hmong conservation: lessons in ethnobotany from the elders of long lan, luang prabang, lao...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Hmong Conservation Lessons in ethnobotany from the elders of Long Lan,
Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic RepublicWhitney, Cory, Vang Sin Min (Meej Vaj), Lê Hồng Giang , Vu Van Can,
Keith Barber, Tran Thi Lanh
![Page 2: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Authors • Cory William Whitney1*, Vang Sin Min (Meej Vaj)2, Lê Hồng
Giang3, Vu Van Can3, Keith Barber4, Tran Thi Lanh3
• 1 Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kleve, Germany
• * Corresponding author: [email protected]• 2 Hmong, Young Indigenous Ethnic Minority Leadership
Program/ Mekong Community Networking and Ecological Trading, Si Ma Cai, Vietnam
• 3 Social Policy Ecology Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam• 4 Waikato University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,
Hamilton, New Zealand
![Page 3: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Overview
![Page 4: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Overview • What? Hmong cultural plant use Traditional customary management systems
![Page 5: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Overview • What? Hmong cultural plant use Traditional customary management systems
• So what? Loss of biodiversityPressure to exploit natural resources
![Page 6: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Overview • What? Hmong cultural plant use Traditional customary management systems
• So what? Loss of biodiversityPressure to exploit natural resources
• Now What? Promote endogenous practices of conservation-connection to local ecology (educate youth) More participatory research for conservation
![Page 7: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cooperation
![Page 8: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Cooperation • Hmong, Young Indigenous Ethnic Minority Leadership
Program (YIELDS)
![Page 9: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cooperation • Hmong, Young Indigenous Ethnic Minority Leadership
Program (YIELDS)• Hmong Association of Northern Laos
![Page 10: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cooperation • Hmong, Young Indigenous Ethnic Minority Leadership
Program (YIELDS)• Hmong Association of Northern Laos• Lao People’s Revolutionary Party
![Page 11: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cooperation • Hmong, Young Indigenous Ethnic Minority Leadership
Program (YIELDS)• Hmong Association of Northern Laos• Lao People’s Revolutionary Party• Center for Human Ecology Studies of Highlands
(CHESH) in Lao PDR
![Page 12: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Cooperation • Hmong, Young Indigenous Ethnic Minority Leadership
Program (YIELDS)• Hmong Association of Northern Laos• Lao People’s Revolutionary Party• Center for Human Ecology Studies of Highlands
(CHESH) in Lao PDR• Mekong Community Network for Ecological Trade
(MECO-ECOTRA)
![Page 13: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cooperation • Hmong, Young Indigenous Ethnic Minority Leadership
Program (YIELDS)• Hmong Association of Northern Laos• Lao People’s Revolutionary Party• Center for Human Ecology Studies of Highlands
(CHESH) in Lao PDR• Mekong Community Network for Ecological Trade
(MECO-ECOTRA)• Pha Tad Ke Botanical Garden in Luang Prabang
![Page 14: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Mr. Neej Tsim Lis, Mr. Koos Txum Lis, Mrs. Maiv Txos Lis, Mrs. Niam Xeev Hwm, Mr. Npuas Yias Thoj, Mr. Nyiaj Pos Yaj, Mr. Nyiaj Txiab Lis, Mr. Suav Thej Yaj, Mr. Txoov Tuam Hawj, Mr. Vam Xeeb Yaj, Mr. Xaiv Khws Yaj, Mr. Xaiv Tuam Yaj, Mr. Xi li Van, and Mr. Zam Txoov Thoj
Elders
![Page 15: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Objectives
![Page 16: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Hmong cultural plant use
Objectives
![Page 17: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Hmong cultural plant use • Traditional customary management systems
Objectives
![Page 18: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Figure 1. Map of Long Lan village* and Phu Soung Mountains in Lao PDR† *Inset points indicate locations of plant samples collected around Long Lan village.
†Map from CartoGIS, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University. Inset developed in QGIS 2013.
Long Lan village and Phu Soung Mountains in
Lao PDR �
CartoGIS, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian
National University.
Inset QGIS 2013.
![Page 19: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Ban Long Lan
QGIS 2013.
10km
![Page 20: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ban Long Lan
QGIS 2013.
10km
![Page 21: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Ban Long Lan
QGIS 2013.
