histroy of internet

7/28/2019 Histroy of Internet

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History of InternetHistory of Internet


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ContentContent

IntroductionIntroductionCreation of ARPANETCreation of ARPANET

From ARPANET to InternetFrom ARPANET to InternetFrom Internet to the World Wide WebFrom Internet to the World Wide WebDevelopment of the World Wide WebDevelopment of the World Wide Web

QuestionsQuestions


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Creation of ARPANET (1)Creation of ARPANET (1)

1957 USSR launched Sputnik I1957 USSR launched Sputnik IUnited States were shockedUnited States were shocked

Advanced Research Projects Advanced Research Projects Agency Agency

Thechnological think-tankThechnological think-tankSpace, ballistic missiles and nuclear Space, ballistic missiles and nuclear test monitoringtest monitoringCommunication between operationalCommunication between operationalbase and subcontractersbase and subcontracters


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1962 computer research program1962 computer research programLeaded by John Licklider (MIT)Leaded by John Licklider (MIT)Leonard Kleinrock published his first paper onLeonard Kleinrock published his first paper on

packet-switching theorypacket-switching theory1965 first wide area network created1965 first wide area network created

Connection between Berkeley and MITConnection between Berkeley and MIT


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1967 plans for ARPANET1967 plans for ARPANETwere publishedwere published

MIT NPL (UK) RANDMIT NPL (UK) RAND

1969 Interface Message1969 Interface MessageProcessor (IMP)Processor (IMP)

4 computers (UCLA, SRI,4 computers (UCLA, SRI,UCSB and UTAH)UCSB and UTAH)

1971 23 host computers1971 23 host computers(15 nodes)(15 nodes)


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From ARPANET to Internet (1)From ARPANET to Internet (1)

1972 ARPANET went public1972 ARPANET went publicICCCICCCFirst program for person-to-person communicationFirst program for person-to-person communication

(e-mail)(e-mail)19731973

75% of all ARPANET traffic is e-mail75% of all ARPANET traffic is e-mailFirst international connection (University College of First international connection (University College of London)London)


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1974 TCP/IP1974 TCP/IPEach network should work on its ownEach network should work on its ownWithin each network there would be a gatewayWithin each network there would be a gateway

Packages would be routed through the fastestPackages would be routed through the fastestavailable routeavailable route

Large mainframe computersLarge mainframe computersSeveral years of modification and redesignSeveral years of modification and redesign


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1974/1982 Networks launched1974/1982 Networks launchedTelenet first commercial version of ARPANETTelenet first commercial version of ARPANETMFENet researchers into Magnetic Fusion EnergyMFENet researchers into Magnetic Fusion Energy

HEPNet researchers into High Energy PhysicsHEPNet researchers into High Energy PhysicsSPAN space physicistsSPAN space physicistsUsenet open system focusing on e-mail andUsenet open system focusing on e-mail andnewsgroupsnewsgroupsBitnet university scientists using IBM computersBitnet university scientists using IBM computersCSNet Computer Scientists in universities, industryCSNet Computer Scientists in universities, industryand governmentand governmentEunet European version of the Unix networkEunet European version of the Unix networkEARN European version of BitnetEARN European version of Bitnet


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1974/19821974/1982Very chaoticVery chaoticDifferent competing techniques and protocolsDifferent competing techniques and protocols

ARPANET is still the backbone ARPANET is still the backbone

1982 The internet is born using the TCP/IP1982 The internet is born using the TCP/IPstandardstandard


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From Internet to WWW (1)From Internet to WWW (1)

System expandsSystem expands Advances in computer capacities and speeds Advances in computer capacities and speedsIntroduction of glass-fibre cablesIntroduction of glass-fibre cables

Problems created by its own successProblems created by its own successMore computersMore computers are linked (are linked ( 1984 1000 hosts)1984 1000 hosts)Large volume of traffic (success of e-mail)Large volume of traffic (success of e-mail)

1984 Introduction DNS1984 Introduction DNS


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Use of internet throughout the higher Use of internet throughout the higher educational systemeducational system

British government Joint Academic NetworkBritish government Joint Academic Network

US National Science Foundation NSFNetUS National Science Foundation NSFNet

NSFNetNSFNetUse of TCP/IPUse of TCP/IPFederal Agencies share cost of infrastructuresFederal Agencies share cost of infrastructuresNSFNet shared infrastructureNSFNet shared infrastructureSupport behind the Internet Activities BoardSupport behind the Internet Activities Board

NSFNet provided the backboneNSFNet provided the backbone


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NSFNetNSFNetbroke the capacity bottleneckbroke the capacity bottleneckencouraged a surge in Internet useencouraged a surge in Internet use

1984 1,000 hosts1984 1,000 hosts1986 5,000 hosts1986 5,000 hosts1987 28,000 hosts1987 28,000 hosts1989 100,000 hosts1989 100,000 hosts1990 300,000 hosts1990 300,000 hosts

encouraged the development of private Internetencouraged the development of private Internetprovidersproviders

Commercial usersCommercial users


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1990 ARPANET was wound up1990 ARPANET was wound up1990 first search-engine (Archie)1990 first search-engine (Archie)1991 NSF removed restrictions on private1991 NSF removed restrictions on privateaccessaccessInformation superhighway projectInformation superhighway project


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The World Wide Web (1)The World Wide Web (1)

1989 WWW concept1989 WWW conceptby Tim Berners-Leeby Tim Berners-Lee

1990 first browser/editor program1990 first browser/editor program


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National Center for SuperComputingNational Center for SuperComputing Applications launched Mosaic X Applications launched Mosaic XCommercial websites began their proliferationCommercial websites began their proliferation

Followed by local shool/club/family sitesFollowed by local shool/club/family sitesThe web explodedThe web exploded

1994 3,2 million hosts and 3,000 websites1994 3,2 million hosts and 3,000 websites

1995 6,4 million hosts and 25,000 websites1995 6,4 million hosts and 25,000 websites1997 19,5 million hosts and 1,2 million websites1997 19,5 million hosts and 1,2 million websitesJanuary 2001 110 million hosts and 30 millionJanuary 2001 110 million hosts and 30 millionwebsiteswebsites


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Some factsSome facts1994 Hotmail starts web based email1994 Hotmail starts web based email1994 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)1994 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)was foundedwas founded1995 JAVA source code was released1995 JAVA source code was released1996 Mirabilis (Israel) starts ICQ1996 Mirabilis (Israel) starts ICQ

1998 Google is founded1998 Google is founded


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