conquering and dividing of the promised land

• Fulfilment of God’s promise and His faithfulness toward His people

I. Mobilization of the army (1-5)

II. Fall of Jericho (6)

III. Campaign at AI (7-8)

IV. Central-Northern conquest (10-11)

V. Division of the land (13-24)

VI. Joshua’s farewell and death (24)

Outline of Joshua

God’s charge to Joshua (Chap 1)6 Be strong and courageous, for you shall give this people possession of the land which I swore to their fathers to give them. 7 Only be strong and very courageous; be careful to do according to all the law which Moses My servant commanded you; do not turn from it to the right or to the left, so that you may have success wherever you go.

Highlights of Joshua

• God charges Joshua as new leader • Joshua send 2 spies to Jericho • Rahab hides the spies; expresses fear of Israel and

belief in their God• Joshua leads them to cross the river Jordan* • Marches around Jericho as God cause the walls to

crumble• They defeat 5 kings at Gibea; conquest of southern

and northern Canaan*• Canaan divided among the tribes*

Rahab protects the spies…8 …“I know that the LORD has given you the land, and that the terror of you has fallen on us, and that all the inhabitants of the land have melted away before you. 10 For we have heard how the LORD dried up the water of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt, and what you did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon and Og, whom you utterly destroyed. 11 When we heard it, our hearts melted and no courage remained in any man any longer because of you; for the LORD your God, He is God in heaven above and on earth beneath.

The Red Scarlet thread

Crossing the River Jordan5 Then Joshua said to the people, “Consecrate yourselves, for tomorrow the LORD will do wonders among you.” (Jos 3:5)

God’s presence…

After crossing the Jordan…

• God instructed them to carry 12 stones as a memorial • Joshua also put 12 stones in Jordan where the priests

stood • A new generation was circumcised • God sends the Lord’s army…13 … a man was standing opposite him with his sword drawn in his hand, and Joshua went to him and said to him, “Are you for us or for our adversaries?” 14 He said, “No; rather I indeed come now as captain of the host of the LORD.” And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and bowed down, and said to him, “What has my lord to say to his servant?” 15 The captain of the LORD’S host said to Joshua, “Remove your sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy.” And Joshua did so.

Battle of Ai

Fall of Jericho

Defeat of 5 Kings at Gibeon5 So the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, and the king of Eglon, gathered together and went up, they with all their armies, and camped by Gibeon and fought against it.(Jos 10:5)

11 As they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, the LORD threw large stones from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died; (Jos 10:11)

Joshua 13Canaan Divided

Joshua urges Israel to serve the Lord 15 If it is disagreeable in your sight to serve the LORD, choose for yourselves today whom you will serve: whether the gods which your fathers served which were beyond the River, or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you are living; but as for me and my house, we will serve the LORD.” (Jos 24:15)

The people answered…24 The people said to Joshua, “We will serve the LORD our God and we will [obey His voice.”(Jos 24:24) 31 Israel served the LORD all the days of Joshua…, and had known all the deeds of the LORD which He had done for Israel. (Jos 24:31)

The Bones of Joseph

32 Now they buried the bones of Joseph, which the sons of Israel brought up from Egypt, at Shechem, in the piece of ground which Jacob had bought from the sons of Hamor the father of Shechem for one hundred pieces of money; and they became the inheritance of Joseph’s sons. (Jos 24:32)



OLD TESTAMENT

GENESIS

EXODUS

LEVITICUS

NUMBERS

DEUTERONOMY

JOSHUAJUDGESRUTH


1ST, 2ND CHRONICLES

EZRANEHEMIAH

ESTHER

JOBPSALMS


SONG OF SOLOMON

ISAIAHJEREMIAH


Prophets

Judges Title: Judges “leaders” or “elders” Author: Samuel according to traditionDate Written: 1000 BC

Tells of Israel’s history between the death of Joshua and the ministry of Samuel

Theme and message

• The cycle of Israel’s crying out to God, being heard and rebelling again.

• The age when there was no king in Israel and every one did what was right in his own eyes.