10km
![Page 22: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Participatory Ethnobotany
3-‐‑Stages
![Page 23: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Participatory Ethnobotany
Elders
![Page 24: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Participatory Ethnobotany Youth
Elders
![Page 25: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Participatory Ethnobotany Youth
Elders
Walk-‐‑in-‐‑the-‐‑woods
(PHILLIPS & GENTRY,1993)
![Page 26: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Data Analysis
![Page 27: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Data Analysis • URs /CIs (Tardio & Pardo-de-Santayana 2008)
Where NC=number of use categories, u=uses, i=informant, and N=total number of informants (Ns =FC)
(TARDÍO J. & PARDO-‐‑DE-‐‑SANTAYANA M. 2008)
![Page 28: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Data Analysis • URs /CIs (Tardio & Pardo-de-Santayana 2008)
• Regression models in program R ‘ggplot’ / ‘psych’.
Where NC=number of use categories, u=uses, i=informant, and N=total number of informants (Ns =FC)
(TARDÍO J. & PARDO-‐‑DE-‐‑SANTAYANA M. 2008)
![Page 29: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Results: Ethnobotany • 74 indigenous plant species >300 UR
Specimens at Pha Tad Ke Botanical Garden. Luang Prabang, Laos / SPERI, Hanoi, Vietnam/ Vu Van Can, Hanoi, Vietnam,
(Aubréville 1985; Smitinand & Vidal 1990)
![Page 30: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Latin Name Hmong Name* UR FC NU Cons CIPersicaria chinensis (L.) H.
Gross Qaub Yag 18 4 9 6 1.286
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don. Qos Tsov 14 3 7 5 1.00
0
Uncaria hirsuta Havil. Pos Kub Yas Liab, Pos Kub Yag 9 4 6 10 0.64
3
Bischofia javanica Blume (Ntoo) Qaub Pluas 8 4 6 4 0.571
Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht (Ko, Kav) Qeej 8 2 7 4 0.57
1
Sterculia lanceolata Cav. Seb Kaus Dais, Ntoo Xib 8 4 4 4 0.57
1
Results: Quantitative scores 6 most important (CI index) by plant species
*Parenthesis indicates names (e.g. affix, prefix) often omitted
Chinese knotweed Elephant ear taro Cat’s claw Bishop wood Crêpe ginger Lance-‐‑leaved Sterculia
Customary Laws Spreading seed
Remove competing vegetation
![Page 31: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Latin Name Hmong Name* UR FC NU Cons CIPersicaria chinensis (L.) H.
Gross Qaub Yag 18 4 9 6 1.286
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don. Qos Tsov 14 3 7 5 1.00
0
Uncaria hirsuta Havil. Pos Kub Yas Liab, Pos Kub Yag 9 4 6 10 0.64
3
Bischofia javanica Blume (Ntoo) Qaub Pluas 8 4 6 4 0.571
Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht (Ko, Kav) Qeej 8 2 7 4 0.57
1
Sterculia lanceolata Cav. Seb Kaus Dais, Ntoo Xib 8 4 4 4 0.57
1
Results: Quantitative scores 6 most important (CI index) by plant species
*Parenthesis indicates names (e.g. affix, prefix) often omitted
Chinese knotweed Elephant ear taro Cat’s claw Bishop wood Crêpe ginger Lance-‐‑leaved Sterculia
Customary Laws Spreading seed
Remove competing vegetation
NU = number of uses per species
![Page 32: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Latin Name Hmong Name* UR FC NU Cons CIPersicaria chinensis (L.) H.
Gross Qaub Yag 18 4 9 6 1.286
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don. Qos Tsov 14 3 7 5 1.00
0
Uncaria hirsuta Havil. Pos Kub Yas Liab, Pos Kub Yag 9 4 6 10 0.64
3
Bischofia javanica Blume (Ntoo) Qaub Pluas 8 4 6 4 0.571
Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht (Ko, Kav) Qeej 8 2 7 4 0.57
1
Sterculia lanceolata Cav. Seb Kaus Dais, Ntoo Xib 8 4 4 4 0.57
1
Results: Quantitative scores 6 most important (CI index) by plant species
*Parenthesis indicates names (e.g. affix, prefix) often omitted
Chinese knotweed Elephant ear taro Cat’s claw Bishop wood Crêpe ginger Lance-‐‑leaved Sterculia
![Page 33: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Latin Name Hmong Name* UR FC NU Cons CIPersicaria chinensis (L.) H.