“The Israelites did evil in the sight of the LORD.”

“The LORD sold them into the hands of their enemies”

“And when the sons of Israel cried out to the LORD…”

“The LORD raised up a deliverer.”

Key Points of Judges

• “Dark Ages” of Israel (2:13 – “So they forsook the LORD and served Baal and the Ashtaroth.”)

• Covers roughly 350 years• 14 Judges in all• Repeated departures from God; but with God’s

repeated mercy • God uses the weak things

o Ehud – used a home-made weapono Deborah – woman Judge o Gideon – from obscure family o Shamgar – rustic with ox goad

But Israel did not drive away the inhabitants …21 But the sons of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who lived in Jerusalem; so the Jebusites have lived with the sons of Benjamin in Jerusalem to this day.27 But Manasseh did not take possession of Beth-shean and its villages…so the Canaanites persisted in living in that land. 29 Ephraim did not drive out the Canaanites who were living in Gezer; 30 Zebulun did not drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, or the inhabitants of Nahalol31 Asher did not drive out the inhabitants of Acco, or the inhabitants of Sidon, ...

(Violating God’s command in Deu 7:2-3)

Israel served Baals …11 Then the sons of Israel did evil in the sight of the LORD and served the Baals, 12 and they forsook the LORD, the God of their fathers, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt, and followed other gods from among the gods of the peoples who were around them, and bowed themselves down to them; thus they provoked the LORD to anger. 13 So they forsook the LORD and served Baal and the Ashtaroth. 14 The anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He gave them into the hands of plunderers who plundered them; and He sold them into the hands of their enemies around them, so that they could no longer stand before their enemies. (Judges 2:11-13)

Prologue in two parts (1-2)

Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)

Ehud Narrative (3:12-31)Judge is social outcast; oppressors from east of the Jordan

Deborah/Barak Narrative (4-5) Woman slays enemy with blow to head

Gideon Narrative (6:1 – 8:32)

Abimelech Narrative (8:33 – 10:5) Woman slays enemy with blow to head

Jephthah Narrative (10:6 – 12:15)Judge is social outcast; oppressors from east of the Jordan

Samson Narrative (13-16)

Epilogue in two parts (17-21)

9 When the sons of Israel cried to the LORD, the LORD raised up a deliverer for the sons of Israel to deliver them, Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. 10 The Spirit of the LORD came upon him, and he judged Israel. When he went out to war, theLORD gave Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand, so that he prevailed over Cushan-rishathaim. 11 Then the land had rest forty years. And Othniel the son of Kenaz died. (Judg 3:9-11)



OLD TESTAMENT

GENESIS

EXODUS

LEVITICUS

NUMBERS

DEUTERONOMY

JOSHUAJUDGESRUTH


1ST, 2ND CHRONICLES

EZRANEHEMIAH

ESTHER

JOBPSALMS


SONG OF SOLOMON

ISAIAHJEREMIAH


Prophets

Book of Ruth Title: Ruth – the leading characterAuthor: attributed to Samuel but unlikelyDate Written: after 1000 BC

Must have been written during relative peace between Moab and Israel.

Theme and message

• Redemption as a key theme• God’s pursuit of His plan for salvation • Love

Elimelech journeys to Moab

Famine strikes Israel; family of Elimelech journeys to Moab with Naomi and 2 sons. Eventually, Elimelech dies.

2 sons marry for 10 years, also both sons die.

Naomi was left with daughters-in-law – Ruth and Orpah.

Naomi decides to head back to Israel; Ruth goes with her

“Do not urge me to leave you or turn back from following you; for where you go, I will go, and where you lodge, I will lodge. Your people shall be my people, and your God, my God.” (Ruth 1:16)

Boaz, the kinsman-redeemerRuth takes care of Naomi; gleans on the land of Boaz

Boaz gives special treatment to Ruth on account of Naomi

Ruth offers redemption from Boaz

Boaz waits for a closer relative to redeem Ruth

Boaz redeems Ruth!

10 ”Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I purchased to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place: ye are witnesses this day.” (Ruth 4:10)

Rahab and Ruth in the line…

2 Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers. 3 Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. 4 Ram was the father of Amminadab, Amminadab the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon the father of Salmon.5 Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab, Boaz was the father of Obed by Ruth, and Obed the father of Jesse. 6 Jesse was the father of David the king. (Mat 1:2-6)



OLD TESTAMENT

GENESIS

EXODUS

LEVITICUS

NUMBERS

DEUTERONOMY

JOSHUAJUDGESRUTH


1ST, 2ND CHRONICLES

EZRANEHEMIAH

ESTHER

JOBPSALMS


SONG OF SOLOMON

ISAIAHJEREMIAH


Prophets

Book of 1 SamuelTitle: 1 Samuel (a person used by God to establish

IsraelAuthor: Samuel according to traditionDate Written: 930 and later BC

Theme and message

• Transition from Judges to Kingdom rule in Israel • Samuel was raised up as last Judge, prophet and priest • People clamoured for earthly king rather than God as their

King.

Samuel is born to Hannah Elkanah and his two wives – Hannah and Peninah

Elkanah – “Am I not better than 10 sons?” (1:8)

Hanah – “O LORD of hosts, if You will indeed look on the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me, and not forget Your maidservant, but will give Your maidservant a son, then I will give him to the LORD all the days of his life, and a razor shall never come on his head.” (1:11)

Samuel (“because I have asked him of the Lord.”); was brought to the temple after weaning.

Hanah writes a song of thanksgiving to God (Chap 2)

Personal reflection:What precious gift is that I can offer to God to show that nothing is more precious than God Himself in us even as the gift that I offer is from God Himself.

Outline and summary of 1 Samuel

Chap 1 – 7 God raises Samuel (Prophet, Priest and Judge)

Chap 8 – 15 Israel asks for their earthly king to rule them

Chap 16 – 31 God chooses a king for Israel

Getting to know Samuel • A man of prayer (at the temple, at Mizpah vs Philistines

and when Israel asked for a king)• Interceded as a prophet (3: v9 - … grew and the Lord was

with him… v21 – the Lord revealed Himself to Samuel…by the word of the Lord.)

• Deliverer: 7:13 – and the hand of the Lord was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel.

Samuel’s appeal in chap 7:3:“If you return to the LORD with all your heart, remove the foreign gods and the Ashtaroth from among you and direct your hearts to the LORD and serve Him alone; and He will deliver you from the hand of the Philistines.”

Israel’s response…5 and they said to him, “Behold, you have grown old, and your sons do not walk in your ways. Now appoint a king for us to judge us like all the nations.”(1 Sam 8:5)

God’s response…7 The LORD said to Samuel, “Listen to the voice of the people in regard to all that they say to you, for they have not rejected you, but they have rejected Me from being king over them. 8 Like all the deeds which they have done since the day that I brought them up from Egypt even to this day—in that they have forsaken Me and served other gods—so they are doing to you also.

Personal reflection:In spite of God’s moving in our lives, we want to move ahead of God and take charge. At times, God allows us to get our way and suffer the consequences that He may rescue us when we call again upon him, if we call upon Him at all.

Saul started well…He was tall, handsome and humble

God changed his heart (1 Sam 10:9); the Spirit of God came to Saul mightily (1 Sam 11:6); He even prophesied

Saul’s pivotal battle in Jabesh-Gilead vs Ammonites.

He routed the Philistines, Amalekites, Moabites, Edomites and Ammonites.

But pride and lust for power overtook Saul…In one major battle with the Philistines in Chap 13, Samuel was supposed to meet with Saul in Gilgal before the battle… But Saul cannot wait any longer after 7 days that he decided himself to conduct burned offering to God…

God was not pleased 13 Samuel said to Saul, “You have acted foolishly; you have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you, for now the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. 14 But now your kingdom shall not endure. The LORD has sought out for Himself a man after His own heart, and the LORD has appointed him as ruler over His people, because you have not kept what the LORD commanded you.”