Gross Qaub Yag 18 4 9 6 1.286
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don. Qos Tsov 14 3 7 5 1.00
0
Uncaria hirsuta Havil. Pos Kub Yas Liab, Pos Kub Yag 9 4 6 10 0.64
3
Bischofia javanica Blume (Ntoo) Qaub Pluas 8 4 6 4 0.571
Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht (Ko, Kav) Qeej 8 2 7 4 0.57
1
Sterculia lanceolata Cav. Seb Kaus Dais, Ntoo Xib 8 4 4 4 0.57
1
Results: Quantitative scores 6 most important (CI index) by plant species
*Parenthesis indicates names (e.g. affix, prefix) often omitted
Chinese knotweed Elephant ear taro Cat’s claw Bishop wood Crêpe ginger Lance-‐‑leaved Sterculia
![Page 34: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Type UR FC NU Cons CI index
Trees 92 38 76 78 6.571Perennial
herbs 82 26 63 44 5.857
Shrubs 67 27 55 57 4.786Lianas /
Climbers 37 14 34 17 2.643
Annual herbs 22 11 20 16 1.571
Ferns 6 3 6 4 0.429
Results: Cumulative scores UR, FC, NU, conservation practices (Cons), CI index by plant habit
Chinese knotweed Elephant ear taro Cat’s claw Bishop wood Crêpe ginger Lance-‐‑leaved Sterculia
![Page 35: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Results: Conservation /Use UR
FC
Multiple R-‐‑squared: 0.7291 Adjusted R-‐‑squared: 0.7267
p-‐‑value: < 2.2e-‐‑16
Multiple R-‐‑squared: 0.6594 Adjusted R-‐‑squared: 0.6563
p-‐‑value: < 2.2e-‐‑16
Ind. quantitative ethnobotany. Dep. conservation practices.
![Page 36: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Multiple R-‐‑squared: 0.2023 Adjusted R-‐‑squared: 0.1949
F-‐‑statistic: 27.64 p-‐‑value: 7.354e-‐‑07
Results: Conservation /Use
NU
UR FC
Ind. quantitative ethnobotany. Dep. conservation practices.
![Page 37: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Discussion/Conclusions
![Page 38: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Discussion/Conclusions • Hmong cultural plant use for conservation
![Page 39: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Discussion/Conclusions • Hmong cultural plant use for conservation
• Coping for traditional customary management systems
![Page 40: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Discussion/Conclusions • Hmong cultural plant use for conservation
• Coping for traditional customary management systems • Promote traditional practices of conservation
![Page 41: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Discussion/Conclusions • Hmong cultural plant use for conservation
• Coping for traditional customary management systems • Promote traditional practices of conservation
• Participatory research for endogenous solutions for conservation
![Page 42: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Discussion/Conclusions • Hmong cultural plant use for conservation
• Coping for traditional customary management systems • Promote traditional practices of conservation
• Participatory research for endogenous solutions for conservation
![Page 43: Hmong Conservation: Lessons in Ethnobotany from the Elders of Long Lan, Luang Prabang, Lao People's Democratic Republic](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022030317/586e0e6e1a28ab8a588b465d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Literature • AUBRÉVILLE A. 1985. Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam:
Sabiacées, par. F. Gagnepain et J. Vidal. Muséum national d’histoire naturelle.
• PHILLIPS O. & GENTRY A.H. 1993. The useful plants of Tambopata, Peru: I. Statistical hypotheses tests with a new quantitative technique. Economic Botany 47: 15-32. SMITINAND T. & J.E. VIDAL 1990. Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Viêtnam:(révision de la Flore générale de l’Indochine). Diptérocarpacées. Muséum national d’histoire naturelle.
• SPERI 2013. Ethnobotany Research; An Approach to Biological Human Ecology Theory. Hanoi, Vietnam: Knowledge Publishing (Nhà xuất bản Tri thức).
• TARDÍO J. & PARDO-DE-SANTAYANA M. 2008. Cultural importance indices: a comparative analysis based on the useful wild plants of Southern Cantabria (Northern Spain) 1. Economic Botany 62: 24-39.