Saul’s disobedience followed a series of falls…In Chap 15, the Lord commanded them to punish the Amalekites… Strike and utterly destroy them. Do not spare anyone, including animals, children and infant.

They defeated the Amalekites but…8 He captured Agag the king of the Amalekites alive, and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword. 9 But Saul and the people spared Agag and the best of the sheep, the oxen, the fatlings, the lambs, and all that was good, and were not willing to destroy them utterly; but everything despised and worthless, that they utterly destroyed.

Samuel rebukes Saul22 Samuel said,“Has the LORD as much delight in burnt offerings and sacrificesAs in obeying the voice of the LORD?Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice,And to heed than the fat of rams.23 “For rebellion is as the sin of divination,And insubordination is as iniquity and idolatry.Because you have rejected the word of the LORD,He has also rejected you from being king.”

David, the Next King (16-31) • Jessie’s son, great grandson of Ruth and Boaz (who

remembers Boaz’ mother?)

• He killed Goliath (you know the story here)

• He becomes famous as people sang “Saul has slain his thousands and David his ten thousands.”

• Saul became very angry… an evil spirit from God came mightily upon Saul… (18:10-11)

• Saul attacks David 5 times

• David was protected by Jonathan, Mikhal – God

• David exiled as Saul pursues his life

• David had a chance to kill Saul 2x but he spared him

Book of 2 SamuelTitle: 1 Samuel (a person used by God to establish

IsraelAuthor: Samuel according to traditionDate Written: 930 and later BC

Theme and message

• Continuing story of the kingdom of Israel• Saul, rejected by God, is now replaced by God’s choice for a

king of Israel, David• The last few chapters of 1 Samuel saw David’s rise to the

thrown yet he was not in a hurry

Outline and summary of 2 SamuelChap 1 – 4 David made king over Judah

Chap 5 – 24 David made king over Israel

David learns and mourns for Saul and Jonathan’s death• Jonathan and Saul

perished during their battle against the Philistines (1 Samuel)

• Saul takes his life by falling on his own sword to die.

• David writes a Song of the Bow in Chapter 1

Chap 1:22b-23:The bow of Jonathan did not turn back,And the sword of Saul did not return empty.”“Saul and Jonathan, beloved and pleasant in their life,And in their death they were not parted;They were swifter than eagles,They were stronger than lions.”

David’s triumphs…• Civil war follow; Ish-boleth is murdered; all Israel asks

David to be king.

• David moves capital from Hebron to Jerusalem; plans to build a temple for God; but God said that it will be his son who will build the temple.

• David leads Israel to many more victories against enemies; he takes care of the family of Saul.

Comfort reveals its ugly work in the human heartChap 11. Then, it happened in the spring, time when kings go out to battle… David walked around his roof and saw a woman bathing… He falls. Then he orchestrates the murder of the woman’s husband.

Nathan confronts David… he confesses…but consequences will be painful… • His son of Bathsheba dies

• His son Ammon rapes his half-sister, Tamar. In revenge, Absalom kills Ammon.

• Then Absalom flees. Then later on, revolts against David (15-16)

• David is forced out of Jerusalem; Absalom proclaims himself as king for a short time. But gets killed eventually. David grieves.

• David is restored as king; a famine in the land.

• David commits a sin when he conducted census.

Sin has consequencesGod is always faithful to forgive us when we sin and repent. But the sin bears consequences that we must face. We must be strong and courageous as in His course of time, He will restore us.

David pours out his heart to God…

2 “The LORD is my rock and my fortress and my deliverer;3 My God, my rock, in whom I take refuge,My shield and the horn of my salvation, my stronghold and my refuge;My savior, You save me from violence.4 “I call upon the LORD, who is worthy to be praised,And I am saved from my enemies. (2 Sam 22:2-4)

On his lustful sin over Bathsheba… Psalm 511 Be gracious to me, O God, according to Your loving-

kindness;According to the greatness of Your compassion blot out

my transgressions.2 Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity

And cleanse me from my sin.3 For I know my transgressions,

And my sin is ever before me.4 Against You, You only, I have sinned

And done what is evil in Your sight,So that You are justified when You speakAnd blameless when You judge.

5 Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity,And in sin my mother conceived me.

6 Behold, You desire truth in the innermost being,And in the hidden part You will make me know wisdom.

7 Purify me with hyssop, and I shall be clean;Wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.

8 Make me to hear joy and gladness,Let the bones which You have broken rejoice.

9 Hide Your face from my sinsAnd blot out all my iniquities.

10 Create in me a clean heart, O God,And renew a steadfast spirit within me.

11 Do not cast me away from Your presenceAnd do not take Your Holy Spirit from me.

12 Restore to me the joy of Your salvationAnd sustain me with a willing spirit.

The Davidic Covenant… (2 Sam 7:12-13, 16)

12 When your days are complete and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your descendant after you, who will come forth from you, and I will establish his kingdom. 13 He shall build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. 16 Your house and your kingdom shall endure before Me forever; your throne shall be established forever.



OLD TESTAMENT

GENESIS

EXODUS

LEVITICUS

NUMBERS

DEUTERONOMY

JOSHUAJUDGESRUTH


1ST, 2ND CHRONICLES

EZRANEHEMIAH

ESTHER

JOBPSALMS


SONG OF SOLOMON

ISAIAHJEREMIAH


Prophets

Book of 1st Kings Title: 1 Kings Author: By tradition, Jeremiah Date Written: 560 and 540 BC

A sequel to the books of Samuel which introduces the events covering the rise of Solomon after the death of David.

Theme and message

• Traces the history of kings of Israel and Judah, the reign of Solomon and the rise of Israel to the peak of her glory

• How disobedience led to the disruption and division of the kingdom

• Success of any king depends on his allegiance to God’s law and truth

On David’s deathbed, Solomon assumes kingship but not without strife…• His older son Adonijah, proclaims himself as king;

Bathsheba and Nathan reminds David that the successor is Solomon.

• Solomon is proclaimed new king; Adonijah is executed because of treachery.

Solomon asks for wisdom…7 Now, O LORD my God, You have made Your servant king in place of my father David, yet I am but a little child; I do not know how to go out or come in. 9 So give Your servant an understanding heart to judge Your people to discern between good and evil. For who is able to judge this great people of Yours?”

God was pleased and prospered Solomon immensely…

12 behold, I have done according to your words. Behold, I have given you a wise and discerning heart, so that there has been no one like you before you, nor shall one like you arise after you. 13 I have also given you what you have not asked, both riches and honor, so that there will not be any among the kings like you all your days. 14 If you walk in My ways, keeping My statutes and commandments, as your father David walked, then I will prolong your days.” (1 Kings 3:12-14)

12 “Concerning this house which you are building, if you will walk in My statutes and execute My ordinances and keep all My commandments by walking in them, then I will carry out My word with you which I spoke to David your father. 13 I will dwell among the sons of Israel, and will not forsake My people Israel.” (1 Kings 6:12-13)

Solomon built the Temple…

Solomon built the Temple…for 7 years (6:38)

Solomon’s palaceNow Solomon was building his own house thirteen years, and he finished all his house. (1 Kings 7:1)

Solomon amassed great wealth, wisdom and women • Now the weight of gold that came in 1 year was 666 talents.

(10:14) • Solomon’s wisdom surpassed all the wise men of the east

and all the wise men of Egypt (4:30); 3,000 proverbs and 1005 songs.

• Loved many foreign women along with the daughters of Pharaoh; all those that God forbade them to associate. 700 wives and 300 concubines. (Chap 11)

God was angry…11 So the LORD said to Solomon, “Because you have done this, and you have not kept My covenant and My statutes, which I have commanded you, I will surely tear the kingdom from you, and will give it to your servant.(11:11)

At Solomon’s death, kingdom splits and idolatry worsens…• Ruled by a series of evil and idolatrous kings. • Divided kingdom – North (10 tribes) and South (Judah &

Benjamin)• Elijah tries to preach to bring them back to God; • Among the evil king was Ahab and his wife Jezebel • Elijah challenged the baal gods of Jezebel and God

prevailed; Jezebel orders death for Elijah. Elijah runs away exhausted and depressed.

• God fed and comforted Elijah and told him that 7,000 knees have not bowed to Baal in Israel.

Lessons in 1 Kings…

• Fear God and seek wisdom from Him alone• Do not amass wealth and hold fast to power that may

cause us to turn away from God• What agreement is there between the temple of God

and idols? (2 Cor 6:16)• We are the temple of the living God. • Mountaintop experiences (Elijah’s victory over 450 false

prophets) may cause us to feel discouraged when God’s work seem not yet finished. Hold fast unto God.

Book of 2nd Kings Title: 2nd Kings Author: By tradition, Jeremiah Date Written: 560 and 540 BC

A sequel to the book of 1st Kings during its divided kingdoms.

Theme and message• Final overthrow and deportation of the people of Israel and

Judah• The fall of Israel to Assyria in 722 BC and Judah to

Babylonians in 586 BC. • If in Samuel – a nation was born, in 1st Kings a nation was

divided, in 2nd Kings, a nation is dispersed.

Highlights of 2nd Kings…

• Downfall of the divided kingdom • Prophets continue to warn the people of the judgment

of God but they wouldn’t repent. • Idolatrous and evil kings take turns in leading Israel to

decline • A few good rulers come along with prophet Elisha, but

not able to change Israel’s destiny.• Elisha continues the work of Elijah as Elijah is taken up

by a fiery chariot…

7 Now fifty men of the sons of the prophets went and stood opposite them at a distance, while the two of them stood by the Jordan. 8 Elijah took his mantle and folded it together and struck the waters, and they were divided here and there, so that the two of them crossed over on dry ground. (2 Kings 2:7-8)

Elijah parts Jordan…

11 As they were going along and talking, behold, there appeared a chariot of fire and horses of fire which separated the two of them. And Elijah went up by a whirlwind to heaven. (2 Kings 2:11)

Elijah taken up…

Elisha asked for a double portion of Elija’s spirit…

Assyria captures Israel…6 In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and carried Israel away into exile to Assyria, and settled them in Halah and Habor, on the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. (2nd Kings 17:6)

7 Now this came about because the sons of Israel had sinned against the LORD their God, who had brought them up from the land of Egypt from under the hand of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and they had feared other gods 8 and walked in the customs of the nations whom the LORD had driven out before the sons of Israel, and in the customs of the kings of Israel which they had introduced. 18 So the LORD was very angry with Israel and removed them from His sight; 19 Also Judah did not keep the commandments of the LORD their God, but walked in the customs which Israel had introduced. (2nd Kings 17:7-8, 18, 19)

God detested Israel and Judah

1 Now in the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, camped against it and built a siege wall all around it. 2 So the city was under siege until the eleventh year of King Zedekiah. 8 Now on the seventh day of the fifth month, which was the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem. 9 He burned the house of the LORD, the king’s house, and all the houses of Jerusalem; even every great house he burned with fire. (2nd Kings 25:1-2, 8-9)

Nebuchadnezzar besieges Judah

19 Then Joshua said to the people, “You will not be able to serve the LORD, for He is a holy God. He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgression or your sins. 20 If you forsake the LORD and serve foreign gods, then He will turn and do you harm and consume you after He has done good to you.”

Joshua 24:19



OLD TESTAMENT

GENESIS

EXODUS

LEVITICUS

NUMBERS

DEUTERONOMY

JOSHUAJUDGESRUTH


1ST, 2ND CHRONICLES

EZRANEHEMIAH

ESTHER

JOBPSALMS


SONG OF SOLOMON

ISAIAHJEREMIAH


Prophets

Book of 1st and 2nd Chronicles Title: 1st and 2nd Chronicles Author: By tradition, EzraDate Written: 450 and 425 BC

Theme and message

• Covers similar history of Israel found in the 1st and 2nd Samuel and 1st and 2nd Kings.

• This book focuses on the priestly aspect of the events to encourage those who were returning from exile.

• 1st Chron focuses on the Southern Kingdom, who are more faithful to God.

• 2nd Chronicles is an evaluation of the nation’s religious history.

• First 9 chapters dedicated to genealogies and lists• David’s accent to the throne and his reign • Solomon becoming king• A reference to future judgment:

1st Chronicles – Summary

Then the trees of the forest will sing for joy before the LORD;For He is coming to judge the earth. (1 Chron 16:33)

• A prophesy on Jesus Christ: 13 I will be his father and he shall be My son; and I will not take My lovingkindness away from him, as I took it from him who was before you. 14 But I will settle him in My house and in My kingdom forever, and his throne shall be established forever.”’(1 Chron 17:13-14)

• History of the Southern kingdom• Reign of Solomon until the Babylonian exile • Focus is given on the good kings who relentlessly turn

people back to God • Concludes with the final destruction of Jerusalem and

the temple

2nd Chronicles – Summary

We see that even those “good” kings will eventually encounter experiences that cause them to fall. This points to a need for a King who is sinless --- that is, Jesus Christ. This points to a God who wishes to dwell in our hearts, the Holy Spirit in us believers.

22 Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia—in order to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah—the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, so that he sent a proclamation throughout his kingdom, and also put it in writing, saying, 23 “Thus says Cyrus king of Persia, ‘The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth, and He has appointed me to build Him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Whoever there is among you of all His people, may the LORD his God be with him, and let him go up!’”

King Cyrus permits Jews to return…

Once again, God comes to the rescue of His people. He turns the heart of Cyrus to favour calling them back home to rebuild the Temple in Judah.In our lives, have we noticed how God turns the hearts of people even in high places to favour us and bless us…



OLD TESTAMENT

GENESIS

EXODUS

LEVITICUS

NUMBERS

DEUTERONOMY

JOSHUAJUDGESRUTH


1ST, 2ND CHRONICLES

EZRANEHEMIAH

ESTHER

JOBPSALMS


SONG OF SOLOMON

ISAIAHJEREMIAH


Prophets

Adam Noah

4000 BC 2348

Abraham

2052 2006

Jacob Joseph

1914

Moses

1525

Jacob arrivesIn Egypt

1875

Jeroboam Baasha Omri… Ahab Jeroboam… Hoshea

Rehoboam Asa

931

Jehoshaphat…

730

Hezekiah… Josiah.. Zedekiah

586

KINGDOM OF ISRAEL

KINGDOM OF JUDAH

721

AssyrianCaptivity

BabylonianCaptivity

721

605

Moses Exodus

1525 1445 1295

Judges

1050 1010

Saul David

970

Solomon

930

Divided Kingdom

1405

Joshua

GENESIS EXODUS JOSHUALEVITICUSNUMBERSDEUTERONOMY

JUDGESRUTH 1/2 SAMUEL

1/2 KINGS 1/2 CHRON

Babyonian Empire; Assyrian Kingdom fell – Lost 10 tribes

605 BC 538 423 333 166

70-year Captivity

Medo-Persian Empire

Greek Period

RomansPeriod

4 BC63

Maccabees/Hasmonean

Genesis – the fall Exodus – the redemption Leviticus – the way to worship GodNumbers – the wilderness wandering of IsraelDeuteronomy – the second serving of the LawJoshua – entry into the Promised Land Judges – struggles in the Promised Land 1st Samuel – Israel asks for a king2nd Samuel – God’s chosen king 1st Kings – Kingdom united 2nd Kings – Kingdom divided 1st and 2nd Chronicles – 2nd serving of history

The Significance of these booksAbraham

Moses MosesMoses Moses Joshua Judges

Saul, Samuel David

SolomonKings, Prophets Kings, Prophets

history of israel part 4 - prrm bible study group

Spiritual

god joshua

joshua chap

jordan god

memorial joshua

land of promise

circumcised god

new leader joshua

red sea crossing chap